vocabularies: english, arabic, persian, turkish, armenian
TRANSCRIPT
I.D. 1121,. ,';';;_;_ ,^ ;• _
VOCABULARIESENGLISH
ARABICPERSIAN
TURKISHARMENIANKURDISHSYRIAC
Compiled hy the Geographical Section of the Naval Intelligence
Division, Naval Staff, Admiralty
LONDON t
PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.To be purchased through any Bookseller or directly fromH.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses :
Imperial House, KingsWat, London, W.C. 2, and28 Abingdon Street, London, S.W. 1 ;
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or from E. PONSONBY, Ltd., 116 Grafton Street, Dublin.
1920
Price Ss. 6d. net
Printed under the authority of
His Majesty's Stationery OfficeBy Frederick Hall at the University Ptess, Oxfords
• • •!•
Note on Pronunciation
Consonants.' = a slight stop, as in the middle of the compound
word sea-eagle* = a sound formed deep in the throat to be learnt by
oral exampledh like tJi in this
gh a guttural r
h a strong aspirate
kh like ch in loch
q a guttural, or emphatic, 7c
r to be distinctly trilled
s emphatic s
t emphatic t
th as in thing
ch as in chat
z emphatic ^
zh like the s in pleasure
Other consonants pronounced as in English.
Vowels.
a pronounced
NOTES ON PKONUl^CJLATION 297
o pronounced as u in funu as in pull
u as 00 in pool
u as w in Frencli tu
Biphthomfs.
ai pronounced as i in mind
au (aw) as ou in out
oi as oi in oii
298 GLdSSABIES OF WORDS
'EhgUsh.
able, to be
I can
AfaUnc: Persian. Turkish,
qadar, yaqdir tawanistan bilmek
aqdir mi-tawanam bilirim, qadir
about (ap- nahu (of num- taqriban, ashaghi-yuqari
proximately) bers),taqriban kam-wa-pishabout (around) hawl piraman-e etrafinda.
etrafda
(concerning) min jehet dar khusus-e da'ir
above
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 301
English.
Administra-tion
admiral
Admiralty
adrift
advance (of
money)advanced
guardaeroplane
afloat
aft
after
afternoon
again
Armenian.
varchoutiim
dzovagal
Kurdish.
siasa, idara
Syriac.
hiiqraa
sare bahre resha d-yama
Dzovayin na-
khararoutiun
herratsial, sar ave choin teple resh mayaalevar
gankhav-tram- garz kirin, qa khishbunadal bdain da
arrachakount peshe 'askare qamaydthad-'askar
otabarig taiyara
sar avealedzoup,
dzpounhedguys navi pe gamiya
taiyarah
resh maya
hedo pashehedinq, irig- pashe nivro
natemnoren
kharayad-gamiya
bathar
bathar palga
d-yaumajarak di; disa midre
age (of persons)dariqagent kordzagalahead arrchevenalive gentani, vo-
ghchall amen, polorallowed, to be tuyladrvil
ally
almost
alone
alongside
tashnagits,
zinagitskrete
minag
unt yergay-noutiamp
umr, smnwakil
peshinsakha
hammaizin haya
haval
taqriban
btene
nezike
shine
vakil
qamayabe-khaye
kull
kbare
khaura
taqriban
be-1-hodhe
b-qorba
304 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish,
April Nisan Nisan NisanArab 'Arabi {pL 'ArabI, Tazi 'Arab
'Arab)Arabia Bilad el-'Arab 'Arabistan 'Arabistan
arm (w.) kitf ,dhra' bazu (upper) ; qol
sa'id (lower)armed musallah musallah silahli •
armour dira' zireh zir^
arms(weapons) aslihah asliheh silah
jesh {pi. ]u- lasbkar ordu, 'asker
yush)firqah {pi. urdu qol ordu
firaq)hawL atraf-e etrafda
army
army corps
around
arrange retteb, yuret- tartib dadan, qararlashdir-tib deb or ara- maq, tertib
Stan, ara etmekarrest {v.) qabadh 'ala
; tauqif kardan, tutmaq, habs
arrive
arsenal
artillery
ashes
ashore
askI ask
waggaf, yu- kun
waggifwasal, yosal rasidan, ras
tereskhanah qur-khana
madafi' (can- tup-khanehnon), tobchia
(gunners)
thou askest
he asks
we ask
ramad'ala'1-barr,
bil-ga'
se'el, yes'alana es'al
inta tes'al
hua yes'alihna nes'al
khakistar
bar zamin
etmek
varmaq, gel-mek
topkhane,tersane
toplar
kul
qaraya, qarada
pursidan,purs sormaqmi-pursam sorarim
mi-pursi
mi-pursadmi-pursim
sorarsin
sorar
sorariz
you ask intu tes'alun mi-pursid sorarsiniz
306 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
they ask
I shall ask
I asked
asleep
ass
astern
at
at least
at most
at once
attack {n.)
attack {v.)
AugustAustria
Austrian
authority
Arabic. Persian.
hum yes'alun mi-pursand
khahampursid
pursidamkhab
Turkish.
sorarlar
sorajaghm
sordum
uyumush, uy-
qudakhar, ulagh eshek, merkeb
'aqab, dar pai arqasina, ar-
dinda
nazd, dar -a, -da {suffix)
ana es'al
se'elt
nayim
hamar {fl.
hamir)li-wara
'ala, bi, fi
aqallanel-akther, el-
aghlabhessa,bis-sa'ah
hujum hujum hujumhejem 'ala, liujiim kardan, hujum etmek
_yihjam'ala kunAb Ab, Murdad AghostosNimsa Namseh NemseNimsawi Namsawi Avstriali, Nem-
seli
hukm iqtidar hukm
olmazsaen nihayet,olsa olsa
hala, fauran birden bire
aqallanmuntahash
autumn kharif khizan son bahar
avenge intaqam, yan- intiqam kashi- intiqam etmek
taqim or dan, kashakhadh eth-
thar, ya'kh-udh eth-thar
average [n.) mu*addal bar-avard-e
mutavassitaviator t^yyar hava-paima
awake {adj.) yaqdhan, bidar
ga'id, hasis
axe fa's {fl. fu'us) tabar
orta, avarya
tayareji
uyaniq
balta
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 307
English.
they ask
I shall ask
I asked
asleep
ass
astern
at
at least
at most
aton'ce^
attack {n.)
attack [v.)
AugustAustria
Austrian
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
anonqg'harts- awan pesiar kimbaqrinen kerin
yes bidi harts- aze pesiar kim bedmbaqrennem
yes hartsri ma pesiar ker mbuqeriqouni mecli, khafti dmikha
qnatsoghesh, avanag kar hmara
i hedoust navi, la pashe b-kharayiithanavi yedeven
{notinusesepa- e{as termina- bi-
rately)
'
Hon)keth, arr nvazn bkemahie b-qaliluthaarr arravel bgalakiye b-kabirutha
isguyn
hartzagoumnhartsagil
OkostosAvstria
Avstriatsi
bgalakiye
halan
palamardhujumker
TabbakhNamsaNamsi
halan, alba'al
hujumhjimle
TabbakhNamsaNamsaya
authority ishkhanoutiun, paya, jah, maruta, huqmaarzhanabad- qadrvoutiun
autumn Ashoun pahiz cherl
avenge tol §tandin shqille tol
average (n.)
aviator
awake (adj.)
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 313
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
before (place) arracli, arrchev labar qambegin usgsel dastpekir mdushinne,
msbare
behind edev pasli, lapisht bkharayuthabelieve havadal bawar kir mhiimenne
bell zankag cliang, jinjil zJga
below tsadz, nerqev bin iltekh, kbo-tbed
bench (sofa) nsdaran kursi direzh, takhta
pakabend (v.) theqel, dzrrel chamin tiple
berth
beside
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 315
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
bird trrchoun t^irek, baldar taira
bit (of horse) santz lijam, hafsar legbemabit (piece) badarr, pegor pechak, parcha parcliabitter tarrn, leghi tahl, tal marira
bitumen goubr zift, qir khimar
black sev rash komablacksmith tarpin, yer- asengar, hadad haddada,
gatakordz damurchiblame {v.) barsavel razil kir mruzelle la'im
blanket vermagbleed (intrans.) ariunel
lahef, jajim khlepakhun da mujrele dimma
blind guyr
blockade (n.) basharoumn
blood
blow (v.)
armnharvadzel,zarnel
kor
hisar
khunwerzln
blow (n.) harvadz, zarg sil
blue gabuyd shin, kaublunt koulj pout kopboat navag gami, belem
simya, kora
muhasarah
dimmamkhele paukha
milana, zarqa
kopagamiyah
bodv marmin lash
jama' at
kalandi
body (mass of khoump.people) zhoghov
boil {trans.) yerratsnel
(water) ;
khashel (egg)boil {intrans.) yerral kul bi
paghra
jama' at
murthekhle
rthekhle
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 317
English.
boiled rice
boiler
bomb {n.)
bombard
bond (legal)
bone
book
boot
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
khasbadz pirinjekalandi,rizza mbushla
printz, plaf pilau
san, gatsa qazan destitha
rroump,kndag qiimbara qumbara
rrmpagodzel la-top dadin dari top
mourhag, ar- band/alaqa iltlzam
zhetought
vosgor hasti, isqan garma
kirq ktaib, daftar kthawa
goshig jazma, kaosh potine, jazma
boot-lace
both (you)
bottle
bottombow (of sbip)
bowelsbox
boy
brackish
bran
brave
brazier
breadbreadthbreak
goshigi thel
yergouqt al
shish
liadag
arrachagoghmnavi
aghiq
doup, sndoug
manch
aghi
tep
qaj, gdrij
gragaranhats
laynoutiungodrel
rise kundarah
har-duan, har-
dukashush
bin
peshine
gamiyemillak, rikhlu
sanduq
kurr
nakhwash
savis, sar-bez-
hingdildar, juwa-mer
manqal, pallnan
pani, pahnTshikast, shi-
kian
gdhadhad-qundareterwe
shusha
shitta
qamayiithad-markwa
millake
sandiiqa
brona, yala
maliikha
mar jiir'itta
manqal, giimrelikhma
petiiithatwere
318 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
breakfast futur, chai es- chai-i-§ubh , qahvaltisubh
breech (of gun) madhkhar et- teh top quyrughu,tufkeh top qichi
breeze hawa nasim, bad riizgyar, yelbribe {n.) rashwah, rishva rishvet, bakh-
bakhshlsh shish
brick (burnt) tabuqah ajur tula
brick (un-
burnt)
bridge
bridge (of
ship)
324 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
canter {v.)
canvas
cap
capable
cape (promon-tory)
capstan
captain (of
ship)
(of native
craft)
captain
(military)
captive
capture (men)
capture
(place)
capture (seize,
V,)
caravan
care (you takecare !)
careful
cargo
carpenter
carpet
carry
cart
Arabic.
hadhab. yab-dhib
jimfas
tarbush ; kap(European)
muqtedir
ra's
dulab el-habl
qabtan or ra'is
el-markab
nokhadlia
yiizbasbi
asir {pi. usara)
esser, yu'essir
qabadh 'ala,
yaqbidh 'ala
mesek, yimsak
karwan
dir balak
mutaqayyid
himl
najjar
ziilia, bisat
hamal, yahmilor shal, yashil
'arabah
Persian. Turkish.
yurgheh raftan, rahvan gitmekrau
kirbas
kulah
qabil
ra's .
charkh-i-
langarna-khuda,ra'is
yelken bezi,
yelkenfes, kasket ;
shapqa (Euro-
pean)qadir, muk-tedir
burun
bojprghat,
iirgat
re'is, gemisuwarisi,
qapudan
yuzbashi yuzbashi
asir esir
asir giriftan, esiralmaq
gir
giriftan, gir feth etmek
giriftan
karawan,
qafilehmultafit bash,or hazar kun
ba-hazar
haml
najjar
qali, farsh
haml kardan,kun or naqlkardan, kunarabeh
tutmaq
kyarvan
diqqat et, saqin
diqqatli, gyuzuachiq
hamule, yiik
doghramaji,marangos
kilim, hali
tashimaq, go-tiirmek, naqletmek
*araba, yiik*araba-si
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 325
English.
canter (y.)
canvas
cap
Arynenian.
salasmpakel
Kurdish.
char'ar cho,baz cho
arrakasd
klkharg, kdag klo, kopin
Syriac.
mutrele
kusitha
capable garogh, jardar qadir, zirak qabil, ziraq
cape (promon- saravand, sare chiae resha
tory) hrwandan
capstan anvord dulabe warise diilaba
d-khaula
captain (of navabed qaptan, sare qaptanship) gamiye
captain
(military)
captive
capture (men)
326 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
cartridge
cart-track
cash
Arabic.
fishgah
{pi. fisheg)sikkat el-
'
arabah
nuqud
Persian.
fishang
rah-i-'arabi-
yehnaqd
Turhish.
fislienk
'araba yolu
naqd
castle
cat
catch
cattle
cavalry
cave
ceilingcellar
cement
cemetery
centre
certainly
chain
chair
change (ex-
change, V.)
change (n.)
channel
qasr (pZ. qu§ur) burj, qal'ahbazzunah gurbehmesek, yimsak giriftan, gir
mawashi
khail, sawa-
riyah
mugharah
sagfsirdab [yl.
sa-
ladib)
kils, chemento
maqbarah
markaz (ofcircle and
government)
nia'lum, belli albatteh
haiwanat
suwareh
ghar
saqfsardab
saruj
qabristan
markaz
qal'ekedi
tutmaq, yaqa-lamaq
bahaim, hai-
wanlarsuwari
maghara
tavan
makhzen, qilar
qa-
zanjil,
skumli, kursi
beddel, yubed-dil
;sarraf
(of money)qusiir (of
money)
mejra
chimento
mezarliq,bristan
merkez (gov-
ernmental),orta, vesat (of
circle)
elbette,
shiibhesiz
zinjir zinjir
sandali, kursi sandaliye
taghyir dadan bozmaq (of
money)
khurda, piil-e ufaq parakhurda (of money)(of money)
baghaz, tang-i- mejra, yataq,
darya boghaz
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 329
English.
charcoal
chart
cheapcheek
cheerful
chemist
chicken
chief (n.)
children
chin
chisel
choose
Armenian.
adzoukh
navaqardez,
qardezazhan
ayd
ourakh
banir
teghakordz,
teghavadjar
varrieg
bed
yerekhayq
dznot
krich (qanta-
goghats),
qandagichkortziqundrel
Kurdish.
pell, zikhal
arzan
gup, chur
shad
penirazachi, dar- dermanchiman-firosh
Syriac.
komurkharitah
arzani
lama, patha
psikha
gupta
chuchik
sar, maqiil
zaru bechuk,minal
chin, zinjaskana
farkha,kthaitha
resha
yale zore
daqinthamabrad
bzharain, hal mgiibelechinin
Christ Qristos *Isa mshikhachristian qrisdonia nasrani, fillah nasraya
Christmas
church
cigarettecircle
city
civil (non-
military)
Dznount Biyalde
•etayegeghetsi, derzham
klanig, sigaret sigara chigarashrchan, ger, hawir dairah, hiidhra
shrchanagqaghaq shahr, balad, mdita
bazhar
qaghaqagan, mulki, ahli- la qoshiinayaqaghaqayin qalam
330 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
claim (/i.) da'wa {fl. da' va, or iddi' a da' vada' awl)
clan qabilah {'pl. qabileli qablle, 'ashiret
qaba'il) or
*ashlrah {pl.
'asha'ir)clean {adj.)
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 331
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Sj/riac,
claim (n.) balianch da'wah, talab matlab
clan dobm, tsegh ojakh, khil 'ashira
clean {adj.)
clean (v.)
maqourmaqrel
paqij, pakpaqij kir
nadifa
mundifle
clear hstag, barz zalal, ruhnak ?epya
clerk
332 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
cold (in chest) su'al surfeh nezle-i-sadriye
cold bard
(temperature)cold {adj.) barid
collar yakhah
collect jama*, yijma*
collision - mu^adamah
colonel miralai
colour
colours (flag)
colt
comb (n.)
comecome (imper.)
comfortable
command (n.)
commandercommerce
commission
commodore
communica-tion
companion
lon(23Z.alwan)
beraq
muhr"
misht
ja, yajlta'al
mustarih (of
person) ;mu-
rih (of thing)amr {pi. awa-
mir)
qamandantijarah
ma'murlyet
ra'is ustul
muwasalah
rafij or raflq
{pi. rufaqa)
sarma
sard
fukul, yakheh
jam' kardan,kuntasadum
sartip
rangbairaq
kurrehshana
amadan, ai
biya
rahat
farman
sardar
tijarat
soghiiq
soghuqyaqaliq, yaqa
toplamaq
musademe,charpishmaqaim-maqam(lieut.-col.) ;
miralai (full
col.)renk
bairaq, sanjaq,'alem
tai
taraq
gelmekgel
rahat
emr, buyii-ruldu
qomandanalish-verish,
tijaret
me'muriyetma muriyat
darya-begl
muwasaleh
rafiq, hamrah arqadash
filo suvarisi,
qumidormukhabere
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 333
English. Armenian.
cold (in chest) gourdzqitsourd,mrsadz
(gourdzqen)cold tsourd
(temperature)cold {adj.) bagh, sarrn
collar otziq
Kurdish.
collect
collision
colonel
havaqel
untharoum
kndabed
sar
Syriac.
qarlrutha
sar, zukum qarira
milwanka, yakhahyakha
pin khestin, mjume'Iegilir kir
musadama mkhaya lekli-
dbadhenuralai miralai
colour kuyncolours (flag) trosh
rangsanjaq
gaunabairaq
colt mdrouk juwani, kurrali muhirthacomb {n.) sandr shanik mesreqtacome kal hat itbele
come {imper.) yegour (sing.), wara ta, temun {pi.
yegeq {pi.)
comfortable hankist rahat, bisa rahitta
command (n.) ^liraman amr pugdana
commandercommerce
commission
commodore
communica-tion
companion
hramanadararrevdour
badver, bants-
nararoutiun
navi hrama-nadar
haghortag-tsoutiun
ungeragits
qomandan qomandantujaret, alish- bazerganuthaveresh
separish• wazifa
mukhabara mukhabarah
haval, dost khaura
336 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
confusion
congratula-tions
conquer
(a city)
consent (n.)
consequence
Constanti-
nople
consul
consulate
consultation
content
contraband
(adj.)
contract (n.)
convenient
conversation
Arabic.
qalabaligh
(turmoil) ;
ikhtilat;
*
ademtibte
Persian.
tashnish (of
things) ;bl-
nazmi (of
persons)
tahniyah {sing.) tahniyat
Turkish.
qarishiqliq,
qalabaluq
tebrik
intasar, van- ghalib shudan maghlub etmekta§ir
fetah, yiftah giriftan, fath feth etmekkardan
ridha qabiil kardan, riza
razT shudan
natijah
Istambul
qunsal (pi.
qunasil)
qunsalkhanah
mashawarah
radhi
mamnii*
muqawalah
muwafiqhaki, hachi
convoy (n.) khafar
cook (n.)
cook {v.)
cool
copy (n.)
