BELLWORK: 2/81. Why was de Gaulle willing to accept Algerian independence?2. Based on the film, The Battle of Algiers, how was guerrilla
warfare waged?3. THINKER: Throughout the entirety of the conflict, both Algeria
and France reported death tolls differently. For example, after the Setif revolt, France reported 1,005 Muslims died, but Algerian nationalists said 40,000-50,000 died. What could account for such large differences in reported deaths? Do you believe one side over the other? Is it possible to get an exact death toll in a war like this? Why or why not?
Barricades Week
Guerilla Warfare • By 1957, FLN evolved into a disciplined fighting force of 40,000
• Used assortment of hunting rifles and discarded French, German, and American weapons
• FLN attacks were aimed at military targets, but also invested in a terror campaign against pro-French & non-Muslim civilians
• Resulted in acts of torture and brutal violence against all, including women and children.
• Specialized in ambushes and night raids and avoiding direct contact with superior French firepower, the internal forces targeted army patrols, military encampments, police posts, and colonial farms, mines, and factories, as well as transportation and communications facilities.
• Kidnapping was commonplace, as were the ritual murder and mutilation of civilians.
• French launched a counter-terror campaign
More than half of FLN troops were organized and stationed in Moroccan and Tunisian sanctuaries
International Support• Why was it vital for the FLN to receive international
support? How did the media play a role in this?• To increase international and domestic French
attention to their struggle, the FLN decided to bring the conflict to the cities
• The Battle of Algiers (September 30, 1956) began when three women, simultaneously placed bombs at three sites
• French Army was instructed to use whatever methods necessary to restore order
• The publicity given to the brutal methods created doubt in France about its role in Algeria. What was originally "pacification" or a "public order operation" had turned into a colonial war accompanied by torture.
• FLN achieved their goal! They received media attention for their cause and international aide.
• French Soldier killing fleeing Algerian while journalists were present
Algerian War Review: 1 vs 100• This game is every student for themselves!!!• On the line…… 10 points of extra credit! • One person will be the contestant and they are playing vs. the rest of the class.• A multiple choice question about the Algerian War will appear on the screen. You have 10
seconds to decide on an answer. All at once, everyone will hold it up.• The contestant must get it right, but everyone in the audience needs to answer correctly too.• Any incorrect answers will be disqualified.• We will play until the contestant either wins/loses.• If the contestant wins, they will get the ex. Cred. If the contestant answers incorrectly, all
other players will divide the 10 points amongst who is left.• Either way, it is in your benefit to answer all questions correctly and independently. • If you are caught helping anyone, both people will be disqualified• Honesty is the best policy! Help me monitor correct answers
Review Game!!!A multiple choice question will appear on the board. As I count down from 5, you need to
decide what the answer is. When I say “ZERO” everyone must hold up their answer at one time
with both hands.
Each wrong answer will eliminate you….last man/woman standing, WINS!
