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Acoustic in Hospital andHealth care centres
Presented by:-Surender
Vikas
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Making Hospitals QuieterAcoustical Engineers Reduce
Hospital Noise with FiberglassPanels
New, hi-tech panels can help bring down unhealthy noise levels in hospitals. Thepanels are made of berglass and coated with anti-bacterial fabric. If placed onwalls and ceilings they can absorb the noise produced by euipment, loudconversation, or ventilation systems -- instead of helping it propagate.
You wouldn't have surgery at a baseball game, but a new study
shows hospital noise levels are equivalent to a sporting event.It's a deafening problem for Johns opkins registered nurse
!laire "eers. #It's often the $onversation noise be$ause people
are speaking above all of the equipment and all of the ba$kground
noise,# she says.
%he panels are made of fiberglass, $overed in anti&ba$terial
fabri$. hen pla$ed on the $eiling or walls, sound waves hit the
panels and be$ome absorbed and trapped, losing their energy in
the entangled fibers within the panels && leaving nothing left but
pea$e and quiet.
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!ohns "op#ins $niversity
BACKR!"N#: ( new study by resear$hers at Johns opkins )niversityreveals that hospital noise levels around the world have in$reased steadily over the
past *+ years. In fa$t, it is among the top $omplaints of both patients and hospital
staff members. %o date, s$ientifi$ studies have been s$ar$e, and were $ondu$ted by
medi$al personnel, not a$ousti$al eperts. %he opkins resear$hers were also able
to test two te$hniques that helped redu$e noise in some patient areas.
$HE PR!B%EM& ospital sound levels have risen from *- de$ibels && about
the noise level of a normal $onversation && to - de$ibels && about the noise level of
a freeway && sin$e /01+. %his e$eeds the orld ealth 2rgani3ation's /00*
guidelines for hospital noise. (mong other $on$erns, high noise levels disturb
patients and staff members, raise the risk of medi$al errors, and hinder efforts to
moderni3e hospitals with spee$h re$ognition systems. 4oise levels even remainhigh at night be$ause of hospital ventilation settings. 5any spa$es use a$ousti$al
$eiling tiles to absorb sound, but these are often absent from patient areas be$ause
they $an house infe$tious organisms.
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P!''(B%E '!%"$(!N': %wo small $hanges made in the study
helped redu$e noise by modest amounts. 6irst, in the pediatri$ intensive $are
ward, outfitting staff with small hands&free personal $ommuni$ators that operate
mu$h like $ell phones enabled them to be signaled quietly and dire$tly. It $ut the
frequen$y of loudspeaker announ$ements from an average of one every five
minutes to about on$e an hour. (nd by wrapping fiberglass insulation inside anantiba$terial fabri$ and atta$hment them as sound absorbers to the $eiling and
$alls of a $an$er unit, they were able to redu$e the amount of sound boun$ing
around a room by a fa$tor of three. )nfortunately, noise from air handling
systems is mu$h more diffi$ult to address in eisting fa$ilities. 6or future new
hospitals or renovations, a$ousti$s eperts and ar$hite$ts $ould work together to
redu$e noise problems.
H!) N!('E CANCE%%A$(!N )!RK': )nlike ear plugs
and sound dampeners, noise $an$ellation tries to blo$k the unwanted
sound at its sour$e, rather than merely trying to prevent it from
entering our ears. If we add two sound waves together, and the peaks
of one line up with the valleys of the other, they will $an$el ea$h other
out. 7igital signal pro$essors 87S9s: are mi$roele$troni$ devi$es that
determine whi$h sound wave is required to $an$el the unwantedsound wave 8noise:. It then $reates that sound and amplifies it through
speakers or headphones. %he end result is near silen$e. 5ost $ell
phones, !7 players, and hearing aids now $ontain one or more 7S9
devi$es.
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AC!"'$(C' (NHEA%$HCARE
EN*(R!NMEN$'INTRODUCTION THE CURRENT STATE OF ACOUSTICS IN HEALTHCARE
ENVIRONMENTS WHY ACOUSTICS MATTER IN HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENTS UNDERSTANDING THE PRIMARY ACOUSTIC ISSUES UNDERSTANDING HOW ACOUSTICS ARE MEASURED
DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVED ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENTS;<4<=(> 7<SI;4 !24SI7<=(%I24S
S9<!I6YI4; 5(%<=I(>S (47 6I4IS<S
5I4I5I?I4; 5<!(4I!(> (47 5<7I!(> <@)I95<4% 42IS<
7<SI;4I4; 62= 9=IV(!Y (47 !246I7<4%I(>I%Y
I4%<;=(%I4; 2S9I%(> %<!42>2;Y
ACOUSTIC REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIALIED ENVIRONMENTS4<24(%(> I4%<4SIV< !(=< )4I%S 84I!)s:
<5<=;<4!Y 7<9(=%5<4%S 8<7s: MEETING THE STANDARDS
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5any sounds are present in hospital environments, in$luding
those from beepers, alarms, ma$hines, rolling $arts, V(!
systems, and $onversations, among other sour$es. %hese $an be
severely irritating and at times harmful to patients, depending on
their $urrent $onditions 8i.e., age, hearing ability, medi$ation
intake, $ultural ba$kground, and pre&eisting fears and
anieties:.($ousti$s in health$are environments are $omple and
require a $areful, strategi$ design.
T"% &$''%NT (T)T% *+ )&*$(TI&(
IN "%)T"&)'% %NI'*N%NT( ($ousti$ levels in todayAs hospitals are very high. ( study $ondu$ted by
"us$h&Vishnia$ et al. in ++* found that sound pressure levels have risen
signifi$antly and $onsistently sin$e /01+. 2n average, daytime levels
have risen +.BC d" and nighttime levels have risen +.D d"Eea$h year.