'aschi
tabakh, yat-bakh
barid
niskhah {pi.
nisakh)
natija
Istambdl
qonsul
qonsul-khana
mashvarat
qani*
qachaq, ma-mnii'
qabala (com-mercial)
muwafiqmukalama,suhbot
badraqah
ash-paz
pukhtan, paz
khunuknuskheh
netije
Istambol
qonsolos
qonsoloskhane
mushavere
razi,khoshnud
qachaq
mukavele,
bazarliqmiinasib
sohbet, laf
qonboy, qo-ruma
ashji
pishirmek
serin
nuskha, siiret
340 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
crowd {n.) qalabalikh, izdiljam qalabaluq,
jama' ah jem'iyetcruel qasi, garim bi-rahm, zalim zalim, ghaddarcruise (n.) safar darya-gardi dolashmaq
cruiser tarrad, manwarcultivation zira*ah, falahah abadani
cup finjan, piyalah piyaleh, jamcure {n.) shifa ilaj
current {n.) jarayan sail
curtain pardahcustom-house gumrukcut (v.)
dagger
daily (adj.)
daily (adv.)dam (n.)
damagedamp {adj.)
dangerous
darkdarkness
date (time)date (fruit)
daughterdawn
day
gas$, yagussqata', yaqta'
khanjar {j)l.
khanajir)
yomi
yomiyansuddkhisarah
murtibmukhtir
mudhlimdhulmah
pardagumrukburidan
qama
sadd
zarar, ziyannamnakkhatarnak
tarik
tariki
tarikh tarikh
tamrah {pi. khuima
tamr)bint {pl.h&nat) dukhtar
fijr bamdad
yom {pi.
aiyam)
day (opposite naharto night)
kruasor
zira'at
kyasse, finjanshifa
aqinti
perdegiimriikkessmek
khanjer
har-ruzeh her giinki
ruz
her giin
sedd, bendzarar
nemli
tehlikeli, qor-
quluqaranliq
qaranliq
tarikh
khurma
qiz, kerime
shafaq
gun
giindiiz
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 346
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
desk kraseghan mez, pesh- miz d-ktotha
takhta
despatch {n.) (bashdonagan), kitab, kaghaz ktbawa
namagdestroy qantel, averel kharab kir mukbrule
detain bahel, pandel ta't-ii kirin,
{lit.
'
to put in girtin
prison'
or
'under arrest')determination voroshoumn niyat zakhm
gamq, mdat-routium
devil
diarrhoea
die
difference
difficult
digdinner
direct {adv.)
dirty
disappear
discharge
(cargo, V.)
discharge(dismiss, v.)
tev, sadana
tanchq, por-
loudsanqmerrnil
shaitan
zik choine
mirin, jan da
farqdarperoutiun,zanazanoutiuntzhvar zahmat
porel kulan, kandin
jash, unthriq nanishao
(evening meal)
shidag,oughigh, dirist
oughghagi(= direct to)
aghdodanhedanal
pis, chirkin
hinda or na-
diyar, bu
dawiq
qa§d matin
dewa
izala d-kasa
mithle
purshiinya
zahmat
khpereghadaya,kharamsha
diiz
mtiimyafetle, ghible
barbel bare garni mpalit tanadainanin
artzageljVrndel*
azil kirin, rha mpalitkirin
348 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
dragoman tarjuman {pi. miitarjim terjumantarjumaniyah)resem, yersem rasm kardan resm etmekdraw
(map, &c.)draw (pull)draw up(document)
jarr, yajurr keshidan chekmekresem, yersem rasm kashidan, tanzim etmekor keteb, yik- kashtab
draw up (line §aff, yasuff saff bastan, tanzim etmekof troops) band
dress (intrans.) labis, yilbas pushidan, geyinmekpush
dress {trans.) lebbes geyindirmekdress rabat, yarbut marham gu- (yara) baghla-
(a wound) zasbtan, maqguzar
tafa, yatfu ba sail raftan, suyun aqinti-rau sile qapilmaq
sherbah sharbat ichqi
drift {v.)
drink {n.)
drink {v.) sberib, yish- ashamidan or ichmekrab nushidan,
nushdrive {trans.) saq, yasuq randan, ran siirmek, qosh-
durmaq
driver (of car-'
arabachi siirclii, kalas-'
arabaji
riage) kachidrown gharaq, yagh- gliarq sbudan, boghmaq{intrans.) raq shau
drown {trans.) agbraq, yugh- gliarq kardan, boghulmaqriq kun
drunk sakran {pi. mast serkhosh
sakara)
diy (^O yebbes, yu- kbushk kar- qurutmaqyebbis or dan, kirn
nashshaf, yu-nashshif
dry {adj.) yabis, nashif khushk quruduck besh, battah urdak ordek
dust toz, ghubar gard toz
352 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic.
employ (men) istakhdam,
yastakhdimempty {v.) farregh, yu-
farrigli
empty (adj.) farigh
Persian. Turkish.
tashgliil kar- ish vermek
dan, kunkhali kardan, boshatmaqkun
khali bosh
encamp
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 353
Armenian.
employ (men) vartzel
Kurdish.
ish da
khali kirempty (v.) tadargel,barbel
empty (adj.) tatarg, tar- khali, wala
dagencamp panagel,panag var kir
tnel
encampment vran tneln, zom, var
(of nomads) panagoumend (trans.) avardel khalas kir
Syriac.
wellc shula
msupeqle
spiqa
itille
zoma
khli^le, timle
endure
enemy
engine
engineer
handourzhel, §abr kir, jan- sbere
dogal hishik bu
tshnami dizhmin dishmin
meqena makinah makinah
meqenakordz muhandis muhandis
England AngliaEnglishman Angliatsi
enlist (army) zinvorakrel,zinvorakrvil
(to be
enlisted)
pavagannshan, trosh
badneshnerovamratsnel
enoughensignentrench
Inglistan
Inglizi
Engilterra
Inglezaya
entrenchments amratsoutiung
envelope dzrar
bo 'askar gir- ktiwa soldat
tin (trans.); la'
askar choin
(intrans.)bass bassa, kmale
sanjaq, bairaq baidaqbar khandaq dari sangarchoin, bar
chapar run-ishtin
chapar, khan- sangari
daqzarf zarf
354 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
equal (adj.)
equip
err
escape {v.)
escort {n.)
escort {v.)
evacuate
eveningevery
everything
everywhere
examine
except
exchange (v.)
excuse {v.)
exercise {n.)
(physical)
expect
Arabic.
musawaPersian.
barabar
Turkish.
musavi
jahhaz, yujah- tajhiz kardan, tejhiz etmek,hiz kun donatmaq
(ship)
ghalat, yagh- ghalat namii- ja,iiish.{+ suffix)
lat or akhta, dan, numa var, yanilmaqyukhtiinhezem, yen- rastan, rah or qachmaqhezim rahai yaftan,
yabkhafar, haris badraqah qonboy
rafaq, haras
yahruskhalla, yukhalli takhliyehor farregh, kardan,
yufarrigh kunmesa shamkuU har
hamrah raftan, refaqat etmerau
takhliye etmek,
boshatmaq
akhshamher
kuU she hameh chiz
fi kull makan har ja
her shei
her yere, her
yerdefahas^ yafhas taftish kar- teftish etmek^
(a question) ; dan, kun yoqlamaqimtahan,
yamtahin (a
candidate)ilia bi-juz az -dan bashqa
(suffix)
beddel, yu- ivaz kardan digish etmekbeddil (barter)
*adhar, ya'dhir; ma*zur dash- *afv etmek,'adhdhar tan, dar 'afv etdirmek
(make excuses
for)
tamrin, mashq ta'lim
riyadh'ahintadhar, yan- muntazir me'mul etmektadhir biidan
356 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
expense masraf {pi. kharj kharj, masraf
ma^arif)
explain fesser,yiifessir hali kardan, anlatmaq,ta'rifkun etmek
explode fajjar, yufajjir infijar kardan, patlatmaq{trans.) kun
explode infajar, yan- tarakidan, patlamaq{intrans.) fajir tarak
explosion infijar infijar patlamaexport (v.) ba'ath, yib'ath haml bi-kharij dishari gonder
kardan mek
exposed mu'arradh ma*riiz ma'ruz, achiq
ewe
eye
extinguish
na'jah*ain {dual
'ainain, pi.
*uyiin)
taffa, yutaffi
madeh mishchashm
khamiisli
kardan
dishi-qoyun
goz
siindui-mek
face
faithful
fall {V.)
family
famous
fanatical
far
farmfarmer
farrier
fat {adj.)
wajh {pi. riii, ^iirat
wujiih)
amin, sadiq wafadar
waga% yoga' ; uftadan, uft
saqat, yasqut(of city)
'
ayilah ahl-i-khaneh
mashhiir mashhiir,namdar
muta*a§i?ib muta*a?sibba'id durmazra'ah mazra'
fellah (peasant) ra'iyat, zira'
atkar
na"al na*l-band
samin {pi.
saman)
farbeh
yuz
sadiq, doghrudiishmek
familya, ev,
choluqchojuq-lar
meshhur
muta'assib
uzaqchiftlik
chiftji
na'al-band,baitar (vet.)
semiz, shish-
man
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 357
English.
expense
explain
explode(trans.)
explode(intrans.)
explosion
export (v.)
exposed
ewe
eye
Armenian.
dzakhq
patsatrel
baytetsnel
baytil
baytiunardadzel
Kurdish. ^Syriac.
kharj, masarif masrap
iafsir kir, hal mpusheqlegotin
agir da
agir girt,
taqandin
mushqille nu a
shqille nura
la idi dawlathenartin
nshavag, yen- pesh qsbm.{'prep.).m-
thaga(vdanki, shan ta
yevaln)
maqijvochkhar meh 'erba, wana
achq chav *aina
extinguish marel
face
faithful
fall
yeres
havadarimihnal
mirandin, mchanie
kuzhdin,tifandin
ru, damuchav patha
rast
ketin
ammnpille
family undaniq khan baitha
famous
358
English.
fat {n.)
father
favour {n.)
fear {v.)
feast
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
Persian.Arabic.
dihn, semenabfadhlah
pidariltifat
Turkish .
baba, pederkerem
khaf, yakhaf tarsidaii; tars qorqmaq'
azimah id ziyafet
Februaryfeeble
ferry (w.)
fertile
fetch
fever
few
field
fig
fight {v.)
fight {n.)
Shubatdha'if
ma'eber
mukhsib
ja bi-, yaji bi-
sakhunah
qalil
mazra*ahtinah {"pl. tin)ta* arak,
yata'arak ;
taharab,
yataharab*arkah
Shubatza'if
ma'bar,
guzar-gahhasil-khiz
Shubat
quvetsiz
gechid yeri
bereketli
awurdan, ar getirtab sitmakam az
chaman tarla
anjir injir
jang kardan, muharebe et-
kun mek
jang
file (of soldiers) saff{'pl. sufuf
)
fill teres, yitras
filled
ghavgha, mu-harebe
filly
find
finger
finish (v.)
matrus
muhrah
wajad, yojadusbu' {fl.
asabi')
khalla?, yu-khallis
;kem-
mel
radif, qitar sira
pur kardan, doldurmaqkun
purshuda [or dolu
mamlu)madeh kurreh qisraq tai
yaftan, yab bulmaqangusht parmaq
tamam kardan bitirmek
English.
6.ve{'n.)
fire-placefire-wood
firing line
firm
fish (n.)
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
Armenian. Kurdish.
361
grag agirvarraran biklieri
varrelapayd hizh, chilka,dar
gragi sahman arde sharr
amour, bind zakhm rraq,
qawi
tzoug masi
Syriac.
nura
biklieriye
qaise, hatab
dukthad-sharre
khailana
uunta
flat
flea
{V.)
troshag bairaq baidaq
dapag, harth dasht, sawi shtiiia
lou kaich peruana
pakhil ravi *reqle
fleet navadorm,
dormighflesh misflock (n.) hodflood {n. : see heghegh,also tide) chrheghegh
floor
flour
flower
fly {n.)
fly (v.)
fog
follow
aliur
dzaghig
janj
goshttarsh, garantufan, sar
hadde ave'ard
ar, ard
gul
be^ratarsha
sel
ar'a
tkhunawarda, chuchag
maish, muz didwa
trrchel, trril ferrin tere
mshoush, mar- mizh, tam khepiitha
rakhoughhedevel legal or lepa izelle bathre
hatin
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 363
English. Armenian, Kurdish, Syriac.
food snount, gera- khwarin, tesht ikhala
gourfoot vodq pe aqla
footpath
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 369
English.
girl
girth
give
give in
glad
Armenian.
aghcliig
pog, gabdal
antznadourlinel
ourakh
glass (of win- abagi(badou-dow) hani)
glass (for pazhagdrinking)
gloves tzerrnots
go— yertal
Kurdish.
kicb, kanishk
bartangdan
taslim kir
dilkbwash,shad
shusha, jam
tarar, shiishah
lapik, shelik
chon
Syriac.
brata
tangaiwelle, yawel
msulemle
p^ikha, khadia
shusha
kasa
bra'idhatha,
lapikkathaizelle
go away(infin.)
go away(imper.)
go in
go out
herranal zhdarva chon npiqle
kna ! heratsir ! birau, harra, pliit
darkavaners yertal hatindare iwere
tours yertal chonzhdar
go (of machine) knal, sharzhil, chun
yertal, megnilgoat aydz bizin
npiqle baraye
palikh
God
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 373
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
glow (raise) hastsnel, medz- hishinanin, mamtitsnel ruanin
{trans.), his-
hin boin
{intrans.)
I
guard (n.)
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 375
English.
hand
hand grenade
handkerchief
hang up
happy
harbour
hardharlot
harvest (n.)
hastily
hat
hate (v.)
have—
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
tzerq dast idha
tzerrqi rroump,rrmpag
tashkinag dasmal, kafiya yalikhta
gakhel halawistin, . tlele
awiz kir
ourakh, zvart, khwosh, dil- khadiyayerchanig sevik
navahankisd mina
gardzr sakht, rraq qeshya, sart
hanragin, tsop qahba zanita
Cpoz', vulgar)
hountzq, arti- hasad, khar- khizda
unq man, dirun
shoudov, adja- blazzi jeldi
baranoqklkharg barnaita, klao kiisita
franjiadel waki dizhmin snele
girt
ounenal {use 'prep. ith)
I have
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 377
English.
have you ?
hay
he
headheadacheheadland
head-quarters
healthy
heap {n.)
heap up
hear
heart
heat {v.)
heat {n.)
heavyhell
helm
help {v.)
help {n.)
her
herd {n.)
here
hide {trans.)
hide {intrans.)
high
Armenian Kurdish.
ouniq ? ouniq ta haya ?
touq?khod gia, ka
Syriac.
gallo ittokh ?
ith lakun ?
tuna, gila
awa, oresha
mara d-resha
an, aniga o
kloukh sar
klkhatsav darde sar
sar, saravant shakh, halat romta
sbayaguydivayr, zorad-
deghi
arroghj sakh, saghlam saghlam, sakh
tez, guyd shkerr kumah, shkerra
tizel, goudagel sar da, takwim mkuwimlekir
behistinIsel
sird
dagtsnel
dagutiundzanr
tzhokhq.
gliegoknel
oknoutiunanor
nakhir
hos, asd
thaqtsunel,
dzadzgelthaqchil,
dzadzgvil
partzr
dil
garm kir
garmgiran
jehannam,duzha
hari da
hari, yari
garan, ran
harah, era
washartin
bilind
shmele
libba
mushkhenne
khemmayaquragihena
'inne, mheyir
'aun
-ah (suffix)
buqraakha, lakha
mtushele
tshele
rrama
378 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
highroad darb sultan i, rah, shah-rah jadde (yol)
tariq
highwater medd el-moi madd-i-darya, meddi kyamil,deniz qabar-masi
hill tell {pi. tulul) kuh, tappeh tepe
hillock tell saghir kuh-i-kuchak tepejik, hiiyiik
hilly dhat tulul past u buland inishli-
yoqushluhim -uh, -hu (suffix) u-ra, -ash ona {dat.),
(suffix) onu (ace.)
himself nefsuh khudash kendi
hinder mena', man'kardan, braqmamaq,yimna' kun mani' olmaq
hire (n.) karwah kiraya qira
his -uh,-h\i (suffix) y -i-vi,-Sish(suffix) onunmaluh
hit (v.) dharab, ya- zadan, zan vurmaqdhrab (strike) ; (strike) ;
sab, yasib (of deimek (of
mark) . mark)hither ila hina bi-inja biirayahobbles (n.) *iqal pa-band
hold (v.) mesek, yim- giriftan, gir tutmaq, yiqala-sak maq
hold (contain) wasa', yasa* gunjayish almaq; sigh-
dashtan, dar maq (to be
contained)hold (a posi- hama, yuhami nigah dashtan, tiitmaq
tion) dar
hold out dam, yadiim mudawamat dayanmaqkardan, kun
hold (of ship) *ambar ambar-ekashti, anbar
(n.) khan-e kashti
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 381
Armenian.
dzag
bargeshd
Kurdish.
kunaSyriac.
nuqba
rast, dilpak kena, dus
badiv, medza- iiamus, awru qudraranq (chastity) ;
qadr, iqbal
(dignity)
jang, gerr changal, qullaf qullaba
buys
382 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English,
hut
I
ice
if
ignorant
ill•
illness
immediately
impossible
imprison
impudent
in
inconvenient
increase
(trans.)
increase
(intrans.)India
Indian
indigestion
infantry-
infectious
infidel (i.e.
non-Moslem)inform
Arabic, Persian. Turkish.
