petro-canada lubricants handbook 2007 - :: canadian

Petro-Canada Lubricants2310 Lakeshore Road WestMississauga, OntarioCanada L5J 1K2

Canada - West ........................ Phone 1-800-661-1199East - English ......................... Phone 1-800-268-5850French .................................... Phone 1-800-576-1686Other Areas ............................ Phone (416) 730-2408E-mail ..................................... [email protected]

Petro-Canada America Lubricants Inc.980 North Michigan AvenueSuite 1400, #1431Chicago, Il 60611 USA

Phone ...................................... 1-888-284-4572Fax .......................................... (708) 246-8994E-mail ...................................... [email protected]

Petro-Canada Europe Lubricants Ltd.The ManorHaseley Business CentreWarwick, WarwickshireCV35 7LS United Kingdom

Phone ....................................... +44 (0) 2476-247294Fax ........................................... +44 (0) 2476-247295

Visit Petro-Canada on the Internet: www.petro-canada.com

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PETRO-CANADA LUBRICANTS HANDBOOK2007

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Outside covers E-07 2/27/07 8:46 AM

PREFACE

PREFACE

Petro-Canada Lubricants: Going beyond today’s standards

For more than 25 years, Petro-Canada has researched, developed and produced more than 350 world-class, advanced lubricants, specialty fluidsand greases. Our products serve a diverse range of industries around theglobe including the food industry, general manufacturing, transportation,power generation, mining, forestry, agriculture and plastics processing.

Petro-Canada’s lubricants are manufactured using a patented HT PurityProcess resulting in crystal-clear base oils that are 99.9% pure – the purestin the world. We’re focused on producing products that last longer, are moreenvironmentally friendly, are recyclable, non toxic and biodegradable. Wehave an enviable reputation for high quality, long lasting and cost efficientproducts. This translates into a performance edge for our customers when itcomes to increasing productivity and cutting operating costs. Our productsconstantly deliver Tangible Savings Solutions for outstanding performanceand savings.

This Handbook was current at time of publication. However, specificationwriters and Petro-Canada are constantly upgrading and improving products to meet the ever-changing demands of the marketplace so the informationcontained herein is subject to change. This Handbook is also available elec-tronically on www.petro-canada.com. The products throughout are available in a wide range of package sizes and are stocked at many strategic locationsaround the world either by Petro-Canada or one of our many globalDistributors.

To help our customers select the right lubricant for the job, request a copy ofour LubeSource product catalogue, LUB 2097. It’s an informative guide thatsystematically narrows your lubricant choices to a primary recommendation.

-Petro-Canada LubricantsMississauga, Ontario, Canada

January, 2007

VISCOSITY EQUIVALENTS


NOTE:

� Read across horizontally.

� Assumes 100 Vl single grade oils.

� Equivalence is in terms of viscosity at 40°C only.

� Viscosity limits are approximate: For precise data, consult ISO, AGMA andSAE specifications.

� W grades are represented only in terms of approximate 40°C viscosity.For low temperature limits, consult SAE specifications.

KIN

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(cS

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40°

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2000

1000800

600

500

400

300

200

10080

60

5040

30

20

10 10

15

22

32

46

68

100

150

220

320

460

680

1000

1500

ISOVG

AGMAGRADE

SAEENGINE

OILS

SAEGEAR OILS

8A

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

5W&0W

10W

15W

20

30

40

50

60

140

90

85W

80W

75W

8

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10,000

5000

3000

2000

1000

500

400

300

200

100

60

Inside covers-Canadian 2/27/07 9:30 AM Page 1

ii

PETRO-CANADA QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENT STATEMENT

At Petro-Canada, we take quality very seriously. We are in constant, relentlesspursuit of quality excellence in our processes, our products and our people.

Petro-Canada was the first lubricants manufacturer in North America to be ISO9001 registered. We were the first lubricants manufacturer in Canada tobecome QS9000 certified. In keeping with our committment to meet the latestquality standards and practice, we are now ISO 14001 registered. We alsomeet some of the world’s most demanding specifications including Ford Q-1and DAB X. We produce food grade lubricants that are NSF H-1 approved alsoKosher approved.

In October of 2002, Petro-Canada Lubricants opened the door to the globalmarket by being the first Lubricant’s manufacturer in the world to be registeredto ISO/TS 16949. This new global standard is designed for third party suppliersto the automotive industry. It replaces QS9000 registration and confirms ourability to continually improve our quality system. In addition, we have alsoupgraded to the 2000 version of ISO:9001, which emphasizes customer satis-faction and a process approach to quality.

We are guided in our day-to-day business activities by the following Manage-ment System Vision:

To achieve recognition as a first quartile supplier of choice for quality lubricants,specialty fluids, greases and related services.

Petro-Canada Lubricants will:

• Demonstrate our commitment by maintaining our ISO 9001, ISO 14001 andISO/TS 16949 registrations.

• Ensure our operations comply with customer requirements, specific perfor-mance standards, government legislation, corporate policy and applicableindustry standards.

• Prevent pollution by determining, evaluating and mitigating the environmentalimpacts of our business during the start-up, normal operation and shutdownof our facilities, as well as during project planning and implementationthrough to decommissioning

• Ensure all employees and others working on our behalf are informed trainedand authorized to meet our quality and environmental performance require-ments.

• Continually improve our products through design, manufacturing, deliveryand service processes. This will be achieved through ongoing improvementof the effectiveness of our Quality and Environmental Management Systemsutilizing Total Loss Management philosophies.

• Establish quality and environmental objectives and targets and periodicallyreview performance through the Management Review Process.

Handbook Canadian 2/27/07 8:43 AM Page ii

iii

THE PETRO-CANADA LUBRICANTS GUARANTEE

OurNo-nonsense

LubricantsWarranty.

It’s more than just a warranty.It’s a commitment.

“We will repair damaged equipment, or replace damaged equipment parts resulting from a failure

due to defects of the Petro-Canada lubricant, as long as the lubricant is used in accordance with your

equipment manufacturer’s and our recommendations”

LUB 1181 (97.06)

Handbook Canadian 2/27/07 8:43 AM Page iii

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9

DIRECTORY

1. Product, Product Applicationand Subject Indices

2. HT Purity Process

3. AutomotiveLubricants

4. IndustrialLubricants

5. Greases

6. Food GradeLubricants

7. Process Fluids

8. Fuels & Refinery Products

9. Glossary of Terms andHandy Conversion Charts

Handbook Canadian 2/27/07 8:43 AM Page A

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CONTENTS

PART 2HT Purity

Process– Base Oil Manufacture– Base Oil Classification– Solvent Refining Process– HT Purity Process– Comparison of the Products of

HT Purity Process and Solvent Refining

– Quality Assurance

PART 1Product, Product Application,

and Subject Indices– Index of Former Product Names– Product Index– Product Application Index– Subject Index

PART 3AutomotiveLubricants

– Engine Oil Functions– Additives– SAE Engine Oil Viscosity Classification– API Engine Service Classification– Other Diesel Engine Oil Specifications– API Energy Conserving Classification– API Service Classification Symbol– ILSAC Certification Symbol– Used Oil Analysis– Petro-Canada Automotive Lubricants

