Journal of Natural History, 2013http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.791948

Trichoptera (Insecta) from Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil

Wagner Rafael M. de Souzaa*, Lucas R.C. Limaa, Ana M.O. Pesb

and Ulisses Pinheiroa

aDepartamento de Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal dePernambuco, Recife, Brazil; bInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil

(Received 9 November 2012; final version received 29 March 2013)

We present here the first list of species of Trichoptera (Insecta) from PernambucoState, northeastern Brazil, as well as new records of caddisfly species for the country.This study is based on collections of adults, from rivers and streams in 10 coun-ties. A total of six families, 14 genera, and 22 species were recorded, increasing thenumber of species in the northeastern region from 15 to 37. Moreover, Mortoniellaasymmetris Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011 is recorded for the first time from Brazil.

Keywords: caddisflies; neotropical; taxonomy; survey

Introduction

Knowledge about the distribution of Trichoptera in South America can be consideredas still incipient. Although many regions of South America have been well surveyed(e.g. Chile, Amazon and southeastern regions of Brazil), most described species areknown from fragmentary distribution records or only from type localities (Blahniket al. 2004).

According to information provided in the list of species from Brazil (Paprockiet al. 2004) and from the website “Brazilian Caddisflies” (Santos et al. 2012), thereare 577 species recorded from Brazil, distributed in 16 families and 70 genera.The northeastern region is one of the least-sampled regions in Brazil, with only15 species recorded; consequently it has only preliminary taxonomic knowledge ofTrichoptera, when compared with the much better surveyed southeastern (444 species)and northern (266 species) regions.

In the northeastern region, only the states of Bahia (12), Ceará (1), and Paraíba(2) have literature records of Trichoptera. Not surprisingly, there are few researchersand almost no faunal inventories of caddisflies for this region. In this paper, we providethe first list of caddisflies from Pernambuco State and new records from northeasternBrazil.

Material and methods

The State of Pernambuco is located in the northeastern region of Brazil and has anarea of 98,311 km2. The state is divided into three physiographic regions: Zona da

*Corresponding author. Email: faelwagner@gmail.com

© 2013 Taylor & Francis

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Figure 1. Pernambuco State with the respective collecting localities.

Mata (11%) located in the eastern part of the state and characterized by humid climateand Atlantic Forest vegetation; Agreste (19%), a transition zone dominated by semi-arid conditions; and Sertão (70%), central-western part of the state and characterizedby semi-arid climate and Caatinga vegetation (Carvalho 2008).

The material was collected at 18 localities in 12 counties (Figure 1), between March2009 and September 2012. Light traps, set a sunset, were used to collect individuals.Paprocki et al. (2004), Flint et al. 1999, and the list of species of Trichoptera recordedfrom Brazil (updated frequently) on the website “Brazilian Caddisflies” (Santos et al.2012) were consulted for information on species distribution.

For examination of the male genitalia, abdomens of specimens were removed andplaced in a culture tube of 85.5% lactic acid over medium heat (110–125◦C) for approx-imately 90 minutes. After this process, the abdomens were placed in 10% KOH for25 minutes at the same temperature. To halt the clearing process, abdomens were rinsedin a small dish of acetic acid and then transferred to 80% ethyl alcohol.

To analyse the records of the species in river basins, we adopted the classificationof the Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA). Indications of Brazilian states follow offi-cial state abbreviations. The material is deposited in the Coleção Entomológica daUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE).

Results and discussion

Six families of Trichoptera were found (Glossosomatidae, Helicopsychidae, Hydro-psychidae, Leptoceridae, Odontoceridae and Philopotamidae), distributed among14 genera and 22 species. Except for Oecetis punctipennis (Ulmer, 1905), already

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recorded from Bahia State, all species identified are new records for the northeast-ern region. The families Odontoceridae and Glossosomatidae are reported for thefirst time from the region. Mortoniella asymmetris Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011 isrecorded for the first time from Brazil. Our results increase the number of speciesfrom the northeastern region from 15 to 37. Below we provide a list of all caddisflyspecies recorded for Pernambuco. For each species listed, data on geographical dis-tribution are provided, and comments are made when necessary. Some adults of thefamily Hydroptilidae were collected but remain undetermined and were not include inthis study.

List of species

Family GLOSSOSOMATIDAEMortoniella asymmetris Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011

Previous distribution

PARAGUAY.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Amaraji (Rio Amaraji, near alcohol plant, 8◦21′48.9′′ S,35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 4 ♂, 28 April 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE).Jaqueira (Rio Pirangi, PE-126 near bridge, 8◦44′53.0′′ S, 35◦48′51.1′′ W, 189 m), 17 ♂,23 May 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE).