sarifah (of kappar, kap- qulubemats) par-e hasir-
pushana man ben
thelj yakh buzidha, in agar eyer
jahil jahil, na-dan jahil, ma'lu-
matsiz
maridh, waj'an na-khush kbasta, keif-
siz
maradh, waj' na-khushi, khastaliqbimari
hessa, bis- fauri der'aqabsa*ah I
muhall, musta- ghair mumkin olmaz, mumkinhil or mustahil deyil
habas, yahbis habs kardan, habs etmek,kun babsa atmaq
waqih shukh, bi- edebsiz, kiis-
sbarm takh
fi, bi dar -da {suffix)
mu muwafiq na-munasib miinasibetsiz,sikindili
zad, yazid afzudan, afza artirmaq, cho-
ghaltmaqizdad, yazdad afzudan, afza artmaq, cho-
ghalmaqBilad el-Hind Hindustan HindustanHindi Hindi Hindli
tukbmah, jali sii-i-liazm su'i bazm
piyadah
sari, mu'di
sarbaz-i-
piyadehsari
piyade 'asker
bulashiq (per-
son) ;sari
(disease)
giaurkafir (pi. kuf- kafir
far)
akbbar, khabar dadan, bildirmek
yukhbir deh
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 383
English, Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac,
hut dnag kepir, qaprana qiiprana
I
ice
if
ignorant
ill
illness
immediately
impossible
imprison
impudent
in
inconvenient
increase
{trans.)
increase
{intrans.)India
Indian
indigestion
infantry
infectious
yessarouts, sarr
yethedked, anous
hivant
hivandoutiun
anmichabes,
isguyn
angareli
pandargel
lirp, anzkam
i, mech
anharmar
shadtsnel
shadnal
HndgastanHndiganmarsoghou-tiun
hedevag, hede-
vagazorvaragich
az, min
bafr, sahul
agar, hakanazan
nasakh
nasakhi, esh
zujblaz (quick-
ly) ; warina,herista
nabi, nawu,
ghair mumkin
bapis kir, dii-
sakh kir
behaya
niv, nao
na munasib
ziada kir
zaid or galakor mazin bii
HindustanHindi
payada
sari
ana
gdilain
nazani, jabil
kriha, mari'a
kurhana, mar'a
• alba'al
la baraya,na-mumkin
hbesle
d-la nekhpa
b-go, b-gav, b-
{prefix)la munasib
miizedle
zidle
Hind
Hindwaya
paiyada
matepiana, sari
infidel
inform
anoren, anha- kafir, gawir, kapuravad be-din
imatsnel khabar da mukhbere
384 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
information
in front
in front of
in future
ink
inlet
inn
innocent
insane
inside
inspect
inspector
instruction
Arabic.
khabr
quddam,quddam,fil-mustaqbil
hibr
khalij saghlr
khan {pi.
khanat)beri
majnun
dakhil, jowafettesb, yu-fettish
mufettish
ta'lim
Persian.
ittila*
pish
pish-i-dar ayandeh
murakkab
khalij -i-
kuchak
karvan-sara}^
bi-gunah
divana
Turkish.
khaber
ileri
on ( + suffix) debundan sonra,atida
miirekkeb
aghiz, boghaz,qoi
khan
qabahatsiz,ma'siim
deli
andarun, dar ichinde
mulahaza kar- yoqlamaqdan ; naza-rat kardan
(in sense of*
superintend')nazir mufettish, yoq-
lamaji
tarbiyat ta'lim
insult {v.)
insult (n.)
Intelligence
Department
intelligent
intend
interpret
interpreter
ahan, yuhin
ihanah
Dayirat el-
mukhabarat
'aqil
qasad, yaqsador nawa,
yanwiterjam, yuter-
jim
tarjuman
ihaneh kar- haqaret etmek
dan, kunihaneh haqaret
idara-ye akh- Dayirat el-
bar mukhabarat
hushdar, 'aqil 'aqlli
niyyat kardan, niyyet( + sujfix)
kun var
tarjumeh terjume etmek
kardan, kun
mutarjim terjuman
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 385
English.
information
in front
in front of
in future
ink
inlet
inn
innocent
insane
inside
inspect
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
deghegoutiun, khabor khabradzanotoutiunarrchev peshin qamayaarrchev pesh qamabakayin pashe b-zauna d-athe
melan hober, muraken bidyuta
moudq, kborsh
bantog,ichevan
anmegh
khan
beguna, be-
qusurdin, be-'aql
kban
kena, d-la
gnabashidanakbent, khela
kari nersn, nersn niv, nao gawayeqnnel, znnel mulahadha or msakbsi
mushahadakirin
inspector
instruction
insult {v.)
insult [n.)
Intelligence
Department
intelligent
intend
interpret
interpreterMES. I
desoucb, vera-
gatsoutelatroutiun,hramandvou-tiun
anarkel,nakbadel
nakbading
Dzanotoutiun-
neri Basbdo-na ran
ousbim,kbelatsi
mdatrvil,
gamenal
tarkmanel
tarkman
nazir, mufat-tisb
ifada, ta'Iim,tanbib
kbabarr got
dizbminai,kbabarr
khabar kbana
msakbsana
malpanutba
mgu'ere
sa'ore
mansab d-du-rasba
aqil, tezbfam 'aqil, baunana
b'elekbwast, ma-ram kir
terzumani kir
tarjumanb
mpusbiqle
tarjaman
386
interview (n.)
into
intrigue (n.)
inundation
invasion
invent
investigation
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
muwajahah mulaqatfi, ila dar dakhil
daslsah dasisa
feyadhan(overflow)
dukhul
sailab
goriishmeichine
fessad
su basmasi
hujum, takht- tejavuzu taz
ikhtara', yakh- ikhtira' ijad etmektari' namudan,
numateftish tahqiq teftish
mvite
iron {n.)
iron {adj.)
irrigateisland
is there ?
it {nom.)it (ace.)
its
jackal
jacket
jamJanuary
jettyJew
da'a, yad'u or
'azzam,
yu'azzim
hadidmin hadid
saqa, yasqi
jazirah {pi.
jaza'ir)aku?
liua,huwa,hiya-uh, -ha (-a)
{suffix)
-uh, -ha (-a)
{suffix)
wawi {pl.wsLwi'
yah)sitrah
(Turkish)
marabbaKanun eth-
thani
eskelah
Yahudi {pi.
Yahud)
da'wat kardan, da'vet etmekkun or mih-man kardan,kunahan demirahanln demirdenab dadan, deh sulamaqjazireh
hast ?
an
-i-an {suffix)
shughal
nimtana
ada
bulunur-mu ?
var-mi ?
0, ol
onu
onun
chaqal
setri, mintan
murabba rechel, tatli
Kanun-as-sani Kyanun-i-sani
iskaleh
Yahudiiskele
Yahudi
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 387
English. Armenian. Kurdish.
interview [n.) desagtsoutiiin mulaqatniv, la
fasadi, kaidinto i, i nerks
intrigue (w.) meqenayou-tiun, tav
inundation
invasion
invent
Syriac.
tpaqtab-, 1- {'prefix)
qola
selvoghoghel, tufan, saile
heghegel ave
arshavanq hujum, kharat, wirta
azhutinhnarel dit - khzele/ewedhle
ikhtira*
investigation khouzargou- tahqiq, pe msakhsaytatiun, qnnou- hilandinetiun
invite hravirel dawat kir, mkuremle,
gazi kir qrele
iron (n.)
iron {adj.)
irrigateisland
is there ?
it {nom.)it {ace.)
its
jackal
jacket
jamJanuary
yergat
yergatiavorrokel
gghzi
aynad
lur
asm
av da
jazirali
ga artiog ? haya !
jettyJew
shnakayl
badmoudjan
jam, mourabaHounvar
navamaduytsHria
au
-wi {suffix)
chaqal
satra, elakk,
qutikk,
shapikkmurabbaKanune sani
askalah
Juhi
prezla
d-prezla
miishqele
jazirah, ada
gallo ith ?
awa, aya
-eh, -ah {suffix)
wawi, toritha
gudda
murabbaKanun kharaya
askalah
Hudhaya
B b2
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 389
English.
jewel
job
joiner
journey
joyful
"
judge {v.)
(civil, n.)
(religious,
jug
July
jump {v.)
June
jungle
justice
jute
keel
keep
Armenian. Kurdish.
kohar, badva- jauhar, zinat
gan qarkordz, zpag- shol, karhoum
adaghtzakordz najjar
janportoutiun safar
tsndzalits, shad, dil-
ourakh shadtadel hiukm kirin
Syriac.
kipa
d-shapaqtashula
nujarsafar
marl khadiitha
'awid diwan
tadavor liakim, qazi
n.) gronagan tada- qazTvor
gouzhHoulis
tsadgel,vosdnoul
Hounisandarr
artaroutiun
ganep (hemp)
kok, hadagnavi
bahel
qadi
talma, dantaTamuzshwerc'
ibriq, avtanTammuzbanz da,
jenqinKheziran Hziran
ghabah, jangal ghabah, tar-
rashe
'adalat kenutha, in^af
qinnab, giaesultan
girtin ntere
kettle san, bdoug qazan, tenjur destitha, maqlc
key
390 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
kiln kurah kura-ye ajur ojaqkind {adj.) latif mihraban eyi, insaniyetlikind (n.) jins {pi. ajnas) nau* nev', turlu,
jinsmelik {pi. shall qral
muliik)memlekali {pi. mamlakat memleket
mamalik)bas, yabus mach kardan opmek
king
kingdom
kiss {v.)
kit (soldiers') aghradh {pi.) asbab esbya
kitchen
knapsack
knee
knife
matbakh ashpaz-kbaneh matbakh, ash
khane
torbah asbab-dan {or chanta
chanta)zanu dizrukbah {pi.
rukiib)sikkin {pi.
sakakin)knife (pen- chakuch,
knife) qalam trash
knock (at door, daqq, yaduqq kubidan, dar chalmaqV.) zadan
chaqu, kard bichaq
qalem trash
knot (distance) mil {pi. amyal) mil mil, deniz mili
know 'araf, ya'rif, danistan, dan bilmek
Kurdistan
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 391
English.
kiln
kind {adj.)
kind (n.)
king
kingdom
kiss (v.)
kit (soldiers')
kitchen
knapsack
knee
knife
Armenian.
pourr
pari
takavor
takavoroutiun
hampourel,baknel
barg (zinvorits)
khohanots
makbagh
dzoung
tanag, zmeli
Kurdish.
kur, tannurdils6z, hebbi
jins
sultan, kbum-kar
daulat, mam-lakat
mach kirin,
bosa kirin
asbab, teshte
'askar
matbakh, ash-
khanahcheltik
zbnu, kodk,zrani
kerek
Syriac.
kiira
mrahmanaginsa
malka
dawelta, mal-
kiitha
nasbiq
chaki
matbakh
janta
birka
skina
knock (at door, zarnel (toure) daqq al-bab mtaptipV.) kirin, la-
darga daqqkirin
knot (distance) mghonknow kidnal zanin idhele, yadhe
Kurdistan Kurdistan Kurdistan Kurdistanlack {v.) bagasil, nvazil bhauja bu sniqle
ladder
lady
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 393
English.
lame
lamplance
land {n.)
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
gagh leng, kuUak shilla
lapter, lampa cliira, lampa lampanizag rumm, ram rumha
tsamaq, yergir 'ard ar'a, yaushana
land (v.) tsamaq yellel la-*ard hatin shari'ul
or darbazboin
landing party tsamaq elnogb
khoumplandlord (land) galvadzader agha, sahib agha
mulk
(of house)
languagelantern
394 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
lazylead (metal
adj.)lead (metal, ».) ra^a?
Arabic. Persian.
keslaD, tembil sust, tambalmin ra§a§a surbi
surb
Turkish.
tembel
qurshun
qursbun
lead {v.)
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 395
I
English. Armenian.
lazy dzuyllead (metal, gabaria
adj.)
lead (metal; w.) gabar (metal)hramanada-
Kurdish. Syriac.
tembal kislan
qia, ziriji, surb min ri§a§
risa§
lead {v.)
leaf
routiun,arrachnor-
toutium (of
army)varel, arrach- pesh girtin, mukhwelenortel ria nishan da urkha
derev; tought chlu, pak, terpa
leak {n.)
lean {adj.)
learn
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 397
English.
lengthless
letter
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
yergaynoutiun drezhi yerkhuthanvaz kemter besh qi^^a
namag kaghad,mektub
kthawa
!ettuce
level {adj.)
libertylie (down)
lie (to tell a)
lie {n.)
lieutenant
life
life-belt
bazar, marol khass, kahu kahi
hart, havasar rast shtiha, rast
azadoutiun
barrgil
sdel, soudkhosel
soud
deghagal
gianq
gensakodi
hurriyat, azai azadiitha
rra keutin, ne- shtehlewestin
drau kir
drau, dru
zhi, 'umr
mdugille
duglamulazim
khaye
lift partsratsnel,
grel
light (kindle v.)varrel, lousa-
vorel
(of sun, n.) arev
light (of
weight)
lighter _
lightning
lights
like (v.)
thethev
lasd, navagperrnagir
gaydzag
jrak
ouzel, havnil,
tsangal
helanin, bar muremle
girtin
agir kirin, agir mtapedan, dagir-standin
rozhnai, ruh- bahranai
silk, sevekk qalula
birusk, shim- berqaarta
ruhnai, rozh- behra
nai
khwastin keba'yi
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 399
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
like (similar hamanman, waki!, waki, mdamiyato) nman, bes wak, minana
like this asor bes, asor wak vi, wak av akb-d-ahanman
lime (material) gir ahik, gach kilsha
limit sahman iiadd, senur liadd, tkhtima
limp {v.)
402 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
lowlow water
loyal
luck
luggage
lunch
lung
machine
machine-gun
madmagazine(powder)
maize
major
Arabic. Persian.
nasi, wati past
jezr el-moi jazr-i-darya
Turkish.
alchaqdeniz jezri, de-
niz chekilmesi
amin {pi.
aminin)nasib
aghradh (pi.)
ghadama'laq, riyah(riyaten)
makinahrashshash
majniinmakhzan el-
barudidhrat esh-
shambimbashi
make sawwa, yu-sawwi
man (male) rejul (pi. rijal)
or rijal {pi.
rijajil)
man (person) adami, nefer
manager
many
map
March
march (%.)
mudir
kathir, hewayi
kharitah or
khartah
Adbar, Mars
masir (of
troops)
farmanbar-dar, sadiq
shah-parastbakht bakht
asbab, ashya eshya
nahar
shush, riya
oile yemeyiaq jiger
mashin, charkh charkh, maqinatup-e chand
lulage khud
purkun, tup-e musalsal
divanamakhzah-i-barud
zurrat
sarhang
mitralyuz
deli
barut makh-
zeni, jeb-khanemisr boghdayi,dari
bimbashi
sakhtan, saz yapmaq
mard erkek
404 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
march {v.)
Arabic. Persian.
mesha, yimslii kuchidan,kuch
Turkish.
yuriimek
mare
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 407
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
medal shqanshan nishan, medal nishanqa
medicine tegh darman, 'alaj darmanameet hantibel rast hatin, khzele, tapiq
Ibar yak bumelon sekh, tsmerong gindor, qarpus shiptiya,
(water melon) bashile
melted butter iugh, yegh riin meshkha, du-
hanamend norokel, gar- pina or ruq*at mruqel6
gadel kir, diiranin
merchandise
merchant
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS .409
Ministry (civil)
minute
miragemirror
missing
mist
mix
Mohammedanmoisture
monastery
'Monday
moneymoney-
changermonitor
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
nakhararoutiun wizarat waziii
(qaghaqagan)robe, vargian daqiqah daqiqah
(modaqoyn) sarav, kurab sharawha\ eli awina, nink nora, mirre
hinda bu msukra
mek, marak- duman, khiiz, hogahough mizh
kharrnel taik da, khalat khletlekir
Dadjig musulman mashlmanakhonavoutiun rutubat, shili, teriiitha, tali-
tarri
vanq, der
menastan
Yergoushapti Dushambah
tram, sdag para, diraf
loumayapokh sarraf
rasmanav
lutha
daira
Trushaba
ziizi
surap, sarrafa
monsoon
month
moon
new moon
full moon
^,moor (tie up)
Ii^ more
(darevor
hoghm)amis
mausum,fa§le ba
haiv, mah yerkha
sehralousin mah, haiv,
mongnor lousin hiva nii, hiv sahra khata
hilati, hilal
gadar lousin hiva tam, badr badri
baranovgabel gami shedan-
din, langaravitin or
avizhin
aveli galakter, besh kabira,
peterr zoda
410. GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
morning
mortar
mosque
mosquitomosquito-net
mothermotor-boat
mound
mountain
mountain-
rangemousemouthmouth (of
river)move (trans.)
Arabic.
?abah
juss
jami', mesjid
baqq (bug)kullah
ummmarkab gaz
tell (pi. tumi)
jebel [fl.
jibal)silsilat jibal
Persian.
9ubtL
Turkish.
sabah
bastan kharj
(for chemicals);havan (mili-
tary) or tup-e
qumbara-andazi
masjid jami', mesjid
pashsheh sivri sinek
pashsha-band sineklik, jibin-lik
madar ana, valide
kashtiya khud-ravan
tappa, khakriz tepejik, hiiyiik
(military)kuh
kiihistan
far (pi. firan) mush
halq (pi. huluq) dahansadr (esh-shatt) dahaneh
dagh
dagh silsilesi,
sira daghlarsichan, fare
aghz(irmaq) aghzi
harrak, yuhar- tahrik kardan, naql etmek,rik kun qimildatmaq
move (intrans.) taharrak, yata- harakat kar- qimildanmaq
much {adj.)
much {adv.)mud
muddymud -flats
mule
muleteer
harrakkathir
kathir
tin, wahl
muwahhilwahl
boghl {pi. ba-
ghal)
baghghal, mu-kari
dan, kun
bisyarkhaili
gil-alud
astar, qatir
charvadar
choqchoqchamur
chamurli
balchiq
qatir
qatirji
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 411
English.
morning
mortar
Armenian.
arravod
shaghakh
Kurdish. Syriac.
subahi, suba qadamta, be-
hawanepare
gejkhaq
mosque
412 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
municipal
munitions
must
mutiny {n.)
mutton
my
myself
nail (iron)
nail (finger)
name
what is the
name of ?
narrow
napkin
nationality
native (n.)
naval
navigable
navigate
Arabic.
beledi
mu'addat el-
harb
lazim
Persian.
baladi
Turkish.
beladiye
muhimmat-e muhimmatjangi {or lava-
zim-e qushun)
bayad {imper- -meli, -mali
sonal)
'asyan, thorah 'a§yan
lahm ghanam gusbt-i-
gusfand-i (suffix), mail -i-man, -am
(after noun) (suffix)
nefsi kbudam
(suffix to verbal
root) ;lazim
(necessary)
'isyan, tughyan
qoyun eti
benim, -im
(suffix)
kendim
bismar(])l. mikh chivi, mikli
basamir)dhafr (pi. adba- nakhun tirnaq
fir)
ism (pi. asami nam ism, adand isma)
shism ? ism-ash chist ? -e ne derler ?
iibaiyiq
peshqir
jinsiyah
ibn el-bilad
bahri
yanmeshi bi-
safinah
qad el-markab,
yaqud el-
markab
tang dar
dastmal-e peshkirsufra
milliyat ; milliyetvatan (native
country)bumi yerli
darya'i, bahri bahr
qabil-e ubur-e seiri sefayinekashti musa'id
kashti randan, qapudanliqran etmek
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 413
English.
municipal
munitions
»must
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
taghabedagan, madam, d-mdita
qaghaqayin baladi
rrazmamterq chakke sharr, asbabi qosho-masalihe nayi, jabo-
sharr, jabak- khanahana
bedq e lazim, garak lazim
mutiny {n.)
mutton
my
myself
nail (iron)
nail (finger)
name
what is the
name of ?
narrow
napkin
nationality
native {n.)
naval
navigable
absdampou-tiun
vochkhari mis
im
inqs, yesinqs,
inqzinqskam, peverr
yeghoung
anoun
inche anounei9
negh
antzerrots
azkaynoutiun,azkoutiun
deghatsi, pnignavayinnavargeli
esian
goshte pazz
-min {svjfflx)
az bikhwa,min bkhobizmar
ninuk
nav
nave...chia ?
tang, task,
jemikpishkir, pa-shik, kaffiya
millat
'aslyiitha, ma-rodhutha
bisra d-erba
-i {suffix), di-i
gani
bismara
tipra
shimma
ma shimma d- ?
