BRT Vehicles: Latest Technologies and Procurement Trends
BRT Vehicles: Latest Technologies and Procurement Trends
Cliff HenkeSr. Analyst, BRT and Small StartsParsons Brinckerhoff Americas
APTA/TRB BRT Conference, SeattleMay 2009
Cliff HenkeSr. Analyst, BRT and Small StartsParsons Brinckerhoff Americas
APTA/TRB BRT Conference, SeattleMay 2009
Topics TodayTopics Today
What Is A BRT Vehicle? Example Vehicles Projects Market Trends Discussion
What Is A BRT Vehicle? Example Vehicles Projects Market Trends Discussion
What’s A BRT Vehicle? What’s A BRT Vehicle?
New Flyer Invero i40 LF
Irisbus Civis
StandardArtic
Stylized Artic
Specialized
Stylized Std
New Flyer Hybrid Electric DE60LF
NABI CompoBus 45 C LFW
Gillig 40 LF
NABI CNG 60 BRT
The European bus design challengeThe European bus design challenge
Las Vegas Has Led Challenge to U.S. Builders Las Vegas Has Led Challenge to U.S. Builders
Driven by image and BRT needs Driven by image and BRT needs
U.S. Manufacturers Have Responded U.S. Manufacturers Have Responded
Driven by environmental and BRT needs Driven by environmental and BRT needs
North American Vehicles Now with Doors on Both SidesNorth American Vehicles Now with Doors on Both Sides
NABI 60-BRT hybrid demo
New Flyer 60DELFBRT hybrid for Cleveland Health Line
High-Comfort, AmenitiesHigh-Comfort, Amenities
Interior Finish Large Windows Luggage Racks Information Grab Bars
Interior Finish Large Windows Luggage Racks Information Grab Bars
• Rear Window• Multiple Doors• Circulation• Seat Comfort• Fast Securement
Range of BRT Vehicles, CostsRange of BRT Vehicles, Costs
Model Body Type Propulsion Cost (US$)
40-ft. low-floor
Standard Diesel or CNG mech.
$340,000-$380,000
45-ft. low-floor
Stylized Diesel or CNG mech.
$550,000-$720,000
60-ft. low-floor
Standard artic
Diesel or CNG mech.
$480,000-$520,000
60-ft. low-floor
Stylized Diesel or CNG mech.
$650,000-$800,000
60-ft. low-floor
Stylized Hybrid $950,000 +
What Onboard Technologies Are Critical to BRT Success?What Onboard Technologies Are Critical to BRT Success?
BRT System Success Measures
Speed & Capacity
Adv. Propulsion Amenities Styling
Ridership Increase
System Capacity, Travel Time
Capital Savings, Operational Saving
Boarding/Exit Time, Accessibility
Bus Emissions, Noise
Economic Development, Land Use
Convenience/Frequency/Reliability ?
Safety Perception, Cleanliness, Style
Passenger InformationPassenger Information
At StationsLA: Metro Rapid Bus
On BoardParis: Val de Marne Busway
Other Info Technologies Also Have Income StreamsOther Info Technologies Also Have Income Streams
On-Board Wi-Fi (L.A., Miami, various European cities)
On-Board and Station Advertising with Next-Bus Info
“Transit TV”
On-Board Wi-Fi (L.A., Miami, various European cities)
On-Board and Station Advertising with Next-Bus Info
“Transit TV”
Hybrid will surpass CNG for most BRT PropulsionHybrid will surpass CNG for most BRT Propulsion
28% of total will be hybrids
One-third to be CNG (traditional drivetrain)
28% of total will be hybrids
One-third to be CNG (traditional drivetrain)
37%
33%
28%
2%
HybridCNGLNGULSD
37%
33%
28%
2%
HybridCNGLNGULSD
Docking/ Narrow Lane Guidancefor speed/consistencyDocking/ Narrow Lane Guidancefor speed/consistency
Precision Docking—Theory: Speed, consistency can be improved Consistent gap can speed boarding
Same high station/curb height eliminates ramp deploy dwell time
Enables rail-like ADA compliance??
In Practice: Not proven in USA Benefits, cost unclear
Precision Docking—Theory: Speed, consistency can be improved Consistent gap can speed boarding
Same high station/curb height eliminates ramp deploy dwell time
Enables rail-like ADA compliance??
In Practice: Not proven in USA Benefits, cost unclear
• Guidance - high speed in narrow lanes–Shoulder lane ROWs; Narrow bridges; Queue jump lanes
–Inclement weather operations
–Could save in capital cost of projects
BRT Vehicle Demand Growth BRT Vehicle Demand Growth
20% to be 40-45 footers 450 per year, 66% for new services
20% to be 40-45 footers 450 per year, 66% for new services
Source: FTA 2004 Vehicle Demand Survey of 48 cities’ expected BRT bus deliveries over the next 10 years (CALSTART, 2004)
30-35 ft. buses40-45 ft. busesArticulated buses
Projected U.S.
Market for BRT Vehicles
Pace of Technology’s ChangePace of Technology’s Change
The 1990s: Multiple floor heights,
lengths Several fuels (and
aftertreatments) Multiple structures Advanced electronics
(multiplexing, AVL, voice annunciators, AVM, etc.)
The 2000s: Growing use of hybrids Real-time video
surveillance Data logging and
advanced diagnostics Wi-Fi BRT features
The 1990s: Multiple floor heights,
lengths Several fuels (and
aftertreatments) Multiple structures Advanced electronics
(multiplexing, AVL, voice annunciators, AVM, etc.)
The 2000s: Growing use of hybrids Real-time video
surveillance Data logging and
advanced diagnostics Wi-Fi BRT features
I/O Controls’ multiplexing system
The Result: A “Build to Order” MarketThe Result: A “Build to Order” Market
Each order custom Pilot bus Wiring scheme
different Major components
different (even allowed by SBPGs)
Time to market now 18 months—or less
Big reason why OEMs are financially fragile
Each order custom Pilot bus Wiring scheme
different Major components
different (even allowed by SBPGs)
Time to market now 18 months—or less
Big reason why OEMs are financially fragile
“And now you want what?”
Cost of New Technology and Mandates?Cost of New Technology and Mandates?
Small But Important Vehicle Issues to Look for In Authorization, Regulations
Small But Important Vehicle Issues to Look for In Authorization, Regulations
Buy America enforcement Altoona testing waivers Local Preferences (e.g., In State Dealer Reqs. Axle weight loading exemptions Standards incentives/mandates Procurement reforms driven by DOD etc. Funding, Funding and More Funding
Buy America enforcement Altoona testing waivers Local Preferences (e.g., In State Dealer Reqs. Axle weight loading exemptions Standards incentives/mandates Procurement reforms driven by DOD etc. Funding, Funding and More Funding
ConclusionsConclusions
Remember: BRT Is A System of Elements Most Important Vehicle-Related System
Performance Impacts: Capacity Doors/Seat Layout Route Speed (Vehicle and TSP) Route Structure/Convenience Fleet Size = Frequency Vehicle Reliability
Largest System Design Impacts Branding-Related Livery and Interiors Vehicle and Station Styling Information/Ease of Use
Remember: BRT Is A System of Elements Most Important Vehicle-Related System
Performance Impacts: Capacity Doors/Seat Layout Route Speed (Vehicle and TSP) Route Structure/Convenience Fleet Size = Frequency Vehicle Reliability
Largest System Design Impacts Branding-Related Livery and Interiors Vehicle and Station Styling Information/Ease of Use
Questions?Questions?
Thank youThank you