Family HELICOPSYCHIDAEHelicopsyche (Cochilipsyche) clara (Ulmer, 1905)

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Atlântico Sul Basin (SC), MG.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Amaraji (Rio Amaraji, near alcohol plant, 8◦21′48.9′′ S,35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 1♂, 23 March 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE);same as preceding except, 28 April 2012, 2 ♂, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols.Petrolina (Balneário das Pedrinhas, Rio São Franscisco 8◦36′23.2′′ S, 38◦34′21.7′′ W),21 ♂, 6 October 2011, L.R.C. Lima, G. Nicácio cols (UFPE).

Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) vergelana Ross, 1956

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: specific locality undetermined.

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Material

PERNAMBUCO: Rio Formoso (Riacho da Gameleira, REBIO Saltinho,8◦43′12.3′′ S, 35◦10′32.9′′ W, 47 m), 1 ♂, 13 December 2009, L.R.C. Lima cols(UFPE). Correntes (Rio Mundaú 9◦07′57.4′′ S, 36◦19′01.0′′ W, 380 m), 2 ♂,14 February 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE).

Family HYDROPSYCHIDAEBlepharopus diaphanus Kolenati, 1859

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazônica Basin (RR, AC, PA) Araguaia-Tocantis Basin (MT), AtlânticoSudeste Basin (RJ, MG), Atlântico Sul Basin (PR, SC).

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Correntes (Rio Mundaú 9◦07′57.4′′ S, 36◦19′01.0′′ W, 380 m), 2 ♂,14 February 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Petrolina (Base FluvialIlha do Fogo, São Franscisco River 40◦30′17.4′′W 9◦24′22.9′′S), 1 ♂, 8 October 2011,L.R.C. Lima cols (UFPE).

Leptonema viridianum Navás, 1916

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Paraná Basin (DF, GO) São Franscisco Basin (MG), Atlântico SudesteBasin (RJ), Amazônica Basin (PA). ARGENTINA, BOLIVIA, COLOMBIA,ECUADOR, GUYANA, PARAGUAY, PERU and VENEZUELA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Vicência (Açude do Engenho Embú 7◦37′53.3′′ S, 35◦22′48.4′′ W,140 m), 3 ♂, 13 November 2011, W.R.M. Souza, L.R.C. Lima cols (UFPE). BomConselho (Cachoeira Sr. Antônio, near dam 9◦19′11.8′′ S, 36◦38′23.3′′ W, 487 m), 4 ♂,16 October 2012, W.R.M. Souza, L.R.C. Lima cols (UFPE).

Macrostemum ulmeri (Banks, 1913)

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazônica Basin (AM, PA, RR), MG. COLOMBIA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Tamandaré (Riacho Mamucabas 8◦43′21.6′′ S, 35◦11′14.0′′ W,90 m), 1 ♂, 24 September 2009, L.R.C. Lima cols (UFPE).

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Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) roraimense Albino, Pes and Hamada, 2011

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazônica Basin (RR).

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Jaqueira (Rio Piranji, 8◦43′22.7′′ S, 35◦47′19.0′′ W, 148 m), 3 ♂,23 May 2012, L.R.C. Lima W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Correntes (Rio Mundaú9◦07′57.4′′ S, 36◦19′01.0′′ W, 380 m), 39 ♂, 14 February 2012, L.R.C. Lima,W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Vicência (Cachoeira do Engenho Embú 7◦37′22.2′′ S,35◦22′51.3′′ W, 186 m), 16 ♂, 13 November 2011, L.R.C. Lima W.R.M. Souzacols (UFPE). Cabrobó (Ilha de Assunção, cachoeira 8◦30′56.5′′ S, 39◦20′15.4′′ W),1 ♂, 7 October 2011, L.R.C. Lima G. Nicácio cols (UFPE). Tamandaré (RiachoMamucabas, near headoffice REBIO de Saltinho, 8◦43′21.6′′ S, 35◦11′14.0′′ W),6 ♂, 22 September 2009, L.R.C. Lima cols (UFPE). Orobó (Cachoeira Poço Verde,7◦44′10.7′′ S, 35◦32′35.8′′ W), 2 ♂, 28 September 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souzacols (UFPE).

Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) palmar Sganga, 2005

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: MT, Atlântico Sudeste Basin (ES).