'iqa
dasmal
milat
navigate navargel
ahl balad yerluya
qabil 'ubur, spayi qana-kur gamiye
414 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
navigation
navy-near
Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
milahah, qiya- rah bari-yi- qapudanliqdat el-markab jahazU9tul, bahriyah jahazat donanma
jarib or qarib nazd, nazdik yaqin
necessary (it lazim
is)
lazim ast lazim, gerek
neckneed {v.)
needle
neighbour
ruqbahihtaj ila,
yahtaj ila
ibrah {pi. ibar) siizan
gardan boyiin
muhtaj shu- muhtaj olmaq,dan, shau istemek
jar {pi. jiran) hamsaya
neighbourhood mahallah
(quarter of
town) ; qurbneither . . . nor la . . . wa-la
net shebekah
nazdiki {or
hamsayagi)
nah . . . nah
dam
(against mos- kullah
quitoes)
lyne
qonshu
qonshuluq
ne . . . ne
agh
sineklik
never
newnews
abadan {ivith
negative)
jadidkhabr {sing.)
newspaper
next
jaridah {pi.
jarayid)
tham(of time) ; digar
agrab
abadan {fol- hich( -^nega-
lowed hy na, tive)
'not')nauakhbar
ruznameh
yenikhaber
ghazeta
yandaki (be-
side) ;sonra
(after)
night
tayyib
lelah
latif, khush
shab
eyi, giizel,
tatli
geje
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 417
English.
nippers
nonoise
nomad
noonno one
north
northern
nose
nosebag
not
Annenian.
aqdzan gasd ;
qelbetin
(Turkish)voch
tzayn
vranapnag
ges or
voch voqhiusis
hiusisayin
qith
dobrag (tziou
snounti)
voch, ch'
Kurdish:
miqash, gaz,
mashik, kal-
bittin
no, na
dang, faryad
Syriac.
malkta, kal-
bittin
la
qalmaqal
kochari; re- kochari
wendannivro, nimaro palge d-yomachu kas chu khashimal garbya
difin, qupujuhor, tura
nakhira
'aiiqah, juhorre
la
not at all amenevin qat'an, abadan qat'an, abadan,hich
note (letter) domsag, krou- kakhaz. mak- ktawa; tiun tub
(promissory) khosdmnakir *ahd-nama hiijat
note-book
nothing
nothing, for
(gratis)not yet
nowhere
I
houshadedr kitab, kakhaz daptarvochinch chii tesht, hich chu mindi
vochinch, tzri balash herwa, balash
terr voch, hesh na, hizhi hesh la
dogavin voch na
November Noemper Teshrlni sani, Tcheri kharayapaiz
hima, ayzhm nuha, istaka daha, adiya
voch oureq, bchii ja, bchii b-chu diiktha
voch mi degh arda
D d
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 425
English.
pannier
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
goghov ;se- zanbil, salik kajawa
ped (Turkish)'eixnev
paper thoukht kaghi waraqa
parasol
parley (w.)
parole (n.)
party (dinner)
pass (defile)
passage (an
act)
passage (way)
passage-
money
passport
password
pasturage
path
sewan, sham- shumsiyasiya
akhivtin mhamzamta,mahkaitha
kalam sharaf qola
da'wat, ziafat qonakhligh
gall, boghaz boghaz, raola
galiya
re, ria, rabori sapar
hovanots
panagtsoutiun
khosdoum
djashgeruyt
girj (of moun-
tains)
antsq
jampa, jana- rre, rria aliilta, kolana,
barh urkhanavou dzakhs
; kre, haq kherj d-sapar
navargoutiantramantsakir teskere
antsaparr,
parola
jarag, arod eheria, Iwar, mar'iya, zozanmar* a
shavigh, hedq rre, rria urkha
patrol {n.) bahaban, kis- pasban, natorehertabah naubachi
patrol {v.) patrol unel naubah kir ntere
hertabahel
pay (w.) vjar, vartsq haq, para liaq
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 427
English.
pay {v.)
peace
pear
peasant
pen
pencil
pennant
perfume
perhapsperiscope
permission
Persia
Persian
people
pepperpetition (n.)
pheasant
photographin.)
pick-axe
picket (n.)
picture
piece {n.)
pier
Armenian.
vjarel
khaghaghou-tiun
dantz
kiughatsi
krich
madid
Kurdish.
haq da
sulh
Syriac.
mxirzele, iwelle
haq
sulh, shlama
karchin, armii kamitra
rainjbar, fal- bne mata, fellah
lah, jotyar
qalam, khama qalama
qalam risas, pensila, qalamkhonwiss d-ri^i^
droshag(arreakh tro-
shag^navi via)
poyr, anousha- behn, *itr rikha
hod
teryevs, koutse balgl, balani belki
periscop
tidaghraman, touil- rukhsat, das- rukhsat
devoutiun tur, izn
an 'Ajam, Iran 'Ajam'Ajami 'Ajamayakhalq, mirova nashefilfil film
arzahal ba'utha,arzahal
Barsig
zhoghovourtbghbeghaghersakir,
aghachanqpasian
lousangar
brrich
arrachakound,
picket
badger
gdor, mas
navamaduyts
tiirang, tai-
hiich
kulang, mawal ma'wal, nara
surat
parcha, par
askalah
shikla, surta
sama
askalah
432 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
poorpork
population
port
port (of ship)
hard a-port
porter (door)
porter
(carrier)
porthole
Arabic. Persian.
faqir, meskin darvish,miskinlahm khanzir gusht-i-khuk
' adad en-nufus adad-i-sukkanmamlakat
bander, mina
{fl. mawani)yisar
tammam lil-
yisarbawwab
hammal {pi.
tiamamil)shubbak
bandar
darban
hammal
Turkish.
fuqaradomuz eti
ehali
liman
geminin iskele
tarafi
alabanda iskele
qapuju
hamma.1
lumbar deliyi
portmanteau jantah
possibly yimkin
post office postakhanehpot (for cook- jidr
ing)
pot (for water) hibb (large)
pottery fakharah
potatoes
pour out
patetah'
sabb, yasubb
jama-danmumkin
chantabelki
powder (gun-) barud
praise (v.) medeh, yim-dah
pray (worship, §alla, yusalli
prayer sala {vl. sala-
wat)
prefer fadhdhal,vufadhdhil
post-khaneh posta-khanedig or patila tenjere, qazan
ibriq testi, chiimlek
zuruf-e chini chanaqlar,or kuza muza chiimekler
sib-i-zamm patates
rikhtan, riz dokmek
barud barut
situdan, sita medh etmek
namazkardan du*a etmek
namaz du' a
tarjihi dadan, terjih etmekdeh
434 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
prepare {trans.) hadhdhar, yu- amudan,ama or hazirlamaq
436 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
proprietor
Arahic.
sahib
protection (of himayahweak States)
Persian.
malik'
himayat
Turkish.
sahib
himave
province
provisional
public (n.)
pulse (wrist)
pump (n.)
punish
wilayah
waqti (tempo-rary).* mash-rut (condi-
tional) /
en-nas, el-'am-
mahnabdh
trambah
qa^a?, yuqasij^
vilayat vilayet
muvaqqati- shimdilik ichin
khalq khalq
punitive ta' qibi
pupil (scholar) telmidh
pure
purse
safi (of water
kiB, jozdan
nabz nabztulumbeh tulumbasaza dadan, mujazat etmek
dehormujazatdadan, deh
tambihi mujazat ichin
shagird shagirdkhalis pak, temiz, safi
saf
kisa kese
pursue teba' yitba'
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 437
proprietor
Armenian.
sepaganader
protection (of bashdbanou-weak States) tiun (thuyl
garavarou-tiants)
province nahank
provisional
Kurdish. Syriac.
khudan, khu- maradan mnlk
himavat
wilayat
arrzhamanagia bo wakhte,
muaqqat
bast
wilayah
qadana
public (w.) zhoghovourt, khalk, 'am-
hanrayin matun-nas
pulse (wrist) zarg, dropoum nabz, damar
pump (n.) chrhan trumba
punish badzbel tarbya da, pegabin
punitive badzbaganpupil (scholar) ashagerdpure maqour,
anarad
purse , qsag
pursue
put
hedabndel,haladzel .
(enemy)dnel
qasasi, jazai
shagirdtaza, pak,kharu
kisa, jazdan,tiirik
pesh cho,ravandi
da nian
]am
lumza
trumbahmqusi^le
qa mta'lamtatalmida
sapiya
kisa
'reqle bathre
mutiile
put out (light) mai'el
puttee
quality
quantity
quarantine
quarrel (n.)
zankabanag,dzngagab
vorag, vorbi-
soutiun
qanagoutiun
qarantin
grriv
tifandin, son- muchmeder kirin
pasta, shibaqa
sifat, tab',
jins
tukhma
miqdar, kam- qudramiyat
karantina karantina
sharr, gelj, duz drasha
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 439
English. Armenian, Kurdish. Syriac.
quarry (rt.) qarahanq ma' dan, ma'dan d-kipi
maqta'quarter (part, chorrort (mas) charik, charag
n.) chwarik
(of town, w.) tagh mahallat mahal
quarter {v.) deghavorel, manzil da mu'mere, mus-
pnagetsnel kenne
quarter-master zorabed
quay qarap
question (n.) hartsoum
nazire ma -
askar, mudirumure *as-
kariyaaskalah
pirsyar, su'al
quick
quickly
zu, sevek, gurjzu
hadi, sakit
railway
askalah
mbaqarta-
qalula^
qalula
nikba, hidyashli, shttiq
la^efaklnakina
kerwish
rikhta
maidan
pirakalak
ghazu
yergatougbi ria papore urkha d-prizla
arak, shdab
shdabav,shoudov
quiet bandard
keep quiet ! Irre, hantard besakkina,
(imper.) getsir harak na-ka
(movement)quilt •vermag lalief
, urgbanquinine qnaqina kanakina,
kinJna
rajbbit djakar, nabas- kerwishk,
dag kargurace (horse, n.) tziarsbav asl (lineage) ;
bazrace-course asbarez mus
radish
raft
raid {n.]
rails
poghg turp, fijl, pollasd kalak
asbadagoutiun Idiara, ghazutsang, vanta-
railwaystation
gayaran
440 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
rain (n.)
raisins
ram [v.)
range
(firing dis-
tance)rank (posi-
tion, n.)
rarely
rat
read
ready «^'
rear
rearguard
reason (cause,
n.)
rebel
rebellion
receiptreceive {v.)
reckless
Arabic.
matarzabib
sudam, yaadim kubidan, kub basmaqmasafah amaj, masafat atim, menzil
Persian.
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 443
English. Armenian. Kurdish Syriac.
refugee pakhesdagan muhajir, dak-
hil
refuse {v.) merzhel qabul nakir la qbille, rfizle
regiment zorakount alai
regret (v.) tsavil, apsosal asaff kir, m'usufle
tengi
regular ganonavor 'askar nazami 'askaraya
(soldier) (zork) or khalis
regulation gark, ganon qanun
reinforcements nor uyzlier imdad, hari
reins yerasan, santz lighau
relations azkaganner khizm, ahl
(kindred)release {v.) artzagel az kir, berdan
qanona
madad
leghema
kliizme
'ewedhle aza
reliefs
religionremain
remember
remittance
(moneyrent {n.)
repeat
reply (n.)
report {v.)
zoravik, baba-
gapokhoutiunzorats
gronqmnal
hisbel
trami pokhana-tsoum
vartzq
grgnel
badaskbanlour dal,deghe-
gakrel
report (n.) degbegakir
representative nergayatsout-sicb, pokha-nort
isai, bar,bawar
din
main, rawastin
labir batin
amanat, tas-
limhaqkira, kire
takrar kir
jawabiqrar kir
taqrir
wakil, na'ib
bawar, *aun
toditba
pisble
itbele 1-bale,
tkbere
kiri
tnele
juwabewedble iqrarsbidble
iqrar, sabdu-tbawakil
444 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
republic
repulse (n.)
request (n.)
reserve
(military, n.)
reservoir hodh
Arabic. Persian.
jamhuiiyah jumhur
difa' difa'
talbah, istid'a khahish
radif radif
ab-ambar
Turkish.
jumhuriyet
maghlubiy^t(defeat)
rija
redif, ihtiyat-
khazna, sarnij
isti'faresignation , isti'fa isti'fa
resistance muqawamah, muqawameh muqavemedifa'
musirr, tbabit, ba 'azm sabit qademresolute
respect (n.)
rest (v.)
restaurant
result
retreat [n.)
retreat (v.)
return (v.)
reveille {n.)
azimi'tibar
istarah,
yastarihsufrakhanah.
loqandabnatijab
insihab
insahab,
yan sahib
reja', yirja'
yat burasi
(Turkish)waridah
ihtiramjesur
hurmet
aramidan, istirahat et-
aram mekashpaz-khaneh loqanda
yemekkhanenatijeh netije
*aqab nisha- geri chikilish,
stan rij'at
*aqab raftan, geri chikilmek,rau rij'at etmek-
baz amadan, donmek, geriai gelmek, avdet
etmek
buq-e bidari yat burasi
maliyat, irtifa' irad varidat
Revenue Idarahmaliyah Idara-ye mali- Idare-i-maliye
Department yatreverse (n.) *aks (opposite) shikast 'aqs
review (troops, munadharah san-bini
n.)
resmi gechid
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 449
English.
robber
robbery-
rock {n.)
rockyroof
roomroot
roperotten
rough
round {adj.)
row {v.)
rubbish
rudder
ruddy
rug {n.)
(for prayer)
ruins
run
rushes
Russia
Russian
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
kogh, avazag diz, jarda, ginawamughlachi
koghoutiua, dizi ginawuthaavazagoutiun
zhayrr bar, sug, git kepa or kipa
zhajrrrayin
daniq
manzal, oda
rih, kok
baran, chvan waris, bang
seniagarmad
pthadz
goshd
glor
thiavarel
avellsoug ;
zibil
(Turkish)
teg
garmrorag,
garmrakuynbasdar
sarban, sar- biqarshe, saqafkhane
oda, manzal
a§l, qarakhaula
spisa, seryarazia, pis
zbir la randa
mudauwar, mudauwar,
girover, khirr glola
khar, mJrdar pushika
dunbal. pishte durman
gamisor, qrrmizi smoqa
farsh, marsha, khali
barrik
{no such thing farsh, sajjadah khalicha
used except
by Moham-
averagvazel
kharabah kharaba
ravi, ling da 'riqle
hartzagmounq, chiqa*
qanyekhoyanqRousia Urns, Misqof Illisqof
Rousiatsi, Misqofi, Urusi MisqofayaRous
Ff
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 455
English.
scatter
school
scissors
scout {n.)
Armenian.
tsrvel
tbrots
mgradted, bahaban jasus
Kurdish. Syriac.
blau kir, wa- mburbizle
randinmaktab madrasah
miqash miqqasgashosha
screw (pro-
peller)sea
seal (stamp, n.
sealing-wax
searchlight
season
sea-wall
bdoudag
dzov
gniqgnqamom
lousakhuyz(parosneren
yev naveren
artzagvadz
khouzargouluys)
yeghanag
dzova-badnesh
burghi,charkh burghi, charkh
bahre, daryamuhr, murlak
fasle sale
yamamohrlak
shukhlapad-shata
second (num- yergrortber)
secret {n.) kaghdniqsecret {adj.) kaghdnisecretary qartoughar,
krakir
dui, duani, treyanasani
sirr, penhani raza
katib katiba
secretly
security
see
kaghdnapar bdizi, zhepani b-raza,
b-tushwaabahovoutiun, aman, pan- iltlzam, sala-
yerashkhavo- hani, amnlat matutharoutiun
desnel ditin, chau khzele
pai kir
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 457
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
seek piitrrel taftish kir, mputishle
pe garrian
seize prrnel girtin erele
self
458 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
sextant
shade {n.)
shake
shallow
shame (n.)
shave {v.)
sheepsheet (bed)
Arabic.
sextant
Persian,
u^turlab
Turkish.
sextant
dhul. fe sayeh giilge, sayeharrak, ynhar- takan dadan, sarsmaq, salla-
rik or nafadh, deh
yanfudhgesh, (moi) payabqalil
'aib sharm
zeyyin, yuzey- tirashidan,
yin tirash
ghanam gusfandcharchaf chadar
maq
sigh
hijab, ayib
trash etmek
qoyuncharshaf
sheet (of paper)warqah varaqshell (n.) guUeh {fl. gulel) khumpareh
shell {v.]
shipshirt
shoal
tabaqamermi, qiim-bara
dharab bi-top, khumpareh an- qumbarayadhrab bi- dakhtan, an- atmaqtop dazmarkab kashti, jahaz sefine, gemiqami§ ;
thob pirahan gomlek(outer shirt)
shelhah dasta sigh yer, sighliq
shoe {n.) qandarah, . kafsh, pineh papush, qun-papush dura
shoe {v.) na'*al, yuna"il na'l band kar- na'alamaqdan, kun
shoot rama, yarmi gululeh an- tufenk atmaqor dharab bi dakhtan, an-
ra§a§, yadhrab daz or tir an-
dakhtan,andaz
shop dukkan {fl. dukkan diikyan
dukakin)shore sahil kinar, sahil sahil, sii kenari
short
shot (act)
shot (bullets)shoulder
shout (v.)
shovel (n.)show {v.)
