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INTRODUCTION TO PNEUMATICAND HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
(JJ512)
Prepared by:
NIK NOOR ZILAWATI BINTI NIK AB RAHMAN
MOHD AMIRUL BIN JOHARI
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SYNOPSIS
Provide knowledge and understanding to
P&H circuits, equipment and design along
with usage in the industrial sector.
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COURSES LEARNING OBJEKTIF:
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:-
1. Classify the basic concept and function of P&H system.(C4)
2. Construct accurately pneumatic, electro pneumatic and
hydraulic circuit. (P5)
3. Report briefly P&H experiments in group. (A3)
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PNEUMATIC HISTORY
Origins
1st century, when ancient Greek mathematicianHero of Alexandria wrote about his inventions
powered by steam or wind. However, none of his
discussions revealed thoughts of using the devices
for transporting objects.
-German physicist Otto von Guericke (1602 to 1686) went a little
further. He invented the vacuum pump,
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Capsule Transportation
With the invention of the capsule in 1886, people now had a container to put items in to
transport them from place to place. People in Victorian England were the first known to usecapsule pipelines to transmit telegrams from one telegraph station to another.
Postal Systems
Scottish engineer William Murdoch (1754 to 1839) was the first to apply pneumatics topostal services, but there is little evidence that he went further than suggesting thetransmission of letters and packages through pneumatic tubes. American merchant JohnWanamaker (1838 to 1922) installed a pneumatic system in the United States Post Office.
PNEUMATIC HISTORY
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Public Transportation
Pneumatics was also applied to public transportation. A notable
example is the efforts of American inventor Alfred Beach (1826 to
1896). In 1867, Beach demonstrated a pipe able to transport a
handful of passengers, giving birth to the pneumatic subway line.
However, the line only lasted for a few months, terminated afterBeach was unable to gain permission to extend the distance of the
subway.
PNEUMATIC HISTORY
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Today
Pneumatics is neither in wide use today, nor is it exciting
curiosity. That can be credited to ever-advancing technology.
However, its lasting mark is the tube terminals at bank drive-
throughs.
PNEUMATIC HISTORY
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EXAMPLE OF PNEUMATIC
APPLICATION
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PNEUMATIC BLOCK DIAGRAM
Compressor Receiver Dryer FRL Unit Control
ValveActuator
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Pneumatic control system
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To determine the status of processor(Sensor).
Information processing(processor)
Switching of actuator by mean of final
control elements. Carrying out of works(actuators)
MAJOR APPLICATION OF
COMPRESSED AIR
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CLAMPING
SHIFTING POSITIONING
ORIENTING
BRANCHING OF MATERIAL FLOW
GENERAL METHOD OF MATERIAL
HANDLING
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GENERAL APPLICATION
Packaging
Filling Metering
Locking
Driving axes Door or chute control
Transfer of material and etc.
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Linear
Swivel Rotary
TYPES OF PNEUMATIC MOTION
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ADVANTAGES OF PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
Air is available practically everywhere in unlimited quantities.
Air can be easily transport in pipelines, even over large distance.
Compressed air can be stored in a reservoir and removed as required.In addition, the reservoir can be transportable.
Compressed air is relatively insensitivity to temperature fluctuations.This ensure reliable operation, even under extreme conditions.
Compressed air offers no risk of explosion or fire.
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ADVANTAGES OF PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
Unlubricated exhausted air is clean. Any unlubricated air whichescapes through leaking pipes does not cause contamination.
Simple construction and relatively inexpensive.
Very fast working medium and high working speed.
Can be loaded to the point of stopping and therefore overload
safe.
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DISADVANTAGES OF PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
Required good preparation
Possible to achieve uniform and constant speeds
Economical to certain force requirements 6-7 bar.
The exhaust air is loud.
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SELECTION CRITERIA FOR THE CONTROL
SECTION
Reliability of components
Sensitivity to environment
Ease of maintenance Switching time of components
Signal speed
Space
Service life Modification of the control system
Training
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HTTP://WWW.SMC.EU/PORTAL/NE
W_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_C
AT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDF
http://www.smc.eu/PORTAL/NEW_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_CAT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDFhttp://www.smc.eu/PORTAL/NEW_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_CAT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDFhttp://www.smc.eu/PORTAL/NEW_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_CAT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDFhttp://www.smc.eu/PORTAL/NEW_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_CAT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDFhttp://www.smc.eu/PORTAL/NEW_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_CAT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDFhttp://www.smc.eu/PORTAL/NEW_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_CAT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDFhttp://www.smc.eu/PORTAL/NEW_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_CAT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDFhttp://www.smc.eu/PORTAL/NEW_EBP/18)INTRODUCTION_OF_CAT/18.1)INTRO/C)PNEUMATICS_S/PN_SYMBOLS_EU.PDF -
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BASIC PNEUMATIC CIRCUIT
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TO BE CONTINUED.
NEXT WEEK
insyaAllah..