Download - An LSCC Learning Center Self-Paced Tutorial
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An LSCC Learning Center Self-Paced Tutorial
PARTSOFSPEECH:adjectives, articles, and adverbs
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What are the Parts of Speech?
This is the common term for the various categories of words that make up the English language.
They are:– Nouns Verbs– Pronouns Adverbs– Adjectives Articles– Prepositions Conjunctions– Interjections
The good news is – this is the entire list!
The bad news is - many of these categories have multiple subgroups.
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THE THREE A’S
Today our focus is on the three A’s of speech: – Adjectives– Articles– Adverbs
Let’s look at each one separately and see how they function.
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ADJECTIVES
An adjective describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.
A green shirt
The local playground
A slippery slide
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ADJECTIVES
Adjectives can precede the noun they modify: Beautiful roses grow in my garden.
Adjectives can follow a linking or sensory verb, and these are called predicate adjectives: The roses in my garden are beautiful. The roses in my garden smell beautiful.
Sensory verbs are those dealing with sight, smell, touch, taste and feeling.
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ADJECTIVES
Adjectives tell us:
– How many: Three blind mice
– What kind: A rising sun
– Which one: That new car
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ADJECTIVES
An example of adjective order Article/number A / one Opinion trendy Size big Age new Shape/texture flat / soft Color blue Origin Italian Material leather Purpose hiking Noun jacket
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ADJECTIVES
Commas or not?The test for whether to place a comma between two adjectives is based on adjective order:
If you can reverse the order and still make sense, put a comma:The gooey, sticky candy or The sticky, gooey candy
If you can’t reverse the order, no comma is needed:The three young girls not The young three girls
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ADJECTIVES
Two verb forms can also be adjectives:
Participles usually end in EN, ED or ING. If they are paired with a helping verb, they are always verbs:
– A trip was planned (verb)– A planned trip (adjective)
Infinitives (TO+VERB) may act as adjectives, adverbs or nouns.
– Donating blood is a way to give back to the community.(modifies way)
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ADJECTIVES
There are three degrees of adjectives. These are based on how many things are being considered at one time.
They describe levels, intensity or comparison Big: one item: A big announcement Bigger: two items: Godzilla is bigger than King Kong. Biggest: more than two: The biggest car ever built
The –er form for comparing two things is called the comparative.
The –est form for more than two things is called the superlative.
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ARTICLES
The articles are A, AN, and THE. They are sometimes classed as adjectives because they help define a frame of reference.
A and AN are used with a non-specific reference: A recently passed law (which one?)
"A" is used with words that begin with a consonant. "An" is used with words that begin with a vowel.
THE points to one specific thing:– The recently passed law (as opposed to all others)
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ADVERBS
General facts:– Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and other
adverbs: walking quickly, brightly colored, very easily
– Many are created by adding “ly” to an adjective: Nice – nicely, slow – slowly
but many are irregular: yesterday, alongside
– They answer the questions
How, When, Where, or To What Extent
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ADVERBS
Let’s test the rules: How did Maria get that huge report done? She worked diligently throughout the week. When will the report be printed? It’s printed already! Where can I get a copy? I stacked them beside the copier. To what extent are they accurate? They are nearly 100 percent correct.
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ADVERBIAL CONJUNCTIONS
Also called conjunctive adverbs, join two sentences that share some logical connection.
These adverbs are preceded by a semicolon and followed by a comma :– I went to a party last night; however, I left early so
I could get to school this morning. – The movie we wanted to see was sold out;
therefore, we decided to play miniature golf instead.
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Whereas Accordingly Therefore Also Besides Consequently Finally Thus However
Instead Indeed Furthermore Later Moreover Nevertheless Otherwise Still So
ADVERBIAL CONJUNCTIONS
•As a matter of fact•On the other hand•Likewise•Nonetheless•Similarly•For example•Certainly•At the same time•In the first place
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THE THREE A’S
If you need further study or if you want more information about this topic:
– Meet with your instructor– Visit the Learning Center– Go online to the Purdue OWL