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01/07/2008
JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENT
AIST - Biomass Technology Research Center
and
UFRJ – Chemistry Institute
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01/07/2008
COLLABORATION AREA
Research on Sustainable Biofuel Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Resources
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PRINCIPLESSustainable zero-carbon emission total system of biofuels production
No competition with food production
Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass resources
Mainly from sugarcane biomass residue (bagasse)
Using non- acidic pretreatments
Enzymatic hydrolysis
Ethanol fermentation
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Estimate for 2008 (April 29th)
•Biggest production ever
Brazil will produce 26.4 - 27.4 billion liters of ethanol
From 607.8 to 631.5 million tons of sugarcane will be harvested
Figures are 14.9% to 19.4% higher in comparison to 2007
4.2 billion liters will be exported
(2.5 billion liters to the USA)
Source: www.conab.gov.br
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Biomass Ethanol
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MechanizedStrawHaverst
Non mechanized
Sugarcane Plantation
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Ethanol from Biomass Residue
Straw
and/or
Bagasse
ETHANOL
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ENZYMATIC Saccharification
Buffer treated corn stover Enzyme treated corn stover
Acknowledgement NREL - USA
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Total sugarcane production 600.000.000.000
Total bagasse production (28% of sugarcane - 50% moisture)
168.100.000.000
Total dry bagasse production 84.000.000.000
Surplus bagasse (12% dry bagasse) 10.000.000.000
Theoretical ethanol yield from sugarcane biomass cellulose
1 Kg of bagasse: 0.24L
10.000.000.000 Kg of bagasse:
2.400.000.000 L
Bagasse production and availability/year (kg)
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01/07/2008
ETHANOL PRODUCTION VIA ENZYMATIC
HYDROLYSIS OF SUGAR-CANE BAGASSE AND STRAW
BRAZILIAN BIOETHANOL PROJECT
Elba P. S. Bon - Scientific Coordinator
Chemistry Institute
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil
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RESEARCH NETWORK to develop in Brazil
the technology for the conversion of the
sugarcane biomass (bagasse and straw) into
fuel ethanol using enzymatic hydrolysis.
The BIO-ETHANOL Project - Synopsis
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• Development of biomass pre-treatment processes for sugar cane bagasse and straw
• Raw and pre-treated biomass characterization
• Cellulases / xylanases production
• Enzymatic hydrolysis
• Sugars syrups characterization
• Ethanol fermentation (C6)
• C5 sugars and lignin uses
• Energy optimisation
• Effluents and water
Main Research Areas
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Pre-treatment
HarvestPre
treatmentEnzymati
chydrolys
is
Fermentation
DestilationSugarcane biomass Ethanol
Enzyme Productio
n
•Steam explosion
•Milling
Trichoderma reesei RUT C30
and Aspergillus awamori
Process Overview
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Enzymes Production Area
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Enzyme cost contribution and effectiveness depends on the biomass source and pre-treatment conditions
Development of “tailored made” enzyme blends for sugarcane biomass
Use of crude “cellulase/xylanase /accessory enzymes” preparations
“In house” production to reduce cost
Principles
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Sugarcane bagasse enzymatic hydrolysis using Trichoderma
reesei cellulase
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Sugarcane Bagasse Treated Sugarcane Bagasse
BIOMASS
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STBA Hydrolysis - 25g/ L - 10 FPU/ g
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (hours)
glu
cose g/L g/L
LAC GC 220 Spezyme
HYDROLYSIS RESULTS
Yield em 48 h
LAC 71%
GC 220 68%
Spezyme CP 68%
Hydrolysis of STEAM TREATED bagasse in presence of an ACID CATALYST – Lund University
(STBA - 53% cellulose)
ENZYMES
•GC 220 (Genencor)
•Spezyme CP (Genencor)
•Produced on lactose (LAC)
FPU/BGU
LAC: 1
CG 220: 0,70
Spezyme CP: 0,75
HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS
Volume: 100 mL
Bagasse conc.: 25 g/L
ENZYME LOAD: 10 FPU/G
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Preliminary hydrolysis experiments using milled Eucalyptus provided by the AIST Biomass Research Centre
JAPAN
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HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS USING Eucalyptus
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MILLING DOES NOT
USE WATER, HIGH TEMPERATURE OR PRESSURE
ALTER THE BIOMASS COMPONENTS CHEMICALLY (ADVANTAGE FOR BIOREFINARY)
GENERATE INHIBITORS FOR THE HYDROLYSIS AND FERMENTATION STEPS
GENERATE POLLUTANT WATER STREAMS AND SALT
MAY BE EASIER TO SCALE UP IN COMPARISON TO STEAM EXPLOSION
IT IS SAFER TO OPERATE
ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND MAINTENANCE ARE THE SENSITIVE ASPECTS
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MILLED EUCALYPTUS HYDROLYSIS RESULTS
Milled Eucalyptus particle size: 25 micrometer
Eucalyptus contains 42% of cellulose
Hydrolysis: biomass 25g/L, 10 FPU/g, 50ºC, 200 rpm
Hydrolysis yields: 98% using the ENZYTEC blend and 92% using the Acremonium enzyme
Faster process using the ENZYTEC enzyme
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STBA Hydrolysis - 25g/ L - 10 FPU/ g
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (hours)
glu
cose g/L g/L
LAC GC 220 Spezyme
HYDROLYSIS RESULTS
Yield em 48 h
LAC 71%
GC 220 68%
Spezyme CP 68%
Hydrolysis of STEAM TREATED bagasse in presence of an ACID CATALYST – Lund University
(STBA - 53% cellulose)
ENZYMES
•GC 220 (Genencor)
•Spezyme CP (Genencor)
•Produced on lactose (LAC)
FPU/BGU
LAC: 1
CG 220: 0,70
Spezyme CP: 0,75
HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS
Volume: 100 mL
Bagasse conc.: 25 g/L
ENZYME LOAD: 10 FPU/G
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Sugarcane biomass hydrolysis using the ENZITEC enzyme blend
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HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS (STBA – 53% cellulose)
• 130 g/L of treated sugarcane bagasse
• ENZITEC blend – 10 FPU/g
• Sodium citrate buffer pH 4.8
• Temperature - 50ºC
• Agitation - 200 rpm
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STBA HYDROLYSIS RESULTS
STBA
+ ENZITEC Enzyme
Glucose Syrup60 g/L (87%Yield)
Ethanol
fermentation
Lignin
Solid hydrophobic fuel
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Obrigada!