PART 4Industrial

Lubricants– Viscosity Classification of Industrial Oils– Advantages of ISO Viscosity Grades– AGMA Numbers– Viscosity Comparisons– Lubricants Handling and Storage– Petro-Canada Industrial Lubricants– Petro-Canada Metalworking Oils

PART 5Greases – Introduction

– Grease Characteristics– Grease Definitions– Grease Service Classification– Grease Compatibility– Grease Properties– Grease Shelf Life– Applying Grease– Petro-Canada Greases

CONTENTS

Handbook Canadian 2/27/07 8:43 AM Page B

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PART 6Food GradeLubricants

– Petro-Canada Food Grade Lubricants

PART 7Process Fluids – Petro-Canada Process Fluids

PART 8Fuels & Refinery Products – Petro-Canada Fuels & Refinery Products

PART 9Glossary of Terms and

Handy Conversion Chartsand Tables

– Glossary of Terms– Viscosity Guide– Viscosity / Temperature Chart– Viscosity Conversion Chart– ASTM Blending Chart– API Gravities and Densities– Colour Scale Equivalents– Table of Lubricant Vapour Pressures– Temperature Conversion Table– Common Conversion Factors– Cylindrical Tank Quantities

CONTENTS

Handbook Canadian 2/27/07 8:43 AM Page C

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Handbook Canadian 2/27/07 8:43 AM Page D

1

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

This Lubricants Handbook has been produced as a concise, comprehensivereference guide to provide users with a broad knowledge of Petro-Canada’smany lubricant products. We have indexed the contents by product brandname, by product application and by subject. We have included a referenceguide with current and former names where products have undergone recentname changes. And we have included many pages of general lubricant andindustry information to help simplify the complexities of understanding the vastworld of lubricants.

This Handbook is divided into nine (9) sections:

• The Indexes – Product Application Index, Product Name Index andthe Subject Index

• The Patented HT Purity Process (Base Oils)• Automotive Lubricants• Industrial Lubricants• Greases• Food Grade Lubricants• Process Oils • Fuels and Refinery Products• Glossary of Terms, Conversion Charts and Tables

Each Product Group is comprised of subsections that begin with a generaldescription of the product and its applications. This includes the certificationsand approvals granted by various specification writing bodies and technicalorganizations. This is followed by the Typical Characteristics for each of thevarious grades of the product.

More comprehensive data for each product can be sourced from our extensiveTechData series located on our web sites: detailed TechData series that areavailable from your Petro-Canada Representative or one of our many globalDistributors. TechDatas are also available on our website, www.petro-canada.com.

• Most areas (English) – www.petro-canada.com• United Kingdom – www.petro-canada.co.uk• Germany – www.petro-canada.de

Or get in touch with one of the Petro-Canada contact points listed on the outside back cover of this Handbook. You are also invited to contact one of our Sales Representatives around the world or one of our many globalDistributors.

Handbook Canadian 2/27/07 8:43 AM Page 1

2

INDEX OF PRODUCT NAMES

INDEX OF PRODUCT NAMES:FORMER VERSUS REPLACEMENTS

HYDRAULIC OILS

Harmony/Premium AW 22, 32, Hydrex* AW 22, 32, 46, 68, 80, 100 2001

46, 68, 80, 100

Harmony/Premium Arctic 15 Hydrex* MV Arctic 15 2001

Harmony/Premium HVI 22, Hydrex* MV 22, 36, 60 2001

36, 60

Harmony/Premium Plus Hydrex* XV All Season 2001

Hydraflo EAW 32, 46, 68 Environ* AW 32, 46, 68 2001

Hydraflo ECO 32/Premium Environ* MV 32, 46 2001

ECO 46

Hydraflo FR-C 40 Hydrex* FR-C 40 2001

Hydraflo FR-D 46 Hydrex* FR-D 46 2001

Hydraflo AW 22, 46 “D” Hydrex* DT 22, 46 2001

Hydraulic Oil AW 220 Hydrex* AW 220 2001

WAY LUBRICANTS

Accuflo DM 68, 220 Accuflo TK 68, 220 2001

GM Waylube 68 PC Waylube 68 2001

AUTOMOTIVE GEAR OILS

Syngear E 75W-90, 80W-140, TRAXON E Synthetic 75W-90, 80W-140, 2003

CD-50 CD-50

Syngear with TOS 75W-90 TRAXON Synthetic 75W-90 2003

Gearlube with TOS 75W-90, TRAXON XL Synthetic Blend 75W-90, 2003

80W-140 80W-140

Gearlube with TOS 80W-90, TRAXON 80W-90, 85W-140 2003

85W-140

PAPER MACHINE OILS

Paper Machine Oil 150, 220, SEPRO 150, 220, EP220 2002

EP220

Ashless Paper Machine Oil SEPRO XL 150, 220, 290 2002

150, 220, 290

YEAR OFFORMER REPLACEMENTS CHANGE


3

INDEX OF PRODUCT NAMES 1

COMPRESSOR FLUIDS

Compressor Oil 32, 68,100, 150 COMPRO* 32, 68, 100, 150 2004

RCF-1000 COMPRO* XL-R 2004Super Compressor Fluid32, 46, 68, 100, 150 COMPRO* XL-S 32, 46, 68, 100, 150 2004

HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS

CALFLO* FG PURITY* FG Heat Transfer Fluid 2004

NATURAL GAS ENGINE OILS

Sentinel 541C, 445, MG-40, SENTRON* 541C, 445, MG-40, 470,470, 840, CG-40 840, CG-40 2003

TRANSMISSION/DRIVE TRAIN OIL

Supertest TO-4 Synthetic AS PRODURO TO-4+ Synthetic All Season 2003

Supertest TO-4 MG Lo Temp PRODURO TO-4+ XL Synthetic Blend 2003

Lo Temp

Supertest TO-4 10W, 30, 50 PRODURO TO-4+ 10W, 30, 50 2003

COMMERCIAL (HEAVY DUTY DIESEL ENGINE) OILS

Super Plus 10W, 20W-20, 30, Duron* 10W, 20, 30, 40, 50 2000

40, 50

Super Plus, 10W-30, 15W-40 Duron* 10W-30, 15W-40 2000

Super Plus Arctic 0W-30 Duron* XL Synthetic Blend 0W-30 2000

Super Plus 10W-40 Duron* XL Synthetic Blend 10W-40 2000

Euro Canadian Gold 15W-40 Duron* XL Synthetic Blend 15W-40 2000

PASSENGER CAR MOTOR OILS

Power Plus 5W-30 Petro-Canada Synthetic Blend 5W-30 2002Arctic 0W-30 Synthetic Blend 0W-30 2002

