Download - Anne power the cooperative instinct
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How does the co-operative instinct emerge in low-income communities?
Anne Power
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A little personal history
• Tanzania, US, Holloway• Defining co-operation• Pooling resources to maximise
shared gains• Solidarity and reciprocity
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Human survival depends on co-operation
• Evidence from pre-historic times• We have moved far into complex,
competitive, unequal groups• So are co-operative models
relevant today?
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Pre-historic co-operation
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Bottom-up, member controlled, small scale
Multiple models emerge in:• Complex modern economies with ‘big
government’• Advanced fast changing urban communities• Sophisticated private and public services• Industrial, agricultural service systems• Financial, construction, professions, care.
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Danish co-operatives
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Danish Co-operatives
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Root – Industrial revolution ‘shocks’
• Labour > wealth > shared unequally• Powerlessness among masses• Individuals at bottom group together• Urgency of survival – social protection, distribution of benefits, solidarity.
• Higher-level structures to tackle collective conditions
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Spawns ‘bottom-up’ groupings
• Associations and clubs• Friendly societies• Mutual aid and self-help groups• Co-operative producers, builders, retail• Proliferation of co-operative experiments• Rochdale Pioneers galvanised movement• Leading to ‘bottom-up’ ideas and bodies• Spread world-wide from UK
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Alongside powerful social movements creating
• Public health bodies• Local government• Evangelical ‘chapels’• Trade unions• ‘One man one vote’• Women’s suffrage• Civil rights• Leading to ‘top-down’ systems
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Co-operation advances human condition along many lines
• Pure ‘survival goods’ through collective savings e.g. food
• Sanitary homes at reduced cost through collective building organisations (Spain, Scandinavia)
• Health, unemployment, death insurance (Italy)• Education, learning (Denmark)• Democracy, participation, voice (US Civil Rights)• Savings investment for individuals and common good
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Martin Luther King, Jr. and the US Civil Rights Movement
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Powerful ‘niche organisations’ work alongside government
• Health and social care – Italy, Belgium• Housing – Spain, Scandinavia• Retail – Britain, France, Spain• Industrial production – Spain (Basque)• Architecture and engineering – UK (Arup)• Fisheries (Japan, West Africa)• Savings and insurance – worldwide
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Core principles of co-operation
• Open membership• Democratic control – one member one vote• Distribution of surplus value• Limited interest on capital• Political and religious neutrality• Promotion of education• (no credit – cash trading only)
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Open Membership
One manOne vote
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The ‘divi’ Shared surplus
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Pure good No debt
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Education
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Conditions of success - inspiration
• Pressing, visible problems and acute need• Common cause and unifying idea• Clear targets for action• Small early steps• Trust – clear mutual benefits• Elements of self-interest, reciprocity• Shared gains
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Vision – Mondragon
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Conditions of success - organisation
• Leadership from within• Organising skills and business development• Ideas and access brokers• Ideas and action planning• Financial controls and probity• Ground rules – mediating, resolving conflict• Transparency
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Organisation
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Co-op Group Booming
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Co-operative organisations today
• Tenant co-operative and tenant management organisations
• Play-schemes, Nurseries• Employee owned services - Locke Fyne Oyster Co
& John Lewis• Rapid expansion of Co-op Group since financial
crisis• Mondragon industrial co-operatives
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Deprived Council estates – unlikely co-operative enterprises
• Public landlord problems• Steady revenue stream in rents• Consultation or control• Local knowledge and commitment prevails• Local management and local budgets• Local management saves money and creates jobs• Hands-on learnable skills and training
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Tenant Management Organisations
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Outcomes
• Higher tenant satisfaction• Higher quality service• Managing within budget• Conserving resource• Better environments• Higher rewards for effort• Mutual gains
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Community Fund
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Lessons for government
• Complex public framework of support systems• More essential - remote, complex systems• Community instincts useful and strong • But need to BROKER community self interest• Therefore supporting framework• Distribution of resources• Training and ‘hand-holding’
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Lessons for local authorities
• Mutuals can deliver key services• Profit sharing• Front line v. bureaucratic jobs• New ways of creating social progress• Community energy services• Participatory budgeting• Sustaining motivation• Looking to Europe
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Inspired by example
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Social care-taking in Torino
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Saving birds’ nests King Penguins