Download - BellringerFebruary 16, 2012
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BellringerFebruary 16, 2012 Grab your clicker
Take out something to write with
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CHAPTER 14,
SECTION 1:EARLY JAPAN
February 16, 2012
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Objectives Today, we will
learning about the geography of
Japan, and Japan’s influence on China.
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Japan’s Geography Chain of islands
Isolated from rest of Asia
*4 Largest: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu
*Like CHINA, Japan is covered by mountainsEarthquake prone
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Japan’s Geography *20% of land is
farmable
*Made living on and from the sea
*Fiercely independent society
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First Settlers *30,000 – 10,000
BC – Japan’s earliest settlers arrive.
*Jomon – “cord marks”, earliest group, made living from fishing
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First Settlers *Yayoi – introduced
Farming to Japan, prob. learned skills from CHINESE and Koreans
Yayoi: *Paddy – a rice field that is flooded when rice is planted & drained for the harvest.
Yayoi: *Clan – Yayoi were organized into clans.
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First Settlers Yayoi: *Warrior
Chiefs – Protected the ppl in return for a share of the rice harvest each yr.
Yayoi: *Tombs – Kofun = Yayoi tombs
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First Settlers Creation Myth
*Drops of Japan*Amaterasu ruled the
Earth*Susanowo the storm
god
Symbols of leadership: *Mirror, Jewel, & a Great Sword
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First Settlers A.D. 500s – *Yamato,
a family clan, b/c ruler of Japan
*Yamato believe to be Amaterasu of descendants
*Jimmu, a Yamato leader, b/c “emperor of heaven.”
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First Settlers *Jimmu, a Yamato
leader, b/c “emperor of heaven.”
Claimed the right to rule
*Akihito, present day emperor, is one of Jimmu descendants.
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First Settlers Began promoting the
adoption of CHINESE culture (sent officials to study in China):
Confucianism. Language (kanji
characters). Buddhist sects. Chinese art &
architecture. Government structure.
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Prince Shotoku’s Reforms *Shotoku – a
Yamato prince, wanted a strong gov’t
*Shotoku looked to China for an ex. of a strong country
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Prince Shotoku’s Reforms *Shotoku created a
constitution to achieve a strong gov’t
Shotoku’s Cons:*Gave all power to the
emperor*Created a
bureaucracy*Contained Confucius
ideas
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Prince Shotoku’s Reforms Shotoku sent students
to China to learn.
*Buddhism – Shotoku built Buddhist temples & monasteries
*Horyuji – Japan’s oldest temple & the world’s oldest surviving wooden building
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Prince Shotoku’s Reforms *Taika – “Great
Change” *Divided Japan into
provinces with rulers reporting to the emperor
*All land under the emperor’s control
*Tax – Gov’t officials could only collect taxes for the emperor (crops)
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Shinto *Shinto- “way of the
spirits”
*Animism- believe that all natural things (mountains, water, etc.) have spirits.
*Kami- nature spirits
*Shrines- holy places were spirits are worshiped.
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Shinto There are "Four Affirmations” in Shinto:
Tradition and the family: Their main celebrations relate to birth and marriage.
Love of nature: Nature is sacred; to be in contact with nature is to be close to the Gods.
Physical cleanliness: Followers of Shinto take baths, wash their hands, and rinse out their mouth often.
"Matsuri": The worship and honor given to the Kami and ancestral spirits.
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Homework