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音标复习
• 姜堰区南苑学校 英语组 邓生贵
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The Alphabet
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International Phonetic Phonetic symbolssymbols (国际音(国际音标)标)
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How many phonetic symbols are there?
48 phonetic symbols
Vowel sounds Consonants
Pure vowels
diphthongs Voiceless C. Voiced C.
[i:] [i] [ :] ɜ [ə] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]
[α:] [ʌ]
[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [iə] [ɛə] [uə]
[əu] [au]
[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [Ѳ][ʃ] [ʧ]
[tr] [ʦ][h]
[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ð] [ӡ] [dӡ]
[dr] [dz] [r] [l]
[m] [n] [ŋ] [w] [j][e] [æ]
48 个音标
元音音标 辅音音标
单元音 双元音 清辅音 浊辅音
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单元音
[i:] [i] [ :] [ ] ɜ ə[ :] [ ] ɔ ɔ[u:] [u] [α:] [ ]ʌ[e] [æ]
12个
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元音 元音 vowels (20vowels (20 个个 ) ) 1. 1. [ i:] – e, ee, ea, ey, i A: Tea or coffee? B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please.[ i ] – i, e, y, ey… His little sister is sitting in the middle.[ e ] – e, ea, ai … Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Till good is better. And better best.[ æ ] – a Cat, cat! Catch that black rat!
he see, read, key, policeman
is, English, busy, money
red, then, head, again
hat, bag, can, apple
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CompareCompare
1. it--eat 2. live—leave 3. fill—feel 4 . sit—seat5. trip—tree 6. bit—bee 7. ship—sheep 8. slip—sleep9. fit—feet 10. rid—read
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CompareCompare
1.bat--bet 2. bad—bed
3. bag—beg 4. sat—set
5. sad—said 6. dad—
dead
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• [ɜ:] – ir, ur or The early bird catches the worm
first.
• [ ə ] – er, a, e
The farmer’s sister is a doctor.• [a:] – ar, a… It’s far to the farm from the park.• [Λ] – o, u Come to the front on the double.
clever, ruler, panda, open
girl, shirt, purple, work
love, colour, us, duck
half, class, park, hard
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earth nurse skirt
learn her word
Read the wordsRead the words
ear( 不单独出现时 ) ur ir er or
[[ɜ:]
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Phrases
[ə:] A dirty skirt
hurt a bird
Learn to work
worse and worse
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Read the wordsRead the words
ago again address
hundred parent license
water August banana
today colour policeman
a e er o our
在非重读音节中
[ə]
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[ə]
Phrases
Sooner or later
Autumn and August
Worker and farmer
about the picture of the teacherer, or 位于词末发 [ə] ,除了 her以外 her [[ɜ:]
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Compare [Λ] [a:]
1.cut--card 2. luck—lark
3.duck—dark 4. far—fun
5.mud—mark 6. bus—
bath
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[a:] [Λ]['fɑ:ðə] ['sʌpə]
[,ɑ:ftə:'nu:n] ['sΛndi]
['pa:ti] [bΛs]
[fa:m] [sΛn]
['ba:skit] [bΛt]
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or, al, au, ar—[ :כ ]
My daughter who’s forty-four is a lawyer.
o, a – [ כ]
The little pot is so hot.
[u:] – oo, u, ou, oe…
How do you do? You look really cool.
