Analysis of Associations Between Time Spent in Physical Education and Academic
Achievement* • Nationally representative sample: 5,316 students starting
kindergarten in 1998-99, followed through 5th grade
• PE measure: Low (0-35 mins./week), Medium (36-69), High (70-300)
• AA measure: Mathematics and reading tests designed by experts
• Higher amounts of PE not associated with AA in boys
• A small but significant benefit on both the math and reading tests were observed for girls in the high PE category compared with those in the low PE category
*Carlson SA et al. Am J Pub Health 2008 April
3) Communicate success stories
Key Ingredients of Success Stories
• Identify the problem being addressed and why it’s important.
• Describe what your school or district did to address the problem.
• Document specific changes made in school policies and practices.
• Put a “face” on your success: show how individuals or groups benefited.
• Identify keys to success and next steps.
4) Document impact
YRBSyouth risk behavior survey
The Percentage of High School Students Engaging in the Following Risk Behaviors
Was Lower in 2007 than in the 1990s:• Not wearing seat belts
• Riding with a driver who had been drinking and driving when they had been drinking
• Using cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and inhalants
• Ever having sexual intercourse
• Having sexual intercourse with >4 persons
• Having sexual intercourse before age 13
• Not wearing a condom
Source: CDC, National Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Percentage of High School Students WhoEver Had Sexual Intercourse, 1991–2007
1 Decreased 1991-2007, p < .05
CDC, National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 – 2007
54.1 53.0 53.148.4 49.9 47.846.846.745.6
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
Perc
ent
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* 1991 –
2007
* Smoked cigarettes on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.1 Increased 1991-1997, decreased 1997-2007, p < .05CDC, National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 – 2007
27.5 30.534.8 36.4 34.8
20.023.021.928.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
Perc
ent
Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* 1991 – 2007
* For example, a gun, knife, or club on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.1 Decreased 1991-1999, no change 1999-2007, p < .05
CDC, National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 – 2007
26.122.1 20.0 18.3 17.3 18.018.517.117.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
Perc
ent
Note: Obesity is defined as BMI >= gender- and weight-specific 95th percentile from the 2000 CDC Growth Charts.Source: National Health Examination Surveys II (ages 6-11) and III (ages 12-17), National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I, II, III and 1999-2006, NCHS, CDC.
17
18
Percentage of U.S. Children and Adolescents Who Were Obese, 1963-
2006
Percentage of U.S. Children and Adolescents Who Were Obese, 1963-
2006
0
5
10
15
20
Perc
ent
4
5
1963-65
1966-70
1971-74 1976-80 1988-94 1999-00
2001-02
2003-06
Ages 6-11 Ages 12-19
Compared With U.S. High School Students, Tennessee’s Students Are at Greater Risk for:
TN Students %U.S. Students
%
Being obese 17% 13%
Drinking soda or pop 46% 34%
Current cigarette use 26% 20%
Current smokeless tobacco use 13% 8%
Current sexual activity 40% 35%
Source: National Youth Risk Behavior Survey and Tennessee Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2007
PROFILESschool health
profiles
Percentage of Middle and High Schools That Required Students to Take 2 or More Health
Education Courses — Selected States, 2006
N = 36 participating statesCDC, School Health Profiles
8.1
18.8
34.7
37.4
42.9
43.3
46.4
68.4
24.1
43.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
TENNESSEE
Median
MS
AL
SC
GA
MO
AR
NC
VA
Stat
es
Percentage of middle and high schools
Percentage of Middle and High Schools That Required Students to Take 2 or More Physical
Education Courses — Selected States, 2006
* N = 36 participating statesSource: School Health Profiles, 2006
44.4
14.4
42.9
50.1
54.6
60.1
62.0
83.7
70.6
76.6
0 20 40 60 80 100
Median*
MS
GA
SC
NC
AL
AR
MO
VA
Stat
es
Percentage of middle and high schools
TENNESSEE
Percentage of Middle and High Schools That Prohibited All Tobacco Use in All
Locations* — Selected States, 2006
* Prohibited all tobacco use, including cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, cigars, and pipes, by students, faculty and staff, and visitors in school buildings, on school property, in school buses or other vehicles used to transport students, and at off-campus, school-sponsored events.** N = 36 participating states. Source: School Health Profiles, 2006
30.4
53.8
24.0
43.7
45.3
47.0
56.7
62.2
57.3
57.4
0 20 40 60 80 100
Median**
MO
VA
NC
SC
GA
AL
AR
MS
Stat
es
Percentage of middle and high schools
TENNESSEE
Percentage of Middle and High Schools in Which Students Could Purchase Chocolate Candy from Vending Machines or at the School Store, Canteen, or Snack Bar — Selected
States, 2006
N = 36 participating statesCDC, School Health Profiles
Percentage of middle and high schools
40.3
23.5
32.3
35.0
47.2
50.8
53.9
71.0
56.4
58.4
0 20 40 60 80 100
Median*
AR
AL
NC
VA
MO
GA
SC
MS
Stat
es
TENNESSEE
WHERE ARE WE HEADED?
Reasons for Optimism
• Agenda for action in place
• Growing evidence of effectiveness
• Data systems
• Support from educators and parents
