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■ SSWH3 The student will examine the political, philosophical, and cultural interaction of Classical Mediterranean societies from 700 BCE to 400 CE. a. Compare the origins and structure of the Greek polis, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire
■Essential Question:–What were the lasting characteristics
of the Roman Republic & the Roman Empire?
■Warm-Up Question:–What is Hellenism?–Why was Alexander of Macedonia
considered “great”?
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In addition to Greece, a significant classical civilization
was ancient Rome
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Impact of Geography on Rome:Identify 1 geographic feature & propose how it might impact the culture of Rome
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The Geography of Rome Rome was located on the Italian peninsula
along the Mediterranean Sea The Romans were influenced by the
Greeks & neighboring Etruscans
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The Culture of Ancient RomeRoman religion was polytheistic
& based on the Greek gods (usually only the names changed)
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The Culture of Ancient Rome
Roman writing was called
Latin & was based on
Greek writing
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The Culture of Ancient Rome
Roman architecture borrowed heavily from Greek styles
Like Greek agoras, Roman cities had a forum for markets
& public gatherings
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The Culture of Ancient RomeSociety was divided among 3 major groups:At the top were the nobles, called patricians, who controlled most of the land & held key military & gov’t positions (made up 5% of Roman citizens)
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The Life of the Patricians
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The Culture of Ancient RomeSociety was divided among 3 major groups:Most people were commoners, called plebeians, who were farmers, shopkeepers, or peasants; Plebeians paid the majority of taxes (made up 95% of Roman citizens)
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The Life of the Plebeians
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The Culture of Ancient RomeSociety was divided among 3 major groups:
At the bottom of society were slaves & other non-Roman citizens
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Quick Class Discussion:
Based upon this image, what was
Roman government
like?
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The Government of Ancient Rome
Rome was originally ruled by kings, but in 509 B.C. the Romans
created a republic
A republic is a form of government in which citizens have the power
to elect their leaders
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The most important feature of the republic was the Senate, whose 300 members were
elected by citizens to make laws & taxes
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The Government of Ancient Rome In 451 B.C., government
officials wrote down Rome’s laws onto the Twelve Tables which
were hung in the forum for all citizens to see
The Twelve Tables were based on the idea that
all citizens had a right to the protection of the law
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The Roman Military
Rome was protected by an advanced army that was divided into
groups of 5,000 soldiers called legions
Each legion was divided into smaller groups of 80 men called a century
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Closure Activity
■Compare governments (Rome, Greece, Han, Gupta) of the ancient world:–Complete the chart on the back of
your notes