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CHAdeMO: the enabler of EV bi-directional charging (V2X)
Risø, 21 November 2018
Tomoko BLECH
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Agenda
o CHAdeMO basics
o CHAdeMO V2X
o History
o Standardisation & certification
o Product & system developments
o CHAdeMO principles for evolution
o Summary
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CHAdeMO and CHAdeMO Association
What do we do?
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413entities
41countries
Association members
And many, many more..
Who are our
members?
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123
26EU members
Countries0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2015/05 2016/05 2017/05 2018/05 2018/10
Regular Supporting Special
CHAdeMO members in Europe
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4052
22 600TOTAL
7900EU
52900NA
7400JP
4200ex-JP
200
20 20
82 181
4566
73
36
11
23
80
16
6
94
7
6
5
256
261
140
191
977 311
1291395
1368
1116 231
115
94
158140
131
1 23
202
23
2
37
Note: as of Sept 2018
Source: ChargeMap, EAFO, Zap-Map, NOBIL, Girève, GoingElectric, ChargeHub
CHAdeMO global/European installation
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CHAdeMO plug-in share in the world
Source: EV-volumes.com
Note: includes light commercial vehicles
0%
50%
100%
TOTAL BEV PHEV
Global plug-in sales by fast charging inlet (2008-2018/6)
Unknown
N/A
AC fast
CCS
GB/T
Tesla
31%
11%
24%
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CHAdeMO in the EU EV market
0%
50%
100%
BEV PHEV Total
EU plug-in share by fast charging inlet (Cumulative, 2008-2018/H1)
N/A
ACfastCCS
Tesla
42%33%
21%
Source: EV-volumes.com; includes LCVsSource: EAFO, passenger cars only; EU+EFTA+Turkey
2018
BEV
Top 5 BEV
2018 PHEV
Top 5 PHEV
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CHAdeMO V2X
DC
V2X
protocol
Typically up to 10kW
PCS
HEMS
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Restoration Ratio
Restoration of infrastructures post
East Japan Earthquake (2011)
EV in Tohoku after the East Japan Earthquake(Photo: K. Kawada)
11Mar. 18Mar. 25Mar. 1Apr. 8Apr. 15Apr.
Blue: Water
Red: Gas
Green: Electricity
100%
50%
0%
CHAdeMO and V2X: the beginning (1/2)
Source: N. Nojima, JSCE ICE cars needed petrol, which took time to arrive at
the affected areas
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Heating
Kettle(700-1000W)
Electric blankets
(50W-90W)
Recovery support
LED floodlight (70W)
LED electric signs (200W)
Information access
Phone charging
(15W/phone)
Portable PC
(50W-150W)
CHAdeMO and V2X: the beginning (2/2)
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Standardised V2X: specs and certification in place
201420132012
Grid-connection(AC side - JP)
2015
International
Standards
2016
V2H
Specifications
Certification(Bi-directional &DC side)
CHAdeMO
Standard
Initial
Guideline
1.0
2017
CHAdeMO
Guideline
2.0-2.1
CHAdeMOCertification
Industrial
Standards
IEC61851-23, 24
2018
Relevant standard examples:
IEC 62909 / IEC 61850 / ISO/IEC 15118
Certification in place
IEC61851-23, 24 Ed2 TC69• Bi-directional charging: MT5
• Grid connection: JWG11
3rd-party certification in place
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Certification in JapanGrid Connection V2H-
EVPS Certification
CHAdeMO V2H Certification• EVSE-EV communication
• EV-interactive sequence control
for interoperability
JET (Japan Electrical Safety
and Environment Technology
Laboratory)
Home/Grid Communication Cerfitication• Defined by relevant industrial organisations
(ECHONET / ECHONET Light / BACnet)
Source: JET http://www.jet.or.jp/;
https://echonet.jp/about/certification_system/
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V2L
(Load)
V2H
(Home-off Grid)
V2G/B/H
(Grid)
V2V
(Vehicle)
V2X products in the market
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Seen at eMove360
eNovates /the New Motion: wall-mountable V2G (10kW)
Wallbox: DC V2X charger (7.4kW)
Photo courtesy of Narcis Vidal, Enel X
Magnum Cap: MC V2G (10kW)
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Grid-integrated EVs: demo to commercial applications
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Source: TU Delft and Last Mile Solutions, PRE Power Developers Source: Nichicon
V2X Market trend: multi-source systems
Multi-source system for homes Large-scale multi-source system
PCS SB
battery
V2H stand
EV/PHEV
PV
Battery+PCS
Battery Grid connection
V2X Smart homedevice
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Development in progress: fast-charge on V2X system
Bi-directionalDC/AC
converter
Bi-directionalDC/DC
converter
Bi-directionalDC/DC
converter
Bi-directionalDC/DC
converter
V2X Board PCS
Board
Grid
V2X mode:
▪ Charge / discharge
▪ Safety and convenience
of equipment usage
Fast-charger mode
o Parallelization DC/DC
converters
o Communication between each
converter
o Ensure fast-charge
Bi-directionalDC/AC
converter
V2X Board PCS
Board
Grid
Communication
Bi-directionalDC/DC
converter
Bi-directionalDC/DC
converter
Bi-directionalDC/DC
converter
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CHAdeMO principles for evolution
▪ Adaptation (as flexible as possible)
▪ Backward compatibility
▪ Core values
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Varied charge needs
Enhanced V2XFunctionality
High Power Charging(50kW+)
DC charge at home/office (6-10kW)
Battery as energy device• Peak cut• PV connection• VPP participation• Resilience• Leisure
Varied charge needs(22kW, 50kW, inductive, smart charge..)
• Full charge• Top-up• During stay• Low Power (low cost) • Charge guided by AI
40kWh
30kWh
24kWh
16kWh
9kWh
10.5kWh
Adaptation (as flexible as possible)
Battery capacity
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Backward compatibility
Fully backward
compatible
62.5kW (125A x 500V) 200kW (400A)
CHAdeMO 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 CHAdeMO 2.0
400kW (1kV)
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Core values: safety, CAN, interoperability
CHAdeMO (THE ORIGINAL)
New techno High power/voltage, V2X,
PnC, Smart Charging..
CHAdeMO CoreSafety / Communication
protocol / Certification…
Compliant variants Regional variants
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Next-gen ultra-fast protocol: harmonisation with GB/T
• Co-development with CEC (China
Electricity Council)
• For vehicles including trucks,
buses and passenger vehicles
New protocol
Target 900kW (600A x 1.5kV)
• New connector shape
• Full backward compatibility with
current CHAdeMO and current GB/T
• Aimed for 2020
• V2X included in scope
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PATHWAY CHARGINGDESTINATION CHARGINGOFFICE/HOME CHARGING
VPP
DR via
V2X
Billing
Authentication
PnC
Pantograph
Wireless
Dynamic
Vehicles
of all
size
High
Power
All possible with CHAdeMO
●Already developed ● Development on-going
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o CHAdeMO is the first and the only international protocol to
enable V2X with production EVs / PCS
o Having engaged in a variety of demo and commercial
projects, CHAdeMO leads the innovation in the V2X domain
o CHAdeMO protocol evolves and optimises functionality
adapting to the various market needs around charging /
discharging
Summary