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Ch 1.4 – Equations & Inequalities
Objective:
To recognize symbols, variables, and types of sentences used in algebra.
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DefinitionsExpression
An expression involves numbers and/or variables and math operators
(+, --, *, /) and only one side of an equation.
For example: 5x + 2
Equation
A statement formed by placing an equal sign (=) between two expressions.
For example: 5(x) + 2 = 12
Inequality
A statement formed by placing a “greater than” sign (>)
or a “less than” sign (<) between two expressions.
For example: 10 + 2 > 0 10 + 2 < 20
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Symbols
Equalities Inequalities
= Equals (the same) < Is less than
> Is greater than
Is less than or equal to
Is greater than or equal to
= Not equal to
≤
≥
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Give three solutions to each sentence below.
1) x > 10
2) x + 3 7≤
3) 5 - x < 0
4) 2 1 3x − >
Samples: 11, 15, 34
Samples: 4, -8, 0
Samples: 6, 7, 10
Samples: 3, 4, 7
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Use mental math to solve each equation.
1) x + 4 = 9
2) 5 - x = 2
3) 2x + 3 = 17
{ 5 }
{ 3 }
{ 7 }
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Expressions vs. Equations
Numerical
Variable
Expressions Equations Inequalities
2 + 35(8) - 4
x + 78 - 3y
2 + 3 = 54 + 2(3) = 10
x - 4 = 1311= 3 + 2m
9 - 5 > 3
6y - 4 < 8
Sentences
Open sentences
Open sentences have solutions and can be solved.
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Open sentences have solutions and can be solved.
Variable Equations Variable Inequalities
4 + m = 7 5 + y < 91- 4 - 4
m = 3
- 5 - 5
y < 86
One Solution InfiniteSolutions
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Identify each as an expression, sentence, open sentence, equation, or inequality.
1) 3x + 5 = 11
2) 7 < 2(5) + 3
3) 5x - 2
4) 6m + 2 > 3
Sentence, open sentence, equation
Sentence, inequality
Expression
Sentence, open sentence, inequality