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Hepatitis B and C…
It concerns us all
…and us
An
glA
is
1
Why talk about Hepatitis B and C? Becausetheyarediseases…
Theyarenot apparent p 4
Theyarefrequentoccurrences p 6
Theycanbeserious p 8
Theycanbetransmitted p 12
Theycanbeavoided p 12
Theycanbedetected p 22
Theycanbecared for p 24
2
Hepatitisisaninflammationoftheliver.
Theliverisavital organ.
Itservestostore,transform,andcreateelementsthatthebodyrequirestofunction,aswellastoeliminatetoxins
Foie normal
Foie inflammé
Hepatitis, what is it?
3
Hepatitiscanbecausedeitherbytoxins(alcohol,medicines,mushrooms…)orbyavirus.
Hepatitis B and C are viral strands, which means that they are caused by viruses.
Hepatitis B Virus Hepatitis C Virus
4
Mostoftenthereareno symptoms.
What are the signs of Hepatitis B or C?
Youdon’tfeellikeyouaresick Youdon’tknowthatyouaresick
5
Sometimes,atthestartoftheinfectionyoucouldhavejaundice,fatigue,nausea,painandthefatiguecanpersist
heonlywaytoknowifyouhaveHepatitisBorCistobescreened/tested
6
HepatitisBandCarecommonillnesses
Hepatitis B and C: common illnesses?
ThemajorityofpeoplewhohaveHepatitisBorCdon’t know it.
7
In the world…
1in3peoplehasbeenincontactwiththeHepatitisBorCvirus
1in12peoplehaschronicHepatitisBorC
8
Hepatitis B, is it serious?
Contact withthevirus: Fulminant Hepatitis (Acute liver
failure): Thevirusdestroystheliver
2billionpeople
Intheworld…
Chronic Hepatitis:Thevirusstaysand
continuestomultiplyintheliver
Recovery:Thevirusiseliminated
fromtheorganism
10%
1%
89%
9
Cirrhosis20à40%
Fibrosis Cancer
600000deathsperyear
Prognosis without treatment, over 20 to 30 years
80%
10
Hepatitis C, is it serious?
Contact withthevirus:
Chronic Hepatitis: Thevirusstaysand
continuestomultiplyintheliver
Recovery: Thevirusiseliminated
fromtheorganism
200millionpeople
Intheworld…
80%
20%
11
Cirrhosis 20à40%
Fibrosis Cancer
350000deathsperyear
Prognosis without treatment, over 20 to 30 years
12
Thereisno vaccine againstHepatitisC
Viamother-to-childtransmission,duringpregnancyorbirthwhenthemotheriscontaminated
ThereisaharmlessbuteffectivevaccineagainstHepatitisBforbabies,children,teenagers,andadultsWhenyouarevaccinatedagainstHepatitisB,thereisnoriskofcontractingoroftransmittingthedisease
— How do you avoid it? Getting vaccinated
90%
4%
Hepatitis B and C: How are they transmitted?
13
— How do you avoid it? Getting vaccinated
WhenthemotherhasHepatitisB,aspecialvaccinationcanbegiventothebabyatitsbirthtoensurehis/
herprotection:sero-vaccination
Thereisno sero-vaccinationagainstHepatitisC,buttheriskoftransmission
tothebabyismuchless
AtthedoctorsAtafreevaccinationcenter
Where can you be vaccinated?
— How do you avoid it?
14
The more partners a person has, the higher the risk of contamination
Hepatitis B and C: How are they transmitted?
Throughsexual activity without condoms with a contaminated person:eitherinvolvingthegenitals,theanusorthemouth,betweenmenandwomenorpeopleofthesamesex
TheCvirusisnottransmittedbysexualfluids,butthereisariskifthereiscontact with contaminated blood:eitherduringmenstruation,fromawoundorfromatraumaticsexualexperience
15
— How do you avoid it?
