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Atomic beta decayby electron capture
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Atomic beta decayby electron capture
The e-neutrino mass(es)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Atomic beta decayby electron capture
The e-neutrino mass(es)x Maurizio Lusignoli
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Atomic beta decayby electron capture
The e-neutrino mass(es)x Maurizio Lusignoli
Calorimetric measurements
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Atomic beta decayby electron capture
Progress: Galeazzi et al., Ranitsch et al., Gastaldi et al. ... &
talks by Koester, Lahiri, Rabin, Engle ...
The e-neutrino mass(es)x Maurizio Lusignoli
Calorimetric measurements
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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. . .
2S
2S
2P
p n⌫
Z (Z � 1)1S
e
1S
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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�IBEC
. . .
2S
2S
2P
p n⌫
Z (Z � 1)1S
e
1S
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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. . .
2S
2S
2P
p n⌫
Z (Z � 1)1S
e
1S
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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. . .
2S
2S
2P
p n⌫
Z (Z � 1)1S
e
(Z � 1)1P
�X
2P
1S
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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. . .
2S
2S
2P
p n⌫
Z (Z � 1)1S
e
(Z � 1)1P
�X
2P
1S
�IBEC
⌫
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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. . .
2S
2S
2P
p n⌫
Z (Z � 1)1S
e
(Z � 1)1P
�X
2P
Z ! (Z � 1)1P + �(k) + ⌫(E⌫)
Same initial and final statesQM: the same (Feynman 1949)
2P
1S
�IBEC
⌫
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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IBEC: Internal Bremsstrahlung in Electron Capture
e.g. Z ! (Z � 1)1P + �(k) + ⌫(E⌫)2P
2PTuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Q ⌘ M(Z)�M(Z � 1)HOLE
IBEC: Internal Bremsstrahlung in Electron Capture
e.g. Z ! (Z � 1)1P + �(k) + ⌫(E⌫)2P
2PTuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Q ⌘ M(Z)�M(Z � 1)HOLE
IBEC: Internal Bremsstrahlung in Electron Capture
e.g. Z ! (Z � 1)1P + �(k) + ⌫(E⌫)2P
2P
kmax
(1P) = Q� E(1P)�m⌫2P 2P
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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d!
dk|k⇠k
max
/ k (k � kmax
)p(k � k
max
)2 �m2
⌫
Q ⌘ M(Z)�M(Z � 1)HOLE
IBEC: Internal Bremsstrahlung in Electron Capture
e.g. Z ! (Z � 1)1P + �(k) + ⌫(E⌫)2P
2P
kmax
(1P) = Q� E(1P)�m⌫2P 2P
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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d!
dk|k⇠k
max
/ k (k � kmax
)p(k � k
max
)2 �m2
⌫
Q ⌘ M(Z)�M(Z � 1)HOLE
IBEC: Internal Bremsstrahlung in Electron Capture
e.g. Z ! (Z � 1)1P + �(k) + ⌫(E⌫)2P
2P
kmax
(1P) = Q� E(1P)�m⌫2P 2P
k2e ! k� : IR DIVTuesday, 05 February, 2013
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0 50 100 150 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
55Fe
1S
2S
2P
d!/d
k
k(keV)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Glauber &Martin (58)
0 50 100 150 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
55Fe
1S
2S
2P
d!/d
k
k(keV)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Glauber &Martin (58)
ADR (80)
0 50 100 150 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
55Fe
1S
2S
2P
d!/d
k
k(keV)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Glauber &Martin (58)
ADR (80)
0 50 100 150 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
55Fe
1S
2S
2P
d!/d
k
k(keV)
Low Q: Gigantic enhancement,good fraction of events ~ endpoint
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Glauber &Martin (58)
ADR (80)
0 50 100 150 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
55Fe
1S
2S
2P
d!/d
k
k(keV)
16367Ho
19378PtLow Q: Gigantic enhancement,
good fraction of events ~ endpointTuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Glauber &Martin (58)
ADR (80)
0 50 100 150 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
55Fe
1S
2S
2P
d!/d
k
k(keV)
16367Ho
19378Pt
19378Pt
205 210 215 220 2250
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
pd!
/kdk 2P
3P
Low Q: Gigantic enhancement,good fraction of events ~ endpoint
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Glauber &Martin (58)
ADR (80)
0 50 100 150 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
55Fe
1S
2S
2P
d!/d
k
k(keV)
m⌫ 6= 0
16367Ho
19378Pt
19378Pt
205 210 215 220 2250
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
pd!