TRANSMISSION/HYDRAULIC FLUID

Duratran All Season Duratran XL Synthetic Blend 2002



4



INDUSTRIAL GEAR OILS

Ultima Synthetic Enduratex Synthetic 2006

Ultima Plus Enduratex XL Synthetic Blend 2006

Ultima EP 68/150 Enduratex EP 2006

STEAM CYLINDER AND WORM GEAR OIL

Senate Enduratex EP 2006

TURBINE FLUIDS

AJT 5200 AJT 6000/Turbonycoil 600 2006

Super Turboflo 32, 46, 68 Turboflo 32, 46, 68 2005

Super Turboflo EP 32, EP46 Turboflo EP 32, EP 46 2005

Premium R&O 10, 22, 32, 46, Turboflo R&O 10, 22, 32, 46, 68

68, 100, 150, 220, 320 ,460 100, 150, 220, 320, 460 2005

GREASES

Precision Gold Heavy EP00 Precision Synthetic EP00 2005

Precision Gold Precision Synthetic 2005

Precison Gold Heavy Precision Synthetic Heavy 2005

Precision Gold Moly Precision Synthetic Moly 2005

Precision EP1, EP2 Precision XL EP1, EP2 2005

Steel Mill LC EP2 Precision XL Heavy Duty 2005

Precision EMB Precision XL EMB 2005

Semi-Fluid Grease EP Precision XL EP000 2005

Precision EP00 Precision XL EP00 2005

Rail Curve Grease Precision XL Rail Curve Grease 2005

Precision Moly EP1, EP2 Precision XL 3 Moly EP1, EP2 2005

Supreme Moly EP0, EP1, EP2 Precision XL 5 Moly EP0, EO1, EP2 2005

Multipurpose EP1, EP2 Precision General Purpose EP1, EP2 2005

Multiflex Moly EP2 Precision General Purpose Moly EP2 2005

Multiflex Moly Special Precision XL 3 Moly Arctic 2005

Grease OG-0, OG-1, OG-2 Peerless OG-0, OG-1, OG-2

OG (Red), OG-PLUS OG2 Red, OG PLUS 2005

Peerless LLG Grease Peerless LLG 2005

SVG102 Peerless SVG 102 2005


5



SVG-Flex Peerless XCG-Flex 2005

Vulcan Synthetic Vultrex OGL 2005

Vulcan EGF 1000 Vultrex EGF 1000 2005

Vulcan Heavy Vultrex OGL Heavy 2005

Supreme Arctic Vultrex MPG Synthetic Arctic 2005

Supreme EP1, EP2 Vultrex MPG EP1, EP2 2005

Supreme G-123, G-124 Vultrex G-123, G-124 2005

API Modified Thread Compound Vultrex API Modified Thread Compound 2005

Ardee EP000 Vultrex Rock Drill EP000 2005

Cam Compound, Light Vultrex Rolling Cam, Light 2005

Drill Rod Heavy Vultrex Drill Rod Heavy 2005

Gear Dressing EP Vultrex Gear Dressing EP 2005

Petro-Canada Gear Shield NC, P VultrexGear Shield NC, P 2005

Slide Compound, Light Vultrex Slide Compound, Light 2005

Tool Joint Compound Vultrex Tool Joint Compound 2005

CHAIN OIL

Winter Chain Oil Duratac Chain Oil 32 2005

Summer Chain Oil Duratac Chain Oil 150 (Red) 2005

Duratac 68, 100, 150 Duratac Chain Oil 68, 100, 150 2005

Non-Drip Duratac Non-Drip 2005


6

PRODUCT INDEX1

ACCUFLO TK & SS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,98AJT 6000/Turbonycoil 600 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Alternative Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175Alucut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134Aludraw 850 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134API Modified Thread Compound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Ardee Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Ardee EP 000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99ATF+4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73ATF D3M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71ATF Type F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,72Aviation Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

BIO 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

CALFLO AF, HTF, LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Chain Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Petro-Canada ATF+4® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Compressor Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106COMPRO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102COMPRO XL-S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103COMPRO XL-R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104COMPRO Synthetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104Compressor Oil RP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Con-Rel-Eze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106Cutsol, Cutsol HD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Cycloflex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Diesel Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174Dieseltonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Drill Rod Heavy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Duratac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Duratran, Duratran XL Synthetic Blend, Duratran Synthetic . . . . . . . . . . . 83,84DURON* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,55DURON* Multigrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58DURON* Single Grade Engine Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59DURON* XL Synthetic Blend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57DURON* Synthetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Dust Suppressant Fluid DSF 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Enduratex XL Synthetic Blend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108Enduratex Synthetic EP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Enduratex Mild Worm Gear (WG) Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Energol CLO-50M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Energol DL-MP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Energol DS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Energol IC-HFX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Energol OE-HT 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68ENVIRON* AW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110ENVIRON* MV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Furnace Fuel/Fuel Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

PRODUCT INDEX

Page


7

PRODUCT INDEX 1

Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Gear Dressing EP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154Gear Shield NC, P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

HARNEX* Wind Turbine Gear Oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Heavy Duty Synthetic Blend ATF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73HYDREX* AW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113HYDREX* MV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114HYDREX* XV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115HYDREX* DT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116HYDREX* Extreme-Wide Temperature Hydraulic Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Kerosene 1-K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Luminol Electrical Insulating Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Marine Diesel Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177NGS 1000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118Non-Drip Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Outboard Motor Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Paraflex HT Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169PC Waylube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98Peerless LLG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Peerless OG Grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147Peerless SVG 102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148Peerless XCG-Flex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148Petro-Canada Cleaning Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Petro-Canada Flushing Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Petro-Canada Maximum Motor Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Petro-Canada Synthetic Blend Motor Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,71Petro-Canada Supreme Motor Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Petro-Canada Synthetic Motor Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Petrochemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176Petroglide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Petroglide MC 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Petroglide XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Petrosol 3139 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176PETRO-THERM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Precision XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,144Precision Synthetic Grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Precision Synthetic Moly Grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Precision General Purpose Moly Greases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142PRODURO FD-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86PRODURO TO-4+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,86PRODURO TO-4+ XL Synthetic Blend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85PRODURO TO-4+ Synthetic All Season . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85PureDrill* Drilling Mud Base Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170PURITY FG AW Hydraulic Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164PURITY FG Chain Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157PURITY FG Clear Food Machinery Grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Page


8

1 PRODUCT INDEX

PURITY FG Compressor Lubricant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158PURITY FG Food Machinery Grease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149,150,157,159,161 PURITY FG Synthetic Food Machinery Grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150,160PURITY FG EP Gear Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162PURITY FG Extreme Food Machinery Grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161PURITY FG Synthetic EP Gear Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162PURITY FG Heat Transfer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163PURITY FG MF Aerosol Lubricant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165PURITY FG Trolley Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166PURITY FG WO White Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Ralube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Reflo Refrigeration Compressor Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126Reflo Synthetic 68A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Rotary Cooker Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Sentron* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61-64SEPRO* XL Paper Machine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Snowmobile Motor Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Specialty Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176SPX 5000, SPX 7000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128Supercut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Super Gear Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Super Vac Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Synduro SHB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Synthetic Blend ATF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,73

Tool-Joint Compound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Transicut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133TRAXON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78-82TRAXON* E Synthetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Turboflo XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122Turboflo EP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123Turboflo R&O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,125Turboflo Turbine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124Two-Cycle Motor Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Type F Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Vultrex OGL and EGF Greases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151-152Vultrex MPG Grease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Vultrex Specialty Grease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154VHVI Specialty Base Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Page


9

PRODUCT INDEX 1


PRODUCT APPLICATION INDEX

10

1 PRODUCT APPLICATION INDEX

PETRO-CANADA PageAPPLICATION LUBRICANT No.