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 461
Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
garj kurt keryaharvadz, sachma, risas gunbilta, sach-
kndag ma
ous, thigounk mil, pil rusha
kochel, tsayn dang or hawar m'uyitle,dal kir, kalin §rekhle
thiag paru, hestiv roshta, marra
tsuyts dal nishan da mukhzele,mukhwele
shrapnel shrapnel
(pegorq bay-thogh kndagi)
shrine khoran
shut {see close) kotsel, pagel
sick hivant
sickle mankagh
side goghmsiege basharoumnsieve magh
sight (of gun) nshanatsuyts
(hratsani)
signal nshan, aztan-
shan
silent, to be Irrel, lourr
nmal
mazar,. ziaiat ziarat
bestin, kuch- ghleqleandin
nasakh, nakh- kriha, nakh-wosh wosh
dasik, manjal, maglaturdas,dasiila
teref, janib janib, dipnahisar hisar
bezhing, helik, sarida
tiilak, pala
nishangah sipa nishangah
nishan nishan
dav girt, be- shtiqle
dang bii
silting
silver (adj.)silver {n.)
dghmalits
ardzathia
ardzath
gilband
ziv, ziw
skara
sema
466 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
soon
sooner
sortie {n.)
sound {adj.)
sound (noise)
sounding(water)
soupsour
sour milk
southsouthernsouth wind
sow [v.)
Arabic.
*an qarib, fi
awwal waqt,bil-'ajel
gab]
Persian.
zud
zuttar
khuruj, huj- hamla-yemah khurujsahih salim
saut(2}/.aswat), §adahiss
ghumq el-moi miqyas
shorbahhamidhleben
jinub
jinubi
shergi
zara', yizra*
ab-i-gushtturush
mast
janubjanubibad-e janiib
kashtan
Turkish.
chabuk, tez
daha chabuq,daha erken
khuruj, hujum
sagh, saghlamses
isqandil etmesi
chorba •
ekshi
yoghurtjenub, qibla
jeniibi
jenubdan esen
ruzkiar
ekmek
spade
spark
sparrow
speak
spear {n.)
specially
specie
spectacles
speed
misha, mihfar
shararah
*
asfur [fl.'
asa-
fir)
haka yahki or
tekellam,
yetekellamramh {pi. ar-
mah)khasusanmakhsus
nuqiid
mandharat
sur'ah, 'ajalah
b!l
akhgar,sharareh
kunjishk
naiza
khususan
naqd
ainak
sur'at
bel, kiirek
qighiljim,sherare
serche
guftan, giii soilemek
gharghi, mizraq
bashlija
naqd, meskiukiat
gozlik
siir'at
468 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
spend
spirits
Arabic. Persian.
?araf, yasrif ; sarf kardan
enfeq, yunfiq
araq
spoon khashugalspring (season) rabi'
spring (of *ain moi
water)
spur shabiir
spy (w.) jasus
squadron firqah
nautical)
squall (wind) dbarbah
square {adj.) murabba'
araq
qasbuqbaharcbashmeh
niihmJz
jasus
Turkish.
sarf etmek,
kharj etmek
raqi
qashiqilk bahar
punar, cheshme
mahmuzjasus
daste-yi-kasb- donanma, filo
tiha-yi-jangi
stable tolah
bad-i-tund
murabba'
tawlleh
bora
dort kiisheli
akburstaff (of army, arkan el-harb sar-kardagan- erkian-i-harb
n,) e qushunstagnant (of khayis, wagif istada
water)
staircase
stalks (ofmillet or
maize)stallion
derej
saq
nardban,
palletshakheb
fahl {pl.iuhvd) asp-i-nar
pill tambrstamp(postage, n.)
stand(t;.) wagaf,yogaf or istadan, ist
qam, yaqumstar nejmah {fl. sitareh
nujum)starboard yamin rast
hard a-star- tammamboard lil-yamm
durghun, aq-maz
merdiven
saplar
aighir, at
pul
ayaqda dur-
maq, dikilmek
yildiz
sanjaq jiheti,
sanjaq tarafi
alabanda yali
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 469
English.
spend
spirits
Armenian.
dzakhsel
Kurdish.
kharj kirin
'araq
Syriac.
kharij
'araq
kauchik, liask matamtabahar baharkani 'aina
sqata
jasusa
vokelits umpe-liq, oghi
spoon ktal
spring (season) karoun
spring (of agbpiurwater)
spur kbtban, mtrag pishin
spy {n.) Irdes jasus
squadron koumardag ;
(nautical) dormigh (of
battleships)
squall (wind) jich, aghaghag, ba mazin
potorig
square {adj.) qarragousi cbargoh, mu- murabba'rabba*
stable akhorr, kom paga, akhur bikare
stafT (of army, arkane harb
n.)
stagnant (of Ijatsadz (chour) be-harakat,
karapech
water)
470 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
starvatioD (n.) ju' ; mot ju' gurusnagi ajliq
hal {fl. ahwal)
mahattah
baq, yabuq
bukhar, isbtim
markab bu-
khar,bakhirali
fuladh
min fuladh
steering-gear alat el-idarah
steersman sukkanchistem (of ship) §adr el-
markab
state (condi-
tion)station (rail-
way)
steal
steam
steamer
hal
mahattah
duzdidan,duzdbukhar
kashti-yi-bu-khari
steel (n.)
steel {adj.)
akhir
el-markabkhadim
*a§a, 'iidah
ila '1-an
rikab
stern
steward
stick (n.)
still (of
time)
stirrupsstock (of a gun) qundaq(j9?.qa-
nadiq)stoker nari,
waqqadstomach batn, ma*dah
«tone hajar (pi. hijar)
stony liajari
stop (intrans.) wagaf, yogaf
piilad
puladi
dumandu
pishi-yi-jahaz
pusht-i-jahaz
chub-i-dasti
hanuz, ta bi-
hal
rikab
kundeh
atashi
shikam, mi'da
sang-saristadan, ist
hal
mahatta (in
Syria), iskele,
istasion
chalmaq
bughu, bukhar
vapor
chelik
chelik
dumen-aleti
dumenjigeminin bashi
geminin qichi
qamarot
deinek, sopadaha, henoz
iizengi
qundaq
vaporunateshjisi
qarin, mi'de
tash
tashli
durmaq
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 471
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
starvation {n.) ansvagoiitiim, birsiti, birchi, kipnaanotoutenne zhbirsa mi-
merrnil
state (condi- vijag
tion)station (rail- gayan, gaya-
ran
koghnal
shoki
shokenav
steal
steam
steamer
rine, giranihal
dizin
bukhar
tial
gniile
bukhar, liau-
hara
steel {n.)
steel {adj.)
steering-gear
steersmanstem (of ship)
stern
steward
stick (n.)
still {adv.)
boghbad piila
boghbadiasharzhich
kortziq, aniv
ghegavarich dumanchi
klkhadzayr(navi)
verchadzayr(navi)
dndes,sbasavor
(navi)kavazan
dagavin
khadim, khiz-
matkar
dar, gopalhatta nuha
stirrups asbantagstock (of a gun) goth (hratsani)
stoker
stomach
navi-gragarar
porr, stamox
stone qar
stony qarodstop {intrans.) gank arrneJ
auzum, zengi
qundakh
zik, mada
bar
rawustan,sakinin
poladhmin poladh
dUmanchi
ghulama
qattahul daha
zangul
qiindakha
ma'dah, kasa,istiimka
kepamari kipi
klele, smikhle
472 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
stores
stork
storm
stormy-
story
stove
straight
strange
strap
strategy
strawstreamstreet
strength
stretcher
stretcher-
bearer
strike
strike camp
string
strong
stupid
subaltern
submarinesuccess
suddenly
sugar
Arabic.
arzaq, dha-
khayir, alwas
(grain)
legleg
dharbah
'ajaj
hikayah
sopa, bukhari
'adil, giibal
(straight on)
gharib, 'ajibser
fann el-harb
tibn
nahr, mejrashari', darb
quwah
sedyahshayyal
dharab,
yadhribqala' el-khi-
yam, yakhla'
el-khiyamkhait, siitli
qawithaqil, balid
mulazim
ghawwasahnajahdef'atan
baghtatansheker
Persian.
zakhlreh
Turkish.
tedariikyat,levazimat
laqlaq, laklak leylek, hajibaba
tufan
tufani
hikayat
bukhari
rast
gharibtasmehfann-i-muha-
rabehkah
jui
khiyabanzur
firtina
firtinali
hikyaye
soba
doghru
yabanji, gharib
qaish
sevq el-jeish
saman
chai, su
soqaqquvvet
takhtahamil-e takhta
zadan, zan
chadirha
kandan, kun
vurmaq
chadirleri
qaldirmaq
risman
qawina-dan
quvvetli
'aqlsiz,
shashqin
nayib mulazim
ghauwaseh tahtu'1-bahr
zafar muvafaqiyetnagah ap-ansiz, bir-
den-bire
qand, shakar sheker
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 473
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
stores mtherq zakhira, anbar zakhira, 'anbar
stork arakil laglag, hajji laglag
laglagstorm
474 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
sugar-cane
suitable
summersun
Sunday-sunrise
sunset
supper
supplies
surgeonsurrender
(trans.). See
also give in
survey (v.)
Arabic.
qasab esh-
sheker
muwafiq
shemsYom el-ahad
tulii' esli-
shems
ghuriib esh-
shems'asha
arzaq,muiiimmat
jarrahsellem, yusel-lim
Persian.
nai-shakar
munasib
tabistan
aftab
Turkish.
sheker qamishi
miinasib, laiq
yazgiinesh
Yekshambeh Bazar-gunutulu'-i-aftab giin doghusu
gburub-i-aftab ghurub, giinbatisi
sham
zakbireh
jarrah
sipurdan,
sipar
aqsham ta'ami
levazimat
jerrahteslim etmek
hendes, yuhen- misfihat kar- (araziyi) olch-
dis dan mek
surveyorsuspected
sweet
swelling (n.)
swim (v.)
switch (of rail-
way, n.)sword
syphilis
Syria
table
tactics
muhendismashbuh
hulu, *adhb
(of water)wurum
massahmazniin
shirin
amas
muhendis
shubheli,maznun
tatli
shish, shishlik
sebeh, yisbah shinawari kar- yiizmekdan, kun
maqass mil-e naqqala-ye rah-e ahan
sef {'pl. suyuf) shamshir qilij
frengi kuft frengi, efrenj
Esh-Sham,Suriyamezharakat
harbiyah
Sham Sham
miz trebeze, sofra
tadabir-i-har- ta'biye el-jeish
biyeh
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 476
English.
sugar-cane
suitable
summersun
Sundaysunrise
sunset
supper
supplies
Armenian.
shaqareghek
harmar
amarrarev
Giragiarevadzak
arevamoud
entriq
bashareghen
surgeon virapuyzlisurrender hantznel
{trans.). Seealso give in
survey (v.) kednachapel
surveyor
suspected
sweet
swelling {n.)
swnm (v.)
switcli (of rail-
way, n.)
sword
syphilis
Syria
table
tactics
yergrachapgasgadzeli
anoush
ourruytsk
loghal
jiugh, aqdzan
sour, tliour
fransagan akhd
S3rria
seghanrrazmakhagh,tactis
Kurdish.
munasib, leha-
tin
havin
tav, tauYeksbambrubalat, su-
bahi
kbwatawa,
ghurubshiv, cliaish-
tashavzakhira
jarrah, hakimteslim kir
masahat or
handasatkirin
muhandis
bshubha,
bgumanshirin
ba girtine,
panamianimalavan bii
Syriac
munasib, laiq
qaitashemshaKhaushaba
isaqa d-yauma
gnaya d-yauma
kharamsha
zakhira
jarral;!, hakimmsulemle
makhi-tanap
tanapchikhii shubha
haluya
zirta
skhele
shir saipa
farangi, marazkhabis
Sham Suriya, Sham
mez, sifra mez, sifra
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 477
English. Armenian. Kurdish. Syriac.
tail aki,'
boch '
duv, dunk, tiipra
dulik, boch
tailor (n.) tertzag derzi derzi
take arrnel, vertsnel helgirtin, shqille
birin, standin
talk {v.) zroutsel, gotin, akhav- muhkelekhosel tin
tall
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 479
English.
tenant (n.)
tent
tent-peg
tent-rope
thanthank
that {conj.)that (pron.)
thaw (n.)
thee
their
theirs
them
then (at that
time)then (after
that)thence
there
there is
Armenian.
vartsagalvran
vranatsits,vrani tsits
vrani lar
qanshnorhagallinel
the, zi, vor
at, ayt, ayn
tsoghkez, skez
Kurdish.
kirchi, kirikir
mal, kun, cha-
dir
senk, mikh
bang, rist
zh . . . la , .
shiker kir
ki
av, an
av buyanta, tii
anonts -wan, awananontsn yawanzanonq (accws.) -wananonts (dat.)
an-aden avjar, wejare
aba, hedo
andi, ande- zhwedare,
ghen zhera
ayn-degh, ant audare, aora
ga haya
thermometer chermachap
these {pron.)
theythick
thief
thimblethin
thine
asonqanonqtantzr, khid
kogh, avazag
madnots
nosr, barag
qougt
van, amanvan, awanustur, tir
(of liquid)diz
kishtabani
zrava, larr
yata, maleta
Syriac.
ijaradar
kwina, chader
stunta
khaula de-
kwinaminshkere, tanenminta
d-
awa, 6
pishrana
-6kh(yem.-akh)
-waihi
diyaihi-naihi
ai gah
bar
min tama
tamaTth
ghaliz, qishya(of liquid)
ganawa
kishtabani
naqidha, ra-
qlqa
dyokh
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 481
English.
thingthink
thirst {v.)
thirstythis
thither
thorn
camel-thorn
those {fron.)
Armenian,
pan, ir
mdadzel,khorhel
dzaravil
dzaravi
ays
Kurdish,
tishtak
fakkirin
tihna or tl,
bu
tina, tl
av, ama
Syriac,
mindimtukhminne
shele
§ehyaadhi, aha
on antr, hon lawedare tama
poush derrik, duiru, kitwakhar
derrik, duiru, kitwa d-giimh^khar
adonq, anonq van anai
thou
thread
threaten
threshing
throat
through
thunder
Thursday
thy
tick (insect)
tou
the], tertzan
sbarrnal
gamnel, tsoren
dzedzel
gogort
meg goghmenmiuse, me-
chen, michot-sav
vorodoumn
Hinkshapti
qou
tziasdats
(michad),
gene, gana
tu ayet, ate
risi, dezhi, gdhadhamachir
tahdid kir ewedhle tahdid
malish kirine,la bidar avi-
tin, daq kirino
giirl, gilii, qur- qdhalarig
liniv, zhniv m-go
dandar, dangi gargimmaasman, hau
rataqa
Penjshamb Khamshau-shaba
nil
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 48-
English.
tongue
to-night
tonnage
too (also)tool
tooth
toothache
top-boot
torpedo (n.)
Armenian.
lezou
ays kisher
daroghoutiun(navi)
nuynbeskortziqadam
adamnatsav
yergan goshig
torpedo
Kurdish. Syriac.
azman, zwan lishana
av shava, am idlaile
shau
zhi, z!, hamalat
dudan
darde dudan
hamalitta
kaka
mar'a d-kakachekme
touch (v.) shoshapel dast girtin gishle fa-
toughtow (v.)
towards
towel
tower
town
track
trade (com-merce, n.)
trader
train (railway,
n.)translate
translation
tpchil
gardzr, bind
navaqarshel
tebi
srpich,
yeressrpich
ashdarag,amrots
qaghaq
hedqvajaraganou-tiun
khanoutban
shokegarq
tarkmanel
tarkmanou-tiun
sart sart, qeshyagami kishan- garishdin or darinan
tarafe 1-balad, 1-
kafiya, khaoli kaffiya
burj burja
shahr, bazhar mdhita
daus daus
tijarat, bazir- tajirutha
gamtajir, bazirgan tajir
train, papor mashina
tarjamat kir mturjimle
tarjamah tarjamah
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 487
English.
transport {v.
travel {v.)
traveller
treacherous
treaty
tree
trench
tribe
Armenian.
)ourish deghdanil
jamportel
jamport
nengavor
Kurdish. ISynac.
naql kirin, labil
haml kirin,
birrin
safar kirin, *awid sapar
garrianinrem, rewanchi, urkbachirebuar
ghaddar, kbain ghaddar, khainsharat naniatashnakroutiun
' ahd
dzarr dar ilana
khram khandaq
tsegh, dohm *ashiret, mal 'ashirah
tributary" (of hargadou ked
stream)
trigger
trot {v.)
trouble (n.)
trough (of
water, w.)
tzkan
suyr, yerakn-thats
vishd, hok,
neghoutiun
gour, ourt
rubar
paya, chaq-maq
luk lok cho
zamat, peri-
shani, tikil,
khuduk
sangav
trousers (Euro- antravardiq,
pean)(Oriental)
truce
truck
true
'
pantalon'
vardiq
zinatatar
pats perrna-
garrg, sayl
irav, jshmarid,
oughigh
hacha
uqlad-topang
mluqliqle
zahmat
'agana
pantulpantaluD,shall
darpe, shall, shalwar
peshmahavaliye ithaya li-khdha
dh6
rast, drest, haq, sarast-
sarast trusa
488 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian, Turkish,
try jarrab, yujar- kiishidan, clialishmaqrib kush (endeavour) ;
tejribe etmek
(experiment)
Tuesday
490 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
unexpected mu muntazar nagahan umulmamish
uniform
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 491
English.
unexpected
uniform
(soldier's)
unjust
unkind
unload
Armenian.
ansbaseli
hamazkesd
anartar
Kurdish.
lanishkiwa,
zhghafle
Jul, kenj
Syriac.
d-la idhatha or
intizar ghafla-tan
julle
zalim, be-insaf, zalim, be-insaf
bedad
ankout, dmarti, berahmat, be- bi rakhmi
gosht muruwat
(pere)barbel bar dainan mrape tana
unlucky anpaklit
unpleasant anhajo,
unripe dhas, khag
unsafe
unsbod
anabahov
anbavd
berisq, be-
bakhtnakhwosh
na-chebia, na-
gehla. na-
gaishti'
be-aman,mukhtir,daraki
pai-rut, pai-
tazi, pai-
khaos, pai-luit
unsuitable anharmar
untrue anjist
up (of motion) ver
upon vra
urgent garevor, sdi-
boghaganurine mez, sherr
us mez {dat.)
smez {accus.]
use(v.) kordzadzel
arast,
nadrest
zhor, bar, hal l-'ulul
d-la risq
nakhwosh, d-la
lutf
kal
na-salamat
d-la soli
lak-layeq, la
munasib
daggala, diigla
lazim, wajib
miz, mis-ma (suffix)
isti'mal kir
*al
lazim, band
juri, tine /
-an [suffix)
mustu'mille
mpalikh
GLOSSARIES OF WORDS 493
English. Amienian, Kurdish. Syriac.
useful okdagar mufid, b'ish mari paida
useless anokoud namufid, beish d-la manfa'ah
usually sovorapar *adatan 'adatan
vain zour, vochinch, batil, be-fa'ida batilabarab
vain, in
valleyvaluable
vanguard
veal
vegetablesveil (for
women, n.)
vengeanceverandah
verbally
vermin
very
victory
victuals
view {v.)
village
vine (grape, n
1 zour
hovid
knahadeli
arracbabahq
horti mis
ganacheghendzadzgots
vrezh
jemelik
pernatsi
karshadjdji
shad, huyzhhaghtoutiun
baren, bashar
yerevoyt, de-
saran
kiugh, shen (of
huts) avan
.)vort
*abathan, ma-nasiz
dol, nuhal
thamin, bahali
paishe 'askare
goshte guerikor gah
zarzawatizar
tol, intiqamdiwan, qirish
daviidav,zhdav
kirm, kurum
galak, perbezand, ber,
ghalabazakhira,khwarin
manzar, chav-
bina!