/kdk 2P
3P
Low Q: Gigantic enhancement,good fraction of events ~ endpoint
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Glauber &Martin (58)
ADR (80)
0 50 100 150 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
55Fe
1S
2S
2P
d!/d
k
k(keV) Need X-ray coincidenceto tell the HOLE !
TOUGH NOODLES
m⌫ 6= 0
16367Ho
19378Pt
19378Pt
205 210 215 220 2250
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
pd!
/kdk 2P
3P
Low Q: Gigantic enhancement,good fraction of events ~ endpoint
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Solution: Calorimetry
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Solution: CalorimetryIn a calorimetric measurement all
endpoints of all decay channels coincide
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Solution: CalorimetryIn a calorimetric measurement all
endpoints of all decay channels coincide
This includes all photon- or electron-emission atomic de-excitations (EEEC)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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n2
n1
Auger
Solution: CalorimetryIn a calorimetric measurement all
endpoints of all decay channels coincide
This includes all photon- or electron-emission atomic de-excitations (EEEC)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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n2
n1
Auger
n1n1
Coster-Kronig
Solution: CalorimetryIn a calorimetric measurement all
endpoints of all decay channels coincide
This includes all photon- or electron-emission atomic de-excitations (EEEC)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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n2
n1
Auger
n1n1
Coster-Kronig
n1n1
n1
Super-Coster-Kronig
Solution: CalorimetryIn a calorimetric measurement all
endpoints of all decay channels coincide
This includes all photon- or electron-emission atomic de-excitations (EEEC)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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n2
n1
Auger
n1n1
Coster-Kronig
n1n1
n1
Super-Coster-Kronig
Solution: CalorimetryIn a calorimetric measurement all
endpoints of all decay channels coincide
This includes all photon- or electron-emission atomic de-excitations (EEEC)
ADR 1980Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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n2
n1
Auger
n1n1
Coster-Kronig
n1n1
n1
Super-Coster-Kronig
Solution: CalorimetryIn a calorimetric measurement all
endpoints of all decay channels coincide
This includes all photon- or electron-emission atomic de-excitations (EEEC)
ADR 1980 But: Fiorini ....Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Z
⌫
(Z � 1)H
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Z
⌫
(Z � 1)H
Ec
Z � 1
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Z
⌫
(Z � 1)H
Ec
Z � 1
Q = M[det.,before] - M[det.,after](Chem. pure detector)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Z
⌫
(Z � 1)H
Ec
Z � 1
Q = E⌫ + Ec
Q = M[det.,before] - M[det.,after](Chem. pure detector)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Z
⌫
(Z � 1)H
Ec
Z � 1
Q = E⌫ + Ec
No matter whatstate H was !!!!
Q = M[det.,before] - M[det.,after](Chem. pure detector)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Z
⌫
(Z � 1)H
Ec
Z � 1
Q = E⌫ + Ec
dW
dEc= � dW
dE⌫|E⌫=Q�Ec
No matter whatstate H was !!!!
Q = M[det.,before] - M[det.,after](Chem. pure detector)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Z
⌫
(Z � 1)H
Ec
Z � 1
Q = E⌫ + Ec
dW
dEc= � dW
dE⌫|E⌫=Q�Ec
} No matter whatstate H was !!!!
Q = M[det.,before] - M[det.,after](Chem. pure detector)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Z, A Z-1, A
e
Z (Z � 1)H
⌫H
“Effective” calorimetric theory, Lusignoli & me (1982)
Z
⌫
(Z � 1)H
Ec
Z � 1
Q = E⌫ + Ec
dW
dEc= � dW
dE⌫|E⌫=Q�Ec
}dW
dEc/ (Q� Ec)
p(Q� Ec)2 �m2
⌫
X
H
'2H(0) �
H
(Ec � EH)2 + �2
H/4
No matter whatstate H was !!!!
Q = M[det.,before] - M[det.,after](Chem. pure detector)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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M
N
N
M
MM
O
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M
N
N
M
MM
O Q = 2.58 keV
�Ec(FWHM)
= 100 eV
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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M
N
N
M
MM
O Q = 2.58 keV
�Ec(FWHM)
= 100 eV 1982 !!