Air Compressor Oil COMPRO 102 COMPRO XL-R 104COMPRO XL-S 103COMPRO Synthetic 104

Air-Line Oil Ardee Oil 99HYDREX *AW 113

Allison C-4 Fluid DURATRAN 83,84 DURATRAN XL Synthetic Blend 83,84 DURATRAN Synthetic 83,84 DURON*, DURON* XL 54-60 Synthetic Blend ATF 71 PRODURO TO-4+ 85,86

Ammonia RefrigerationCompressor Oil REFLO 46A, 68A 126,127

Automatic Transmission Fluid ATF, Type F 71,72 Heavy Duty Synthetic Blend ATF 73Synthetic Blend ATF 71

Automatic Grease Lubrication Precision XL EP00 143 System Precision Synthetic, Synthetic Moly 145

Precision XL EP000 143 Precision XL 3 Moly Arctic 144Peerless OG-0 147Precision General Purpose EP 142Precision General Purpose Moly EP 142Precision XL EP00 143

Automotive Gear Oil PRODURO FD-1 86TRAXON* 78-82TRAXON* E Synthetic 82

Automotive/Wheel Bearing Grease Precision EP1, EP2 142,143 Precision Synthetic Heavy EP00 146Precision Synthetic 145Precision General Purpose EP1, EP2 142Grease OG1, OG2 147

Ball Mill Lubricant Gear Shield NC, P 154Bandsaw Oil Petroglide MC 32 120

Barium Grease Drill Rod Heavy Grease 155Base Oil Paraflex HT 169

Cycloflex 170 Bearing Lubricant Peerless Grease OG’s 147

Peerless LLG Grease 146 Precision Greases 142-146Precision General Purpose Moly Grease 142Precision General Purpose Grease 142Synduro SHB* 131Turboflo XL 122 Turboflo R&O 124

Biodegradable Oil BIO 40 100Environ* MV32 111

Chain Saw Oil Chain Oil 107Chassis/King Pin/5th Wheel Grease Precision XL 3 Moly EP1, EP2 143



Circulating Oil SEPRO* XL 129Hydrex* AW 113Turboflo R&O 124Turboflo 124

Commercial Motor Oil DURON* 54 DURON* XL Synthetic Blend 57,58,59Dieseltonic 61

Concrete Form Oil Con-Rel-Eze 106Conveyor Chain Oil Chain Oil 107

PURITY FG Chain Fluid 157Coupling Greases Peerless XCG-Flex 148

Precision XL EP2 143,144Cutting Oil Alucut 134

Cutsol, Cutsol HD 135Supercut 133 Transicut 133

Diamond Drill Lubricant Drill Rod Heavy Grease 155,156Diesel Engine Oil DURON*, 54,57,58,59

DURON* XL Synthetic Blend 55,57 DURON* Synthetic 55,56Dieseltonic 61 Energol 67,68,69 Ralube 66

Drilling Compound API Modified Thread Compound 155Tool Joint Compound 155Drill Rod Heavy Grease 155

Drilling Mud Fluid PureDrill* IA-35 170PureDrill* HT-40 170

Dripless Lubricant Non-Drip Oil 107Duratac Chain Oil 150 107

Dust Suppressant Fluid DSF 65 171 Electric Motor Bearing Greases Precision XL EMB 143

Electrical Insulating Fluid Luminol TR, Luminol TRi 117 Peerless LLG 146,147 Peerless OG 2 147

Engine Oil DURON* 54-60 DURON* XL Synthetic Blend 57 DURON* Synthetic 56Dieseltonic 61Petro-Canada Synthetic 50 Petro-Canada Maximum 53 Petro-Canada Supreme 52 Petro-Canada Synthetic Blend 51,71 Sentron 61-64 Ralube 66 Energol 67-69 Outboard 88Snowmobile 87 Two Cycle 87

11

PRODUCT APPLICATION INDEX 1



Food Grade Greases PURITY FG Food Machinery Grease149,150,157,159,161

PURITY FG Synthetic Food Machinery Grease 150,160PURITY FG EXTREME FoodMachinery Grease 161PURITY FG CLEAR FoodMachinery Grease 161

Food Grade Lubricant PURITY FG AW Hydraulic Fluid 164PURITY FG Chain Fluid 157 PURITY FG Compressor Fluid 158PURITY FG EP Gear Fluid 162 PURITY FG Heat Transfer Fluid 163PURITY FG Synthetic Gear Fluid 162 PURITY FG Trolley Fluid 166PURITY FG WO White Oils 167

Gas Engine Oil Sentron 61-64Gas Turbine Oil AJT 6000/Turbonycoil 600 99

Turboflo R&O 32, 46, 68, 77 125Turboflo XL 122

Gear Greases Gear Dressing EP 154Gear Shield NC, P 154 Precision XL EP000 143

Gear Oil HARNEX* Wind Turbine Gear OIl 112TRAXON* 78-82PURITY FG EP Gear Fluid; 162 PURITY FG Synthetic Gear Fluid 162Super Gear Fluid 130Synduro SHB* 131TRAXON* E Synthetic 82 Enduratex EP 108Enduratex XL Synthetic Blend 108

General Purpose Lubricant Turboflo R&O 124Heat Transfer Fluid CALFLO 101

PETRO-THERM 121PURITY FG Heat Transfer Fluid 163

High Speed Coupling Grease Peerless XCG-Flex 148 High Temperature Bearing Oil Turboflo 124

High Temperature Greases Peerless LLG 146,147 PURITY FG Synthetic Food

Machinery Grease 160,168 Hydraulic Oil Hydrex* AW 113

Hydrex* Extreme-Wide 116Hydrex* MV 114 Hydrex* XV 115 Hydrex* DT 116 Environ* AW, MV 110,111PURITY FG AW Hydraulic Fluid 164

Hydrocarbon Compressor Oil Compressor Oil RP 105SPX 5000, SPX 7000 128NGS 1000 118

12




Industrial Bearing Grease Precision EP1, EP2 143,144 Precision General Purpose EP1, EP2 142 Peerless OG-1, OG-2 147,148

Industrial Gear Oil Enduratex EP 108 Enduratex XL Synthetic Blend 108 Enduratex Synthetic 108Super Gear Fluid 130Synduro SHB* 131PURITY FG EP Gear Fluid 162PURITY FG Synthetic Gear Fluid 162

Industrial Process Oil Paraflex HT 169Cycloflex 170

Journal Bearing Oil Duratac 107Hydrex* AW 113Turboflo R&O 125

Leaky Bearing/Gear Case Precision XL EP000 143Lubricant PURITY FG 00 Grease 159,168

Locomotive Diesel Engine Oil Ralube 66 Low Temperature Greases Precision General Purpose EP00 142

Precision XL 3 Moly Arctic 144 Precision General Purpose Moly 142 Precision Synthetic 145 Precision Synthetic Moly 145

