Download - Accessory Organs of the Digestive System
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Accessory Organs of the
Digestive System
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Teeth• Know:– 4 types & functions– Humans have 32
(most have their 4 wisdom teeth removed)
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Salivary Glands• 3 pairs – Parotid glands– Submandibular– Sublingual
• Secrete saliva (mix of mucus and serous fluid) into mouth– Moistens food into a mass bolus– Contains salivary amylase begins to break down
starches– Has lysozymes and antibodies that kill bacteria
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Mumps• Inflammation of the parotid salivary gland– Swelling, tenderness
• Incidence has decreased since MMR vaccines
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Pancreas• Makes enzymes that
break down all food types (carbs, proteins, fats)
• Enzymes secreted in duodenum in alkaline fluid
• Produces hormones: insulin and glucagon that go into the blood
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Liver• Largest gland• Digestive function – produces bile
(goes to duodenum via bile duct)–When bile is not needed stored in gallbladder
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Liver
• Cirrhosis – chronic inflammation of the liver; becomes hard and fibrous– often caused by drinking too much alcohol– also caused by hepatitis
•Hepatitis – inflammation of the liver
- Often due to viral infection spread in contaminated water, needles, or blood-blood contact
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Gallbladder• Sac on inferior surface of liver that
stores bile (inc. concentration)
• Gallstones – too much water removed from bile & cholesterol crystallizes
• Jaundiced – bile pigments back up and skin/eyes become yellow