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Welcome to Welcome to ILC GDE Meeting ILC GDE Meeting
&& 9th ACFA ILC Physics and 9th ACFA ILC Physics and
Detector WorkshopDetector Workshop
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Hesheng Chen
Institute of High Energy Physics
Beijing 100049, China
Scientific Activities Scientific Activities
at Institute High Energy Physicsat Institute High Energy Physics
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Institute of High Energy Institute of High Energy PhysicsPhysics
Comprehensive and largest fundamental research center in China
Major research fields :Major research fields :– Particle physicsParticle physics– Accelerator technologies and applications Accelerator technologies and applications – Synchrotron radiation technologies and applicationsSynchrotron radiation technologies and applications1030 employees, ~ 650 physicists and engineers, 400 PhD Students and postdoctors
Established at 1950, and became an independent inEstablished at 1950, and became an independent institute at 1973 . stitute at 1973 .
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Research Divisions Experimental Physics center: BES, BESIII, CMS, Atlas… Particle Astrophysics Center : cosmic ray, astrophysics,
neutrino physics, particle astrophysics… Theory Division: particle physics, nuclear physics, field th
eory, cosmology… Accelerator Center: BEPC, BEPCII, high power proton a
ccelerator Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Lab. Nuclear Analysis Lab. Free Electron Laser Division Computer and Network Center Center of Hi-Tech R&D
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Bird’s Eye View of Bird’s Eye View of BEPCBEPC
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BEPC constructed in 1984 –1988 with beam energy: 1 – 2.8 GeV– Physics Run : Luminosity 1031cm-2s-1 @ 1.89GeV, 5 month/year– Synchrotron Radiation Run : 140mA @ 2.2 GeV, 3 month/year
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Main Physics Results from BESBES Precision measurement of mass: world average value
changed by 3, accuracy improved by factor of 10, and approved lepton universality.
R Measurement at 2-5GeV: R/R 15-20% →6.6%– Higgs mass prediction from SM– g-2 experiment – (Mz
2) -1 : 128.890±0.090 → 128.936 ± 0.046• Systematic study of (2S) and J/ decays.
Resonance X(1835) in with mass and width
are consistent with that of the S-wave resonance X(1860)
indicated by the pp mass threshold enhancement.
'/J
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LHC ExperimentsLHC Experiments
1. CMS – 1/3 of CSC at muon end caps– HV boards for RPC – RPC of barrel muon (Beijing Univ.) – Physics and MC
2. Atlas – Drift Monitor chambers– Physics and MC
3. LCG: Tier 2
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ILC R&D ILC R&D 1. Machine: – design of damp ring – positron source – SC cavity – ……2. Detector – RPC– GEM , TPC,
3. Physics: ITP, Tsinghua Univ. IHEP…
As BEPCII/BESIII go smoothly, more machine and detector people will move to ILC R&D.
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Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Observatory ( a.s.l. 4300m )
IHEP-INFN RPC China-Japan Air Shower Array
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AMS01 permanent magnet and structure were built at Beijing, and became the first big magnet in space as payload of Discovery June 1998.
• Search for antimatter and dark matter • precision measurement of isotopes
Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
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AMS02 ECAL: IHEP, LAPP and PISA
Space qualification at Beijing
AMS02 ECAL assembling at IHEP
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Hard X-ray Modulate Telescope Satellitescan sky for point sources
Charged particle shielding
Collimator
Crystals
PMTSupport structure
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BEPC
4w1
Diffuse ScatteringX-ray fluorescence
analysis
Topography
4B9
X-ray DiffractionSmall angle scattering
Photoemission SpectroscPopy
3B1
Lithography
3W1
Middle energy
4W1B
4W1A
4B9B
4B9A3B
1B
3B1A
3W1A
3W1B
4 wigglers and 13 beam lines. > 300 exp./year from > 100 institutions
Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility
1W1A
XAFS1W1B
High-pressure diffraction
LIGA
VUV
Macromolecular
3B3
1w1
4w2
3B3
Soft X-ray Optics
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Structure of third type of light–harvester protein. The structure diffraction data taken at BSRF.
More than 40 Protein structures obtained from BSRF
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2. BEPCII: High Lumi. Double–ring Collider
Build new ring inside existing ring . Two half new rings and two half old rings cross at two IR’s, forming a double ring collider.
BEPCII
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BEPC II Double ring Design• In the existing BEPC tunnel, add another ring, cross over at south a
nd north points, two equal rings for electrons and positrons. Advanced double-ring collision technology.
• 93 bunches , total current > 0.9A in each ring. • Collision spacing : 8 ns.• In south, collision with large cross-angle ( ±11 mr ) .• Calculated luminosity : 1033 cm-2 s-1 @ 3.78GeV of C.M. energy.• Linac upgrade: e+ 50mA/min. , Full energy injection up to 1.89GeV • In north cross point, connecting SR beam between two outer rings, in south cross point, use dipole magnet to bend the beam back to out
er ring.• SR run : 250mA @ 2.5 GeV.• Major detector upgrade : BES III.
