Download - Bruner’s const ructivist theory
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BRUNER’S CONSTRUCTIVIST
THEORY
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OBJECTIVES: explain the individual’s ability and
development to represent knowledge. differentiate and discuss the kinds of categories of identity, equivalent and coding. Explain how spiral curriculum works.
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Jerome Seymour Bruner
- one of the first proponents of constructivism.
Constructivism- is an epistemological belief about
what "knowing" is and how one "come to know."
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Constructivism reject the notions that:
1. Knowledge is an identifiable entity with
absolute truth value,
2. Meaning can be passed on to
learners via symbols or transmission,
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3. Learners can incorporate exact copies of teacher’s understanding for their own use.
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“Learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge.”
- major theme in the theoretical framework of Bruner.
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BRUNER’S MAIN CONCEPTS1. Representation Modes of Presenting Understanding: a. Enactive representation- children learn about the world through actions on physical objects and the outcomes of these actions.
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- represent objects in terms of immediate sensations. - represented in the muscles and involve responses or ways to manipulate the environment. b. Iconic – obtained through using models and
pictures.
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- the learner can now use mental images to stand for certain objects or events. c. Symbolic representation- the learner has
developed the ability to think abstract terms.
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2. Spiral Curriculum- instruction needs to be anchored on the learner’s cognitive capabilities. Principles of instruction: 1. Readiness 2. Spiral Organization 3. Going beyond the information given
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3. Discovering Learning- refers to obtaining
knowledge for oneself. Major Aspects in the Theory of Instruction: a. Predisposition to learn- “ readiness for
learning”.
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b. Structure of Knowledge- the ways in which a body of knowledge can be structured so that it can
be most readily gasped by the learner.
c. Effective Sequencing- presentation of lessons in increasing difficulty.
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d. Reinforcement- rewards and punishment that should be selected and paced
appropriately.4. Categorization- Bruner believed that perception, conceptualization, learning, decision making, and making inferences all involved categorization.
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Kinds of Categories:1. Identity Categories- include objects
based on their attributes or features. 2. Equivalent Categories- provide rules for
combining categories.3. Coding Systems- serve to recognize
sensory input.
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“ People interpret the world mostly in terms of similarities and differences”.
- valuable contribution to how individuals construct their own models or view on the world.
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References: http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/w/x/wxh139/construct.htmAquino, A.(2009). Facilitating Human Learning. Manila,Philippines, Rex Book Store Inc.
Prepared by:Zichara Y. Jumawan
BSEd- 2