Integrated Policy of Disaster Mitigation in Indonesia

REPORT OF PUBLIC POLICY LECTURE

By :

Name : Ni Made Pertiwi Jaya

Student Number : 14-8710-601-2

Study Program : Environmental Science and Engineering

General Condition of Disaster Mitigation in Indonesia

Indonesia is in the 7th position as the most vulnerable country to the risk of natural disasters (Kuntjoro and Sofiah, 2010)

Media for disaster warning in Indonesia is still very limited and there is no warning system. (Bakornas PBP, 2005)

Disaster management in Indonesia is still focused on post-disaster activities than pre-disaster activities (US IOTWS, 2007)

Tsunami Disaster in Indonesia

Disaster Mitigation as Step Level Dilemma

Step level dilemma is a social dilemma when a number of cooperators go below certain level then individual benefit rapidly decrease.

Only a few people aware about disaster mitigation and the number is tend to be fewer and fewer.

So that the benefit which is probability to reduce damages by a disaster is decrease.

Integrated Policies and Strategies in Disaster Mitigation (1)

Various policies that need to be taken in

disaster mitigation are listed below

(Taufiq, 2014):

The disaster mitigation efforts need to

build a shared vision for all parties;

Implemented in a coordinated manner

involving government and society;

Preventive efforts should be prioritized to minimize the damages and casualties;

Raising the strength through cooperation with all parties, through community empowerment and campaigns.

Integrated Policies and Strategies in Disaster Mitigation (2)

A comprehensive and integrated policy in terms of disaster mitigation can be implemented by developing several strategies, including structural strategies and psychological strategies.

Disaster mitigation

Structural strategies

Psychological strategies

Disaster mitigation

Structural Strategies in Disaster Mitigation

In disaster mitigation, structural strategies promote cooperation by changing environmental factors that consists push measures (regulation) and pull measures (disaster mapping, building and monitoring) .

Structural Strategies in Disaster Mitigation

Push Measure

Provide hazard map as based information of disaster.

Developing buildings which is a technical engineered of resistant construction.

Monitoring through a device of early warning system

Pull Measure

Preparation of regulations in terms of disaster mitigation to avoid unnecessary risks and damage, such as legislation, regional planning, and insurance.

Psychological Strategies in Disaster Mitigation

Communication method is appropriate to use in the case of disaster mitigation, such as dissemination, socialization and counseling, training or education, and early warning information.

Psychological Strategies in Disaster Mitigation

Some strategies by using communication method are:

Dissemination of information by providing posters and leaflets in a vulnerable area of disaster.

Socialization and counseling on all aspects of disaster to raise awareness and preparedness.

Training or education that focused on evacuation and rescue procedures in the event of a disaster.

Early warning which is intended to inform the monitoring results to anticipate a disaster.

Problem of Policies and Strategies in Disaster Mitigation

Refer to the Darwin’s Dilemma where amassed people’s behavior become environmental factors and affect individual behavior.

People in the government agencies or communities should be provided some infrastructures because they realize the importance, not because of some aid or funds.

Therefore, the structural strategies should be followed by some psychological strategies to be an integrated policy package.

THANK YOU

ありがとうございました。