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I. The Geography of Japan
• A. Japan is a chain of many islands• 1. Most people live on Hokkaido,
Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku
• B. Only 11% of the land is farmable
• C. Japan is prone to earthquakes and is geographically isolated
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II. The Rise of the Japanese State
• A. Japan’s population was divided into clans with a local ruler
• B. Shotoku Taishi- combined the clans together to ward off Chinese invaders
• C. In 710, the Fujiwara clan gained power and moved the court to Heian where they built up the government
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• D. Samurai- military class who followed a strict code called Bushido
• E. Minamoto Yoritomo seized power in the 12th century and created the shogunate
• Shogunate- military government ruled by a military ruler
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• F. Power of local aristocrats grew and the heads of wealthy families (daimyo) controlled huge estates
• G. By 1500 there were civil wars that destroyed central power
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III. Life in Early Japan
• A. Mostly a farming society• B. Trade with China and Korea
brought wealth• C. Women could inherit, divorce,
and remarry• 1. Women were still subordinate
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• D. Shinto- the state religion where people worshiped spirits that control nature
• E. Zen- Buddhist sect that became popular in Japan: enlightenment can be achieved through self discipline
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IV. Korea
• A. Korea was under Chinese control until the 3rd century: the Korean government was heavily influenced by Japan
• B. Mongols seized power in the 13th century and were harsh rulers
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Chinese influence on Japan
• Shitoku Taishi unified the clans to resist an invasion by the Chinesee
• He sent people to China to learn about their government and based his on the Chinese model
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Korea
• In 109 the northern part of Korea was under Chinese control, in the 3rd century they were driven out
• The Koryo dynasty used Chinese ideas and remained in power for 400 years
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Mongol influence on Japan
• Kublai Khan invaded Japan, fighting the Mongols put a strain on the Kamakura shogunate which ended in 1333
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Korea
• In the 13th century Mongols seized the North part of Korea, Mongol rule led to suffering of the Korean people, artisans were forced to build ships for Kublai Khan