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Chapter 7Information System
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7.0 INFORMATION SYSTEM
7.1 Types Of Information System7.2 System Development Life
Cycle
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At the end of this topic, student should be able to:
1. Define Information System
2. Identify several types of Information System
3. Describe the purposes of each Information
System
Learning Outcomes
LEARNING OUTCOMES
7.1 Types of Information System
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Is a
that work together to produce quality
information.
Is a set of interrelated elements or components that collect (input), manipulate (process), store disseminate (output) data and information and provide corrective reaction (feedback mechanism) to meet an objective.(Stair & Reynolds, 2012)
(Shelly & Vermaat, 2012)
Definition Information System
7.1 Types of Information System
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The Component Of Information System
7.1 Types of Information System
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1. HardwareHardware refers to the that the
database system runs on. Example mainframe, minicomputer, microcomputer, network, input/output peripherals etc.
2. SoftwareSoftware refers to a used by a
computer in a database system. This includes the DBMS, the operating system of a computer and network, application and utility program.
Component of Information System
7.1 Types of Information System
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3. Data
Data comprises of. This includes operational data and metadata.
4. Procedures
Procedures refer to the that govern the design and use of a database system.
Component of Information System
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5. People
People encompasses . This includes the business analysts, database designer, data administrators, DBA, application programmers and end-users.
Component of Information SystemComponent of Information System
7.1 Types of Information System
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4 Levels of Information System
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4 Levels of Information System
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Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Management Information System (MIS)
Decision Support System (DSS)
Executive Support System (ESS)
7.1 Types of Information System
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Graphical representation of information system in a triangle
7.1 Types of Information System
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Is an information System that captures and processes data day-to-day
An operational system that record and process data resulting from business transactions.
Examples of transactions are deposits, payments, orders and reservations
Two basic way of process transaction
1.
2.
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
7.1 Types of Information System
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Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Figure 14-14 With batchprocessing, all airline reservations are processed together at the end of the day. With OLTP, reservations are processedimmediately.
(Shelly & Vermaat, 2012)- page 733
7.1 Types of Information System
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1. Batch processing
• Transactions data are
and processed
periodically.
• The computer collect data over time and process all transactions later, as a group.
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
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2. Online Transaction Processing(OLP) / Real-Time Processing
• The computer processes each transaction as it is entered.
• Data are
occurs.
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
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Purpose TPS
7.1 Types of Information System
The intent of these system is to process transactions faster reduce clerical costs improve customer service
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Management Information System (MIS)
7.1 Types of Information System
Is an information system that
Produce meaningful information for manager or produce report.
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Produce meaningful information for managers
Three basic types of reports
1.
2.
3.
• Assist lower management in problem solving and making decision.
Purpose MIS
Management Information System (MIS)
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Helps users
DSS give direct computer support to managers during the decision-making process.
Example :
A production manager may use a DSS to decide how much product to manufacture based on the expected sales associated with a future promotion and the location.
Decision Support System (DSS)
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Purpose DSS
Decision Support System (DSS)
7.1 Types of Information System
Help users retrieve data and analyze the result
Allow managers to create a model of the factors affecting a decision
Reports are in the form of charts or diagram
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Executive Support System (ESS)
7.1 Types of Information System
A special type of Decision Support System (DSS) that serve the strategic level of the organisation
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Supports the strategic information needs of executive management.
Gathers and presents information to Senior management in the form of graphics and reports used to assist in decision making.
Purpose
7.1 Types of Information System
Executive Support System (ESS)
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Manager use an ESS to analyze a company's financial trends
Executive Support System (ESS)
Example
7.1 Types of Information System
ESS
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Is an information system that enables employees to perform tasks using computers and other electronic devices.
The system help employee to collects, process, store and transmit electronic message, document and other form of communication among individual, work group and organizations.
Office Automation System (OAS)
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A school posted its class schedules on the internet. When the school updates the schedule, students receive an email notification.
Office Automation System (OAS)
Example
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Increase employee productivity
Assists with communication among employee
Office Automation System (OAS)
Purpose
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Types of IS Characteristics
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Provides raw data used in Processing in EIS, MIS and DSS The lowest level of information
system Used by businesses to record
“transaction” information Transactions include things like
booking airline tickets, purchasing goods or services
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Types of IS Characteristics
Management Information System (MIS)
A step up from TPS This type of systems is used for routine
reporting Reports are used to monitor and control
normal business activities Provides input to be used in the
managerial decision process. Generate report in various time – basis
(weekly, monthly, and/or yearly) Data is provided from internal company
sources only.
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Types of IS Characteristics
Decision Support System (DSS)
Provides information to managers who must make judgments about particular situations. Supports decision-makers in situations that
are not well structured
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Types of IS Characteristics
Executive Support System (ESS)
Used for strategic business planning Relatively long time-frame considered Unstructured and open-ended (many
variables can be considered) For accurate results EIS require
information from inside and outside the business
Its major activity is information scanning and evaluation, it deals mainly with the intelligence phase of decision-making.
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1. Explain the components of information system
2. What is TPS and who is the users of TPS?
3. What is the main difference between TPS and
MIS?
4. Differentiate MIS from DSS.
5. Who are the users of OAS?
6. What is ESS and who are the main users of ESS?
EXERCISE
7.1 Types of Information System
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References Shelly, G. B., & Vermaat, M. E. (2012). Discovering
Computer 2012 Complete. Boston: Course Technology Cengage Learning
Haag, S., Cummings, M., & Dawkins, J. (2000). Management Information Systems for the Information Age (2nd Edition). Boston: McGraw Hill.
Rainer R.K. (2012). Introduction to Information Technology (4th Edition). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc.