Download - Car Makers Find Ways to Make Cheaper Hybrids
Car Makers Find Ways to Make
Cheaper Hybrids
Hussein Basma
201203464
202/17/2015 Hybrid Cars
Brief Overview about Hybrid Cars and Their Benefits
The High Costs of Hybrid Cars
Projection on The Lebanese Cars Market
Approaches by Car Companies to Reduce This High Cost
Comment Blog
Why Not Benz?
Conclusion
• Approach Taken by Hyundai
• Approach Taken by Toyota
• Approach Taken by Ford
Outline
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 3
Brief Overview about Hybrid Cars
and Their Benefits
• A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle
that uses two or more distinct
power sources to move the
vehicle.
• The Term hybrid
Vehicle mainly refers to
hybrid electric Vehicle.
• Hybrid cars are
environmentally friendly
because they use less fuel
than conventional cars.
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 4
The High Cost of Hybrid Cars
• The problem in Hybrid cars is their
high cost relative to equivalent
conventional cars. Hybrid cars costs
as an average $6000 more than
equivalent fuel cars. [1]
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 5
Projection on The Lebanese Market
• A car that costs $26000 in the U.S
is going to cost the Lebanese
Market $62000 after Taxes and
registration fees and this is a very
high cost. [2]
Initial Cost
Cost After Import Taxes and Tariffs
Cost After Registration Fees
Cost $$
$$
$$$
$$$$
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 6
Approaches by Car Companies to Reduce This High Cost
Approach Taken by Hyundai
• Hyundai introduced the idea
of two parallel Automatic
clutch systems which
consists of a gas engine and
an electric motor. [3]
Electric
Motor
IC
Engine
Highways Traffic
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 7
Approach Taken by Hyundai
• No need for powerful
electric motors because
we need to generate only
moderate power and thus
the cost decreases . [3]
• 30% decrease in the total
cost of hybrid car
produced by Hyundai. [3]
Series Clutch System
Parallel Clutch System
Series-Parallel Combined Clutch System
Sonata 2011
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 8
Approach Taken by Toyota
• Shifting their electrical systems
from 500V to 650V. (Less
Copper, less transistors) [1]
• Using flat cells rather than
cylindrical ones which
saves space and improves
the cooling process of the
Battery. [1]
Flat Cells
Cylindrical Cells
Less Connections
Less Copper
Less Transistors
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 9
Approach Taken by Toyota
This whole study was adopted by the ASME
in 2014 and significant improvements were
achieved in terms of batteries efficiency. The
results were 14% improvement in efficiency
and 5% reduction in cost. [7]
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 10
Approach Taken by Ford
• The reason behind such a
high cost is the number
of components such an
industry needs. [4]
• Complete Hybrid Model with
every single component of this
model being manufactured at
Ford. [4]
Complete Hybrid Model
at Ford
Battery Systems
Control Engines
Software Development
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 11
Approach Taken by Ford
• Lowering the amount of
dysprosium used to the half
and improving their HVAC
units. [4]
• Dysprosium is the most
expensive and rare earth
metal used in the
manufacturing of
Batteries. [4]
• Their statistics show
that in 2020 25% of
their total sales will
be Hybrid cars. [4]
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 12
Comments Blog
“such systems rely heavily on batteries and eventually batteries have
low life cycles compared to engines”
New batteries that have a life span from 12 to 15 years in regular
climate conditions and 8 to 12 years life span in extreme climate
conditions. [5]
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 13
Comments Blog
What Does a 15-year Battery Represent ?
• Batteries can compete powerfully against IC
engines in the lifespan struggle. [5]
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 14
Why Not Benz?
• Benz had always been the
leading company in automotive
technology. Why it is not in
hybrid cars technology?
• The high cost of a
conventional Benz car is a
reason.
S-400 2014
$57000 for
conventional s-400 fuel
car
VS
$68000 for hybrid s-400
car
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 15
Conclusion
The high cost of Hybrid cars prevents our cars market from
being hybrid oriented
Technological ways to reduce this high cost
Hyundai developed automatic parallel clutch system
Toyota modified the battery cells used
Ford went through logistic changes and modified the
internal composition of their batteries
Hybrid cars batteries have a good lifespan compared to IC
Engines
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 16
Backup Slide : Comment Blog;
Theoretical Studies behind hybrid
Cars Technology
“ This field Lacks Theory !!!! ”
ASME reveals that the theoretic research
behind this topic is as much as the technical
one. A lot of theory is inducted especially
optimization theories and mathematical
models for dynamic systems and control
systems. [6]E
fficiency
02/17/2015 Hybrid Cars 17
References
[1] Kevin Bullis. (October, 1, 2012). Car Makers Find Ways to Make Cheaper Hybrids.
Retrieved, February, 7, 2015, from
http://www.technologyreview.com/news/429266/carmakers-find-ways-to-make-cheaper-
hybrids/
[2] Charbel Mansour. (January, 27, 2015). The Car of the Future is all about Energy Efficiency. Retrieved, February, 12, 2015, from
http://www.lau.edu.lb/news-events/news/archive/the_car_of_the_future_is_all_a/
[3] Earth Easy. (May, 9, 2011). New Technology to lower the Cost of Hybrid Cars. Retrieved, February, 12, 2015, from
http://eartheasy.com/blog/2011/05/new-technology-to-lower-the-cost-of-
hybrid-cars/
[4] Brad Berman. (April, 25, 2011). Ford Implements Strategies to Lower Costs of Hybrid. Retrieved, February 12, 2015, from
http://www.hybridcars.com/ford-implements-strategies-lower-cost-hybrids-
29785/
[5] Alternative Fuels Data Center. (2014). Benefits and Considerations of Electricity as Vehicle Fuel. Retrieved, February, 12, 2015, from
http://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity_benefits.html
[6] Pei, D. Lemy, M. (September 2013). Dynamic Programming-InformedEquivalent Cost Minimization Control Strategies for Hybrid-Electric Vehicles, 135. (051013-2), P.
3-5
[7] Hamut, H. DIncer, I. Natarer, G. (March 2014). Experimental and Theoretical Efficiency
Investigation of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery Thermal Management Systems, 136. (011202-1), P. 2-7