1• Which of the following was NOT a conflict
going on within Algeria?A. Algerian Nationalists vs. French ArmyB. French Government vs. Pieds-NoirsC. FLN vs. French sympathizers (Harkis)
1• Which of the following was NOT a conflict
going on within Algeria?A. Algerian Nationalists vs. French ArmyB. French Government vs. Pieds-NoirsC. FLN vs. French sympathizers (Harkis)
2• What was the official French policy with
regards to control of Algeria?A. Forced assimilation to French culture/politicsB. Segregation of Muslim & French populationsC. Provide Muslims equal education, but prevent
their participation in politics
2• What was the official French policy with
regards to control of Algeria?A. Forced assimilation to French culture/politicsB. Segregation of Muslim & French populationsC. Provide Muslims equal education, but prevent
their participation in politics
3• How was Algeria involved in the French
government?A. They were allowed to vote but not hold public officeB. Allowed direct political representation, although
implementation was corruptC. Not allowed any political involvement and were
required to follow all French policies
3• How was Algeria involved in the French
government?A. They were allowed to vote but not hold public officeB. Allowed direct political representation, although
implementation was corruptC. Not allowed any political involvement and were
required to follow all French policies
4• Moderate Algerian leader and representative of
Muslim political activists. Wrote the “Manifesto of the Algerian people” which condemned colonization.A. Ben BellaB. Fehrat AbbasC. Jacques Soustelle
4• Algerian leader and representative of Muslim
political activists. Wrote the “Manifesto of the Algerian people” which condemned colonization.A. Ben BellaB. Fehrat AbbasC. Jacques Soustelle
5• Which of the following statements is TRUE
regarding the Setif Revolt?A. Began in response to V-E DayB. French Nationalists hung radical banners, which
prompted response by the FLNC. FLN seized control of French Algiers
5• Which of the following statements is TRUE
regarding the Setif Revolt?A. Began in response to V-E DayB. French Nationalists hung radical banners, which
prompted response by the FLNC. FLN seized control of French Algiers
6• De Gaulle organized the Brazzaville Conference &
promised a “new French community.” What changes did France propose to their control of Algeria after this conference?A. Acknowledged that decolonization would be a gradual
processB. Allowed Muslims to worship freelyC. Allowed Muslims to vote
6• De Gaulle organized the Brazzaville Conference &
promised a “new French community.” What changes did France propose to their control of Algeria after this conference?A. Acknowledged that decolonization would be a gradual
processB. Allowed Muslims to worship freelyC. Allowed Muslims to vote
7• Who were the two revolutionary leaders of
the FLN?A. Ben Bella & Jacques SoustelleB. Jacques Massu & Fehrat AbbasC. Ben Bella & Fehrat Abbas
7• Who were the two revolutionary leaders of
the FLN?A. Ben Bella & Jacques SoustelleB. Jacques Massu & Fehrat AbbasC. Ben Bella & Fehrat Abbas
8• What was a key aspect to French military
tactics?A. HelicoptersB. Chemical WeaponsC. Urban Guerrilla Tactics
8• What was a key aspect to French military
tactics?A. HelicoptersB. Chemical WeaponsC. Urban Guerrilla Tactics
9• Why did the FLN use guerilla warfare?
A. The U.S, their main ally, encouraged it B. Terrain was densely forested and easy to hide
troop movements C. They lacked military equipment & money
9• Why did the FLN use guerilla warfare?
A. The U.S, their main ally, encouraged it B. Terrain was densely forested and easy to hide
troop movements C. They lacked military equipment & money
10• The French Army purposely targeted civilians with its
policy of “collective responsibility.” What did this mean?A. All Muslim civilians were responsible for guerilla attacksB. All pro-FLN civilians would be targeted, not just those
who launched attacksC. All Harki villages that supported the FLN would be
destroyed, even if there was no direct participation in attacks
10• The French Army purposely targeted civilians with its
policy of “collective responsibility.” What did this mean?A. All Muslim civilians were responsible for guerilla attacksB. All pro-FLN civilians would be targeted, not just those
who launched attacksC. All Harki villages that supported the FLN would be
destroyed, even if there was no direct participation in attacks
11• Which of the following statements is FALSE
regarding torture during the Algerian War?A. Caused French citizens to demand changeB. Following the war, the French army was held
responsible for their war crimesC. The French responded by retaliating with torture
to discourage support for the FLN
11• Which of the following statements is FALSE
regarding torture during the Algerian War?A. Caused French citizens to demand changeB. Following the war, the French army was held
responsible for their war crimesC. The French responded by retaliating with torture
to discourage support for the FLN
12• Pressure from the _________ eventually caused
the UN to discuss the Algerian situation and encourage France to change its Algerian policy. A. Arab LeagueB. United StatesC. Communist bloc
12• Pressure from the _________ eventually caused
