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Brain Architecture
Jr / Sr Vet Science
Mrs. Chotkowski
Nervous System
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OKAY……………..Let’s review
• Brain: Three basic units…..
• 1. Forebrain
• 2. Midbrain
• 3. Hindbrain
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Hind Brain• Includes:
• Upper part of brain stem
• Upper part of spinal cord
• Wrinkled ball of tissue called the:
cerebellum (Tree of Life)
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Hind Brain
• Controls:
• Bodily vital functions such as:
respiration and heart rate
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Hind Brain
• Cerebellum:
• Coordinates movement: Ball throwing, playing the piano
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Mid Brain
• Controls some reflex actions:
• Eye movement and other voluntary movement.
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Fore Brain
• The largest and most highly developed part of the human brain. Consists primarily of the cerebrum and the structures beneath it.
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Fore Brain• Cerebrum:• The source of intellectual
activities• Is split into two halves• Signals cross over when they go
to the brain R L
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Cerebrum
• Second largest part of the brain
• Coordinates muscle activity for smooth movement
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Cerebrum
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Cerebellum
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Lobes of the Brain
1. Frontal Lobe:
• Organization, reason, short term storage
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Lobes of the Brain
2. Parietal Lobes:
• Sensory Areas:
• Info @ taste, touch, and movement. (Reading and arithmetic)
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Lobes of the Brain
3. Occipital Lobes:
Process images from the eyes
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Lobes of the Brain
4. Temporal Lobes:
Appreciating music, receives info from the ears, integrating memory such as music, taste, sound, sight and touch.
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Cerebral Cortex
• Gray matter, surface of the brain, the width of three dimes. Vital information processing takes place here.
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Hypothalamus• @ size of a pearl
• Adrenaline
• Emotions
• Secretes: Releasing and inhibiting factors that affect substance release from pituitary
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Hypothalamus
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Thalamus
• Clearinghouse for information going to and from the spinal cord
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Thalamus
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Meninges• Connective tissue, encases the
brain and spinal cord
• 3 layers
• Encloses the CNS
3 layers: Dura mater, Arachnoid and Pia mater
Means durable
Means spider
Means soft and tender
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Meninges
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Olfactory Bulb
• Responsible for an animal’s sense of smell
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Olfactory Bulb
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Pituitary Gland
• Also called hypophysis
• Master gland: it secretes many hormones that control or master other endocrine glands
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Pituitary Gland
• Acts in response to:
Stimuli from the hypothalamus
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Pituitary Gland
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Medulla Oblongata
• Cranial end of the spinal cord
• Controls basic life functions
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Medulla Oblongata
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Spinal Cord
• Continuation of the medulla oblongata
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Spinal Cord
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Brain Stem
• Stalk-like, connects the cerebral hemisphere with the spinal cord:
• Consists of the: Pons, medulla oblongata, mid brain and interbrain
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Brain Stem