Download - Bearings, Lubricants and Couplings
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Bearings, Lubricants and Couplings
Chapter 16
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Bearings
Used to reduce friction between two surfaces
Different designs to accommodate rotational or linear motion
Different designs for different load directions
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Bearing Loads
Radial Load Load acting perpendicular to the axis
of the shaft
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Thrust Load Load parallel to the axis of the shaft
Combination Load Both radial and thrust loads applied
to the bearing
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2 categories of bearings
Plain bearings Rolling element bearings
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Plain Bearings
Operation is based on sliding action between 2 parts
Bearing will have a press fit into the housing and a clearance fit to the shaft
No moving parts Also called sleeve bearings, journal
bearings and bushings
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Plain bearing materials
Bronze-needs to be lubricated Phosphor bronze-oil impregnated Various plastics
These materials allow low friction movement
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Rolling Element Bearings Have moving parts to reduce friction Several types
Ball Bearings Most common High speed applications
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Roller Bearings Cylindrical roller element Higher load capacity, lower speeds Several styles
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Bearing Symbols
Bearings are purchased parts Different symbols used depending on
drawing type Schematic symbols used for machine
layout drawings
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3D models of products using bearings can use a simplified 3D model of any bearings in the product
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Machine Layout Drawing
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Lubrication
Roller bearings require lubrication Too much can result in high temps
and bearing failure Too little and friction will cause heat
and failureLubricants Oil-slippery hydrocarbon liquids Grease-semisolid, a fluid lubricant
with a thickening agent
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Assets of Oil Easy to control
volume Travels well Carry away heat Carry away
products of wear
Assets of Grease Stays put Less
maintenance Seals out
moisture
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Couplings
Devices used to join two shafts together
3 categories
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1. Solid Couplings
Used only when driving and driven shafts are mounted to a solid base (can’t move around)
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2. Flexible Couplings
Compensate for unintentional misalignment
Prevent shock from being transferred between the shafts
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3. Universal Couplings
Used when shafts are at an angle to each other (angle can change)
Also called universal joints
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Flexible Shafts
Transmits power at angles and around corners
Helically wound wire designed to transmit rotary motion
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TEST REVIEW Mechanism Linkage Cam Cam follower Bearings Plain bearing Roller bearings Ball bearings Couplings Flexible couplings Universal couplings
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Gear types and orientation of their shafts: Spur Bevel Worm Rack and pinion
Gear train problem Plastic gear advantages (3) Bearing loads list and explain Assets of oil Assets of grease