[u] – oo
Look at the cookbook. It’s really good.
shop, sorry, watch, what
morning, call, autumn, warm
football, wood, classroom, book
soon, ruler, soup, shoe
good, cook, foot, look, wood,book,wool
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Compare [כ] [כ: ]
1.pot--pork 2. lot—lord
3. not—north 4. fox—forks
5.shot—short 6. spot—
sport
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Compare[כ: ] [ :ɜ ]•walk — work •short—shirt•warm—word•door---dirty•floor--- sir
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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[ i:] [ i ] [ e ] [æ]
[ɔɔ:] [ɒɒ ] [u:] [ʊ]
ΛΛ [a:] [ ] [ə:] [ə ]
单元音单元音 vowels (12vowels (12个个 ))
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[ i:] [ɪ] [ e ] [æ]
[ɔɔ:] [ɒ ] [u:] [ʊ]
ΛΛ [a:] [ ] [ə:] [ə ]
单元音单元音 pure vowelspure vowels(12(12个个 ))
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双元音双元音双元音双元音[eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ ] [ɪə ] [eə ] [ʊə ]
[əʊ ] [aʊ ]
88 个个
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[eɪ ] – a, ai, ay, ea, ei
Rain, rain go away. Little Johnny wants to play.
[aɪ] – i, y
Out of sight, out of mind.
[ɔɪ ]—oy, oi
Soybean oil is my choice.
[əʊ ] – o, oa, ow,
Go and open the window, Joe, and show me
the photo.
[aʊ] – ou, ow
I found a mouse in the house.
game, rain, play, great
five, idea, try, goodbye
boy, toy, point, oil
old, hello, coat, show
about, round, down, town
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face same game play waste
hate late hay today train
Read the wordsRead the words
life quiet mind library
night die shy white lie high
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Phrases
[eɪ]hate to be late
save her face
never waste
meet the first lady
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[aɪ]
Phrases
the blue sky
in the countryside
Out of sight ,out of mind
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[aɪ]
写法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 [→2 [ ai →3 [aɪ]
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road coat goat boat
cold smoke go home hope
Read the wordsRead the words
how about shout cow loud
mouse ground hour brown mouth
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Phrases
[aʊ ] go for an outing
between ourselves read aloud
out of date
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Phrases
[əʊ ] Gold Coast (海岸)
make a toast ( 吐司 )be all bones
the local language
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[aʊ ]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
写法
1 [→2 [au →3 [aʊ ]
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Read the words
Boys and girls,
please pay attention to “ oy ”!
boy toy joy soy
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Read the words
Now please pay Now please pay attention to “ oi ”!attention to “ oi ”!
oioil sl soioil bl boioil l
ccoioin pn poioint nnt noioisese
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[ɪə ] – ear, eer, ea
We are near the end of the year.
[eə] – ere, air, are, eir
Where there is a will, there is a way.
[ʊə] – ure, our
It’s sure to be good for the tourists.
hear, year, deer, really
there, chair, careful, their
sure, tour, poor, February
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[ʊə]写法
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 [→2 [ʊə →[ʊə ]
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Read the wordsRead the words
[ɪə] ear dear hear tear
clear here beer
[ʊə] pear pair where wear dare
care share hair stair
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Read the phrases [ɪə]• come here• drink the beer• very clear• fear nothing • here and there• Cheering with tears
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Learn the phrases Learn the phrases [ʊə]
• share your banana with monkey• eat a lot of pears• a rare metal• run bare foot• at the trade fair
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Read the words Read the words [[ʊə]] sure unsure poor tour
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Tongue TwisterTongue Twister
• Sure sure sure, Poor poor poor, I’m sure you know I’m poor, So I can’t go to make a tour.
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[eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [ɪə] [eə] [ʊə] [əʊ] [aʊ]
[i:] [i] [e] [æ] [a:] [ ] [ə:] [ə] [ɔɔ:] [ɒ[ɒ ] [u:]
[ʊ]
ΛΛ
元音元音 vowels (20vowels (20个个 ))
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辅音辅音 2828 个个辅音辅音 2828 个个
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•辅音 辅音 Consonants Consonants (28(28 个个 ) ) 1.1. 爆破音爆破音• [[p] Practice makes perfect.p] Practice makes perfect.
• [b] Barry found a big bug on her [b] Barry found a big bug on her
bed.bed.
• [t] This is a hat, that’s a cap.[t] This is a hat, that’s a cap.
