DOG

Daily Oral Geography

• What is Geography?

• Study of where things are on Earth, why they are there, and their relationships to people, things, or other places

• Who are geographers?

• Study where things are and why• Use THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY to learn

about the world

FIVE THEMES of GEOGRAPHY1. LOCATION

Our position on Earth’s surfaceAbsolute Location: tells exactly where something is located109 Third Street49°N, 25°WRelative Location: tells where something is located in relation to a place you already knowFive blocks north of the high school

Globe: small model of our round-shaped planet EarthMap: flat representation of Earth

Latitude + Longitude = grid

MAPS

• Grids - marked with numbers and letters• Direction • Scale 1” = 35 miles 1 cm = 20 km• Keys/Legends - tell what the symbols mean• Title

Map Projections

Map projections distort landforms

Types of Maps

Political: shows location of countries, states, and provinces with boundary lines of governments (can change)

Physical: location of an area’s physical features - rivers, lakes, mountains, plateaus, valleys, seas (don’t change much)

2. PLACEused to describe the cultural and natural features

Physical Characteristics: landforms, vegetation, and climate combine in different ways to give a place unique physical characteristics. Physical characteristics include the following:* Oceans: largest water masses on earth* Pacific Ocean* Atlantic Ocean* Indian Ocean* Arctic Ocean*Seas*Mediterranean Sea*Caribbean Sea*North Sea*Black Sea

*Other Bodies of Water*gulfs*lakes*rivers*streams*ponds

*Continents: 7 parts of Earth's land massNorth AmericaSouth AmericaAfricaAsiaAustraliaAntarcticaEurope

*Atmosphere: where weather develops*Climate: main kind of weather in an area;

affected by distance from the equator; precipitation makes a difference in climate

Natural Vegetation Regions

• Savannah• Steppe• Tundra• Tropical Rainforests

Place: Human Characteristics• Cultural: language, religion, and beliefs define a place’s

human character• Helps make you more aware of what makes a place

special* Cultural * NaturalLanguage LandscapeClothing PlantsBuildings Animal Life Music ClimateFoods

3. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

• Study to learn how people use Earth’s resources and how that affects geographical systems

• Changes and adaption's to surroundings (irrigation, skyscrapers)

• There are always advantages and disadvantages to living in an area

Decisions People Make to Adapt to the Environment

• People depend on the environment• People modify their environment• People adapt to their environment

4. MOVEMENT

• How people, ideas, information, and products move around the world

• Factors of movement* PUSH FACTORS *PULL FACTORS

War ExplorationReligion JobsFreedom Money

• Geographers understand what effects movement has had on people and the environment

• Geographers learn how ideas move

5. REGIONS

• Areas that have certain characteristics in common

• Geographers divide the world into regions• Used as a theme to make comparisons• A region has natural and cultural features

distinct from other places