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American History American History Chapter 26-2Chapter 26-2
Atomic AnxietyAtomic Anxiety
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Hydrogen BombHydrogen Bomb: Power comes from fusing : Power comes from fusing atoms.atoms.
- Super bomb, 100s of times stronger than the A-bomb.- Super bomb, 100s of times stronger than the A-bomb.
THE FIRST HYDROGEN BOMB TEST
When detonated: November 1, 1952, Eniwetak Atoll, Marshall Islands
Amount of energy released: 10.4 megatons, equivalent to 10.4 million tons of TNT
Size of fireball: 3 miles in diameter
Height of mushroom cloud: more than 25 miles
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The Super Bomb DebateThe Super Bomb Debate
Discuss the pros and cons of developing Discuss the pros and cons of developing the H-bomb following the use of the A-the H-bomb following the use of the A-bomb.bomb.
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H-bomb Test FactsH-bomb Test Facts
1952 test destoyed one island leaving a 175’ 1952 test destoyed one island leaving a 175’ deep crater in the ocean floor.deep crater in the ocean floor.
1954 test in the Bikini Atoll was a thousand times 1954 test in the Bikini Atoll was a thousand times stronger than the Hiroshima bomb.stronger than the Hiroshima bomb.
- It destroyed 3 islands and affected almost 300 - It destroyed 3 islands and affected almost 300 people with radiation sickness, over 80 miles people with radiation sickness, over 80 miles away.away.
- Harmful radiation was still being detected in the - Harmful radiation was still being detected in the area 20 years later.area 20 years later.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNcQX033V_M
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Cold War Arms RaceCold War Arms Race
1953: Soviets detonate their 11953: Soviets detonate their 1stst H-bomb. H-bomb. U.S. & S.U. stockpile weapons.U.S. & S.U. stockpile weapons.
- - Review brinkmanship and massive retaliation.Review brinkmanship and massive retaliation.
Both countries increased their airforces.Both countries increased their airforces.
-- Long-range bombers, B52s, were built. Long-range bombers, B52s, were built.
- - Planes were spread throughout the world and Planes were spread throughout the world and constantly airbourne.constantly airbourne.
ICBMICBMs were developed in the late 50s.s were developed in the late 50s.
- Intercontinental ballistic missiles with nuclear - Intercontinental ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads capable of hitting targets thousands of warheads capable of hitting targets thousands of miles away.miles away.
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ICBMsICBMs
Transporters, silos, and launch.Transporters, silos, and launch.
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Weapons of Mass DestructionWeapons of Mass Destruction
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Other Nuclear Advancements:Other Nuclear Advancements:
1954: U.S. launched the 11954: U.S. launched the 1stst nuclear powered sub. nuclear powered sub.
- - Could travel long distances without refueling.Could travel long distances without refueling.
-- Later fitted the subs with nuclear missiles. Later fitted the subs with nuclear missiles.
1957: Nuclear power plants began to provide 1957: Nuclear power plants began to provide electrical power to Americans.electrical power to Americans.
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The Space Age BeginsThe Space Age Begins
1957: The Soviets launch 1957: The Soviets launch SputnikSputnik, the 1, the 1stst satellite. satellite.
- - Sputnik II carried a dog into orbit.Sputnik II carried a dog into orbit.
- Americans worried that the Soviets had surpassed us.- Americans worried that the Soviets had surpassed us.
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U.S. Space Program and Civil U.S. Space Program and Civil DefenseDefense
NASANASA: National Aeronautics and Space : National Aeronautics and Space Administration began in 1958.Administration began in 1958.
Congress passed the Congress passed the National Defense National Defense Education ActEducation Act: Pumped millions of $ into : Pumped millions of $ into education.education.
The Federal Civil Defense Administration The Federal Civil Defense Administration provided public education about nuclear attack:provided public education about nuclear attack:
- - Booklets & videos.Booklets & videos.
- Air-raid sirens installed.- Air-raid sirens installed.
- Civil defense drills.- Civil defense drills.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=89od_W8lMtA
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Building of Bomb SheltersBuilding of Bomb Shelters
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The Military Industrial ComplexThe Military Industrial Complex Eisenhower warned of the dangers of creating a Eisenhower warned of the dangers of creating a
vast permanent arms industry.vast permanent arms industry. The potential of misplaced or abusive power.The potential of misplaced or abusive power.
May you learn well today!May you learn well today!