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BIRD CONSERVATION IN INDONESIA: Challenges, Constraints and Opportunities
Ani Mardiastuti http:// ani_mardiastuti.staff.ipb.ac.id
Biodiversity Workshop
Burung Indonesia Cisarua, 9 December 2011
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Facts
• Bird as a flagship species
– vs. big mammals, orang utan
• Bird as keystone species
• Birds are everywhere
• Birds are closer to human
‘strategy’
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KERAGAMAN BURUNG
Jenis burung (No. 4 di dunia)
Jenis burung endemik (No.1 di dunia)
Jenis terancam punah secara global (No.1 di dunia)
Jenis yang mendekati kepunahan
Daerah Burung Endemik (11% dari 218 DBE di dunia)
Daerah Penting Burung (17% dari daratan Indonesia, kecuali Papua)
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New Era: Harmonizing Nature and Human
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3E 3P
Harmonizing Nature and Human
• Environmental friendly technology
• Conservation medicine
• EcoHealth
• EcoFriendly
• Biomedicine
• Green chemistry
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Seven Principles of Sustainability Alan AtKisson http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3f7QkHTZxM
1. Think long term
2. Understand system
3. Recognize limits
4. Protect nature
5. Transform business-as-usual
6. Practice fairness
7. Embrace creativity
• Deforestation
• Land use changes
• Priority setting: people vs. biodiversity
• Personal/country integrity: greediness
Problems and Constraints: Political Commitment
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Species Priority: Very High 1. Maleo Sekanwor Macrocephalon maleo
2. Gosong Maluku Eulipoa wallacei
3. Curik Bali Leucopsar rotschildi
4. Seriwang Sangihe Eutrichomyias rowleyi
5. Kuau Kerdil Polypectron spp.
6. Sempidan Lophura spp.
7. Kakatua Cacatua spp.;Probosciger aterrimus
8. Elang Spizaetus bartelsi, S. floris, S. lanceolatus, Ictinaetus malayanus
9. Cenderawasih Paradisea rubra, Paradigalla carunculata, Dyphilodes respublica
10. Rangkong Famili Bucerotidae
11. Nuri dan Perkici Famili Psittacidae
12. Kuau Raja Argusianus argus
From Curiousity to Observation and Research
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Spatial Partition: Vertical Position
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Character Displacement
Metapopulasi: Florida Scrub Jay
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A two-dimensional illustration of a portion of the feeding niche of the blue-gray gnatcatcher
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Human: the ‘intelligent’ creature
Guild Classification
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Ecological Backlash
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1962
• January 2000
• Purwakarta, Citeuruep dan Nusa Tenggara (Bima)
• 3,000 burung terinfeksi anthrax (di Purwakarta saja)
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H5N1:
Insektisides pada Burung: Riset di Sukamandi
• 66,67% Organo-chlor
– BHC, Aldrin, Endosulfan, Dieldrin, DDT, Endrin
• 22.22% Organo-phosphat
– Azodrin, Basudin, Diazinon, Chlorpiriphos
• 11.11% Carbamat
– Furadan, Sevin
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Bird Strike
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Japan’s Shinkansen
Beijing Stadium: Bird Nest