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M
N
N
M
MM
O Q = 2.58 keV
�Ec(FWHM)
= 100 eV 1982 !!End-point
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M
N
N
M
MM
O Q = 2.58 keV
�Ec(FWHM)
= 100 eV
Q = 2.58 keV
Q = 2.30 keV
1982 !!End-point
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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M
N
N
M
MM
O Q = 2.58 keV
�Ec(FWHM)
= 100 eV
Q = 2.58 keV
Q = 2.30 keV
Peak-hight ratiosQ-value
1982 !!End-point
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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16367Ho Q = 2.3 to 2.8 keV
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16367Ho Q = 2.3 to 2.8 keV
Q = 2.58± 0.10 keV; T1/2 = (7± 2) 103 y
Q = 2.30± 0.15 keV; T1/2 = 900+500
�200y
Anderson et al. 1982
Yasumi et al. 1982
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16367Ho Q = 2.3 to 2.8 keV
Q = 2.58± 0.10 keV; T1/2 = (7± 2) 103 y
Q = 2.30± 0.15 keV; T1/2 = 900+500
�200y
Anderson et al. 1982
Yasumi et al. 1982
K(n = 1), L(n = 2)Capture forbidden
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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16367Ho Q = 2.3 to 2.8 keV
Q = 2.58± 0.10 keV; T1/2 = (7± 2) 103 y
Q = 2.30± 0.15 keV; T1/2 = 900+500
�200y
Anderson et al. 1982
Yasumi et al. 1982
K(n = 1), L(n = 2)Capture forbidden
M1 (3S1/2), M2 (3P1/2)N1 (4S1/2), N2 (4P1/2)
etc allowedTuesday, 05 February, 2013
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16367Ho Q = 2.3 to 2.8 keV
Q = 2.58± 0.10 keV; T1/2 = (7± 2) 103 y
Q = 2.30± 0.15 keV; T1/2 = 900+500
�200y
Anderson et al. 1982
Yasumi et al. 1982
K(n = 1), L(n = 2)Capture forbidden
M1 (3S1/2), M2 (3P1/2)N1 (4S1/2), N2 (4P1/2)
etc allowed [keV]cE
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
]-1
[k
eV
c/d
E!
d!
1/
-310
-210
-110
1
10
210
M1
M2
N1
N2
O Galeazzi et al. 2012Q = 2.5 keV
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Bennett et al. 1981163Ho
X-ray
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163HoGatti et al.1997
Bennett et al. 1981163Ho
X-ray
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163HoGatti et al.1997
163Ho
144Pm
Gastaldo et al. 2012
Bennett et al. 1981163Ho
X-ray
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163HoGatti et al.1997
163Ho
144Pm
Gastaldo et al. 2012
Bennett et al. 1981163Ho
X-ray
Talks aplentyat -Mass 2013⌫
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Pile-up Spectrum: 2 events in same time gate
Ec in keV
ADR & Lusignoli 1982
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Pile-up Spectrum: 2 events in same time gate
Ec in keV
Measurable: artificially varying time gate
ADR & Lusignoli 1982
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Pile-up Spectrum: 2 events in same time gate
Ec in keV
Measurable: artificially varying time gateCurable: Multiple micro-bolometers
Galeazzi et al., Ranitsch et al. & Gastaldi et al.
ADR & Lusignoli 1982
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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DOUBLE Electron Capture
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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DOUBLE Electron Capture
Winter 1955Georgi, Glashow & Nussinov 1981: Resonant.
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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DOUBLE Electron Capture
Winter 1955Georgi, Glashow & Nussinov 1981: Resonant.
Bernabeu, ADR & Jarlskog 1983
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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DOUBLE Electron Capture
Winter 1955Georgi, Glashow & Nussinov 1981: Resonant.
Bernabeu, ADR & Jarlskog 1983Effective Theory of resonant ee-Capture
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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* Excited NucleusH, H’ e-Holes
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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MixingG2F
* Excited NucleusH, H’ e-Holes
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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K0 ! K̄0
MixingG2F
* Excited NucleusH, H’ e-Holes
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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K0 ! K̄0
MixingG2F
SmallResonantEnhancement
�M
* Excited NucleusH, H’ e-Holes
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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K0 ! K̄0
MixingG2F
SmallResonantEnhancement
�M
* Excited NucleusH, H’ e-Holes
� ⌘ �M= Q� E
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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K0 ! K̄0
MixingG2F
SmallResonantEnhancement
�M
* Excited NucleusH, H’ e-Holes
Signatures: HH’ de-excitationE* gamma-ray(s)
� ⌘ �M= Q� E
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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K0 ! K̄0
MixingG2F
SmallResonantEnhancement
�M
* Excited NucleusH, H’ e-Holes
Phase space:suppressed2 ⌫
Signatures: HH’ de-excitationE* gamma-ray(s)
� ⌘ �M= Q� E
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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BDJ
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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110Sn
BDJ
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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110Sn
BDJ
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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110Sn
BDJ
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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110Sn
152Gd
BDJ
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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110Sn
152Gd
BDJ
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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110Sn
152Gd
BDJ
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Eliseev et al. 2011, 2012152Gd
� =
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Eliseev et al. 2011, 2012152Gd
0.91± 0.18 keV4± 4 keV !
