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BurnsBurns. . TreatmentTreatment
20122012
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First aidFirst aid Stopping action of fire, hot Stopping action of fire, hot
water, electricity, radiation, water, electricity, radiation, chemical substances.chemical substances.
Analgesia.Analgesia. Putting of sterile dressing.Putting of sterile dressing. Transporting to the Transporting to the
nearest hospital.nearest hospital.
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Medical aidMedical aid
TherapeuticTherapeutic
SurgicalSurgical AnalgesiaAnalgesia CatheterizationCatheterization Oxygen therapyOxygen therapy Complex infusive and Complex infusive and
medicamentous therapymedicamentous therapy NecrotomyNecrotomy NecrectomyNecrectomy GraftingGrafting
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Necrotomy
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NecrectomyNecrectomy
SurgicalSurgical ChemicalChemical
BiologicalBiological FermentativeFermentative
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Instruments for necrectomyInstruments for necrectomy and forand for cutting of graftscutting of grafts
Humby knifeHumby knife
DermatomesDermatomes
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Methods of local treatment of burn Methods of local treatment of burn woundswounds
Dry method Wet method
Open method Close method
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Open method of treatment of Open method of treatment of burn woundsburn wounds
IndicationsIndications:: burnsburns II-IIIА II-IIIА st.st. on faceon face,,perineumperineum, , where where
dressings could worse physiological actsdressings could worse physiological acts BurnsBurns IIIBIIIB--IVIV st.st.
Methods:Methods: Usage of modern drugs for local treatmentUsage of modern drugs for local treatment
((solutionsolution of K permanganatof K permanganat, 0,5% , 0,5% solution of solution of Na nitrateNa nitrate, 1% , 1% solutionsolution of jodopironof jodopiron, , ““NaksolNaksol”)”)
Treatment in notTreatment in not bacterial environmentbacterial environment Usage of infrared lampsUsage of infrared lamps
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Open method of treatmentOpen method of treatment of burnsof burns
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Close method of treatment of burnsClose method of treatment of burns
The main method of local treatmentThe main method of local treatment Appearing of conditions for local Appearing of conditions for local
usage of drugsusage of drugs Optimal treatment out of hospitalOptimal treatment out of hospital The only method during transportingThe only method during transporting
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Wet method of treatment Wet method of treatment of burn woundsof burn wounds
Indications:Indications: Non infected Non infected burnsburns of II-IIIAof II-IIIA st.st. Small in size infected burns ofSmall in size infected burns of
IIIIIIААBB st. in case of little st. in case of little exudationexudation
Auto transplants on the woundsAuto transplants on the wounds Donor woundsDonor wounds Long lasting woundsLong lasting wounds
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Mechanism of action of wet Mechanism of action of wet environmentenvironment
at at II stage of wound processstage of wound process – – stimulation of autolysis and clearing stimulation of autolysis and clearing of the woundof the wound
at II stageat II stage – – making of good making of good conditions for growth of granulationsconditions for growth of granulations
atat III stageIII stage - - making of good making of good conditions for formation of soft and conditions for formation of soft and elastic scarselastic scars
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Wet method of treatment Wet method of treatment of burn woundsof burn wounds
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Wet method of treatment of Wet method of treatment of burnsburns
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What we can use for local What we can use for local treatment of burns?treatment of burns?
Bactericidic and bacteriostatic solutionsBactericidic and bacteriostatic solutions, , antibioticsantibiotics..
Water-solubleWater-soluble oinmentsoinments.. SorbsSorbs.. Biological coveringsBiological coverings..
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Usage of ointments in local treatment of burn wounds
Phase of wound process
Drug Action
Exudation Dioxizol, Oflocain
Anti inflammatory, antibiotic effect
Demarcation and clearing of wound
Oflocain, Miramistin, Streptonitol
Clearing of wounds by necrolytic type
Regeneration Pantestin, Methyluracil
Providing of good formation of epithelium
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Disadvantages of gauze dressings
• Under them good environment for development of microorganisms appear
• You can’t provide effective concentration of drugs• There is a need to change dressings often• While taking off of these dressings you can injure new
epithelium• Pieces of gauze you can leave on the wound• Painful dressings and need in frequent anestesia
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Biological substitutes of skinBiological substitutes of skin – – Gold standard of treatment of burn woundsGold standard of treatment of burn wounds
• Homo skin
• Xeno skin
• Placenta
• Peritoneum
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Preparing of liophilized Preparing of liophilized xeno dermo transplantsxeno dermo transplants
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Producing of liophilized xeno dermo Producing of liophilized xeno dermo
transplantstransplants Cutting of xenotransplants Equilibration in solutions
Introduction into anabiosis (solutions, temperature)
Being in anabiosis (“adapting to new conditions”)
Pull-out the anabiosis (temperature, duration)
Preparing of xeno transplants to liophilization (possible reaching by drugs)
Liophilization (duration, control)
Packing
Preparing before usage depending on aim of usage
Cutting of xeno transplants
Traditional liophilization
To 3 hours
Laboratory “on wheels ”
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The xeno transplants are packed in sterileThe xeno transplants are packed in sterilepackets packets
( 100,150,200,250,300 sm2). ( 100,150,200,250,300 sm2). It’s thickness is 0,3-0,5 mm.It’s thickness is 0,3-0,5 mm.