'abath, b-gobatiliitha
wadT, ra'ola
mari tima
bisra d-sharkha
zarzawat
chudra, cher-
showitol
ewan
b-kemma
righja
raba
ghalaba
zakhira. ikhala
khzeta
gund, gundik, mataavahi (of
huts) ; dikayaraz, daritiri, gipta
494 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
violent shadid, kharij sakht, tund eliiddetli
visit (m.) ziyarah ziyarat ziyaretvisit [v.) zar, yaziir ziyarat kar- ziyaret etmek
dan, kunvisitor khattar (6-.
and meliman musafir
pl.)
voice sawt (y?L a§wat) awaz ses
volley (n.) ramyah slialik yayilimvolunteer mutatawwa* dau-talab gunuUii *asker
(soldier, n.)
voyage seferel-bahr safar-i-darya denizseferi
wade
496 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English. Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
warn khattar, yu- agahi dadan, ikhtar etmek,khattir deh khabervermek
wash {trans.) ghassal, yu- shustan, shui yiqamaqghassil
wash oneself ightasal, khudra yiqanmaqyaghtasil shustan, shui
wasp zambur {pi. zambur or eshek arisi
zanabir) zambur-e kharwaste {trans.) dhayya', zayi' kardan, israf etmek
yudhayyi' or kunetlef
, yuthf
lay waste {v.) kharrab, yuk- kharab kardan kharab etmekharrib
,
watch {v.) haras, yahrus nigah dashtan, gozlemek,or natar, dar bekjilik etmek
yanturwatch (n.) sa'ah sa'at sa*at
watch (on ship) naubah naubat varda
watchman nobachi didaban otji, bekji
water moiwater-bottle matriyah
(military)water-carrier saqqawater-closet edebkhanahwater-skin garbah
ab
shishe-yi-ab
saqqakhala
mashk
dulabwater-wheel na'ur
(for irrigation)wave (w.) moj (pL am- mauj
waj)we ehna or ihna maweak dha'if za*if
su
mastara
saqqa, su]iabdest-khanesu tulumu
dolab
dalgha
wealthy
biz
quvvetsizza^if
zengln ; ghani daulatmand zengin. parali
{pi. aghniya) or mutamarvil
500 GLOSSARIES OF WORDS
English.
whether . .
which ?
whip {n.)
whirlpool
whitewhither
who, whichwho ?
whole {adj\)
whose ?
whywicked
widewidow
wife
wild
willing
win
wind (n.)
wind {v.)
window
windy
wine
Arabic. Persian. Turkish.
or idha ... yo or khah . . . khah ya . . . yakhodau
e, ya ; yahii ? kudam ?
(without noun)
taziyaneh,
shallaq
qamchi
khora girdab
hangi ?
qamchi
girdab
abyadh safid beyaz, aqli-wen bi kuja nereyeelledhi, elli keh ki
men ? keh ? kim ?
tammam, kull salim, tamam bitiin, hepisi
(all)
mal men ? mal-e ki ? kimin ?
lesh chira nichun
sharir, shetan sharir fena
*aridh pahn genisharmalah (pi. biveh-zan dul
aramil)
zojah ; harmah zan, zanjeh qari, harem
(Arab)wahshi ; barri biyabam, yaban(of fruit) wahshiradhi razi gUniillii
ghalab, yagh- ghalib shudan, qazanmaqlib (over- shau
come); hassal,
yuhassil (gain)hawa bad riizg}^ar
dawwar, yu- pichidan, pich, qiirmaqkfik kardan,kun (a watch)
daricheh, penjere
rauzanbadi riizkiarli, yelli
dawwir
shubbak
bi-hawa
sharab khamr, mai sherab
English.
whether . .
which ?
whip (n.)
whirlpool
white
whither
who, whichwho ?
whole [adj.)
whose ?
why-wicked
widewidow
wife
wild.
willing
win
GLOSSARIES
Armenian.
or artioq
vore ?
kharazan
hortzanq,chrerou bdoydsbidagour
ov, vor
ov?
polor, ampoghj
voroun ?
inchouchar
layn
ayri gin, ayri
gin
vayreni
hozharagam
haghtel
OF WORDS 501
Kurdish. Syriac.
yan . . . yan
chi, kizhan ? eni ?
qamchi qamchi
garr, garrav girdab
spi, boz khwarala'arde ki laika d-
ki d- {prefix)
ki ? man! ?
sakhlam, salim saghlam, salim
ya ki ? d-mani ?
bochi, chira qamudibizha, gunah- bisha
kar, mufsid
pehn, ferrah pethya, wasi*
zhinabi, bemer armiltha
zhin bakhta
kuvi, daba barbraya
muti*, dvet muti*, kba'e,kibe
ghalib bu, ghliblebirrin
wind (n.)
wind {v.)
window
windy
wine
qamivolorel,
bdoudagel
badouhan,lousamoud
hoghmalits,
qamiodkini
ba, wa
pichandin,
pichin
shabbaka,
penjara
paukhamukhdhere
shabbaka
mai, sharab khamra
604 GLOSSARIES OF AVORDS
English, Arabic.
worth (be) sawa, yiswa
wound (n.) jurh {^pl. juruh)wound-dresser rabbat juruh
Persian. Turkish.
arzidan, arz qimeti (its
worth is ,
wound (v.) jarrah, yujarrih zakhmkardan, yaralamaqkunzakhm yaramarham guzar timarji
wounded majruh
wreck [n.) markab mad-
miir, hatamwreckage damar
wrist {n.)
write
I write
thou writest
he writes
we write
you write
they write
I shall write
khusr
keteb, yiktub
iktub
tiktub
yiktubniktub
tiktubun
yiktubuniktub
thou wilt
write
he will write
tiktub
yiktub
we shall write niktub
vou will write tiktubun
they will
write
I Vrotethou wrotest
he wroteshe wrote
yiktubiin
ana ketebet
inta ketebet
hiia keteb
hiya ketebet
yaralanmish
gharq
zakhmkhurdeh
kashti-yi-shikasteh
khurdaha-yi- qirinti,kashti kharabemuch bilek
navishtan,navis
ml-navisammi-navisi
mi-ravjsadmi-navisimmi-navlsid
mi-navisandkhahamnavisht
khahinavisht
khahadnavisht
khahimnavisht
khahidnavisht
khahandnavisht
navishtamnavishti
navisht
navisht
yazmaq
yazarimyazarsin
yazar
yazariz
yazarsiniz
yazarlar
yazajaghm
yazajaqsin
yazajaq
yazajaghiz
yazajaqsiniz
yazajaqlar
yazdimyazdin
yazdi
yazdi
NUMERALS 513
English.
1,121
2,000
3,000
10,000
100,000
4
Armenian.
hazar hariur
qsanmeg
Kurdish.
hazar usadubist uyak
dasn hazar
hariur hazar
ges
J qarrortboth (of them) yergoqian,
yergouqn al
first arrachin
second
thirdyergrort
yerrort
dah hazar
sad hazar
niv
rub*, char ekhar du
Syriac.
alpa uemmawisri ukha
yergou hazar du hazar trai alpe
'isra alpeemma alpe
pelga, palga
rubi', arba* khaterwaihi
auwal, peshin qamaya
duwi, duwansell, siyan
di-trai
di-tlatha
K k
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 515
Gome up !
Arabic.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.
Kurd.
Syriac.
Utla'.
Bi-ya (Come on!); Barkhiz (Rise up !).
Yuqariya gel !
Ver yeg (sing.), ver yegeq{flur^ !
Wara hera !
Hayy5 lakha !
Go down !
Arabic. Inzil {pi. Inzilu) !
Persian. Bi-rau pa'in !
Turkish. Ashagha git !
Arm. Var kna {sing.), var
knatseq {pi.) !
Kurd. Harra kliware !
Syriac. Nkhotli !
Turn to the right (left).
Arabic. Ilfet *ala yaminek ('ala
shimalek).Persian. Bi-taraf-i-rast (chap) bi-
rau.
Turkish Sagha don, sola don.Arm. Ach tartzeq (tzakh tart-
zeq).Kurd. Bezeverra larast (lachap).
Syriac. Dor 1-yamne (1-chappe)
Wait for me
516 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
How far is it ?
Arabic. Shqad ba'id ?
Persian. Chi-qadar rah-ast ?
Turkish. Ne qadar uzaq dir ?
Arm. Vorqan herrou e ?
Kurd. Chand haya la ?
Syriac. Kmail^ rahuqa ?
It is not far !
Arabic. Mu ba*id !
Persian. Dur nist !
Turkish. Uzaq deyil !
Arm. Herrou che !
Kurd. Na dura !
Syriac. Laile rahuqa !
Two hours* distance.
Arabic. Masafat sa*aten.
Persian. Bi masafe-yi-du sa'at, or
Du sa'at rah.
Turkish. Iki sa'atliq vol.
Arm. Yergou zhamva jampa.Kurd. Ria du sa'at.
Syriac, Urkhad tette sa'e.
When will he come ?
Arabic. Yimta yiji ?
Persian. Kai mi-ayad ?
Turkish. Ne zeman gelejek ?
Arm. Yerp bidi ka ?
Kurd. Kange de'et ?
Syriac. Iman bed'athe ?
At what o'clock ?
Arabic. Ai sa'ah ?
Persian. Chi waqt ?
Turkish. Sa'at qachda ?
Arm. Vor zhamin ? zham
qaniin ?
Kurd. Chi sa'at ?
hyriac. B-aima sa'ah ?
At six o'clock.
Arabic. Es-sa'ah sittah
Persian. Bi-sa'at-i-shish.
Turkish. Sa'at altida.
Arm. Zham vetsin.
Kurd. Bisa'at shash.
Syriac. Sa'ah b'eshshet.
In the morning.
518 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
3. The Road
Where does this road go ?
Arabic. Ed-darb hadha yuwaddili-wen.
Persian. In rah kuja mi-ravad ?
Turkish. Bu yol nereye gider ?
Arm. Our g'erta ays janpan ?
Kurd. Av ria kudare tchet ?
Syriac, Laika kiza adh urkha ?
Does this road lead to — ?
Arabic. Hed-darb bewaddi li— ?
Persian. In rah bi — mi-ravad ?
Turkish. Bu yol— e gider-mi ?
Ann. Ays jampan artioq
g'erta— ?
Kurd. Av ria tchet la— ?
Syriac. Gallo kiza adh urkha 1— ?
Which road leads to — ?
Arabic. Ya darb bewaddi li— ?
Persian. Kudam rah bi — mi-
ravad ?
Turkish. — e hangi yoldan gitmeli ?
Arm. Vor janpan g'erta— ?
Kurd. Chi ria tchet la — ?
Syriac. Aima iirkha kiza 1— ?
Which is the shortest way ?
Arabic. Ya darb agrab ?
Persian. Kudam rah nazdik-tar
ast ?
Turkish. ]6n qissa yol hangisi dir ?
Arm. Vorn e amenagarj jam-pan ?
Kurd. Chi rre neziktera ?
Syriac. Aimaila urkha besh kii-
tha?
Is it safe on the road ?
Arabic. Et-tariq amin ?
Persian. Dar in rah amniyat as
Turkish. Yol qorqusuzmu dur ?
Arm. Jampan artioq abahove?
Kurd. Av re amina ?
Syriac. Gallo urkha aminila ?
How many hours is it to — ?
Arabic. Kam sa'ah ila— ?
Persian. Chand sa'at-ast bi— ?
Turkish. — e qach sa'atleq yvar ?
Arm. Qani zham e minchev—Kurd. Chand sa'at haya la —Syriac. Kma sa'e ith ta— ?
Take me to —.
Arabic. Waddi-ni ila— .
Persian. Mara bi — bi bar.
Turkish. Beni — e gotiir.
Arm. Dareq intz minchev —Kurd. Nishamin bede la— .
Syriac. Naubelli 1—.
Where is there drinking water on this roa(
Arabic. Wen el-moi lish-sherb
hadha 't-tariq ?
Persian. Dar in rah ab-i-khu
dani kujast ?
Turkish. Bu yol-da ichilej^k i
nerede dir ?
Arm. Our khmelou chour{
ays janpou vra ?
Kurd. Kane ave vakhwareibvi ria ?
Syriac. Aikailai maya de-shta^b-adh urkha ?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 519
Is it a camel road ?
Arabic. Et-tariq muwafiq lij-
jimal ?
Persian. Rah-i-shutur ast ?
Turkish. Deve yolu-mi dir ?
Arm. Oiighdi jampa e artiog ?
Kurd. Av ria bo heshter basha ?
„ Syriac Kkhaskha adh urkba ta
I gumle ?
Is it only a mule road ?
- Arabic. Hua faqat lil-baghaL?Persian. Faqat az barayi qatirba
khubast ?
Turkish. Yaliniz qatir yolu-mi dir ?
Arm. Miayn chorii jampa e
artioq ?
Kurd. Av ria bas bo besterana ?
Syriac. Gallo urkba d-kawedhnelaubass ?
Is it only fit for men on foot ?
Arabic. Hua faqat muwafiq lil-
mesbi ?
Persian. Faqat az barayi piya-
dagan khubast ?
Turkish. Yaliniz yayan giden-lere eyi-mi dir ?
Ar7n. Mithe miayn liediodn
martots harmar e ?
Kurd. Av re bas paya ra ?
Syriac. Gallo bas kkhashkha ta
nashe rakhasbe ?
4. A Village or TownWhat is this place called ?
Arabic. Shismii hadha'l-makan ?
Persian. Bi inja chi mi-guyand ?
or Inja chi nam darad ?
Turkish. Bvl yerin ismi ne dir ?
Arm. Inchbes g'gochvi ays
deghn ?
Kurd. Nave av *ard cbia ?
Syriac. Mile shimma d-adh duk-tha?
Where is the post ?
Arabic. Wen el-postakhanah ?
Persian. Post khaneh kujast ?
Turkish. Postakhane nerede dir ?
Arm. Our e namagadounn ?
Kurd. Postakbanah laku da-
reya ?
Syriac. Aikaila postakbanah ?
How many houses in this village ?
Arabic. Kam bet fil-beled ?
Persian. Dar in deh chand khanehdarad ?
Bu koide qach ev var ?
Qani doun ga ays kiughinmech ?
Chand mal haya lavi
gund ?
K-ma bate ith b-adh ma-tha?
Turkish.
Arm.
Kurd.
Show me the telegraph office.
Arabic. Dull-ni 'ala 't-telegraf-khanah.
Persian. Teleghraf-khane-rabi-man nishan bi-dihid.
Turkish. Bana teleghraf-khaneyi
goster.Arm. Our e herrakradounn.Kurd. Teleghraf khanah nisha-
min beda.
Syriac. Makhzeli teleghraf khana.
520 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Is there a telephone ofiQce here ?
Arabic. Aku mahall talfun hina ?
Persian. Inja telefun darad ?
Turkish. Burda telefon merkezi
var mi ?
Arm. Hos herratzayn gaartioq?
Kurd. Telefon khanah lahara
_ haya V
Syriac. Ith akha dukthat tele-
fon ?
Where is the inn ?
Arabic. Wen el-Khan ?
Persian. Khan (karwansarai,
chaparkhaneh) kujast?Turkish. Khan nerede dir ?
Arm. Our e otevann ?
Kurd. Khan lakudareya ?
Syriac. Aikaila khan ?
We are going to stay the night here.
Arabic. Inbat el-lelah hina.
Persian. Imshab Inja mi-manim.Turkish. Biz geje burda dura-
jayiz.Arm. Kishern hos bidi mnanq.Kurd. Av shav am lahera debim.
Syriac. Bdamkhokh akha idlaile.
5. At a River
What is this river called ?
Arabic. Shism hel-shatt ?
Persian. In rud-khaneh chi namdarad ?
Turkish. Bu irmaghen ismi nedir?
Arm. Inchbes g'gochvi ayskedn ?
Kurd. Nave av av chia ?
Syriac. Mile shimma d-adhnehra ?
How deep is the river?
Arabic. Shqad ghumq esh-shatt ?
Persian. Rud-khane^ chi-qadar'amiq-ast ?
Turkish. Sii ne qadar derin dir ?
Arm. Vorchapkhore ays kedn?Kurd. Vi av chand kiira or
'amiqa.
Syriac. Kmaile 'amuqa adhnehra ?
Where is the nearest bridge?
Arabic. Wen agrab jisr ?
Persian. Kudam pul nazdiktar-
ast?
Turkish, fin vaqen koprii nerededir"?
Arm. Our e amenamod gam-ourchf ?
Kurd. Nezikter prr laku da-
reya ?
Syriac. Aikaile gishra au bish
qariwa ?
Take me there.
Arabic. Waddi-m li-hinak.
Persian. Mara anja bi-bar.
Turkish. Beni oraya gotiir.Arm. Hon dareq zis..
Kurd. La au dare nishaminbeda.
Syriac, Naubelli 1-tama.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 521
Show me the nearest ferry.
