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Gilbert Silvius
A maturity model for integrating sustainability in projects and project managementAuthors: Gilbert Silvius, HU University of Applied Sciences and Van Aetsveld, the NetherlandsRon Schipper, Van Aetsveld, the Netherlands
1-3 November 2010, Istanbul, Turkey
24th IPMA World Congresswww.ipma2010.com
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Sustainability?
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Sustainability
?
Projects
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Emerging literature
• 2005: • C. Labuschagne: Sustainable project life cycle management
• 2006: • APM Supports Sustainability Outlooks
• 2008: • J. Russell: CSR: What does it mean for the PM?• T. Taylor: A sustainability checklist for managers of projects
• 2009: • M. Eid: Sustainable Development & Project Management• Several papers on IPMA and IRNOP conferences
• 2010: • IPMA International Expert Seminar• Happy Projects conference: Sustainability & Projects• I. Oehlman: Master’s thesis • PMI research conference: panel discussion• More papers on this conference
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Society level
Corporate level
Individual level
Project level
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Key concepts
• Sustainability is about balancing or harmonizing social, environmental and economical interests
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People, Planet, Profit
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Key concepts
• Sustainability is about balancing or harmonizing social, environmental and economical interests
• Sustainability takes into account both the short term and the long term
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Natural friends?
Regular organization• Permanent• Short term + long term
oriented• Goal oriented• Goal is chosen
Project• Temporary
• Short term oriented
• Deliverable oriented• Deliverable is given
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Key concepts
• Sustainability is about balancing or harmonizing social, environmental and economical interests
• Sustainability takes into account both the short term and the long term
• Sustainability is about consuming income, not capital
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The key is
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Okay…..
But what does it mean for projects?
What does it mean for project managers?
How can we implement sustainability in projects?
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Sustainability in projects and projectmanagement
• Projects deliver change to organizations
• So, a more sustainable society requires projects
• The relationship between sustainability and projects is still emerging field
• The current state of research is mostly interpretive, rather than prescriptive
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A maturity model
• Maturity models are a practical way to ‘translate’ complex concepts into organizational capabilitiesand to raise awareness for potential development.
• They provide guidance for action plans and allow organizations to monitor their progress
(Dinsmore, 1998).
You cannot change what you cannot manageyou cannot manage what you cannot measure
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Approach to maturity model
• Most maturity levels are derived from Capability Maturity Model and based on the maturity of controlling the processes
• This process control approach seems not applicable to capture the specific impact of sustainability
• Therefore a different approach was chosen.
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Sustainability crieria
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Sustainability crieria
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Sustainability criteria??
Economic Sustainability
Return on Investment - Direct financial benefits - Net Present Value
Business Agility - Flexibility / Optionality in the project - Increased business flexibility
Environmental Sustainability
Transport - Local procurement - Digital communication - Traveling - Transport
Energy - Energy used - Emission / CO2 from energy used
Waste - Recycling - Disposal
Materials and resources - Reusability - Incorporated energy - Waste
Social Sustainability
Labor Practices and Decent Work
- Employment - Labor / Management relations - Health and Safety - Training and Education - Organisational learning - Diversity and Equal opportunity
Human Rights - Non-discrimination - Freedom of association - Child labour - Forced and compulsory labor
Society and Customers
- Community support - Public policy / Compliance - Customer health and safety - Products and services labeling - Market communication and Advertising - Customer privacy
Ethical behaviour - Investment and Procurement practices - Bribery and corruption - Anti-competition behaviour
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Learning curve
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Integrating sustainability
Business Resources
Business Processes
Business Model
Products/Services
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The maturity model
Sustainability in projects is considered at the level of the Non Resources Business Business Products / existing Processes Model Services
People criteria
Planet criteria
Profit criteria
Sust
aina
bilit
y as
pect
s
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The questionnaire
• Short introduction and description• Descriptives
– 4 questions about the respondent (person)– 6 questions about the project– 2 questions about the organizational context
• Measurement– 4 questions about Profit perspective– 7 questions about Planet perspective– 8 questions about People perspective
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Unit of analysis
Company X
Project 1
Project 2
Project 3
Project n
Project 1 to n (unit of analysis of the maturity assessments)
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Example
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√ √
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Nonexisting
Resources BusinessProcesses
BusinessModel
Products /Services
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Profit (Desired)
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People (Current)
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Reporting(Profit perspective)
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People
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No judgement in the model
• Not about the 3 P’s
• Not about the levels of integration
• Not about what an organization should do
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Summary
• The maturity model– translates the abstract and interpretive concepts of
sustainable development into practically applicable prescriptive actions.
– assesses concrete projects as unit of study, thereby specifying overall corporate strategies.
– allows organizations to set their own standards and ambitions in accordance with company values..
– allows organizations to monitor and report their development.– is not normative as to whose responsibility (project sponsor,
project manager, etc.) the actions are, but allows discussion and agreement about this
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Conclusions
• Projects can make a contribution to the sustainable development of organizations
• Concept of sustainablity therefore must be reflected in project(management)
• This needs further development of methodes, attitude and skills
• The maturity model helps organizations prepare itself on this new and complex task on developing the projectmanagement profession
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Questions?