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Bom Conselho (Cachoeira Sr. Antonio, near dam 9◦19′11.8′′ S,36◦38′23.3′′ W, 487 m), 2 ♂, 16 October 2012, L.R.C. Lima, Nicácio G. cols (UFPE).Águas Belas (Cachoeira do Lamarão 9◦06′11,9′′ S, 37◦04′06.0′′ W, 444 m), 6 ♂,16 October 2012, L.R.C. Lima, Nicácio G. cols (UFPE).

Smicridea (Smicridea) palifera Flint, 1981

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazon Basin (RR), Atlântico Sudeste Basin (RJ). VENEZUELA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Vicência (Açude do Engenho Embú 7◦37′53.3′′ S, 35◦22′48.4′′ W,140 m), 8 ♂, 13 November 2011, L.R.C. Lima W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Vicência(Cachoeira do Engenho Embú 7◦37′22.2′′ S, 35◦22′51.3′′ W, 186 m) 10 ♂, 13 September2011, L.R.C. Lima W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Amaraji (Rio Amaraji, near alcoholplant 8◦21′48.9′′ S, 35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 1 ♂, 28 April 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M.Souza cols (UFPE).

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Synoestropsis aff. pedicillata Ulmer, 1905

Material

Amaraji (Rio Amaraji, near alcohol plant 8◦21′48.9′′ S, 35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 1 ♂,21 March 2012, L.R.C. Lima W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE).

Remarks

The descriptions of most species in the genus Synoestropsis are inadequate and thegenus is in need of a modern revision. Consequently, it was not possible to confirm theidentification of this specimen.

Family LEPTOCERIDAENectopsyche fuscomaculata Flint, 1983

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Atlântico Sudeste Basin (RJ), Paraná Basin (PR). ARGENTINA,PARAGUAY.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Amaraji (Rio Amaraji, near alcohol plant 8◦21′48.9′′ S,35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 2 ♂, 28 April 2012, L.R.C. Lima W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE).

Oecetis excisa Ulmer, 1907

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Araguaia-Tocantins Basin (GO). ARGENTINA, BOLIVIA, MEXICO,PARAGUAY and VENEZUELA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Amaraji (Rio Amaraji, near alcohol plant 8◦21′48.9′′ S,35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 2 ♂, 28 April 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M Souza cols (UFPE).

Oecetis paranensis Flint, 1982

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: MG. ARGENTINA, BOLIVIA, PARAGUAY and PERU.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Cabrobó (Ilha de Assunção, Cachoeira 8◦30′56.5′′ S,39◦20′15.4′′ W), 1 ♂, 7 October 2011, L.R.C. Lima, G. Nicácio cols (UFPE).

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Oecetis punctipennis (Ulmer, 1905)

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: BA, MG.

Material

PERNAMBUCO Tamandaré (Riacho Mamucabas, near head office of REBIO deSaltinho, 8◦43′21.6′′ S, 35◦11′14.0′′ W), 2 ♂, 08 August 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.MSouza cols (UFPE).

Family ODONTOCERIDAEMarilia alata Flint, 1974

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazon Basin (AM). SURINAM.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Cabrobó (Ilha de Assunção, Cachoeira 8◦30′56.5′′ S,39◦20′15.4′′ W), 1 ♂/1 ♀, 7 October 2011, L.R.C. Lima cols (UFPE).

Marilia fasciculata Banks, 1913

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazon Basin (AM, RO). ARGENTINA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Cabrobó (Ilha de Assunção, Cachoeira 8◦30′56.5′′ S,39◦20′15.4′′ W), 1 ♂/1 ♀, 7 October 2011, L.R.C. Lima cols (UFPE).

Family PHILOPOTAMIDAEChimarra (Chimarra) uara Flint, 1971

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazônica Basin (AM, RO), Paraná Basin (DF), MG. GUYANA,SURINAM, and VENEZUELA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: São Benedito do Sul (Cachoeira Poço do Caboclo 8◦45′53.4′′ S,35◦55′16.1′′ W, 532 m), 4 ♂, 13 February 2009, L.R.C. Lima cols (UFPE). Orobó(Cachoeira Poço Verde, 7◦44′10.7′′ S, 35◦32′35.8′′ W), 7 ♂, 28 September 2012, L.R.C.Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE).