Marine Diesel Engine Oil Energol 67-69Marine Grease Peerless OG’s 147

Medium-Speed Diesel Engine Oil Ralube 66Mineral Oil Paraflex HT 169

Cycloflex 170 Mining Specialty Lubricants Ardee EP 000 99

Precision XL EP000 143,144 Precision General Purpose Moly 142

Motor Oil DURON* 54 DURON* XL Synthetic Blend 57 DURON* Synthetic 56Dieseltonic 61 Petro-Canada Synthetic Blend 51 Petro-Canada Maximum 53Petro-Canada Supreme 52 Petro-Canada Synthetic 50 Ralube 66Outboard 88 Snowmobile 87 Two Cycle 87

Multi-Service Greases Precision General Purpose EP1, EP2 142 Precision XL EP1, EP2 143,144Peerless OG1,OG2 147,148Precision Synthetic 145

Natural Gas Engine Oil Sentron 61-64Neat Cutting Oil Alucut 134

Supercut 133Transicut 133

13



Open Gear Lubricants Gear Dressing EP 154Gear Shield NC, P 154

Outboard Engine Oil Outboard Motor Oil 88 Paper Machine Lubricants SEPRO* XL 129

Peerless OG 2 147Precision Synthetic Heavy 146Precision XL EP2 143,144

Penetrating Oil Con-Rel-Eze 40, 60 106 Premium Greases Precision, Precision Synthetic 145, 146

Precision Moly, Synthetic Moly 145, 146Peerless OG 147Peerless LLG 146,147

Reciprocating Compressor Oil COMPRO XL-R 104Refrigeration Oil REFLO 126

Rock Drill Lubricants Ardee Oil 99 Ardee EP 000 Grease 99

Rotary Cooker Oil Rotary Cooker Fluid 127 Rust Prevention Oil Duratac Chain Oil 150 107

Con-Rel-Eze 106 Non-Drip Oil 107

Saw Guide Oil Petroglide 120 Service Station Oil Petro-Canada Synthetic Blend 51

Petro-Canada Maximum 53 Petro-Canada Supreme 52 Petro-Canada Synthetic 50

Single Point Lubrication Greases Precision XL EP2 143,144 Precision Synthetic 145 Precision General Purpose Moly EP2 142

Slide Cam Lubricant Slide Cam Compounds 154 Snowmobile Engine Oil Snowmobile Motor Oil 87

Soluble Cutting Oil Cutsol, Cutsol HD 135 Special Application Greases Peerless OG’s 147

Peerless LLG 146Precision Synthetic Heavy, Synthetic Heavy EP00 146Peerless SVG 102 148 Peerless XCG-Flex 148 Ardee EP 000 99Precision XL 3 Moly Arctic 144

Stationary Jet Turbine Fluid AJT 6000/Turbonycoil 600 99Steam Turbine Oil Turboflo 122-124

Turboflo R&O 32, 46, 68, 77 124 Synthetic Grease All Precision Synthetics 145, 146

Synthetic Oil/Fluid AJT 6000/Turbonycoil 600 99 Compressor Cleaner 106 DURON* XL Synthetic Blend

15W-40, 10W-40, 0W-30 57 DURON* Synthetic 56 NGS 1000 118


14



Synthetic Blend ATF 71 Petro-Canada Synthetic Blend 51 Petro-Canada Synthetic 50SPX 5000, SPX 7000 128 Synduro SHB* 131 Super Gear Fluid 130 TRAXON* 78 TRAXON* E Synthetic 82

Tractor Transmission Duratran 83 Hydraulic Fluid Duratran XL Synthetic Blend 83

Duratran Synthetic 83 Transformer Oil Luminol TR, Luminol TRi 117

Transmission Fluid ATF, Type F 71Duratran 83 Duratran XL Synthetic Blend 83Duratran Synthetic 83 DURON* 54 DURON* XL Synthetic Blend 57 DURON* Synthetic 56Synthetic Blend ATF 71 PRODURO TO-4+ 85,86TRAXON* E Synthetic CD-50 82

Two Cycle Engine Oil Outboard Motor Oil 88Snowmobile Motor Oil 87 Two Cycle Motor Oil 87

Vacuum Pump Oil Super Vac Fluid 131 Valve Grease Peerless SVG 102 Grease 148

Walking Cam Lubricants Slide Cam Compounds, Cam Compounds 154

Water Resistant/Tolerant Greases Peerless OG-0, OG-1, OG-2, OG-2 (PC Red) 147Precision XL EP1, EP2 143,144Precision General Purpose EP1, EP2 142Peerless LLG 146

Way Lubricant ACCUFLO TK, SS, Waylube 68 97,98 White Mineral Process Fluid PURITY FG WO 167

Wide Temperature Range Hydrex* MV 114 Hydraulic Oil Hydrex* XV 115

Environ* MV 111Wire Drawing Oil Aludraw 850 134

Worm Gear Oil Synduro SHB* 131


15



1


17

1SUBJECT INDEX

Additives– Engine Oils 35

AGMA Numbers 91Air Compressor Oils 102-104Allison C-4 Fluids 70,71,73,84,85Antiwear Agents 35API Gravity/

Density Table 194API Service Classifications

– Engine Oils 38– Gear Oils 75

Applying Grease 141Ash Content 179ASTM Blending Chart 192Automatic Transmission

Fluids 70-73Automotive Lubricants

– Additives 35– API Service

Classifications 38,76– API Symbol 46– Automatic Transmission

Fluids 70-73– Energy Conserving

Classification 46– Engine Oils 50-69– Gear Oils 74-75– Greases 137-156– SAE Viscosity

Classifications 37– Two-Cycle Oils 87

Ball Mill Lubricant 154Bandsaw Oil 120Base Oils 169,170Base Oils, specialty 169,170

Base Oil Classification 21Base Oil Manufacture 21Bearing Lubrication 139Benefits of HT Purity Process

– Base Oils 25– Finished Lubricants 26

Biodegradable Hydraulic Oil 100Blending Chart 192Brookfield Viscosity 180Boundary Lubrication 180

Carbon Residue 180Channelling 181Charts and Conversion

Tables 187-203Circulating Oils 113,124,129Colour Scale

– ASTM 195– Union 195– N.P.A. Descriptions 195– Table of Equivalents 196-203

Common Terms 179-186Comparison

– HT Purity Processvs. Solvent Refining 25,26

Compounded Oil 181Compatibility of Greases 140Compressor Cleaner 106Compressor Oils

– Air 102-104– Hydrocarbon 118,128– Natural Gas 105– Rotary Screw 103– Reciprocating 104

Complex Grease 137,143Concrete Form Oil 106Conveyor Chain Oil 107,157Corrosion Inhibitors 35Coupling Grease 143,144,148Cummins 20071 45Cummins 20072 45Cummins 20076 45Cutting Oils 132-135Cylindrical Tanks

– Quantity and Depth 203

Page Page

SUBJECT INDEX


Page Page

Detergents 35,173Detroit Diesel Engine

Oil Requirements 44Demulsibility 25,181Diesel Engine Oils

– High-Speed 68– Locomotive 66– Low-Speed 68-69– Marine 67– Medium-Speed 66,67– Two-Cycle 61