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1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1 10 100 1000
GLC
ADONE
VEPP2000
KEK B and PEP II
KEK BPEP II
CESR
DAFNE
DAFNE2
BEPCIII
CESRc
Ecm
(GeV)
L (cm-2 sec-1)
VEPP2M
LEP
TRISTANPETRA
VEPP4MDORIS
SPEARBEPC
COLLIDERS
FACTORIES
SUPER FACTORIES
ee++-e-e-- Colliders: Past, Present and Future Colliders: Past, Present and Future
C. Biscari, Workshop on e+e- in 1-2 GeV Range, September 10-13, 2003, Italy
L (cm-2 s-1)
E (GeV)
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Physics at BEPCII/BESIII• Precision measurement of CKM matrix elements
• Precision test of Standard Model
• QCD and hadron production
• Light hadron spectroscopy
• Charmonium physics
• Search for new physics/new particles
Physics
Channel
Energy
(GeV)
Luminosity
(1033 cm–2s –1)
Events/year
J/ 3.097 0.6 1.0×1010
3.67 1.0 1.2×107
’ 3.686 1.0 3.0 ×109
D* 3.77 1.0 2.5×107
Ds 4.03 0.6 1.0×106
Ds 4.14 0.6 2.0×106
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Light Hadron spectroscopy• Baryon spectroscopy• Charmonium spectroscopy• Glueball searches• Search for non-qqbar states
1010 J/ events is probably
enough to pin down most
of problems of light hadron
spectroscopy
Spectrum of glueballs from LQCD
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Precision measurement of CKM — Branching rations of charm mesons
• Vcd /Vcs: Leptonic and semi-leptonic decays
• Vcb: Hadronic decays
• Vtd /Vts: fD and fDs from Leptonic decays
• Vub: Form factors of semi-leptonic decays
• Unitarity Test of CKM matrixCurrent BESIII
Vub 25% 5%
Vcd 7% 1%
Vcs 16% 1%
Vcb 5% 3%
Vtd 36% 5%
Vts 39% 5%
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QCD and Hadron production• R-value measurement• pQCD and non-pQCD boundary
• Measurement of s at low energies
• Hadron production at J/’, and continuum • Multiplicity and other topology of hadron event • BEC, correlations, form factors, resonance, etc.
Error on R (5)had (MZ
2)
6% 0.02761 ±0.00036
3% 0.02761 ±0.00030
2% 0.02761 ±0.00029
Errors on R will be reduced to 2% from currently 6%
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Stage #1: Linac upgrade reached designed specifications
RF Gallery
Linac Tunnel
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Performance of the BEPCII Linac
note: *) The values for 1.89 GeV is extrapolated from those of 1.30 GeV, should be measured when the energy is at 1.89 GeV.
parameters Design (BEPC) Achieved
Beam energy ( GeV ) 1.89 (1.55) 1.89 (e-); 1.89 (e+)
current (mA) e+ 37 (4) > 63
e- 500 (50) > 800
Repetition rate (Hz) 50 (12.5) 50
Emittance (mmmrad )
e+ 0.40 (1.70) 0.40±0.05
e- 0.10 (0.58) 0.09±0.03
Energy spread()
e+ 0.5 (0.8) 0.45 @ 1.89 GeV
e- 0.5 (0.8) 0.55 @ 1.89 GeV *)
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Stage #2: Storage Ring upgradereached Goal
1. Jan.- June 2005 SR running √
2. Production of Double ring components Finished√
3. Remove old ring√, install Double ring√
4. BESIII components√
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Storage Ring installation finished
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SC Quads at Interaction Region
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Beam was stored successfully in the storage ring Nov. 18. 2006
BSRF opened to light source users Dec. 25 2006
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BESIII Detector — Adapt to high event rate : 1033cm-2 s-1 and bunch spacing 8ns
— Reduce sys. errors for high statistics: photon measurement, PID…
— Increase acceptance , and give space for SC quads
Be beam pipe
SC magnet, 1TMagnet yoke
MDC, 120 m
CsI(Tl) calorimeter, 2.5 %@1 GeV
TOF, 90ps
RPC
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Main Drift Chamber• Small cell • 7000 Signal wires: 25m gold-plated tungsten • 22000 Field wires: 110 m gold-plated Aluminum • Gas: He + C3H8 (60/40)• Momentum resolution@1GeV: • dE/dX resolution: ~ 6%.
