dorothea orem’s self care theory
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DOROTHEA OREM’S SELF-CARE THEORY
THREE SUB THEORIES
Self Care Theory
Self Care Deficit Theory
Nursing Systems
Theory
SELF CARE THEORY Self-Care The practice of
activities that individuals personally initiate and perform on their own behalf in maintaining health, life, and well-being.
When self-care is effectively performed, it helps to
maintain structural integrity and human functioning, and
it contributes to human development
SELF CARE THEORY Self-care agency - complex acquired ability to meet one’s continuing
requirements for care that regulates life processes; maintains integrity of human structure, functioning and development and promotes well being (Orem,1991)
Basic conditioning factors that affect an individual’s ability to engage in self-care:
age gender developmental state health state sociocultural orientation family system factors resource adequacy and availability
SELF CARE THEORY Self-Care Requisites - actions or measures used to
provide self care
Three Categories:1. Universal self-care requisites2. Developmental self-care requisites3. Health-deviation self-care requisites
SELF-CARE REQUISITES
Universal self-care requisites - common to all individual
1. Sufficient intake of air
2. Sufficient intake of water3. Sufficient intake of food4. Satisfactory eliminative
functions5. Activity balanced with rest6. Balanced time spent alone
and with others7. Prevention of danger to
self8. Being Normal
SELF-CARE REQUISITES
Developmental self-care requisites
Two Categories:1. Conditions that
support life processes and promote specific developmental stages.
2. Conditions affecting human development.
DEVELOPMENTAL SELF-CARE REQUISITES
Conditions that support life processes and promote specific developmental stages.
a. Intra-uterine life and birth
b. Neonatal lifec. Infancyd. Childhoode. Adolescencef. Adulthoodg. Pregnancy
DEVELOPMENTAL SELF-CARE REQUISITES
Provision of care to prevent occurrence of deleterious effects of adverse conditions.
Example:
Provision of adequate rest and nutrition during pregnancy.
Provision of care to prevent or overcome existing or potential deleterious effects of particular conditions or life events.
- Educational deprivation
- Social adaptation problem
- Loss of significant others
- Loss of possessions or job
- Sudden change in living
condition
- Change in status
(social/economic)
- Poor health / disability
- Terminal illness or
expected death
- Environmental hazards
CONDITIONS AFFECTING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
HEALTH-DEVIATION SELF-CARE REQUISITES
Needs resulting from an illness, injury or its treatment
HEALTH-DEVIATION SELF-CARE REQUISITES
Six Categories:
1. Seeking and securing appropriate medical
assistance
2. Being aware of and attending to the effects and
results of pathologic conditions and states
3. Effectively carrying out medically prescribed
diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative measures
HEALTH-DEVIATION SELF-CARE REQUISITES
4. Being aware of and attending to or regulating the
discomforting or deleterious effects of prescribed
medical care measures
5. Modifying the self – concept in accepting oneself as
being in a particular state of health and in need of
specific forms of health care
6. Learning to live with the effects of pathologic
conditions and states of medical diagnostic and
treatment measures in a life-style that promotes
continued personal development
REFERENCES:
Anonuevo, C. Abaquin, C. et. al. (2000). Theoretical Foundations of Nursing. Philippines: UP Open University.
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