Dispersants 35Drilling Compounds 155Drilling Mud Fluids 170

Dripless Lubricants 107Dropping Point 181

Dust Suppressant Fluid 171

Electric-MotorBearing Grease 143

Engine Oils– Additives 35– API Energy Conserving 46– API Service Classification 38– API Symbol 46– Commercial 57,59,60– Functions 29– Heavy-Duty 54– ILSAC Classification 47– Locomotive 66– Marine 67– Multigrade 38,50-53,58– Natural Gas 61-65– Passenger Car 50-53– SAE Viscosity Classification 37– Service Station 50– Single Grade 38– Used Oil Analysis 47

Engler Viscosity 186Extreme Pressure Agents 182

Flash Point 182Finished Lubricants

– Benefits of HT Purity Process 26

Foam Depressants 36Food Grade Greases 159-161,158Food Grade Lubricants 157-158,

162-163,166-167Four Ball Tests 182Friction Modifiers 36Fuel & Refinery Products 173-176

Gas Engine Oils 61-65Gas Turbine Oils 99,122,124,125Gear Oils

– AGMA Classification 91– API Service Classification 76– Automotive 74– Enclosed 122,127– Industrial 122,127– Mack GO-J 77– Mack GO-J Plus 77– SAE Viscosity Classification 75– Synthetic 79-82,162

General Purpose Lubricant 124,125Glossary of Terms 179Grease

– Application 141– Automotive Service

Classification 139– Compatibility 140– Definitions 138– Properties 140– Shelf Life 141

Handy Conversion Chartsand Tables 187-203

Heat Transfer Fluid 101,119,163Heavy Duty Engine Oils 54High Temperature Grease 146,160Hydraulic Oils 110-116,164Hydrocracking 183Hydrodynamic Lubrication 183HT Severe Hydrocracking

Process 23,24Hydroisomerization 24Hydrotreating 183

Industrial Greases 142-156Industrial Lubricants 89-135Industrial Process Fluids 169,170

18

1 SUBJECT INDEX


Introduction 1ILSAC Certification Symbol 47ISO 9001 27ISO 14001 27ISO Viscosity Classification 90

John Deere, J20C, J20D Tests 84

Kinematic Viscosity 90,93Kosher 150,168

Leaky Gear Case Lubricant 154,159Limited Slip Differentials 77Locomotive Diesel Engine Oil 66Lubricants Handling/Storage 94-96Lubricant Vapour Pressure

– Table 195LubriTest Oil Analysis 47

Machine Tool Lubricant 97Mack EO-M 44Mack EO-M Plus 44Mack GO-J 77Mack GO-J Plus 77Marine Diesel Engine Lubricants 67-69Maximum Viscosities 187Medium-Speed Diesel

Engine Oil 66Metalworking Oils 132-135Mineral Oil 169,170Minimum Viscosities 187

NLGI Automotive GreaseService Categories 139

NLGI Grease Grades 138Natural Gas Engine Oils 61Neat Cutting Oils 132-135Neutralization Number 183

Oil Classification Systems 37Optimum Viscosities 187Outboard Motor Oil 88Oxidation 184Oxidation Inhibitors 35,184Oxidation Resistance 26

Paper Machine Oil 129Pareve 150,168Passenger Car Motor Oils 50-53

Penetration Oil 106Penetration Number 138Petro-Canada Lubricants

– Quality Statement (ii)– Guarantee (iii)

Petro-Canada’s Patented HT Purity Process 21

Pour Point 86Pour Point Depressants 36Premium Gear Lubricant 130Premium Greases 143Premium Steam Turbine Oil 122Process Fluids 169-172Product Application Index 10-15Product Shelf Life

– Lubricating Oils 95,96– Grease 141

QS-9000 27Quality Assurance 27Quick-Mix Chart 88

Reciprocating Compressor Oil 104Redwood Viscosity 186Refrigeration Lubricant 126Rock Drill Lubricant 99Rotary Cooker Oil 127Rust Prevention Oil 106,107Rust Inhibitors 35,185SAE Viscosity Classification 37Chain Saw Oil 107Saw Guide Oil 120Saybolt Viscosity 186Service Station Oils 50-53Snowmobile Motor Oil 87Solvent Refining Process 22Soluble Cutting Oils 134Specialty Base Fluids 169Stationary Jet Turbine Fluid 99Steam Turbine Fluid 122Synthetic Grease 145,146Synthetic Fluids 50,51,56,57,60,

99,106,128

Temperature ConversionTables 196,197

Page Page

19

SUBJECT INDEX 1


20

SUBJECT INDEX1

Thermal Stability 26Timken OK Load 186Tractor Transmission

Hydraulic Fluid 83,84Transformer Oil 117Transmission/Drive-Train Oil 85Transmission Fluids 70Trolley Fluid 166Two Base Oil Blending

Chart 193Two-Cycle Engine Oils 88

– Quick-Mix Chart 88

U.S.P. Mineral Oil 167Used Oil Analysis 47-49

Vacuum Pump Oil 131Valve Grease 148Viscosity 186

– AGMA System 91– Comparison 92

– Equivalents 93– Engler 186– Industrial Oil Classification 90– ISO System 90– Kinematic 90,93– Redwood 186– SAE System 37,75,93– Saybolt 90,93– Stability 26

Viscosity Index 21,24,25,186Viscosity Index Improvers 36

Way Lubricant 97White Oil 167Wide Temperature

Hydraulic Oil 111,114,115Wire Drawing Oil 134Worm Gear Oil 109,131

Page Page


21

2

HT PURITY PROCESS

PETRO-CANADA AND THE PATENTED HT PURITY PROCESS

BASE OIL MANUFACTURE

Lubricant base oils are produced in a series of steps which are designed toenhance certain desirable properties. For paraffinic oils, these include viscosityindex, oxidation resistance, thermal stability and low temperature fluidity.

Starting from petroleum crude oil, the typical process for making a lubricantbase oil is as follows:• Separation of lighter boiling materials, such as gasoline, diesel, etc.• Distillation to give desired base oil viscosity grades• Selective removal of impurities, such as aromatics and polar compounds• Dewaxing to improve low temperature fluidity• Finishing to improve oxidation resistance and heat stability

Generally both Solvent Refined and Hydrocracked base oils are manufacturedthis way, but differ in the processes used.

BASE OIL CLASSIFICATION

Before reviewing how base oil is manufactured, we should explain theAmerican Petroleum Institute’s (API) Base Oil Classification system. Forengine oils, the API system classifies base oils into five major groups, asshown below:

API Base Oil Characteristics ManufacturingGroup Sulphur Saturates Viscosity Index Method

Wt, % Wt, % VII > 0.03 < 90 80-119 Solvent RefinedII < 0.03 > 90 80-119 HydroprocessedIII < 0.03 > 90 120 + Severely HydroprocessedIV Polyalpha Olefins (PAOs) OligomerizationV Other Base Oils Various

Group I, or conventional base oils manufactured by Solvent Refining, make upmost of the base oil produced in the world today. Containing more than 0.03 wt % Sulphur and less than 90 wt % Saturates, they are less pure thanHydroprocessed or Synthetic base oils. While these groups were originallyintended to be used for engine oils, their usage has expanded beyond thisarea.

