Diagrams that are examples and non-examples of a specific concept will be shown
Make your own observations and try to notice what concept surrounds the examples
Keep your observations to yourself, we will share them with each other later
Test diagrams will follow to see if you have made the right observations
Examples1) Sand in water2) Quartz crystal3) Cigarette smoke4) Brass trumpet5) Pepper
Non-examples1) Distilled water2) Diamond crystal3) Neon gas in tube4) Silver trumpet5) Salt
What do you think?
What do all the examples have in common?
What do all the non-examples have in common?
All the examples showed pictures of mixtures sand in water, quartz crystal, cigarette
smoke, brass trumpet, pepper, milk, oil in water, salt water, honey
All the non-examples were pictures of pure substances distilled water, diamond, neon gas, silver
trumpet, salt, pencil lead
Matter Flowchart
MATTER
Can it be physically separated?
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element
MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE
yes no
Can it be chemically decomposed?
noyesIs the composition uniform?
noyes
Colloids Suspensions
A pure substance contains only one kind of molecule.
That molecule can be either an element or a compound.
Ex. Water is a compound of H-O-H. Ex. A diamond is an element molecule of
C-C-C (n) It can’t be separated by physical means
Element Compound
Elements are composed of identical atoms
EX: copper wire, aluminum foil
Compounds are made of two or more different elements in a fixed proportion
EX: Salt (NaCl)
A) A clear, colourless liquid that can be chemically split into two gases – each with different properties
B) A yellow solid that always has the same properties and cannot be broken down chemically
C) A colourless gas that burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
Mixtures
Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances (or other mixtures).
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
A homogeneous mixture is a mixture with only one visible phase (dissolved substance in solvent)
Original state of solute Solvent Examples
Gas Gas Air, natural gas
Gas Liquid Carbonated drinks, water in rivers containing oxygen
Gas Solid Hydrogen in platinum
Liquid Gas Water vapour in air, gasoline-air mixture
Liquid Liquid Alcohol in water, antifreeze
Liquid Solid Amalgams, such as mercury in silver
Solid Gas Mothballs in air
Solid Liquid Sugar or salt in water
Solid Solid Alloys, copper-nickel in coins
Mixtures: Heterogeneous
Solutions homogeneous small-sized particles No Tyndall effect (do not scatter light) particles don’t settle EX: tea
Mixtures: Homogeneous
Some metals that we use every day exist because they are mixtures.
Bronze = tin + copper
Brass = copper + zinc
These metal mixtures are called ALLOYS
Mixtures: Heterogeneous
Colloids homogeneous medium-sized particles Tyndall effect (do scatter light) particles don’t settle EX: milk
A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture with two or more visible phases
Mixtures: HeterogeneousSuspension
heterogeneous large particles Tyndall effect (do scatter light) particles settle EX: fresh-squeezed
lemonade
Mixtures & the Tyndall Effect- scattering of light by particles - a way to tell the difference
between solutions and colloids and suspensions
Mixtures & the Tyndall Effect
Laser light passes through Laser light passes through Laser light does NOT pass No scattering with scattering through – most/all light is
scattered
Mixtures & the Tyndall Effect
More Terms…
Each Element is made of one kind of atom.
An atom is the smallest indivisible particle of matter
A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms
Oxygen HydrogenWater