12-4: More Technological AdvancesSeptember 20, 2010
I. Telegraph Speeds Communication
Samuel F.B. Morse Telegraph
A device that could send information over wires across great distances
I. Telegraph Speeds Communication
How it works: It sent pulses of electric
current through a wire. The telegrapher tapped
a bar called the telegraph key, which controlled the length of each pulse.
At the other end, these pulses would change into clicking sounds.
Morse Code A system of different combinations of dots and
dashes that represent each letter of the alphabet.
… - - - …: SOS
Skilled telegraph operators could send and receive many words per minute.
I. Telegraphy Speeds Communication
Many people in our country disputed this machine.
They thought these message were made-up by Morse himself.
Morse’s Big Break Democratic National Convention-1844
I. Telegraph Speeds Communication
Telegraphs were soon sending and receiving information for: Businesses The government Newspapers Private Citizens
As railroads continue spread, telegraph joined along side to speed up communication.
I. Telegraph Speeds Coummunication
By the time of Morse’s death, telegraph lines: Had spread across the United States. During the Civil War, President Lincoln would
use the telegraph to command the Union Troops as well as get supplies to where they need to be. This would eventually win the Civil War.
I. Telegraph Speeds Communication
At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, factories were placed near water sources, because they were powered by water turbines.
Steam-powered factories replaced this type, because they were more reliable and could also be built anywhere.
II. Steam Power and New Factories
Some companies decided to build their factories near cities, because they:
Provided easier access to workers. Allowed businesses to lower wages. Reduced Shipping Costs Allowed immigrants and former farmers with
income.
II. Steam Power and New Factories
Factory workers were able to improve the designs of many kinds of machines.
Mechanics invented tools to cut and shape metal, stone, and wood with great precision.
With the help of Eli Whitney, interchangeable parts were produced by these machines.
II. Steam Power and New Factories
John Deere He observed Illinois farmers that were having
difficulty plowing soil with an iron plow.
He designed the steel plow to make farming easier for farmers.
III. Improved Farm Equipment
Cyrus McCormick Mechanical Reaper This harvesting invention quickened the
harvesting of wheat at cut it efficiently.
He used advertisements, gave demonstrations, and provided a repair and spare parts department to increase the sales of his reaper.
III. Improved Farm Equipment
III. Improved Farm Equipment
Steel Plow Mechanical Reaper
The combination of Deere’s plow and McCormick’s reaper allowed Midwestern farmers to plant and harvest huge crop fields.
By the time of the Civil War, U.S. farmers were producing more wheat and corn than they had in the entire century before hand.
III. Improved Farm Equipment
IV. Changing Life at Home
Isaac Singer Improved the design
of Elias Howe’s sewing machine.
The Singer sewing machine company became the world’s largest producer of sewing machines.
IV. Changing Life at Home
Icebox Cooled by large blocks
of ice. Stored fresh food
safely for longer periods of time.
Iron Cookstoves Replaced cooking fires
and stone hearths.
IV. Changing Life at Home
Matches Safety Pins
IV. Changing Life at Home
Mass Production allowed familiar items such as clocks to be bought at reasonable prices.
1800-$50 1850-$1.50
Inventions Today
If you look close enough, you can see that many of the inventions created during the Industrial Revolution are still in use today.