• [d] The doorman told David to go [d] The doorman told David to go
down.down.
• [k] Don’t kit the kitten.[k] Don’t kit the kitten.
• [g] A good beginning makes a good [g] A good beginning makes a good
ending.ending.
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[p][p] [b][b]
ppay --- ay --- bbayay
ppear – ear – bbearear
ppen --- en --- BBenen
ppig --- ig --- bbigig
[p][p] [b][b]
cacapp --- ca --- cabb
lalapp --- la --- labb
tatapp --- ta --- tabb
roropepe --- ro --- robebe
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[t][t] [d][d]
ttown – own – ddownown
ttie – ie – ddieie
ttear – ear – ddearear
ttouch – ouch – DDutchutch
[t][t] [d][d]
benbentt – ben – bendd
righrightt – ri – ridede
lenlentt – len – lendd
bebett – be – bedd
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两清辅音一起时,后一个清辅音变成浊辅音,或叫浊化 [sp] →[sb]
[st] →[sd] [ sk] →[sg]•speak spit spy •study star start •sky school screen
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[k][k] [g][g]
KKate – ate – ggateate
ccard – ard – gguarduard
ccould – ould – ggoodood
ccoat – oat – ggoatoat
[k][k] [g][g]
pipickck – pi – pigg
flaflakk – fla – flagg
babackck – ba – bagg
LoLockck – lo – logg
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• 2. 鼻音[ m ] May I have some milk,
mum?[ n ] Nora knows the new comer.[ ŋ ] Lingling is listening to the
song.Compare n [ n ] ng /nk [ ŋ]
in—ink sin-sing thin---thing
than—thank son---song
[ K ] [ g ] 前的 n 发 [ŋ]
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3.摩擦音[f] If you buy fish, make sure it’s fresh.
[v] Victor is very clever.
[ ] Thank you for your table cloth.
[ ð ] Those are far and these are near.
[ s ] Sandy has a new swimming suit.
[ z ] What size of shoes does Daisy wear?
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•[ ] sure, she, national
• Wash the fish, please.•[ ʒ ] pleasure, television
•George measured the garage with pleasure.
•[ h ] have hot, who whole hate house
•Helen holds her hands.•[ r ] read, write, wrong•Are you ready to read?
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4.4. 破擦音破擦音
[ t ] He teaches children how to play
chess.
[d ] John likes to tell jokes.
[ tr ] There’re lots of trucks in the street.
[ dr ] He likes strong drinks.
[ ts ] The students are wearing white
shirts.
[dz] Take away your dirty hands.
ʒ
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•5) 舌边音 : • [l] land, world 如果在后面 读 [ ł ]
little, middle, castle , puzzle•What a beautiful bicycle!•6) 半元音 : • [ w ] wall, what, answer •The homework every week is
very hard. • [ j ] yes yellow year•Yes, your yellow skirt is wet.
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light night right
lock knock rock
lot not rot
lead need read
lice nice rice
compare:
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1. Red lorry, yellow lorry, red
lorry, yellow lorry.
2. Let’s look for leaves in the
large lake with a long ladder.
Tongue twisters
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成音节 [m] , [n] , [l]• 英语辅音字母中有 3 个辅音 [m] , [n] ,
[l] 是响音,它们和辅音音素结合,也可构成音节,也叫成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾,一般是非重读音节。如:
• apple [`æpl] , table [`teibl] ,• middle [`midl], little [`litl] ,• garden [`ga:dn] , lesson [`lesn], • physical [`fisikl] , realism [`ri:lizm] 等
等。
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[ p] [ b ] [ t ] [d ] [ k ] [ g ] [ f ] [v] [s][z]
[ h] [w] [ j ]
[ ] [ ] [t ] [d ]
ʒ ʒ
[ tr ][dr] [ts][dz]
[m] [n] [ŋ] [ l ] [ r ]
[ ] [ ]ðθ
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Goodbye!