who are we trying to include? eight year demographic study reveals traits of transitioning young...

Who Are We Trying to Include?

Eight Year Demographic Study Reveals Traits of Transitioning Young Emirati Adults in a Rapidly Developing Society

Dr. Georgia DaleureSalman Alaskar Mohamed AlhashimiMohamed Alghazal Hamad ShaheenMohamed Jasim Musab IbrahimHumaid Binmasoud Mohamed Anwar

Sharjah Men’s Applied Research Team (SMART Club)

Emiratis must work and contribute back to the society in order to build and maintain a sustainable economy (UAE Vision 2021)

To develop successful education and training programs, the characteristics of those being educated and trained must be understood and accurately interpreted

The nature and context of the workplace that graduates will enter must be understood from its own historic and culture perspective

This study attempts to contribute toward that understanding

Inclusion --Holistic Sustainability

Sixth Annual GCES Symposium: Inclusion not Exclusion

April 2015 2

Participants were male and female Emirati students

from years 2004 to 2012 (with 2005 left out)

in two categories:first year of post-secondary education (PSE) total student population in alternate years

interpretations made with input from Emirati student researchers

About the Study


April 2015 3

Sharjah Men’s Applied Research Team

Salman Alaskar Mohamed Alghazal Humaid Binmasoud Musab Ibrahim Mohamed Anwar Mohamed Alhashimi Mohamed Jasim Hamad Shaheen


April 2015 4

Student Contributing Researchers

(The first year and odd years thereafter included all students while the even years from 2006 included only first semester students)

Participant NumbersYear Participants2004 20182006 7002007 18842008 7812009 18262010 8372011 19782012 322


April 2015 5

Average Age Over Time

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 201217.5

18.0

18.5

19.0

19.5

20.0

20.5

How old are you?

Females Males

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 201217.5

18.0

18.5

19.0

19.5

20.0

20.5

How Old Are You?

Females Males

Overall age for males higher with some years entry age higher for femalesSixth Annual GCES Symposium:

Inclusion not Exclusion April 2015 6

Parents’ Education

13% with PSE Experience60% with less than Secondary

12% with PSE Experience45% with less than Secondary

20120%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

23%

27%

31%

11%

3%

9%

Mother's Education

No EducationPrimary SchoolSecondary SchoolCollege/University GraduateMaster or HigherI do not know

20120%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

18%

27%

33%

10%

2%

13%

Father's Education

No EducationPrimary SchoolSecondary SchoolCollege/University GraduateMaster or HigherI do not know


April 2015 7

Why did you choose the institution you attend?

Females Males

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

The institution has the program I wanted to study 56% 50% 50% 48% 47% 40% 47% 26%

It is close to my home 31% 31% 38% 40% 44% 42% 46% 49%

Reputation of the college 31% 28% 31% 32% 33% 38% 42% 36%My family wanted me to come 19% 23% 22% 25% 24% 26% 23% 29%

My friends are here 17% 18% 19% 19% 19% 25% 22% 27%My sibling studies(d) here 12% 15% 16% 16% 18% 19% 20% 26%My employer sponsors me 4% 8% 4% 5% 4% 6% 4% 5%It has afternoon classes 3% 2% 1% 2% 2% 2% 5% 2%

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Reputation of the college 52% 47% 43% 51% 44% 42% 49% 39%The college has the program I wanted to study 50% 35% 37% 40% 42% 38% 41% 33%It is close to my home 34% 44% 43% 38% 38% 47% 43% 37%

My friends are here 23% 26% 24% 29% 25% 26% 29% 16%My family wanted me to come 22% 31% 22% 28% 25% 24% 25% 25%It has afternoon classes 19% 7% 7% 16% 10% 11% 15% 12%My sibling studies(d) here 15% 15% 17% 25% 19% 17% 24% 12%

My employer sponsors me 8% 6% 6% 6% 7% 8% 8% 10%


April 2015 8

Distance Travelled to StudyW here do you live? (Combined) 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Sharjah (females) 57% 56% 58% 57% 61% 64% 61% 51%Sharjah (males) 64% 65% 69% 62% 64% 70% 68% 51%Ajman (females) 23% 28% 26% 25% 23% 22% 22% 34%Ajman (males) 20% 22% 19% 24% 21% 22% 19% 41%Umm Al Quwain (females) 14% 12% 12% 13% 11% 11% 13% 10%Umm Al Quwain (males) 11% 10% 10% 11% 12% 7% 10% 4%Other (females) 5% 5% 4% 5% 5% 3% 4% 4%Other (males) 6% 2% 3% 4% 3% 1% 3% 4%

More than half from Sharjah (high density area in catchment)

Slightly more females than males from low density areas

Males may have more options such as international study,Private and/or mixed gender institutions and females qualify for bus transportation (no busses provided for males)


April 2015 9

Distances Students Travel to Study

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Where do you live?

