Download - Amendments- Bill of Rights
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Amendments- Bill of Rights
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1st Amendment
Speech- Government Regulation-
Civil Liberties are not unfettered-
AssemblyAssociationPressReligion
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SO HOW DO WE KNOW EXACTLY WHAT THESE RIGHTS MEAN?
THE SUPREME COURT (and other courts) INTERPRET THE CONSTITUTION
HOW DO THEY APPLY THE CONSTITUTION TO CASES?
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OH NO! TESTS?
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Free Speech
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“CLEAR AND PRESENT DANGER”
Modified by later courts to “imminent danger” or “incitement to imminent harm”
Can’t “cry fire in a crowded theater” – Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes
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Right to Associate
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Symbolic Speech
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WHAT ARE OTHER TYPES OF SPEECH THAT CAN BE REGULATED?
COMMERCIAL SPEECHDEFAMATORY SPEECH Slander Libel
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Right to Assembly
What Regulations are permissible?
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Freedom of the Press
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Freedom of Religion
???
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“LEMON TEST”
From Lemon v. KurzmanLaws involving religion: gov’s action must
have: Secular purposeMust NOT have: Primary purpose of either
advancing or inhibiting religion Result of “excessive government
entanglement” with religion.
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Obscenity?
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Students’ Rights
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4th Amendment
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5th Amendment
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What is to “Not be tried 2x for the same crime”
The question is “Double Jeopardy”• Dual Jurisdiction??
Civil v.
Crim
inal???
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6th Amendment
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8th Amendment
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COERCED CONFESSIONS
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Right to Privacy
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14th Amendment Tests for Discrimination
Rational basisStrict ScrutinySubstantial
Relationship
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TYPES OF DISCRIMINATION
De Jure discrimination – by lawDe Facto discrimination- by common practice
or individual actions which have the same result