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Usage of xeno grafts in case of Usage of xeno grafts in case of superficial burnssuperficial burns
Their functions :Their functions : decrease or stop loosing of liquid, proteins, decrease or stop loosing of liquid, proteins,
electrolites electrolites improve patient’s stateimprove patient’s state decrease or stop pain decrease or stop pain normalize body temperaturenormalize body temperature prevent burn diseaseprevent burn disease make faster recoverymake faster recovery prevent scaring.prevent scaring.
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Usage of xeno transplants in Usage of xeno transplants in case of deep burnscase of deep burns
Large area of burnsLarge area of burns Non stable patient’s stateNon stable patient’s state Not clear woundNot clear wound In combination with autoplasticIn combination with autoplastic
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Morphology of liophilized xeno Morphology of liophilized xeno transplantstransplants
Layers of epidermocytes are saved. Clear basal membrane. Basophilic nucleuses vacuolization of cytoplazma of some
cells.
Organization of epidermocytes of spinal layer. Desmosomic contacts are saved,
some dilation of between cellular spaces. Small invaginations of cariolema,
destruction of some organels.
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Wounds of IIIB-IV Wounds of IIIB-IV stagesstages. . Third day Third day
after xeno plasticafter xeno plastic. . Close fixing of Close fixing of
xeno transplant to xeno transplant to the woundthe wound . . Vessel Vessel
(capillary) is (capillary) is growing into the growing into the xeno transplants xeno transplants
from injured from injured dermaderma..
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Clear wound surface. Good granulations. Wound is ready for
autotransplantation
Ultra structure of active fibroblast and formation of components of
between cellular substance
Wounds ofWounds of ІІІ ІІІ BB – – IVIV stagesstages after taking after taking off of xenotransplant. 14 day after off of xenotransplant. 14 day after
xenoplastyxenoplasty
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Burn of IIIA stageBurn of IIIA stage
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NecrectomyNecrectomy ((22ndnd day after the trauma)day after the trauma)
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Wounds are covered with Wounds are covered with xenograftsxenografts
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Xenografts are fixedXenografts are fixed
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Epithelization under the Epithelization under the xenograftsxenografts
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ChildChild BB., 1 ., 1 yearyear. . Burn by hot waterBurn by hot water ІІ-ІІІ А ІІ-ІІІ А stages of neckstages of neck, , backback,, nates nates, , left upper limbleft upper limb, ,
50% 50% of body areaof body area. . Wounds are covered Wounds are covered with xeno transplantswith xeno transplants..
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The same The same child. child.
Epithelization Epithelization under xeno under xeno transplantstransplants
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Burn by the flame II-IIIA Burn by the flame II-IIIA stagestage
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Xenografting of burn wounds of Xenografting of burn wounds of II-IIIA stageII-IIIA stage
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Epithelization of burn wounds Epithelization of burn wounds of II-IIIA stage under xenograftsof II-IIIA stage under xenografts
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BurnBurn of II-IIIA stof II-IIIA st. . XenograftingXenografting
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Epithelization under the Epithelization under the xenograftsxenografts
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Burn wounds ofBurn wounds of ІІ-ІІІА ІІ-ІІІАBB stst., 26 (18) % ., 26 (18) % of of
body areabody area. . Early necrectomyEarly necrectomy..
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Xenografting.Xenografting. AutograftingAutografting
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ChildChild, 1 , 1 yearyear 8 8 monthmonth. . Burn Burn by the fire of face, trunk, by the fire of face, trunk,
right handright hand 44 (32%) 44 (32%) of body of body areaarea
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The same The same child. child.
Wounds Wounds are are
covered covered with auto- with auto- and xenoand xeno
transplants transplants
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The same The same child after the child after the
treatmenttreatment
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Burn wounds of IIIB-IV stageBurn wounds of IIIB-IV stage
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Early necrectomy for wounds Early necrectomy for wounds of IIIB-IV stageof IIIB-IV stage
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Auto grafting of burn wounds Auto grafting of burn wounds of IIIB-IV stageof IIIB-IV stage
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EpithelizatiEpithelization of burn on of burn wounds of wounds of
IIIB-IV stageIIIB-IV stage
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Thank Thank you you
for your for your attentioattentio
nn