� =
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Eliseev et al. 2011, 2012152Gd
0.91± 0.18 keV4± 4 keV !
� =
REF =�2h
�2 + �22h
/ 54Fe
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Eliseev et al. 2011, 2012152Gd
Calorimetry ?Monochromatic, No backgr.2 ⌫
0.91± 0.18 keV4± 4 keV !
� =
REF =�2h
�2 + �22h
/ 54Fe
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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Eliseev et al. 2011, 2012152Gd
Calorimetry ?Monochromatic, No backgr.2 ⌫
0.91± 0.18 keV4± 4 keV !
⌧ ⇠ 1026 y1 eV2
hm⌫i2� =
REF =�2h
�2 + �22h
/ 54Fe
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics�m2
ij , ✓ij, �?
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics�m2
ij , ✓ij, �?
E(CRs), h(atms); ⇢(atms), ⌧(µ)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics�m2
ij , ✓ij, �?
E(CRs), h(atms); ⇢(atms), ⌧(µ)
R�, ⇢�, R⌦, ⇢⌦
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics�m2
ij , ✓ij, �?
E(CRs), h(atms); ⇢(atms), ⌧(µ)
R�, ⇢�, R⌦, ⇢⌦ 9 Reactors
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics
EC measurements of e-neutrino “mass” ??
�m2ij , ✓ij, �?
E(CRs), h(atms); ⇢(atms), ⌧(µ)
R�, ⇢�, R⌦, ⇢⌦ 9 Reactors
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
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3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics
EC measurements of e-neutrino “mass” ??(Gregers Hansen)
�m2ij , ✓ij, �?
E(CRs), h(atms); ⇢(atms), ⌧(µ)
R�, ⇢�, R⌦, ⇢⌦ 9 Reactors
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
![Page 92: Atomic beta decay by electron captureartico.mib.infn.it/numass2013/images/slides/NeutrinoMass2013PDF... · Atomic beta decay by electron capture Progress: Galeazzi et al., Ranitsch](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060808/608ce08cc0b4e24d3221635b/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics
EC measurements of e-neutrino “mass” ??(Gregers Hansen)
Cosmology VX
i
mi = O(1) eV
�m2ij , ✓ij, �?
E(CRs), h(atms); ⇢(atms), ⌧(µ)
R�, ⇢�, R⌦, ⇢⌦ 9 Reactors
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
![Page 93: Atomic beta decay by electron captureartico.mib.infn.it/numass2013/images/slides/NeutrinoMass2013PDF... · Atomic beta decay by electron capture Progress: Galeazzi et al., Ranitsch](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060808/608ce08cc0b4e24d3221635b/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics
EC measurements of e-neutrino “mass” ??(Gregers Hansen)
Cosmology VX
i
mi = O(1) eV
�m2ij , ✓ij, �?
E(CRs), h(atms); ⇢(atms), ⌧(µ)
R�, ⇢�, R⌦, ⇢⌦ 9 Reactors
MassesDegenerate
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
![Page 94: Atomic beta decay by electron captureartico.mib.infn.it/numass2013/images/slides/NeutrinoMass2013PDF... · Atomic beta decay by electron capture Progress: Galeazzi et al., Ranitsch](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060808/608ce08cc0b4e24d3221635b/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
3 |||Parameters of our universe chosen
⌫ Physics
EC measurements of e-neutrino “mass” ??(Gregers Hansen)
Cosmology VX
i
mi = O(1) eV
9 Hope for m(⌫e) experiments
�m2ij , ✓ij, �?
E(CRs), h(atms); ⇢(atms), ⌧(µ)
R�, ⇢�, R⌦, ⇢⌦ 9 Reactors
MassesDegenerate
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
![Page 95: Atomic beta decay by electron captureartico.mib.infn.it/numass2013/images/slides/NeutrinoMass2013PDF... · Atomic beta decay by electron capture Progress: Galeazzi et al., Ranitsch](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060808/608ce08cc0b4e24d3221635b/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013
![Page 96: Atomic beta decay by electron captureartico.mib.infn.it/numass2013/images/slides/NeutrinoMass2013PDF... · Atomic beta decay by electron capture Progress: Galeazzi et al., Ranitsch](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060808/608ce08cc0b4e24d3221635b/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Tuesday, 05 February, 2013