Sharjah (females) Sharjah (males) Ajman (females) Ajman (males)Umm Al Quwain (females) Umm Al Quwain (males) Other (females) Other (males)


April 2015 10

Household Size1 1% 1% 100% 1% 1% 101% 1% 1% 101% 1% 1% 100% 1% 1% 101% 0% 0% 98% 1% 1% 100% 0% 0% 101%2 2% 3% 99% 1% 2% 100% 2% 3% 100% 1% 2% 99% 2% 3% 100% 1% 1% 98% 2% 3% 99% 2% 2% 101%3 3% 6% 97% 3% 5% 99% 3% 6% 98% 3% 4% 99% 3% 6% 98% 2% 2% 98% 3% 6% 97% 3% 5% 100%4 6% 12% 94% 4% 9% 96% 5% 11% 95% 6% 10% 96% 5% 11% 95% 5% 7% 96% 6% 12% 94% 2% 7% 97%5 8% 20% 89% 10% 18% 92% 8% 19% 90% 10% 20% 90% 9% 20% 90% 9% 16% 91% 10% 22% 88% 7% 14% 95%6 10% 29% 81% 10% 28% 83% 12% 31% 82% 12% 32% 80% 13% 33% 81% 12% 28% 83% 14% 36% 78% 15% 29% 88%7 15% 44% 71% 13% 41% 73% 14% 45% 70% 15% 46% 69% 14% 47% 68% 17% 44% 71% 14% 49% 64% 12% 41% 73%8 12% 56% 57% 15% 56% 60% 14% 59% 56% 14% 60% 54% 13% 59% 54% 14% 58% 54% 13% 62% 51% 11% 52% 61%9 13% 68% 45% 14% 69% 45% 11% 69% 42% 11% 70% 41% 11% 70% 42% 10% 68% 40% 10% 71% 38% 13% 64% 50%10 12% 80% 32% 12% 81% 32% 13% 82% 32% 11% 81% 30% 11% 80% 31% 10% 78% 30% 10% 81% 29% 12% 76% 37%

11 or more 20% 100% 20% 20% 101% 20% 19% 101% 19% 19% 100% 19% 21% 101% 21% 21% 98% 21% 19% 100% 19% 26% 101% 26%

Average 7.83 7.94 7.77 7.76 7.73 7.94 7.57 8.17

2010 2011 2012How m any fam ily m em bers live in your household?

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

At least half have 8 or more membersAround 20% report having 11 or more family members

Illustrates high pressure on finances and at the same time high potential for emotional and social support.


April 2015 11

High School Language of Instruction

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

What was the language of instruction at your high school?

Arabic (females) Arabic (males) English (males) English (females)


April 2015 12

Notice increase of English language instruction

Marital Status

More females than males married or engaged Married & Engaged

What is your marital status?

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Married & Engaged (females) 14% 8% 15% 12% 14% 10% 16% 9%Married & Engaged(males) 9% 5% 6% 5% 7% 4% 7% 2%

Other (Widowed, Divorced) (females) 1% 1% 1% 2% 0% 0% 1% 0%

Other (Widowed, Divorced) (males) 1% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2%

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%2%4%6%8%

10%12%14%16%18%

What is your marital status?

Married & Engaged (females)Married & Engaged(males)


April 2015 13

Number of Children

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%

9%

10%

How many children do you have?

Females with no Children Males with no Children Females with 1 ChildMales with 1 Child Females with 2 Children Males with 2 ChildrenFemales with 3 or More Children Males with 3 or More Children


April 2015 14

Suggests that having children may be a factor for discontinuing education for females

Driver’s License

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Do you have a driver's license?

Females Males


April 2015 15

Drive to College/University

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Do you drive yourself to college/university?

Females Males


April 2015 16

Employment Status

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Are you employed?

Employed Females Employed Males


April 2015 17

Type of Work

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

Do you work Full-time or Part-time?

Full time Males Part time Males Full time Females Part time Females


April 2015 18

Work Sector

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

Which sector do you work in?

Public Sector Males Private Sector Males Semi-public Sector MalesPublic Sector Females Private Sector Females Semi-public Sector Females


April 2015 19

Computer & Connectivity at Home

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Do you have a computer and internet access at home?

Computer Connected to Internet Computer but no Internet No Computer


April 2015 20

Note internet connectivity and greater use of mobile devices

Uses for Computer and Internet (Females)

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

What do you use your computer for?

