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1.1-1.2 Study Question Answers
Chemistry
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1.1
1. PhotosynthesisEquation was CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2
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2. Sucrose (or table sugar), carbon dioxide, and water
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3. Artificial sweeteners or synthetic fibers
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4. Basic research is carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge whereas applied research is carried out to solve a problem.
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1.2
1. Has mass and takes up space
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2. An atom
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3. Elements, element
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4. carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
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5. compound
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6. Water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
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7. Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter present whereas intensive properties are the same regardless of how much of the substance is present.
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8. volume, mass, and amount of energy in a substance
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9. Melting point, boiling point, density, and ability to conduct electricity
Also: ability to conduct heat
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10. A physical property is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance whereas a chemical property is observed when the substance undergoes changes that transform it into a different substance.
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11. Melting point and boiling point
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12. Ability to burn (combustibility, flammability), ability to rust, and ability to tarnish
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13. A physical change does not involve a change in the identity of the substance whereas in a chemical change one or more substances are converted into different substances.
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14. grinding, cutting, melting, and boiling
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15. Changes of state such as melting and boiling
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Rusting MeltingMilk souring CookingFlammable TarnishingFreezing EvaporatingCorroding DensityViscosity Freezing pointBoiling point Conducts electricity
Melting point BuoyancyReactivity Conducts heatTooth decaying BurningCondensing Dissolving
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Rusting – C Melting – P Milk souring – C Cooking – CFlammable - C Tarnishing – CFreezing – P Evaporating – PCorroding– C Density– PViscosity– P Freezing point– P Boiling point– P Conducts electricity– P
Melting point– P Buoyancy– P
Reactivity – C Conducts heat – P
Tooth decaying– C Burning – C
Condensing – P Dissolving – P
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4 states of matter
16. Solid has a definite shape and a definite volume
Liquidhas a definite volume but an indefinite shape
Gashas neither a definite shape nor a definite volume
Plasmaa high temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons
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17. Solids particles are held together by strong attractive forces and vibrate about fixed pointsLiquids particles in a liquid move more rapidly than in a solid, overcoming the strong attractive forces between them and allowing the liquid to flowGases particles move very rapidly and are at great distances from one another; the attractive forces between gas particles have less of an effect than in liquids and solids
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18. Chemical reactions
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19.Reactant Reactant Productcarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide
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20. yields
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21. Although energy can be absorbed or released in a change, it is not destroyed or created. It simply assumes a different form.