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Blockchain and Federated Learning: Protecting and Securing Information
Nii Attoh-Okine, PhD., P. E., F. ASCE
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Introduction
• Rapid advancement of digital Information
• Data explosion
• Data collaboration
• Weakness of Traditional Data Sharing and Storage
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• Using blockchain to create an immutable audit trail for federated models
• Enhancing encryption between nodes and federated model to maintain better privacy-preservation
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Why Blockchain
• Blockchain solves a challenging problem in Data Science of exchanging reliable information over unreliable network on which some of the participants cannot be trusted.
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Blockchain
• A Database encompassing a physical chain of fixed length blocks that can include 1 to N transactions
• Each transaction added to a new block is validated
• When block is completed it is added to the end of existing chain of blocks
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Steps
• And new and undeletable transactions and organize them into blocks
• Cryptographically verify each transaction in the block
• Append the new block to the end of the existing immutable blockchain
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Examples: Smart Contracts
• Finance
• Agriculture
• Health
• Supply Chain
• Smart Cities
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Data Collaboration Definition
Data Collaboration– utilizing data across several institutions for the purposes of creating knowledge or providing services without sharing the data.
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Data Collaboration Taxonomy
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Data Collaboration Architectures
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Privacy and Security of Federated Learning
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BlockFL (Hyesung Kim et al.)
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BlockFL
• Each node and uploads the local model update to its associated miner in
the blockchain network
• Miners exchange and verify all the local model updates
• Miners generates a block where the verified local model updates are
recorded
• The generated block storing the aggregate local model updates is added
to a blockchain.
• Each device computes the global model update from the new block.
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References
1. Blockchained On-Device Federated Learning Hyesung Kim
et al.
2. Blockchain : Bambara, JJ and Allen, PR. McGraw Hill 2018.
3. Risk and Advantages of Federated Learning for Health Care
Data Collaboration. ASCE Journal of Risk and Uncertaity
Mangement. Bogdanova, A; Attoh-Okine, N; and Sakurai, T.
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