Usemaleorfemalecondoms
Andlubricantthatlimitstheriskofthecontraceptiverupturingortearing
16
Byblood
Bysharingtoiletries(e g razors)thatcouldhavebeenincontactwithblood
During medical treatmentincertaincountries,orinFrancebefore1992:Transfusion,largeoperations,intensivehealthcarewithunsterileequipment
Hepatitis B and C: How are they transmitted?
17
Askfornew, disposable toiletry objects
Useonly personal toiletries
— How do you avoid it?
18
Bysharing materials related to drug usage:syringes,cotton,filters,spoons,straws,crackpipes…
Hepatitis B and C: How are they transmitted?
By blood
Whengettingtattoos, piercings or scarifications…
withpreviouslyusedmaterials:needles,ink,jewelry…
19
Gotoaprofessionalwhousessterilematerials
— How do you avoid it?
Ifyou’regoingtousedrugs,useONLYnew materialsanddo not share!
20
There is a small risk of transmission of Hepatitis B through French kissing
There is no risk of transmission
21
22
ForHepatitisB,thetreatmentdoesn’tcurethediseasebutitstopsthevirusfrommultiplying:itallowsyoutohaveanormallife
Whenyouaresick,itisimportant:
Treatmentsdoexist
And If I have Hepatitis B or C?
Tonot stop the treatmentduringtheprescriptiondurationTosee a doctor regularlyandtotakecontroltestsTospeakaboutitwiththosearoundyouandtoget helpifyouneedit
23
ForHepatitisC,thetreatmentisabletocurethepatientthemajorityofthetime
Tolimitalcohol,cannabis,tobacco,andweightgainthatcouldaggravatethedisease
24
ThetestspecificallytriestofindoutiftheHepatitisvirusispresent Toreassureyourselfortocareforyourselfbeforeyougettoosickandtoprotectthosearoundyou
How do I know if I have Hepatitis B or C?
Where can I get a screening done?
Classic Screening: abloodtest(2days)
Withadoctor’sprescription,inalaboratoryWithoutprescriptioninananonymousandfreescreeningconsultationcenter(CDAG)Incertainassociations
Get screened/ tested
20 min.
25
ThetestspecificallytriestofindoutiftheHepatitisvirusispresent Toreassureyourselfortocareforyourselfbeforeyougettoosickandtoprotectthosearoundyou
Where can I get a screening done?
* If the test reveals that the virus is present, you must have a full blood test to confirm the result.
Get screened/ tested
Anegativetestdoesn’tprotectyoufrominfection Youcanstillcontractthevirusatalatertimeifyouleadariskylifestyle
Quick Screening: bloodfromafingerprick(20minutes)
!
26
What about other hepatitis viruses?TheyarerarerandlessdangerousYoucouldhaveseveral hepatitis virusessimultaneously,whichincreasestheriskofcomplications
Hepatitis A1.4 million cases/year7,000 deaths/yearRare in France
Food or water contaminated by feces (absence of clean drinking water)
Spontaneous recovery 99%
Fulminant Hepatitis 1%
Prevalence and Mortality in the world
Transmission
Evolution
Prevention
Treatment
27
Hepatitis D
TheyarerarerandlessdangerousYoucouldhaveseveral hepatitis virusessimultaneously,whichincreasestheriskofcomplications
Hepatitis E
Recovery 99%Recovery 20%
Fulminant Hepatitis 1%Chronic Hepatitis 80%
20 million cases/year70,000 deaths/yearVery rare in France
Contracted at the same time or shortly after Hepatitis BThe D virus uses the B virus to multiply itself10 million chronic cases
Viande de porc ou cervidé contaminé. Eau et aliments souillés.
Avec le soutien financier de la DGS
Illu
stra
tion
s :
Sha
di M
orsh
ed –
Gra
phis
me
: ca
ract
eris
tic.
fr
Impr
imer
ie N
otre-Dame – Montbonnot
Papier recyclé – Encres à base
végé
tale
Hepatitis B and C…
It concerns us all
…and us
An
glA
is