Online research Homework Portal Access E-mailChat Online learning Games


April 2015 21

Uses for Computer and Internet (Males)

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

What do you use your computer for at home? (males)

Online research E-mail Homework Portal AccessChat Games Online learning


April 2015 22

Daily Computer Usage (Females)

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

How many hours do you use the computer each day? (Females)

Less than 2 hours From 2 to 4 hours From 5 to 6 hours More than 6 hours


April 2015 23

Daily Computer Usage (Males)

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

How many hours do you use the computer each day? (Males)

Less than 2 hours From 2 to 4 hours From 5 to 6 hours More than 6 hours


April 2015 24

International Travel

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Have you traveled to another country?

Females Males


April 2015 25

Summer Activities

Females Males

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

What did you do last summer?

Stayed at home WorkedTraveled with family Traveled with friendsOther

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%

What did you do last summer?

Stayed at home WorkedTraveled with family Traveled with friendsOther


April 2015 26

Free Time Activities

Females Males

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

What do you do in your free time?

With family and friends Watching TVShopping ReadingListening to music OthersPlaying video games Playing sports

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

What do you do in your free time?

With family and friends Watching TVPlaying sports Playing video gamesListening to music OthersShopping Reading


April 2015 27

Hours of TV Watching per Day

Females Males

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%50%

How many hours of TV do you watch per day?

Less than 1 hour 1-2 hours2-3 hours More than 3 hours

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

How many hours of TV do you watch per day?

Less than 1 hour 1-2 hours2-3 hours More than 3 hours


April 2015 28

TV Program Language

Females Males

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Language of TV Programs

I do not have TV Arabic programsEnglish programs

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Language of TV Programs

I do not have TV Arabic programsEnglish programs


April 2015 29

Cinema

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Have you ever been to a cinema?

Females Males


April 2015 30

Which of the following do you read regularly?

Females Males

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Arabic newspapers 80% 70% 73% 74% 71% 62% 65% 51%

Arabic Magazine 53% 52% 45% 43% 37% 28% 27% 14%

Arabic Poetry 26% 32% 22% 32% 25% 25% 19% 20%

English Magazine 20% 21% 22% 14% 21% 13% 17% 14%

Arabic fiction books 14% 17% 13% 15% 15% 18% 15% 16%Arabic non-fiction books 14% 14% 12% 15% 13% 14% 10% 14%

Others 13% 16% 11% 11% 13% 13% 14% 20%

English newspaper 10% 15% 15% 13% 16% 7% 13% 6%English non-fiction books 7% 8% 9% 11% 14% 10% 13% 20%

Not applicable 7% 11% 13% 11% 13% 20% 18% 22%

English fiction books 5% 6% 7% 7% 9% 6% 9% 12%

English Poetry 2% 3% 3% 3% 4% 6% 4% 4%

20042006 20072008200920102011

2012

Arabic Magazine 66% 60% 57% 54% 49% 49% 40% 36%

Arabic newspapers 62% 56% 55% 48% 47% 44% 45% 40%

Arabic Poetry 39% 40% 35% 34% 26% 33% 23% 24%

Arabic fiction books 32% 32% 26% 31% 27% 33% 27% 30%Arabic non-fiction books 23% 22% 20% 22% 20% 23% 19% 27%

English Magazine 16% 14% 21% 17% 19% 16% 17% 13%English non-fiction books 15% 13% 15% 15% 14% 10% 14% 14%

English fiction books 11% 8% 9% 8% 7% 7% 9% 6%

Others 9% 8% 9% 10% 9% 13% 12% 13%

English newspaper 6% 5% 8% 5% 7% 5% 7% 6%

Not applicable 5% 9% 9% 10% 14% 12% 18% 20%

English Poetry 4% 2% 5% 4% 4% 3% 3% 4%


April 2015 31

Future Work

Intent to Work Allowed to Work

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 201294%

95%

96%

97%

98%

99%

100%

Do you intend to work after graduation?

Females Males

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Allowed to work by Guardian

Females Males


April 2015 32

Preferred Sector for Future Job

Females Males

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Which sector would you prefer to work in when

you graduate?

Does not matterThe public, including semi public, sectorThe private sector

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Which sector would you prefer to work in when

you graduate?

Does not matterThe public, including semi public, sectorThe private sector


April 2015 33

Willing to Work Split Shifts

2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Are you willing to work split shifts?

Females Males


April 2015 34

Young Emirati adults are often the first in their families to received PSE

Often high financial demand on family resources

More are returning to PSE after working Females are attending more than males but not necessarily completing (marriage and especially having children a factor for discontinuing)

More families are supporting their daughters to attend PSE


April 2015 35

Summary

Emirati youth are becoming more technology savvy and using mobile devices more frequently

Access to internet with global social & e-media

Increasing working while studying, especially in the private sector mostly due to availability of jobs

Many hope to transition to public sector after graduation

Prefer straight shift for 8 hours in future work especially females (manage family responsibilities)


April 2015 36

Summary

who are we trying to include? eight year demographic study reveals traits of transitioning young...

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