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A Bimodal Architecture using
Unlicensed band by developing RF
planning tool in Matlab and Lab view
Presented by
Samad Bin Khalid
MS-FA09-0028
Advisor
Sir Abbass Ali
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Table of Content
` Problem Statement` Abstract
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Problem Statement
` In order to extent the coverage and capacity of cellular network theMobile Network Operator have implemented Unlicensed Mobile
Access by integrating it with UMTS and GSM core network as it is
cost effective and it is a fast deployment solution.
` Implementing UMA in villages and rural areas is an issues, as thereis no infrastructure for backhaul.
` Dual band Mobile hand set is not very common (3G+2G+Wifi), in fact the
majority of the users can not afford the expensive dual band mobile
handsets.
` To extend the service to remote areas having low population, give
rise to develop a solution which could offer easy, cost effective and
fast deployment.
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Abstract
` In the last few years the growth in mobile services is confined tourban areas.
` The challenge now lies in providing affordable connectivity to the
people living in the rural areas.
` 3GPP develop Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA).
` A Bimodal Architecture is developed on the principle of UMA.
` The Bimodal Architecture would provide Mobile Network Operators
to extend their network coverage.
` Implementing the Idea would not require to deploy full cellular site.
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UMA Overview
` In traditional cellular network, mobile station (MS) talks with mobilecore network via access network, which consists of base station
(BS), base station controller (BSC) and antenna.
` In UMA solution, dual-mode handset will connect with mobile core
network via UMA network, which consists of access point, UNC(UMA network controller). Once dual mode handset detect WiFi
network, it will connect with the UNC via IP connection
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UMA Overview
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UMA Interfaces
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UMA Interfaces
` A-, Gb-, Wm-, Lb-, and D/Gr- interfaces are standardized andcommonly used in 2G/3G mobile networks. They define the used
protocols and methods for interoperation between different network
elements.
` The A interface works between the base station controller (BSC) andthe mobile switching centre (MSC).
` The Gb interface is used between the BSC and the SGSN (serving
GPRS support node). Main function for this interface is to define the
used protocols and techniques needed for support of GPRS packettraffic and signaling.
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UMA Interfaces
` The D / Gr interface is used for exchanging subscription informationbetween 3G AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) and
the HLR (Home Location Register) by means of MAP (Mobile
Application Part) protocol.
` The Lb interface is the newest addition to specifications. It is usedbetween the SMLC (Serving Mobile Location Centre) and UNC.
` Up interface is the new interface that UMA requires and it is used
between MS and UNC. This interface is used to define the signaling,
voice and data transfer protocol architectures for both circuit andpacket switched connections.
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Requirements for Bimodal Architecture
` IP based RAN architecture where the different remote sites connectwith each other on IP based Microwave backhauling.The technology
proposed for this is an IEEE 802.11a and IEEE 802.11g
` Mobile Network Operators can setup Microwave Point to Point and
Point to Multipoint links in unlicensed band which is 5.0 GHz and 2.4GHz.
` Bimodal Architecture user will not require a dual band Mobile hand
set, the user just need a conventional mobile handset in order to
make cellular transactions
` The minimum bandwidth of the Abis interface between the base
transceiver station (BTS) and the base station controller (BSC) is 2
Mbps.
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Purposed Bimodal Network Architecture
BSCCore
NetworkCGW
OMC NMS
RGWGAP
AccessPoints
E1/T1
IP based
Microwave link
E1/T1
Abis Over IP
Signaling
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Local Switching Function
t
t
t
t
B S C M S CL S F
G A P
A c c e s s P o i ts
S p e e c h D
t
is
S w it c h e d L o c a ll
G A P
A c c e s s
P o i t s
S i g n a l i n g
V o i c
V il la g e A
V il la g e B
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Bimodal Architecture Network Elements
` GSM Access Point` A GSM Access Point is a radio base station. It provides a GSM
interface for subscriber terminals and switches traffic within its local
cell. It also provides IP encapsulation for traffic being routed to the
Access gateways.
` Features
` 850/900/1800/1900 MHz GSM air interface
` Light 5 m site construction
` 23 km coverage with Omni or directional/sector antenna` IP-based backhaul, typically 20-30 km range
` No BSC, transcoder or MSC needed to complete a local call
` Database with call records
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Bimodal Architecture Network Elements
` Access Gateways` Central Gateway (CGW) is a part of BSC end. Its main function is to
provide the internetworking function between the Cellular signaling
and the Microwave IP backhaul. The CGW is capable of converting
the E1/T1 signaling to IP in order to transmit the signaling for network
calls to the BTS site.
` Remote Gateway (RGW) is a part of BTS end where it reconverts the
cellular signaling over IP in E1/T1 and provide interface to connect
with the GSM Access point.
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Bimodal Architecture Network Elements
` IP Backhaul` The IP backhaul operates on the 5.0GHZ band which is an ISM band
(industrial Scientific Medical band) for which they do not have to
purchase the frequency as well
` The technology proposed for the microwave backhaul is the IEEE
802.11a which provides data rate up to 54 Mbps. 20- 30km of point
to point and point to multipoint backhaul links can be establish to
connect multiple remote sites with the BSC (Base Station Controller)
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Microwave Backhaul Planning
` Fresnel Zone
` Earth Bulge
` Antenna Height
` Free Space path Loss Lp = (92.4 + 20 log10 F) + (20
log10 D)
` Received Signal RX Signal = EIRP FSL + RX
Gt Coax Cable Loss.
` Fade Margin SOM=RX Signal-RX Sensitivity
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RF Planning for Cellular coverage
` OkumaraHata model
OpenDdBAL
SuburbanCdBAL
UrbanEdBAL
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1,20030,1500150
);8.0log56.1()7.0log1.1(
300;1.1))54.1(log(29.8
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;4.5))28(log(2
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RF Planning for Cellular coverage
` COST 231 Extension to Hata Model