Group II and III base oils are manufactured by what the API calls Hydro-processing or Severe Hydroprocessing. These are just other names for Petro-Canada’s Patented HT Purity Process. With Sulphur contents of lessthan 0.03 wt % and Saturates contents of more than 90 wt %, they are morepure than Group I base oils.


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HT PURITY PROCESS

SOLVENT REFINING PROCESS

Initially, light oils such as gasoline, diesel, etc., are separated from crudepetroleum by atmospheric distillation. The resulting material is charged to avacuum distillation tower, where lubricant fractions of specific viscosity rangesare taken off. These fractions are then treated individually in a solventextraction tower. A solvent such as furfural is mixed with them and extractsabout 70-85% of the aromatic material present. The solvent extracted lubefraction is then dewaxed by chilling to a low temperature, which removes muchof the wax. This improves the low temperature fluidity of the product. Finally,the dewaxed lube fractions are sometimes finished to improve their colour andstability, depending on the application requirements. One common method offinishing is mild hydrofinishing. This step should not be confused withPetro-Canada’s Patented HT Purity Process, as conditions oftemperature and pressure in hydrofinishing are mild and less effective. TheAPI classifies the products of Solvent Refining as Group I base oils.

Atmospheric / VacuumDistillation

Solvent Extraction

Solvent Dewaxing

Gas Oil

Solvent

Lube Fractions

Competitions' Solvent Refining/Extraction Process

CRUDE OIL

CONVENTIONALBASE OIL

(70-85% PURE)

500ml

400ml

300ml

200ml

100ml


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HT PURITY PROCESS

2


Hydrogen

Gas Oil

CRUDE OIL

Dewaxing

AtmosphericDistillation

VacuumDistillation

High PressureHydroTreater

Hydrocracker

Hydrogen

Wax

ULTRA PUREHT BASE OIL

(99.9% PURE)

Petro-Canada Two-Stage Severe Hydrocracking Process

500ml

400ml

300ml

200ml

100ml

PETRO-CANADA’S HT SEVERE HYDROCRACKING PROCESS

In Petro-Canada’s HT Severe Hydrocracking process, the elimination ofaromatics and polar compounds is achieved by reacting the feedstock withhydrogen, in the presence of a catalyst at high temperatures and pressures.

Several different reactions occur in this process, the principal ones being:• Removal of polar compounds, containing sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen• Conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons to saturated cyclic hydrocarbons• Breaking up of heavy polycyclo-paraffins to lighter saturated hydrocarbons

These reactions take place at temperatures as high as 400°C , pressuresaround 3000 psi and in the presence of a catalyst. The hydrocarbonmolecules that are formed are very stable and this makes them ideal for useas lubricant base oils. They are classified by the API as Group II base oils.

There are two stages in the Petro-Canada Severe Hydrocracking process.The first one removes unwanted polar compounds and converts the aromaticcomponents to saturated hydrocarbons. After separation into desired viscositygrades by vacuum distillation, batches of waxy lube base oil are chill dewaxed.These are then passed through a second high pressure hydro-treater foradditional saturation. This final step maximizes base oil stability, by removingthe last traces of aromatic and polar molecules.


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HT PURITY PROCESS

HT SEVERE HYDROCRACKING/HYDROISOMERIZATION

In 1996, Petro-Canada completed a new base oil manufacturing unit to run inparallel with its existing base oil plant. This new unit utilizes the HT SevereHydrocracking process, but replaces the chill dewaxing step with the moremodern and efficient wax conversion process .... HydroIsomerization.

The HydroIsomerization process employs a special catalyst to selectivelyisomerize wax (n-paraffin mixture) to high VI, low pour point, iso-paraffiniclube oil. The process yields base oils with higher VIs and improved yields,compared to previous conventional dewaxing techniques. The process iscapable of giving 130 VI base fluids, in a single pass. More usually, it is set upto produce high viscosity index (Group II) base oils with VIs ranging from 95 to105 or unconventional (Group II+ and III) base fluids with VIs ranging from 115to 130. A further process feature is the flexibility it offers to produce base oilswith ultra low pour points .... lower than - 25°C.

Petro-Canada employs HydroIsomerization dewaxing in conjunction with HTSevere Hydrocracking and as a result its base oils have the following attractivefeatures:

• Very High Viscosity Index (100 to 130)• Low Volatility• Excellent Oxidation Resistance• High Thermal Stability• Excellent Low Temperature Fluidity• Low Toxicity

These features give performance characteristics very similar to lubricantsbased on poly-alpha-olefin (PAO), a type of synthetic.

SYNTHETIC BASE FLUID(99.9% PURE)


Gas Oil

CRUDE OIL

AtmosphericDistillation

High PressureHydroTreater

HydroIsomerizationWax Conversion

HydrocrackerVacuum

Distillation

Hydrogen Hydrogen

Wax

Hydrogen

Petro-Canada Two-Stage Severe Hydrocracking/HydroIsomerization Process

500ml

400ml

300ml

200ml

100ml


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HT PURITY PROCESS

COMPARISON OF THE PRODUCTS OF PATENTED HTPURITY PROCESS AND SOLVENT REFINING

• BASE OILS

There are significant differences in certain characteristics between HTSeverely Hydrocracked and Solvent Refined base oils. The main reason forthe difference lies in the virtual elimination of aromatic molecules (less than0.5%) in our HT Purity Process. HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils aretermed “99.5+% Pure”. In comparison, the aromatics content of SolventRefined oils is somewhere between 10-30% so Solvent Refined base oils areconsiderably less pure.

Characteristic Significant Difference

COLOUR HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils are clear and colourless

VISCOSITY INDEX HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils have high VIs so they ‘thin-out’ less at high temperatures.

OXIDATION RESISTANCE HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils respond very well to anti-oxidants and so have superior resistance to oxidation and a longer lubricant life in finished products.

THERMAL STABILITY HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils have verygood resistance to heat.

CARBON RESIDUE HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils produce low residues.

DEMULSIBILITY HT Severely Hydrocracked oils separate readily from water.

LOW TOXICITY HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils have low toxicity, due to a virtual absence of impurities. Petro-Canada White Oils are pure enough to be used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

BIODEGRADABILITY HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils have biodegradability characteristics.


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HT PURITY PROCESS

• FINISHED LUBRICANTS

Finished lubricants blended from Petro-Canada HT Severely Hydrocrackedbase oils are superior to lubricants blended from Solvent Refined base oils inseveral areas. These include:• Viscosity Stability• Oxidation Resistance• Thermal Stability• Reduced Environmental Impact

• VISCOSITY STABILITY

In service, Petro-Canada HT Severely Hydrocracked lubricants do not‘thicken-up’, i.e. increase in viscosity, as much as Solvent Refined lubricants.This is especially valuable for automatic transmission fluids, where consistentshift characteristics depend on viscosity stability. This feature also contributesto greater fuel efficiency in motor oils and reduced power consumption fromindustrial lubricants.