%37.0%32.0 t
P
Pt
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Current status of MDC• Wiring completed with good quality• Inner chamber and outer chamber assembled• Gas leakage test finished• Cosmic-ray test started
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Installation of HV Cables & Preamplifiers
33Cosmic ray test
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CsI(Tl) crystal calorimeter• Design goals:
– Energy: 2.5% @ 1GeV
– Spatial: 0.6cm @ 1GeV
• Crystals:– Barrel: 5280 w: 21564 kg– Endcaps: 960 w: 4051 kg– Total: 6240 w: 25.6 T
2 Photodiode+2 Preamp+ (1 Amplifier)Photodiode(PD): Hamamatsu S2744-08 (1cm x 2cm)Preamplifier noise: <1100 e (~220kev)Shaping time of amplifier: 1μs
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Cosmic rays test for Detector cells 5263 cells of barrel
Relative Light-output uniformity
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Support Structure of EMC Barrel
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Barrel EMC: view from inside
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PID: Time-Of-Flight counters• To measure the flight time of particles in order to identify them: m=P/(L/t)
Barrel TOF Endcap T
OF
High quality plastic scintillator: 2.4 m long, 5cm thick
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Test beam at IHEP: for various types of scintillators, thickness, wrapping materials, …
protons electrons104±11ps 70±2ps 94±3ps
pions
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system : RPC• 9 layer, 2000 m2
• Special bakelite plate w/o lineseed oil • 4cm strips, 10000 channels• Noise less than 0.1 Hz/cm2
• Good candidate for ILC HCAL and muon chamber
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Super-conducting magnet• Al stabilized NbTi/Cu conductor from Hitachi
• 1.0 T, <5% non-uniformity
• 921 turns, 3150A @4.5K
• R = 1.475 m, L=3.52m, cold mass 3.6t
• Thickness: 1.92 X0
• Inner-winding method
Esti mati on of the vol tage by quench
0. 050. 0
100. 0150. 0200. 0250. 0300. 0350. 0
1 2 4 8 10 20 30Quench Length (m)
Coil
Voltage (
mV
)
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BESIII Magnet ProgressThermal
insulation assembl
y
transportation
wiring
installation
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Field reached 1 teslaField reached 1 tesla
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Schedule• May – Oct. 04. : √
– Linac upgrade – BESII detector removing– Transformer system 630KW →1600KW
• Nov. 04 – June 05: Tuning and SR running √• July 05 – Oct. 06: Long shutdown
– Remove existing ring √– Upgrade infrastructure √– Install two rings:√
• Nov. 06 - Sep. 07: Tuning of machine + SR running • Oct. 07: BESIII detector moved into beam line• Nov. 07 : Starting machine-detector tuning. • Physics run by end of 2007
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Medium Term PlanMedium Term Plan• Charm physics @ BEPCII • Modulated hard X-ray telescope satellite• Neutrino experiments:
– Daya Bay Reactor neutrino to measure sin2213 – National underground Lab.– Cosmic ray Tau neutrino telescope– Very LBL oscillation experiment: J-Prac→ Beijing
• Yangbajing Cosmic ray Observatory• LHC exp. And ILC • High power proton Accelerator:
– Chinese Spallation Neutron Source 100KW→200 KW– Accelerator Driven Subcritical system
• Hard X-ray FEL• Convert BEPC into dedicated SR source after BEPCII fi
nished physics runningIHEP extents research fields, to protein structure, nano-sci
ence, material science… → Multiple Sciences Center
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Parameterization of neutrino mixing
6 fundamental parameters in neutrino physics : Known : | m2
32|,sin2232 , m221,sin2221
Unknown: sin22 , , sign of m232
Exp. : reactor VLBL oscillation
Daya Bay Reactor J-Parc → Beijing
Neutrino mixing parameters
U 1 0 0
0 cos23 sin23
0 sin23 cos23
cos13 0 e i sin13
0 1 0
e i sin13 0 cos13
cos12 sin12 0
sin12 cos12 0
0 0 1
e
Ue1 Ue2 Ue3U1 U2 U3
U1 U2 U 3
1
2
3
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3535大亚湾与岭澳核电站大亚湾与岭澳核电站
大亚湾核电站大亚湾核电站 岭澳核电站岭澳核电站
Daya bay reactor neutrino experiment with sensitivity of 0.01 to sin22
Daya bay reactor neutrino experiment with sensitivity of 0.01 to sin22
Daya Bay NPPDaya Bay NPP LingAo NPPLingAo NPP
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CSNS layout
Linac: H-beam, RFQ, 81 MeV (DTL) →230 MeV (SCL)
Rapid-cycling synchrotron: 1.6 GeV at 25 Hz
Chinese Spallation Neutron Source
CSNS primary parameters
Phase I Phase II Phase II’
Beam power on target [kW] 120 240 500
Proton energy on target [GeV] 1.6 1.6 1.6
Average beam current [A] 76 151 315
Pulse repetition rate [Hz] 25 25 25
Protons per pulse [1013] 1.9 3.8 7.8
Linac energy [MeV] 81 134 230
Linac type DTL DTL DTL+SCL
Target number 1 1 1 or 2
Target material Tungsten
Moderators H2O (300K), CH4(100K), H2(20K)
Number of spectrometers 7 18 >18
CSNS ParametersCSNS Parameters
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Thanks !