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(fter a$ousti$al $eiling tiles repla$ed the eisting sound refle$tive
$eiling tiles in the main work area and patient rooms in a Swedish
hospital, nurses reported lower work demands and less pressure
and strain during their afternoon shift 8the noisiest shift studied:.
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Spe$ifi$
a$ousti$al
$onsideration
s in
health$are
settings
in$lude
supporting
patient well&being and
priva$yF
supporting
$ommuni$ati
on among
staffF andmeeting
standards
and
regulations
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G(r$hite$tural design strategies su$h as pla$ing staff rest areas
away from noise sour$es and a$ousti$al environment de$isions
su$h as spe$ifying quieter alarms and ma$hines $an aid in
redu$ing noise levels in hospitals.H
/%(I0N (T')T%0I%( +*'IP'*%/ )&*$(TI&%NI'*N%NT(Ge%e&a' De()g% C*%()+e&a,)*%(
7esign 9ro$ess
<mploy an a$ousti$al engineer at the early stages of the design
ire an a$ousti$al $onsultant to assess spee$h priva$y
Site 7esign
!onsider all eisting and future sour$es of noise 8e.g., highways
and airports in the $onstru$tion phase:!ondu$t site measurements to determine the impa$t of noise
from the surrounding, eternal environmentF plan the site and
design the buildingAs faade to mitigate any impa$ts.
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G<stablish lower outdoor sound levels 8a day&night average of *+
d": in outdoor patient areas through noise barriers or shielding
strategies.H
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Spa$e 9lanning
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S.e/)0)%g Ma,e&)a'( a%+ F)%)(e(
!eilings
suspended a$ousti$al $eiling system with sound&absorbing $eiling tiles to
promote a satisfa$tory a$ousti$ environment. hen this is not possible orfeasible, $onsider mounting sound absorbing panels dire$tly onto the $eiling
and upper walls, as this may still provide signifi$ant noise redu$tion.
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;lass fiber (!% have high sound absorption qualities, often having
4=! ratings of +.0+ or higher.
5ineral fiber (!% have sound absorption properties 8maimum +.C+
4=!: lower than glass fiber (!%, but typi$ally have a higher !(!
8between B+ and D+:, indi$ating they greatly redu$e soundtransmission.
!omposite $eiling panels 8a $ombination of a glass fiber fa$ing and a
mineral fiber or gypsum board ba$king: have high sound isolation and
sound absorption
!ast mineral fiber $omposition enhan$es sound isolation and sound
absorption.
alls=e$ogni3e that doors $an have a tremendous negative impa$t on the
a$ousti$al performan$e of a wall.
"e aware that both door positioning and V(! du$t layout $an impa$t
the priva$y performan$e of walls. ( dire$t du$t run through rooms $an
redu$e priva$y and in$rease distra$tions in health$are settings.
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all Surfa$esSpe$ify surfa$e&mounted, one&in$h thi$k wall panels or other sound&
absorbing wall materials with an 4=! of +.-+ or more to effe$tively
absorb noise from $ommon a$tivities in health$are environments,
espe$ially in large areas where noise tends to build up.
Install sound&absorbing wall materials perpendi$ular to ea$h other to
redu$e flutter e$hoes
Spe$ify fabri$&wrapped wall panels in non&$lini$al areas of a hospital
where regular $leaning is not required!over glass& or natural& fiber wall panels with a thin, impermeable film
8e.g., taffeta vinyl, polyvinyl fluoride: to allow for easy $leaning in
$lini$al areas of a hospital.
6loors"e aware that of the most $ommon floor surfa$es in hospitals, some
8e.g., rubber: $reate less impa$t noise than others 8e.g., vinyl
$omposition tile installed dire$tly on $on$rete or terra33o:.
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5inimi3e the use of floor
dis$ontinuities 8e.g., epansion breaks
and transitions: to redu$e vibrations
$aused by rolling equipment over
them.Spe$ify $arpet to effe$tively redu$e
impa$t noise 8e.g., foot traffi$, $arts: in
health$are environments. owever,
understand that it typi$ally provides an
4=! of around +.+ to +.B+ and should
be $onsidered one element of severalto provide sound absorption.
2ther 5aterials
!onsider how movable furniture panels,
glass partitions, and a$ousti$ally treated
$urtains $an be used in open spa$es to
blo$k noise. In open&offi$e areas,
furniture panels should be at least 1+
high and have an S%! of at least D.
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G !ontaining
airborne and
stru$ture&
borne noise
$reated by5=I s$anners
and minimi3ing
vibrations from
eternal
sour$es in
spa$es wheres$anners are
housed are
two primary
design
interventions
needed tomaintain a
safe
health$are
environment.H
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%nclosed (paces
"e aware that glass
doors or vision panels
may provide thedesired a$ousti$al
priva$y and sound
isolation, while still
allowing for visual
a$$ess
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*pen (paces
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)nderstand that $eiling panels with higher 4=! and !(! values
are manufa$tured in many styles and $olors that meet both
budget and design requirements
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White Paintable Acoustical Panels
V)%' S*%+ a&&)e&
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Ce)')%g a00'e(
Ce)')%g T)'e(
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F'e)6'e Fa6&)/ Fa/e+ A/*(,)/a' F*a7
I(*Ha%ge&( F)6e&g'a(( 'a%8e,( a%+ R*''(
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S)'e%, P)/,&e( S)g, a%+ S*%+ C*%,&*'
A/*(,)/a' Wa'' C*9e&)%g
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Than# you