Arabic. Wen agrab mu'eber.
Persian. Guzar-gahi ki nazdiktar
bashad bi-man nishan
bi-dih.
Turkish. Bana en yaqin gechid-
yerini goster.Arm. Tsuyts dveq intz amen-
amod kedantsn.
Kurd. 'Arde nezikter bo darbaz
nishamin beda.
Syriac. Aikaila duktha de-psa'aai besh qaruta.
Get hold of a
Arabic.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.Kurd.
Syriac.
boat (canoe).
Jib-li bell6m.Kasbti paida kun.Bir qayiq bul.
Mi navag kdeq.Garni paida beka.
Khzi kha qayegh.
Is there a raft here?
Arabic. Aku kelek hina ?
Persian. Kalak inja paida mi-
shavad ?
Turkish. Burda sal var mi ?
Arm. Hos lasd ga artioq ?
Kurd. Kalak lahera haya ?
Syriac. Gallo ith kalak akha ?
Is the current strong ?
Arabic. El-moi terkodh qawi ?
Persian. Ab tund mi-ravad ?
Turkish. Aqinti choq var mi ?
Arm. Mithe hosanqn zoravor e?
Kurd. Av zakhma ?
Syriac. Gallo maya zarbanelai ?
Where is the easiest place to swim across?
Arabic. Wen es-bal makan lis-
sabahah.
Persian. Kuja mi-tawanam bi-
asani bi-shinavari bi-
guzaram ?
Turkish. bir tarafa yiizerek
gitmek ichin en qolai
yer nerede dir ?
Arm. Our e amenalieshd vayrn
loghalou antin ?
Kurd. Chi 'aid asantira ta ambmalavanye darbaz kin ?
Syriac. Aimaila duktha ai besh
sanahi tad sakhokh upa-sokh ?
Take us across.
Arabic. .Qatti'ena.Persian. Mara bi-an taraf bi-barid.
Turkish. Bizi qarshiya gechir.Arm. Antin dareq mez.
Kurd. Ma darbaz bika.
Syriac. Mapsilan.
You will be rewarded.
Arabic. Minkefik.
Persian. In'am khahim dad.
Turkish. Bakhshish vei^jeyiz.Arm. G'vartzadrenq tzez.
Kurd. Ame teshtak din ta.
Syriac. Bed yawekhlokh khamindi.
You must go in front of me.
Arabic. Lazim temshi guddami.Persian. Bayad jilau-i-man bi-
ravid.
Turkish. Ileri gitmelisin.Arm. Arrcheves yertalou eq.Kurd. Lazima tu peshemin
deche.
Syriac. K-lazim d-zalokh qamayaminni.
522 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What lies on the other side ?
Arabic. Esh-fi *ala hedhak e§-
sob?Persian. Chi ja (place) or shahr
(city) dar an taraf ast ?
Turlcish. Ute tarafda ne var ?
Arm. Inch degh e timatsi
goghmn ?
Kurd. Lave tarafe chi haya ?
Syriac. Ma ith lau bala khinna ?
Is it far to the mouth ?
Arabic. Esh qadr li-sadr esi
shatt ?
Persian. Az inja ta anja ki dai
darya mi-rizad dur-asti
Turkish. Chai aghzi uzaq-mi dir ]
Arm. Kedaperann herrou e
artioq ?
Kurd. Zh-hara hatta vi av dchet
bahre dura ?
Syriac. Gallo rahuqtaila urkha
min akha hul d-'awii
adh nehra 1-yama ?
6. A Mountain or Hill
What is this big mountain called ?
Arabic. Shism 'I-jebel (el-kabir) ?
Persian. In kuh-i-buzurg chi mi-
guyand ?
Turkish. Bu biiyiik daghin ismi
ne dir ?
Inchbes g'gochvi aysmedz lerrn ?
Nave VI chia mazin chia ?
Mile shimma d-adh \Vit2i.
raba ?
Arm.
Kurd.
Syriac,
How high is the mountain ?
Arabic. Esh 'elu ej-jebel ?
Persian. In kuh chi-qadar bulandast?
Turkish Dagh ne qadar yiiksekdir?
Arm. Vorchap partzr e ayalerrn ?
Kurd. Vi chia chand bilinda ?
Syriac. Kmaile rama adh tura ?
What is the easiest way up the hill ?
Arabic. Ya darb as-hal lit-tell ?
Persian. Bi-kudam rah bi-asani
mi-tuwan bi-qulle-yi-ankuh rasid ?
Turkish. Yuqariya en qolai yoi
hangisi dir ?
Arm. Vorn e amenaheshd jam-
pan tebi plourn ?
Kurd. Chi re asantira lasare vi
chia?
Syriac. Aimaila urkha ai besh
sanahi tad asqokh 1-adh
•tura?
Is it very steep ?
Arabic. TaPet-hu qawiyeh ?
Persian. Khaili sar-a-balast ?
Turkish. Pek dik mi dir ?
Arm. Shad zarriver e artioq ?
Kurd. Galak zahmata ?
Syriac. Gallo kabira 'asqaile ?
n
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 623
Is it dangerous ?
Arabic. Hua mukhtir ?
Persian. Khatar-nak ast ?
Turkish. Qorqulu mu dir ?*
Arm. Vdankavor e artioq ?
Kurd, Khatar teda haya ?
Syriac. Gallo mar darak ile ?
Can one get up on horseback 9
Arabic. Mumkin el-wahid yutla'rakib ?
Suwar mi-shavad raft ?
At-ile chikila bilirmi ?
Tziov artioq gareli e ver
elnel ?
Am tkarin becHm lasar
beswari ?
Gallo iban asqokh b-raka-
wiitha ?
Persian.
Turkish .
Arm.
Kurd.
Syriac.
Can the guns be got up ?
Arabic. Mumkin e^-tawap tetla' ?
Persian. Tup-ha-ra mi-shavad
anja burd ?
Turkish. Toplar yuqariya cbikar-
ila bilirmi ?
Arm. Artioq gareli e tntanot-
nern ver hanel ?
Kurd. Am dikarin topa lasar
belinin ?
Syriac. Gallo iban d-masqokh to-
patha ?
Yes, but they cannot be got down on the
other side.
Arabic. Na'am, lakin miish mum-kin tanzU-hum min tarf
eth-tham.
Persian. Bali, amma az an taraf
nami - shavad pa'inavardan.
Turkish, ifiwet, amma ote tarafda
indirilcmez.
Arm. Ayo, payts che gareli
zanonq var ichetsnel
mius goghmn.Kurd. Hare, amma am nikarin
laav terefe wan lakh-
war bestinin.
Syriac. Na'm, ilia laiban d-man-khthukhlai man bala
kbenna.
Are there several ways down ?
Arabic. Aku jimlat nazlat ?
Persian. Aya, chand rah bi-pa'Indarad ?
Turkish. Ashaghiya bir qachyol var mi ?
Arm. Artioq shad jampane*gan tebi var ?
Kurd. Galak ria haya Ivere ?
Syriac. Gallo ith kabire urkhatha
linkhatha ?
Are there any robbers about ?
524: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
7. A Forest
How big is the forest ?
Arabic. Esh kubr el-ghab (ez-
zor) ?
Persian. In bisheh {or jangal) chi-
qadar buzurg-ast ?
Turkish. Orman ne qadar biiviik
dir?Arm. Andarrn vorchap medz
e?Kurd. Av ghabab chand mazina?
Syriac. Kmaila rabtba adh
ghaba ?
Eow wide is it ?
Arabic. Esb 'ardb-hu ?
Persian. Pahnash clii-qadar
buzurg-ast ?
Turkish. Ne qadar genish dir ?
Arm. Vorchap layn e ?
Kurd. Pehnewi {or ferrahewi)chanda ?
Syriac. Kmaila petbyutbab ?
Where does the road go through the forest ?
Arabic. Wen aku darb bil-gbab(biz-zor) ?
Persian. In rah ki az jangal mi-
guzarad kuja mi-ravad?Turkish. Bu orraandan gechen vol
nereye gider ?
Arm. Our g'erta jampan an-darri mecben ?
Kurd. Ee bvi gbabab laku dare-
ya?Syriac. Aikaila urkba b-adb gba-
ba?
Can mounted troops get through the forest ?
Arabic. Mumkin lil-khaiyalahta'bur el-gbab (ez-z6r) ?
Persian. Qushun-i-suwar mi-ta-
wanad az bisbeb bi-
guzarad ?
Turkish. Ormandan siivari geche-bilirmi ?
Arm. Hedzelazorq grna artioqantsnel andarri mechen?
Kurd. Dikarin suwari dechinniva vi gbabab ?
Syriac. Ibai rakawe pasi b-adb
ghaba ?
IYes, but I don't think one can get through
with the guns.
Arabic. Na'am, lakin ma azunnet tawap tafut.
Persian. Bali, amma guman nami-kunam ki tup bi-ravad.
Turkish, '^vvet, faqat zann etmemki top il6 gechiJebilir.
Ayo, payts chem gardzergareli e tntanotnerovantznel mechen.
Hare, amma topa nikarin
bechin.
Na'm, ilia la kzainin to-
patha ibai d'auri.
Arm.
Kurd.
Syriac.
I
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 525
8. Railway Station
Is it far to the railway ?
Arabic. Esh bu'ed es-sikkah ?
Persian. Aya, bi-rah-i-ahan dur-
ast ?
Turkish. Demir yoluna uzaq-midir?
Arm. Yergatoughin artioq her-
rou e ?
Kurd. Ria papore chand dura ?
Syriac. Kmaila rahuqta urkha
di-prizla ?
•
Only half an hour.
Arabic. Nuss sa'ah faqat.Persian. Nim sa'at rah-ast u bas.
Turkish. Salt yarim sa'at dir.
Arm. Miayn ges zham.Kurd. Niv sa'at ubas.
Syriac, Paige d-sa'ah bas.
When does the train arrive ?
Arabic. Yimta yosal el-qitar ?
Persian. Qitar kai mi-rasad ?
Turkish. Tren no zeman gelir ?
Arm. Yerp knatsqn g'hasni ?
Kurd. Ria papore kange deet ?
Syriac. Iman bed athya ma-skina ?
When does the train go to — ?
Arabic. Yimta yusafir el-qi^arila— ?
Persian. Qitar bi— kai mi-ravad ?
Turkish. Tren— e ne zeman
gider ?
Arm. Yerp knatsqn g'megni ?
Kurd. Papor kange dechet la— ?
Syriac. Iman bedzala mashina1— ?
Where is the next train eoming from ?
Arabic. Min en yaji el-qitareth-thani ?
Persian. Qitar az kuja mi-ayad ?
Turkish. bir tren neieden gelir ?
Arm. Oiisti gu'ka bachoit
knatsqn ?
Kurd. Papor zhku dare deet ?
Syriac. Min aika bed athya ma-shina ?
Stop the train.
Arabic. Waggif el-qitar.Persian. Qitar-ra istadeh kun.Turkish. Treni durdur.
Arm. Knatsqn getsoutseq.Kurd. Papor besakkina.
Syriac. Mahmella mashina.
Get me a porter.
Arabic. Jib-li hammal.Persian. Hammali paida kun.
Turkish. Bana bir hammal getir.Arm. Perrnagir jareq.Kurd. Hammalak bomin paida
beka.
Syriac. Maitheli kha hammala.
What is the fare ?
Arabic. Besh yiswa en-nol ?
Persian. Chand bayad bi-diham ?
Turkish. Yol parasi ne qadar dir ?
Ann. Vorqan e janabarha-dzakhqn ?
Kurd. Chand haq az bedem ?
Syriac. K-ma time yawin ?
Where is my luggage ?
Arabic. Wen aghradhi ?
Persian. Asbab-i-man kujast ?
Turkish. !^shyam nerede dir ?
Arm. Our e ireghens ?
Kurd. Asbabemin lakii darena ?
Syriac. Aikailai sababi ?
526 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
9. Inquiries about Troops
Have you seen our troops ?
Arabic. Sliuft 'asakir-na ?
Persian. Qushun-i-mara dida-id ?
Turkish. 'Askerimizi gordiiniiz-mil ?
Arm. Desaq artioq mer zor-
qern ?
Kurd. 'Askarama ta dit ?
Syriac. Gallo khzelokh 'askar di-
yan?
Do you know where the troops are ?
Arabic. Ta'raf wen el-'asker ?
Persian. Mi-danid ki qushun ku-
jast ?
Turkish. *Askerin nerede oldii-
ghunu bilirmisiniz ?
Arm. Kideq artioq our yenmer zorqern ?
Kurd. Tu tzani 'askar laku da-
reya ?
Syriac. Gallo yadh-et aikaila *as-
kar?
Yes, I saw them by the wood.
Arabic, Na'am, shufthum garib
el-ghab (ez-z6r).Persian. Bali, an-ha-ra dam-i-
bishek didam.Turkish. Evvet, ormanin yaninda
gordiim.Arm. Ayo, andarri mod desa
zanonq.Kurd. Hare, ma awan dit ne-
zike vi ghabah.Syriac. Na*m kemkhazennai qor-
ba d-adb ghaba.
What sort of troops and how many are they ?
Arabic. Esh shikel asker wa kamwahid ?
Persian. Chi jiir qushiin, u cliand
nafar ?
Turkish. Ne durlu 'asker dir, ve'adde ne qadar ?
Arm. Inch desag zorqer yevqani had yen ?
Kurd. Chi tov 'askarin u chan-'
din?
Syriac. Ma tukhma d-'askarilai
wukmaile minianaihi ?
Five thousand, with cavalry and guns.
Arabic. Khamsat alaf ma' '1-khai-
yalah wat-tawap.Persian. Panj hazar, ba suwar ii
tup.Turkish. Besh bin var, siivari ile
toplar.Arin. Hink hazar, hedzelazor-
qov yev tntanotnerov.
Kurd. Penj hazar suwar ii topa.
Syriac. Khamsha alpe 'immed
swariye iitopatha.
iHow long have they been there ?
Arabic. Kam yom baqa lahumhinak ?
Persian. Az chi waqt anja biideh-
and ?
Turkish. Ne vaqit-dan-beri oradadirler ?
Arm. Yerpen i ver hon yen ?
Kurd. Zhchi wakht wan lav
darena ?
Syriac. Min imanilai tama ?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 627
In which direction have they marched ?
Arabic. Min e tarf rahu ?
Persian. Bi-kudam taraf rawanehshudeh-and ?
Turkish. Hangi jihete hareket
etdiler ?
Arm. Vor goghm qaletsin ?
Kurd. Lachi tarafe choyen ?
Syriac. Gallo sub aima t^rafzellai ?
Where is an officer ?
Arabic. Wen edh-dhabit ?
Persian. Sahib-mansabi kujast ?
Turkish. Zabit nerede dir ?
Arm. Our ga mi sba ?
Kurd. Zabit laku dareya ?
Syriac. Aikaile zabit ?
Take me to the Colonel.
Arabic. Waddi-ni ila '1-miraIai.
Persian. Mara pish-i-sartip bi-
bar.
Turkish. Beui miralaya gotiir.
Arm. Dareq zis kndabedin.
Kurd. Peshe miralai miu be-
birra.
Syriac. Naubelli 1-gebe d-miralai.
I have a letter from our General.
Arabic. 'Andi maktub min mu-sbir-na,
Kaghazi daram az sardar.
Qomandanimizdan bendebirmektub var.
Namag ounim mer zora-
beden.
Kaghazak zbsar'aska-
rema lagal min haya.Ith 'immi kha kthawamin sar'askar diyan.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.
Kurd.
Syriac.
10. Food and Drink
I am hungry, I wish to eat.
Arabic. Ana jo 'an, arid sbe
a'kul.
Persian. Gurasneb-am,mi-khahambi-kburam.
Turkish. Qarnim ach, yeyejek bir
sbei isterim.
Arm. Anotiyem,oudelg'ouzem.Kurd. Az bersima, ma tishtak
tvet.
Syriac. KpTnaiwin, kibain d-akh-lin.
I am thirsty, I wish to drink.
Arabic. Ana 'atsban, arid-li she
ishrab.
Persian. Tishneb-am, mi-kbahambi-nusham.
Turkish. Susuzim, su ichmek iste-
rim.
Arm. Dzaravi yem, khmel
g'ouzem.Kurd. Az tehnim, vakhwarine
ma tvet.
Syriac. Sihyaiwin,kibain d-sliatin .
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 529
Bring bread and cheese.
Arabic. Jib-lena khubz wa-jiben.Persian. Nan u panir bi-yar.Turkish, l^kmek ile penir getir.
Arm. Peretseq hats yev banir ?
Kurd. Nan u penir bo ma bina.
Syriac. Maithelan likhma ugupta .
I am going to pay for it.
Arabic. Ba'tiq haqqek.Persian. Pul-i-an-ra mi-khaham
bi-dibam.
Turkish. Parasini ver^jeyim.Arm. Bidi vjarem ador hamarKurd. Az haqqewi bidem.
Syriac. Bidyawin haq dlye.
Bring us coffee with milk.
Arabic. Jib-lena qahwah bi-halib.
Persian. Qahweh ba shir-i-gau bi-
yar.Turkish. Bize siitlu qahve getir.
Arm. Gathov sourj peretseqmez.
Kurd. Qahwa u shir boma bina
Syriac. Maithe Ian qahwa u
khelya.
Hurry up, we haven*t much time.
Arabic. Ista'jil, ma 'andna waqt.Persian. Zud bash, khaili waqt na-
darim.
Turkish. Chabuk ol, choq vaqi-timiz yoq.
Arm. Shdabetseq, shad zham-
anaq ch'ounenq.Kurd. Lazi bika, wakht ma
nina.
Syriac. Qalula, lattan 'iddana.
Bring us the bill.
Arabic. Jib-lena el-hisab,
Persian. Hisab-ra bi-yar.Turkish. Bize hisab getir.
Arm. Peretseq hashivn,
Kurd. Hisabema bina.
Syriac. Makhzelan hisab diyan.
How much do we owe ?
Arabic. Esh tela' 'alena ?
Persian. Chand bayad bi-dihim ?
Turkish. Borjumuz ne qadar ?
Arm, Vorqan g'bardinq tzez ?
Kurd. Haqqeta chanda ?
Syriac. Kmaile haq diyokh ?
How much does this cost ?
Arabic. Besh yiswa hadha ?
Persian, In chand mi-arzad ?
Turkish. Bunun fi'ati ne dir ?
Arm. Ays vorqan arzhe ?
Kurd. Haq avi chanda ?
Syriac. Mile timed adhi ?
Ll
530 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
11. Billets, Lodging and Stabling
I want quarters for 50 men.