the UN to discuss the Algerian situation and encourage France to change its Algerian policy. A. Arab LeagueB. United StatesC. Communist bloc
13• Why did the FLN decide to move their guerrilla
actions into the cities, like in the Battle of Algiers?A. To increase the colon death tollB. To increase Muslim support of independenceC. To increase international attention
13• Why did the FLN decide to move their guerilla
actions into the cities, like in the Battle of Algiers?A. To increase the colon death tollB. To increase Muslim support of independenceC. To increase international attention
14• Which of the following was NOT an effect of the
Battle of Algiers?A. Allowed the FLN to form their provisional government -
headquarters in Algiers & Bella as PMB. Although the FLN lost militarily, it increased their
popularity and political strengthC. Led to political crisis in France and declining support of
the French government
14• Which of the following was NOT an effect of the
Battle of Algiers?A. Allowed the FLN to form their provisional government -
headquarters in Algiers & Bella as PMB. Although the FLN lost militarily, it increased their
popularity and political strengthC. Led to political crisis in France and declining support of
the French government
15• How did the Algerian War change when De Gaulle was
appointed as the leader of France after the fall of the Fourth Republic?A. Realized the only solution was full independence for
AlgeriaB. He increased French control over citiesC. He understood that guerilla warfare had to end no matter
the consequences = increased torture
15• How did the Algerian War change when De Gaulle was
appointed as the leader of France after the fall of the Fourth Republic?A. Realized the only solution was full independence for
AlgeriaB. He increased French control over citiesC. He understood that guerilla warfare had to end no matter
the consequences = increased torture
16• Why were there hostilities between the French army
and De Gaulle during Barricades Week?A. De Gaulle ordered the construction of barriers and
continued oppression of Muslims which the military did not support
B. De Gaulle favored Muslims and the army favored the colons C. De Gaulle was clear that his plan meant independence,
which the army refused to accept
16• Why were there hostilities between the French army
and De Gaulle during Barricades Week?A. De Gaulle ordered the construction of barriers and
continued oppression of Muslims which the military did not support
B. De Gaulle favored Muslims and the army favored the colons C. De Gaulle was clear that his plan meant independence,
which the army refused to accept
17• Which of the following was NOT a decision
reached at the Evian Peace Talks?A. French citizens in Algeria would remain citizens of
France for three yearsB. French army would gradually withdrawal forces
from AlgeriaC. France maintained control of Sahara and oil fields
17• Which of the following was NOT a decision
reached at the Evian Peace Talks?A. French citizens in Algeria would remain citizens of
France for three yearsB. French army would gradually withdrawal forces
from AlgeriaC. France maintained control of Sahara and oil fields
18• Which of the following was NOT an effect of
the Algerian War for Algeria?A. Abbas becomes leader, establishes a one-party
state, and expels Bella from the FLNB. There is no political stability and decades of civil
war follow Algerian independenceC. Rise of Islamic radicalism
18• Which of the following was NOT an effect of
the Algerian War for Algeria?A. Abbas becomes leader, establishes a one-party
state, and expels Bella from the FLNB. There is no political stability and decades of civil
war follow Algerian independenceC. Rise of Islamic radicalism
19• How did the exodus of colons impact the
Algerian economy?A. Created a profitable trade relationship between
French and Algerian citizensB. Left a void in business and the economy declinedC. Once in France, the colons refused to purchase
Algerian oil which led to an economic decline
19• How did the exodus of colons impact the
Algerian economy?A. Created a profitable trade relationship between
French and Algerian citizensB. Left a void in business and the economy declinedC. Once in France, the colons refused to purchase
Algerian oil which led to an economic decline
20• Which of the following was NOT an effect of the
Algerian War for France?A. Became the only colonial war that changed the
government of a European powerB. France invested in Algerian industries, like miningC. Due to the high cost of war, France’s economy took
decades to recover = decreasing popularity of De Gaulle
20• Which of the following was NOT an effect of the
Algerian War for France?A. Became the only colonial war that changed the
government of a European powerB. France invested in Algerian industries, like miningC. Due to the high cost of war, France’s economy took
decades to recover = decreasing popularity of De Gaulle
TIE BREAKER!!!• According to the French government, how
many French people died during the Algerian War? (Closest guess wins!!!)
TIE BREAKER!!!• According to the French government, how
many French people died during the Algerian War? (Closest guess wins!!!)
• 17,456
REVIEW: Effects of Algerian WarAlgeria France