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BARK CLOTH OF THE PACIFIC
PRESERVING A TRADITIONAL ART
Part II of a research project compiled
By Sheri Majewski
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Commonly known as tapa, bark cloth is found throughout the Pacific Islands.
The shared techniques and processes are evidence of vibrant cultural
diffusion and historical relationships
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RAW MATERIALS USED •-Paper Mulberry Tree (Broussonetia papyrifera)•-Sometimes also breadfruit or ficus tree bark•-Natural pigment dyes
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BASIC TOOLS USED
-SHARP CUTTING SHELLS-WOODEN CLUBS-WOODEN ANVIL-STONES-WATER
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BASIC PROCESS
-Separate inner bark from outer bark
-Cut inner bark into strips
-Soak strips in water to prepare for pounding
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BASIC TECHNIQUE
3 Types of Clubs: -rounded and
smooth-square and
grooved-carved with a
special signature mark
Clubs are used to pound, flatten, and widen bark strips into cloth
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STRIPS ARE SOAKED, POUNDED PAPER THIN AND WIDE
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2 METHODS ARE USED TO JOIN STRIPS & LENGTHEN CLOTH
1) PASTING 2) PASTE AND
POUND TO JOIN STRIPS TO MAKE A STIFF CLOTH
2) FELTING3) OVERLAP
AND POUND TO JOIN STRIPS TO MAKE A SOFT CLOTH
Western Islands Eastern Islands
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TAPA DESIGN Natural dyes Hand painting Block prints Leaf prints Stencils Designs from nature Designs from family origins –
genealogy Designs from cultural stories or
news
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Designs of the West
PAPUA NEW GUINEA IRIAN JAYA
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Designs of the East
FIJI TONGA SAMOA
UVEA TAHITI MARQUESAS HAWAI’I
NIUE
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TONGAN TAPA is NGATU
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TONGAN NGATU DESIGN PRINTING BLOCK - KUPESI
COCONUT MIDRIB SEWN ONTO LEAVES
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TONGAN NGATU DESIGNKUPESI PRINT RUBBING WITH HAND PAINTED
OVERLAY
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SAMOAN TAPA is SIAPO
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SAMOAN SIAPO Carved Wood Printing Blocks – UPETI
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SAMOAN SIAPO DESIGNUPETI - PRINTING BLOCKS
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SAMOAN SIAPO DESIGNH A N D PA I N T I N G
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FIJIAN TAPA is MASI
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FIJIAN MASISTENCIL DESIGN
TECHNIQUE
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SOCIETY ISLANDS TAPA is AHU
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SOCIET Y ISLANDS TAPA TAHITIAN Leaf Print DESIGNS
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HAWAIIAN TAPA is KAPA
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HAWAIIAN KAPA DESIGN ‘OHE KAPALA ( bamboo stamps)
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HAWAIIAN KAPA DESIGN ‘OHE KAPALA
CARVED BAMBOO STAMPING TOOLS