Arabic. Arid makan li-khatir
khamsin nefer.
Persian. Az barayi pan jah adam
manzil mi-khaham.Turkish. Elli nefer ichun yer
isterim.
Arm. Hisoun marti hamar
degh g'ouzem.Kurd. Az 'ard dikhwazim bo
penji zalam.
Syriac. Kibain duktha ta kham-shi nashe.
Give me better quarters.
Arabic. A'tini makan ahsan.
Persian. Manzili bihtar az in bi-
man bi-dih.
Turkish. Bana bundan eyi bir yerver.
Arm. Aveli lav degh dveq intz.
Kurd. 'Aid khwashter bo minbeda.
Syriac. Halli duktha besh tauta.
Have you found me quarters yet ?
Arabic. Has§alt-]i makan ?
Persian. Manzili az barayi manhaniiz paida kardeh-id ?
Turkish. Bizim ichun yer dahabuldun mu ?
Arm. Intz hamar degh kdaqthe voch ?
Kurd. Ta 'ard boma paida keri ?
Syriac. Gallo khzelokh duktha
tali ?
Where is the owner of the house ?
Arabic. Wen §ahib el-bet ?
Persian. Sahib-i-inkhaneh kujast'iTurkish. Ev sahibi nerede ?
Arm. Our e ays dan dern ?
Kurd. Khudane vi mal laku
dareya ?
Syriac. Aikaile mare d-adh bai-
tha?
Light the fire, please.
Arabic. Ish'al en-nar.
Persian. Lutfan atash-ra biafruz.
Turkish. Kerem et, ateshi yaq.Arm. Hajetseg gragn varrel.
Kurd. Bkarameta, agir bika.
Syriac. Kmarjin minnokh, ewodhnura.
i
I want stabling for 16 horses.
Arabic. YUzam-li makan khatir
zerabat li-sitt 'ash hisan.
Persian. Az barayi shunzdeh asptawileh mi-khaham.
Turkish. On alti at ichun akhuristerim.
Arm. Dasnvets tzii hamarakhorr g'ouzem.
Kurd. 'Ard bo shazda asp dikh -
wazim.
Syriac. Kibin duktha ta 'ishtasar
suse.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 531
Thanks, we want nothing more,
Arabic. Mimnumn, ma nerid ghershe.
Persian. Lutf-i-shuma ziyad,digarchizi lazim nadarim.
Turkish. Teshekkurederim,bashqabir shei istemeyiz.
Arm. Shnorhagaloutiun, aveli
pan chenq ouzer,
Kurd. Shukur, lateshtak di
hauja nina.
Syriac. Shakrinnokhjaksanqokhl-mindi khenna.
Tell all people not to be afraid.
Arabic. Qui lin-nas la yakhafu.Persian. Bi-mardum bi-gu na-
tarsand.
Turkish. Bitiin ehaliya soile qorq-mazsinlar.
Amen martots aseq vorch'vaklman.
Bo hammu kbalq khabarbida natersin.
Makhber kullai nashe d-la
zadi.
Arm.
Kurd.
Syriac.
Where is there some clean water ?
Arabic. Aku moi nedhif?
Persian. Ab-i-pak kujast ?
Turkish. Temiz su nerede bulunur?Arm. Our ga maqour chour ?
Kurd. Laku dare av khwash
haya ?
Syriac. Aika ith maya rande ?
Clear those houses ; we are going to
quarter our men in them.
Arabic. Farrigh el-buyut ; nerid
nunezzil rijalna fiha.
Persian. An khane-ha-ra khall
kun ;ml-khahim
adam-ha-yi kbud-ra
anja manzil bi-dihim.
Turkish. Shu evlerden ehaliyi
chiqar, neferatimizi ora-
da oturtajaghiz.Arm. Maqretseq ayt dounern,
anonts mech bidi
deghavorenq mer mar-
tiqn.Kurd. Van mala khali bika, ame
merekhwa lavedare dai-
nin.
Syriac. Msapqu an bate, bed-
matwokh nashan b-ga-waihi.
Is there smallpox in this village ?
Arabic. Aku jidrl fil-beled ?
Persian. Dar in deh abileh da-
rad?Turkish. Bii koide chichek khasta-
lighi var mi ?
Arm. Dzaghgakhd ga artioq
ays kiughi mech ?
Kurd. Awlek [or khuri) lav-
gund haya ?
Syriac. Gallo ith shalqo {or
shikhna) b-adhtha?
l12
532 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Tell me the house where there are sick men.
Arabic. Akhbir- iii wen el-hosh el-
ledbi aku mardha.Persian. Mara an khane-ra nishan
deh ki-mardum-i-na-khiish dar anja ha-
stand.
Turhish, Ichinde khasta bulunanevi bana goster.
Arm. Asatseq intz ayn doun'nour hivant martiqgan.
Kurd. *Arde nasakha nisbaminbeda.
Syriac. Makhzeli duktha d-ith bakribe.
Is it feverish here ?
Arabic. Aku sakhuneh fil-makan
hadha ?
Persian. Inja tab darad ?
Turkish. Burasi sitmali mi dir ?
Arm. Artioq chermod degh e
bos?Kurd. Ta labera baya ?
Syriac. Gallo ith sbatba b-adb
duktha ?
Is it healthy here ? |
Arabic. Hawa bel-makan tayyib ?
Persian. Inja salim-ast ?
Turkish. Buranin bavasi eyi-
mi dir ?
Arm. Artioq arrogbcb degh a
bos?Kurd. Baye vi ard kbwasba ?
Syriac. Gallo manakb d-adh duk-
tha randaile ?
12. Strang-ers or Suspects
Stop ! or I shall shoot.
Arabic. Ogaf, wa-illa idhrabek
bi-rasas.
Persian. Bi-ist, wa-illa tir mi-
andazam.Turkish. Dur ! yoqsa atesh
ederim,
Arm» Getseq! yethe vochg'zar-nem.
Kurd, Rawusta ! {or bisakkina)
yan az ta kuzbim.
Syriac. Hmol ! ilia bedmakbin.
Don^t move from the spot.
Arabic.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.
Kurd.
Syriac.
La tataharrak min
makanek.Az anja ki ha^ti ^arakatna-kun.
Oradan qimildanma.Mi sharzhir deghed
{sing.), ch'sharzhiq deg-herned {fl.).
Zhvedare nacha.
La mharkit min duk-
thokb.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 533
Stand a little farther off.
Arabic. Ogaf shweyah ab'ad.
Persian. Qadri durtar bi-ist.
Turkish. Bir az daha uzaqda dur.
Arm. Poqr incli aveli herroun
getseq.Kurd. Durter bisakkina.
Syriac. Hmol besh rahuqa.
Come closer.
Arabic. Tal (ta'al) shweya agrab.Persian. Nazdiktar biya.Turkish. Daha yaqin gel.
Arm. Aveli mod yegeq.Kurd. Nezlkter wara.
Syriac. Hayyo besh qariwa.
Arabic.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 535
Where are you wounded ?
Arabic. Wen jurhek ?
Persian. Zakhm-at kujast ?
Turkish. Nerede yaralisin ?
Arm. Vor deghen viravorvadz
eq?Kurd. Brineta laku dareya ?
Syriac. Aikaiwet jriha ?
In the knee, Uie foot.
Arabic. Bi-rukbati, bi-rijfli.
Persian. Dar zanu, dar pa.Turkish. Dizimden, ayaghimdan.Arm. Dzoimges, vodqes.Kurd. La zhnii {or la zarani), la
pe.
Bgo birka, bgo aqla.Syriac.
Keep quiet.
Arabic.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.Kurd.
Syriac.
Iskut (don't talk), la
_tatah.arrak {don't move).Asudeh bash.
Qimildanma.Hantard getseq.Nakheva {don't talk),
harakat naka {don't
move).
Shtoq {don't talk), la
m^arkit {don't move).
You mustn't speak.
Arabic. La tehaki.
Persian. Na-bayad harf bi-zanid.
Turkish. Laqirdi etmemelisin.
Arm. Bedq che khosiq.Kurd. Nakheva.
Syriac. La mahkit.
Sit down, lie down.
Arabic. Aq'ad (p^. uq'udu).Persian. Bi-nishin, bi-khab.
Turkish. Otur, yat.Arm. Nsdetseq, barrgetseq.Kurd. Runa, rahat bistina
draizh biba.
Syriac. Itu, irokh.
or
Undress yourself.
Arabic. Ishlah hudumek.Persian. Rakht-i-khud-ra bi-kan
or lukht shau.
Turkish. Soyun.Arm. Hanvetseq.Kurd. Jilketa beshalina,
Syriac. Shl5kh jullokh.
Give me water.
Arabic. A'tini moi.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.Kurd.
Syriac.
Abbi-dih.^
Bana su ver.
Chour dveq intz.
Av bida min.
Halli maya.
Here is Water and brandy.
Arabic. Hadha moi wa-kunyak.Persian. Inak, ab u konyak.Turkish. Ishte sana su ile qonyaq.Arm. Aha chour yev coniac.
Kurd. Ava av ukonyak.
Syriac. Ha maya u konyak.
Give me a bandage.
Arabic. A'tini rabatah.
Persian, 'lsabe-3^ bi-man bi-dih.
Turkish. Bana bir yara sarghisiver.
Arm. Viragab dveq intz.
Kurd. Pata b5 min bma.
Syriac. Halli khdha pasta.
536 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Help me with the bandaging.
Arabic. Sa'id-ni bir-rabatah.
Persian. Dar 'i^abeh bastan mara
yawari kun.
Turkish. Bana sarghiyi sarmaqdayardim et.
Arm. Oknetseq intz viraga-
poutiamp.Kurd. Lasliadandine haremin
wara.
Syriac. 'Onni b-xsara.
Take this medicine.
Arabic. Khod islirab ed-dawa.Persian. In darii-ra bi-khur.
Turkish. Shu 'ilaii ich.
Arm. Arreg ays teghn,Kurd. Vi darman bestina.
Syriac. Shqol adh darmana.
Go to the Doctor and teli him to come at
once.
Arabic. Ruli lil-liakim wa-qul-luh yiji bil-'ajel.
Persian. Hakim-ra bi-gu zud bi-
yayad.Turkish. Hekime git soile ki
shimdi buraya gelsin.Arm. Knatseq pzhishgin yev
asatseq anmichabes ka.
Kurd. Harra nik hakim ubezhabowl da zu et.
Syriac. Si 1-gebe d-hakim umored-athe qalula.
Take this man to hospital.
Arabic. Waddi her-rijal lil-khas-
takhanah.Persian. In mard-ra bi maiiz-
khaneh bi-bar.
Turkish. Bii neferi khasta-khaneye
gotiir.
Ann. Hivanlanots dareg aysmartn.
Kurd. Vi mer lakhastakhanabiberra.
Syriac. Naubil adh nasha Ikhas-
takhana.
14. General Phrases
Good night, madam.
Arabic. M-Allah bi-kher ya sitt.
Persian. Shab-i-shuma bi-khair,khanam.
Turkish. Gejeniz khair olsun,hanem effendi.
Arm. Pari kisher,Kurd.
Syriac. Push b-shayna khanam.
digin.
Good morning, madam.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 537
G:od morning, Sir.
Arabic. Sabah m-Allah bi-kli6r,
efiendi.
Persian. Subh-i-shuma bi-khair.
Tjurkish. Sabaliiniz khair olsun,efiendim.
Arm. Pari luys, baron.
Kurd. Subahi bkhair !
Syriac. Shlama lukh effendi.
How are you?
Arabic. Shlon kefek ?
Persian. Ahwal-i-shuma chi taur-ast?
^
Turkish. Nasi siniz ?
Arm. Inchbes eq ?
Kurd. Kaifata chawaya ?
Syriac. Dekb iwet ?
I am sorry.
Arabic. Ana mute'essif.
Persian. Afsus mi-khuram.Turkish. Yaziq.Arm. . G'tsavim.
Kurd. Az kbaminim.
Syriac. Kimasfin.
What is the news ?
Arabic. Esh el-khabr ?
Persian. Chi khabar-ast ?
Turkish. Ne khaber var ?
Arm. Inch lour ga ?
Kurd. Chi khabar haya ?
Syriac. Ma khabra ith ?
Do you know English ?
Arabic. Ta'rif anglezi ?
Persian. Inglisi-ra mi-danid ?
Turkish. Ingilizje bilirmisiniz ?
Ann Anglieren kideq ?
Kurd. Tu inglisi zani ?
Syriac. Gallo kyadh'et inglisi ?
Speak slowly.
Arabic. Ehki yawash.Persian. Yawash harf zan.
Turkish. Yavash soile.
Arm. Gamats khosetseq.Kurd. Yawash bakheva.
Syriac. Mahki b-nikhutha.
There is a fire.
Arabic. Aku nar.
Persian.. Atash darad.
Turkish. Atesh var burda.
Arm. Grag ga,Kurd. Agir haya.
Syriac. Ith nura.
Impossible.
Arabic. Mu mumkin.Persian. Muhal, ghair-i-mumkin.Turkish. Olmaz.Arm. Angareli.Kurd. Na mumkina {or nabit).
Syriac. Ghair mumkin {or la
baraya).
Please come in ; sit down !
Arabic. Tafadhdhal udkhui
uq'ud !
Persian. Bi-farma'id; bi-nishinidt
Turkish. Buyurun ;oturun !
Arm. Hajetseq ners; nsdetseq!
Kurd. Wara;runa !
Syriac. Tafadhdhal hayyo ;itu !
God grant it !
Arabic. In sha Allah !
Persian. Khuda kunad! Insha'llah !
Turkish, Inshallah !
Arm. Asdvadz da ! Amen !
Kurd. Khuzzi, ishallah !
Syriac. Khuzzi, in sha allah !
538 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
It is true.
Arabic. Sahih.
Persian. Rast ast.
Turkish. Dogliru dir.
Arm. Jisht e.
Kurd. Rasta.
Syriac. Tamam.
What are your wishes ?
Arabic. Esh khatirek ?
Persian. Chi mi-khahid ?
Turkish. Ne istersiniz ?
Ar7n. Inch e tzer papakn ?
Kurd. Ta chi tvet {or dkhwazi)
Syriac, Ma kibet ?
Thank God ! I am well,
Arabic. El-
bi-
El-hamdu lillah {or
hamdillah), anakher !
Al-hamdu lillah, ahwal-
am khiib-ast !
Turkish. Al-hamdu lillah, eyi yim I
Arm. Parrq Asdoudzo, lav
Persian.
Kurd,
Syriac.
yemShukur lakhude, az sa-
khim!Kshakrin alaha,
iwin!
sakh
You are welcome.
Arabic. Marhaba ;ehlen wa-seh-
len.
Persian. Khush amadid.
Turkish. Khosh geldiniz! Safa
geldiniz !
Arm. Parov yegaq.Kurd, Marhaba 1 tu khwash
hati.
Syriac, Marhaba I
Please.
Arabic.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.Kurd.
Syriac.
Thank you.
Arabic.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.Kurd.
Syriac.
Tafadhdhal {SeeVocab.)Lutfan.
Kerem et.
Hajetseq, khntrem.Bkhaireta.
Min fadh] diyokh.
Mimnun or kethther
khairek.
Iltifat-i-shuma ziyad.Teshekkiir ederim.
Shnorhagal yem tzez.
Min zhta minata.
Minta minnokh {or
kshakrennokh).
Do you understand ?
Arabic. Tifham ?
Persian..
Turkish.
Arm.Kurd.
Syriac.
Aya, fahmidi ?
Anladin mi ?
G' hasgnaq ?
Tu fahm deki ?
Gallo kfahmit ?
I don*t understand.
Arabic. Ana ma iftahim.
Persian. Nami-fahmam.Turkish. Anlamam.Arm. Chem hasgnar,Kurd. Az fahm nakim.
Syriac. Lak fabmin.
All right.
Arabic.
Persian.
Turkish.
Arm.Kurd.
Syriac.
Tayyib.Khaili khub.
Pek 'ala, pek eyi.
Shad lav !
Chaka {or qanja).Randa.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 539
There is no news.
Arabic. Maku khabr.
Persia?i. Khabaii nist.
Turkish. Khaber yoq.Arm. Lour cb'ga.Kurd. Chu khabar nina.
Syriac. Laith chu khabra.
How do you know ?
Arabic. Shlon ta'rif ?
Persian. Az kuja mi-danid ?
Turkish. Nasi bilirsiniz ?
Arm. Inchbes kideq ? inchen
kideq ?
Kurd. Tu cbawa {or kusa) tzani ?
Syriac. Min aika kyadh-et ?
It is false.
Arabic. Mu sahih or kidhb.
Persian. Durugh-ast.Turkish. Yalan dir.
Arm. Skhal e, soud e.
Kurd. Drawa.
Syriac. Duglaile !
I am glad.
Arabic. El-hamdu lillah.
Persian,. Khusb-am mi-yayad.Turkish. Memnun um.Ar7n. Ourakh yem, kob yem.Kurd. Az kbwashim.
Syriac. P§ikbaiwin.
Possible.
Arabic. Mumkin.Persian. Mumkin.Turkish. Mumkin, olabilir.
Arm. Gareli.
Kurd. Mumkina {or dbit).
Syriac. Mumkin {or kbare).
Rain threatens.
Arabic. Ed-dunya mattarab.
Persian. Darad baran bi-barad.
Turkish. Yaghmur yagbajaq gibiArm. Antzrev g'sbarrna.Kurd. Dunya barana.
Syriac. Dunye mitranithaila.
It is moonlight.
Arabic. Ed-dunya nur qamar.Persian. Mahtab-ast.
Turkish. Mahitab havasi var.
Arm. Lousnga e, lousniagkisher e.
Kurd. E-ozbnahie haiva.
Syriac. Bebra d-seraile.
How old are you ?
Arabic. Kam senah 'umrak ?
Persian. Chand salagi darid ?
Turkish. Qacb yasbinda sin ?
Arm. Qani daregan eq ?
Kurd. 'Umreta chanda ? {or ta
cband sal haya ?)
Syriac. Kmaile 'umr diyokb ?
I must go.
Arabic. Lazim aruh.
Persian. Bayad bi-rawamTurkish. Gitmeliyim.Arm. Yertalou yem, bardim
yertal.Kurd. Lazima az dechem.
Syriac. Lazim ta d-zali.
Is he at home ?
Arabic. Hiia bil-bet ?
Persian. Dar khane-ast ?
Turkish. J^vde mi dir ?
Arm. Dann e artioq ?
Kurd. Au Imala ?
Syriac. B-go baitbailc ?
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