Download - 2009StanfordE25 Ramon Qiu and Alex Dao
Leukemia
Ramon QiuAlex Dao2009StanfordE25
Asian American Donor Program
Modest beginnings in 1989
123 Asian donors in national registry
Encourage typing of minorities
Launched Latino Outreach Program in 2008
ΛΦΕ
Lambda Phi Epsilon is the first and only international Asian American interest fraternity
Our National Philanthropy: Raise awareness for Leukemia
AADP
What is Leukemia?
From Lecture:
Leukemia is a cancer of a white blood cell. For example, B cell leukemia is when B cells proliferate indefinitely.
Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Most common form
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Most common form
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) – Most common in children
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Most common form
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) – Most common in children
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML) – More common in adults
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Most common form
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) – Most common in children
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML) – More common in adults
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) – Only occurs in adults
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Most common form (occurs in adults and children)
Most dangerous (fastest acting)
Begins with 1 cell
Begins with 1 cell
Cell multiplies into trillions of copies
Begins with 1 cell
Cell multiplies into trillions of copies
Red blood cells under produced (anemia)
Begins with 1 cell
Cell multiplies into trillions of copies
Red blood cells under produced (anemia)
White blood cells under produced (immune system failure)
Begins with 1 cell
Cell multiplies into trillions of copies
Red blood cells under produced (anemia)
White blood cells under produced (immune system failure)
Platelets under produced (stops blood clotting)
http://images.the-scientist.com/content/images/articles/23273/ecology_infoL.jpg
Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc… Expression of these genes inhibits cell differentiation
Forces cells to copy the Leukemia cell.
Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescenceSenescence is a mechanism that forces cells to stop dividing
Leukemia cells disable this mechanism
Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescence
Event 3: Anti-apoptoticApoptosis is a mechanism where a cell destroys itself
Apoptosis is necessary when a cell is damaged or infected
Leukemia cells disable this mechanism
Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescence
Event 3: Anti-apoptotic
Event 4: Apoptosis receptor pathway silencedApoptosis can also be triggered from surrounding tissue
Same idea as Event 3
Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescence
Event 3: Anti-apoptotic
Event 4: Apoptosis receptor pathway silenced
Event 5: Evade immune cellsEvents 1-4
Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescence
Event 3: Anti-apoptotic
Event 4: Apoptosis receptor pathway silenced
Event 5: Evade immune cells
Event 6: Activate and over express self renewal path genes
http://images.the-scientist.com/content/images/articles/23273/ecology_infoL.jpg
Treating Leukemia
Induction Therapy
Consolidation Therapy
Induction Therapy
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation Therapy
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation TherapyMore chemotherapy
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation TherapyMore chemotherapy
Stem cell transplant
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation TherapyMore chemotherapy
Stem cell transplant
Get blood cell count back to normal
Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation TherapyMore chemotherapy
Stem cell transplant
Get blood cell count back to normal
Take immunosuppressant drugs
Myths and Facts
Myth: Donating Bone Marrow is Painful
Myth: Donating Bone Marrow is Painful
Fact: Anesthesia is always usedDonors feel no pain or needle injectionsDonors feel a little pain in the lower back a few
days after the procedure
Myth: Donating Bone Marrow involves surgery
Myth: Donating Bone Marrow involves surgery
Fact: Majority of donations do not involve surgeryUsually taking peripheral blood stem cells is
enough
Myth: Pieces of Bone are removed from the donor
Myth: Pieces of Bone are removed from the donor
Fact: Majority of donations involve taking only bloodIn marrow donation, only marrow is taken from
inside bone, not the bone itself
Myth: Donating Bone Marrow is dangerous
Myth: Donating Bone Marrow is dangerous
Fact: The procedure is relatively safe and there are rarely any long term side effects from donating
All the donated marrow is replenished within 1 month
Myth: Bone Marrow donation involves a lengthy recovery
Myth: Bone Marrow donation involves a lengthy recovery
Fact: Most donors take the drug filgrastim and experience minor symptoms that disappear 2 days after donating
Marrow donors will feel tired and some soreness for less than a week, with all symptoms disappearing
after 2-3 weeks
Nick Glasgow
Nick Glasgow
• 28 years old• Diagnosed with AML
in March 2009• 75% Caucasian and
25% Japanese• Desperately needs
your HELP
What you can do NOW• Where do I register?
You can register in one of three ways:
1.) Visit a local drive near you.
2.) Call or e-mail AADP for a HOME-TEST KIT if you cannot attend a drive.
•3.) Visit the AADP office in Alameda or a local donor center in Stanford, Oakland, or Sacramento, to register in person. Appointments must be made beforehand.
• 4.) Encourage family/friends/dormmates/fraternity brothers/sorority sisters to get their bone marrow typed!
Thank you for registering.
SAVE A LIFE TODAY!