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Chimarra (Curgia) hyoeides Flint, 1983

Previous distribution

BRASIL: Amazônica Basin (PA), Paraná Basin (SC, SP). ARGENTINA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Correntes (Rio Mundaú 9◦07′57.4′′ S, 36◦19′01.0′′ W, 380 m)24 ♂, 14 February 2012, L.R.C. Lima W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Amaraji (RioAmaraji, near alcohol plant 8◦21′48.9′′ S, 35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 6 ♂, L.R.C. Lima,W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Jaqueira (Rio Pirangi, PE-126 near bridge 8◦44′53.0′′ S,35◦48′51.1′′ W, 189 m), 8 ♂, L.R.M. Lima W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Jaqueira(Rio Pirangi, 8◦43′22.7′′ S, 35◦47′19.0′′ W, 148 m) L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols(UFPE).

Remarks

The specimens collected have the sensilla of the tergum X narrowing from the basein dorsal view, whereas the description given in the revision of the subgenus by Flint(1998) includes an abrupt narrowing near the apex. In the original description by Flint(1983) the shape of the sensilla is poorly detailed.

Chimarra (Curgia) parana Flint, 1972

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Paraná Basin (DF, SC, SP) Araguaia-Tocantins Basin (GO), São FranciscoBasin (MG), Atlântico Sudeste Basin (RJ). ARGENTINA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Amaraji (near alcohol plant, 8◦21′48.9′′ S, 35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m),1 ♂, 28 April 2012, L.R.C. Lima W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Vicência (Cachoeira doEngenho Embú 7◦37′22.2′′ S, 35◦22′51.3′′ W, 186 m), 3 ♂, 13 November 2011, L.R.C.Lima, W.R..M. Souza cols (UFPE). Orobó (Cachoeira Poço Verde, 7◦44′10.7′′ S,35◦32′35.8′′ W), 1♂, 28 September 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE).

Family POLYCENTROPODIDAECernotina antonina Holzenthal and Almeida, 2003

Previous distribuion

BRAZIL: Paraná Basin (PR, MG).

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Vicência (Cachoeira do Engenho Embú 7◦37′22.2′′ S,35◦22′51.3′′ W, 186 m), 1 ♂, 13 November 2011, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souzacols (UFPE).

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Cyrnellus mammilatus Flint, 1971

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazon Basin (AM, PA), Paraná Basin (PR), Atlântico Sudeste Basin (RJ),Minas Gerais, São Paulo States. ARGENTINA, ECUADOR, PARAGUAY, PERUand URUGUAY.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Petrolina (Balneário Pedrinhas, Rio São Franscisco 8◦36′23.2′′ S,38◦34′21.7′′ W), 5 ♂, 6 October 2011, L.R.C. Lima G. Nicácio cols (UFPE). Correntes(Rio Mundaú 9◦07′57.4′′ S, 36◦19′01.0′′ W, 380 m), 30 ♂, 14 February 2012, L.R.C.Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE). Amaraji (Rio Amaraji, near alcohol plant8◦21′48.9′′ S, 35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 3 ♂, 28 April 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souzacols (UFPE).

Nyctiophylax neotropicalis Flint, 1971

Previous distribution

BRAZIL: Amazônica Basin (AM, PA), Atlântico Sudeste Basin (RJ), MG and PR.ARGENTINA.

Material

PERNAMBUCO: Amaraji (Rio Amaraji, near alcohol plant 8◦21′48.9′′ S,35◦28′49.0′′ W, 320 m), 1 ♂, 28 April 2012, L.R.C. Lima, W.R.M. Souza cols (UFPE).

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to FACEPE (Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado dePernambuco) for provision of an academic scholarship and other financial support. We are alsograteful to Lucas Marques de Camargos, Dr Roger Blahnik and Leandro Dumas for help withidentification of some species.

References

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Blahnik RJ, Paprocki H, Holzenthal RW. 2004. New distributions and new state records forSouthern and Southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica. 4:1–6.

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Flint OS, Jr. 1983. Studies of neotropical caddisflies, XXXIII: new species from austral SouthAmerica (Trichoptera). Smithson Contri Zool. 337:17–19

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Santos APM, Dumas LL, Jardim GA, Silva ALR, Nessimian JL. 2012. Brazilian Caddisflies:Checklists and Bibliography; [Cited on 2012 Feb 27]. Available from: https://sites.google.com/site/braziliancaddisflies.

Ulmer G. 1905. Neue und wenig bekannte aussereuropäischen Trichopteren, hauptsächlichaus dem Wiener Museum [New and little-known non-European Trichoptera, mainly fromthe Vienna Museum]. Annalen des Kaiserlich-königlich Naturhistorichen Hofmuseums.20(59):1–98.

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