• OXIDATION RESISTANCE

Finished lubricants based on Petro-Canada HT Severely Hydrotreated basestocks show a superior resistance to oxidation compared to Solvent Refinedlubricants. This allows them to be used at higher temperatures or for longertime periods than Solvent Refined lubricants. Petro-Canada’s unique line ofproducts, such as COMPRO XL-S Compressor Fluid, TURBOFLO Fluid, etc.are based upon this valuable property.

• THERMAL STABILITY

Petro-Canada HT Severely Hydrocracked lubricants demonstrate excellentthermal stability. This leads to reduced deposits and cleaner equipmentinternals, compared to Solvent Refined lubricants. Petro-Canada product linesthat exploit this feature include CALFLO Heat Transfer Fluid, COMPRO XL-SCompressor Fluid, Automatic Transmission Fluid, etc.

• REDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Petro-Canada HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils have very low toxicity andbiodegrade faster than Solvent Refined lubricants of comparable viscosity, dueto a virtual absence of impurities. When carefully formulated with selectedadditives, these features are preserved in finished lubricants. Applicationswhere these features may be found include:- Petro-Canada PURITY FG FoodGrade Lubricants, ENVIRON MV Hydraulic Oil, PARAFLEX HT Fluids,SEPRO* XL, etc.


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HT PURITY PROCESS

QUALITY ASSURANCE – SECOND TO NONE IN THE WORLD

ISO 9001 REGISTRATION

ISO 9001 is the global standard for documenting quality control throughout an entiremanufacturing and business process. It is administered by the International Organi-zation for Standardization (ISO), a Swiss based organization that sets rigid stan-dards for a very wide range of products and services.

ISO 9001 is an international standard that adopts a process approach to qualitymanagement and business. It promotes a focus on customer quality requirements,enhancing customer satisfaction, and achieving continual improvement through theuse of setting measurable objectives and targets.

Petro-Canada Lubricants earned the distinction of being the first lubricants manufac-turer in North America to be ISO 9001 registered. To be registered, the ISO 9001process requires a thorough inspection of a company’s production and control sys-tems by an independent registrar. Stringent audits are conducted to ensure detailedprocedures are rigidly adhered to and all products are manufactured consistently inaccordance with established standards. Following registration, twice yearly auditsare conducted by the registrar to ensure ongoing compliance and improvement.

ISO/TS 16949 REGISTRATION

In March 1997, Petro-Canada became the first Canadian lubricant manufacturer toreceive QS9000 certification. Developed by Chrysler, Ford, General Motors, and theNorth American truck manufacturers, the goal of QS9000 was the creation of funda-mental quality systems to provide continuous improvement with an emphasis ondefect prevention and the reduction of variation and waste in the supply chain.

In October 2002, Petro-Canada Lubricants opened the door to the global market bybeing the first lubricants manufacturer in the world to be registered to ISO/TS 16949.This new global standard, which replaces QS9000, is designed for third party suppli-ers to the automotive companies. This strongly demonstrates Petro-Canada’s abilityto continuously improve our quality system. ISO/TS 16949 was jointly developed byISO and the IATF (International Automobile Task Force) and contains all require-ments of ISO 9001 and additional automotive requirements.

ISO 14001

ISO 14001 is an internationally recognized approach to Environmental Management.It is a disciplined approach to identification, prioritization, and management of envi-ronmental impacts resulting from business operations, and as member of the ISOfamily of International Standards, provides a consistent set of operating guidelines.

ISO 14001 differs fundamentally from ISO/TS 16949 and ISO 9001. Whilethese programs provide guidelines to address customer needs and expecta-tions in terms of quality of product/service, ISO 14001 focuses on the protec-tion of the natural environment and protecting people from environmentalimpacts. It is more rigorous than the environmental elements prescribed inPetro-Canada’s TLM Standard.

Petro-Canada Lubricants has chosen ISO 14001 as the foundation for itsEnvironmental Management System due to its wide recognition and globalacceptance. ISO 14001 principles are in line with Petro-Canada’s internalTotal Loss Management philosophy.


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AUTOMOTIVE LUBRICANTS


Automotive equipment is the largest user of lubricants and the steadyimprovement of this equipment can only be maintained with the continuedclose association with leading lubricant manufacturers, such as Petro-Canada.Operators of automotive equipment have come to expect high quality andreliable performance from today’s automotive lubricants.

Petro-Canada is committed to maintaining its leadership in automotivelubricant quality, by continued R&D effort to develop new and improvedproducts. Researchers at our Lubricants Centre are continually working onproducts in the lab and in the field with commercial equipment. Petro-Canadakeeps in close contact with all the car, truck, engine and other equipmentmanufacturers as well as with our customers. Our goal is to meet the everchanging needs of the market.

ENGINE OIL FUNCTIONSA modern engine oil has been carefully developed by engineers and chemiststo perform several important functions. The efficient operation of an enginedepends on the oil doing the following:

� Permit easy starting� Lubricate engine parts and prevent wear� Reduce friction� Protect against rust and corrosion� Keep engine parts clean� Reduce combustion chamber deposits� Fight soot� Cool engine parts� Seal combustion pressures� Be non-foaming

� Permit Easy StartingThe ease of starting an engine depends not only on the condition of thebattery, ignition and fuel quality, but also on the flow properties of the motoroil. If the oil is too viscous or heavy at starting temperatures, it will imposeenough drag on the moving parts that the engine cannot be cranked fastenough to start promptly and keep running.

Since cold temperatures thicken all oils, an oil for winter use must be thinenough to permit adequate cranking speeds at the lowest anticipatedtemperature. It must also be fluid enough to quickly flow to the bearings toprevent wear. In addition, the oil must be thick enough, when the enginereaches normal operating temperatures, to provide adequate protection.

The characteristic of an oil which determines ease of cranking is its viscosity atthe cranking temperature. Viscosity is a measure of the oil’s resistance to flow.This resistance, or fluid friction, keeps the oil from being squeezed out frombetween engine surfaces when they are moving under load or pressure. Resis-tance to motion or flow is a function of the molecular structure of the oil. Since itis this resistance that is responsible for most of the drag put on the starter duringcranking, it is important to use an oil with viscosity characteristics that ensuresatisfactory cranking, proper oil circulation, and high temperature protection.


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The effect of temperature on viscosity varies widely with different types of oil.For this reason, a standard has been developed for measuring the amount ofviscosity change with temperature change. This standard is called the ViscosityIndex (V.l.). An oil with a high viscosity index is one that shows less change inviscosity with temperature. Today, through the use of new refining methods andspecial chemical additives, there are many high viscosity index engine oils thatare light enough for easy cranking at low temperatures and still be heavyenough to perform satisfactorily at high temperatures.

These oils with high viscosity indexes are known as “multi-grade” oils. Oftenthey are also called by names that imply all-season usage since they performsatisfactorily in both winter and summer. Multi-grade oils are most often recommended by vehicle manufacturers.

� Lubricate and Prevent WearOnce an engine is started, the oil must circulate promptly and lubricate allmoving surfaces to prevent the metal-to-metal contact that would result inwear, scoring, or seizure of engine parts. Oil films on bearings and cylinderwalls are sensitive to movement, pressure and oil supply. These films must becontinually replenished by adequate flow and proper oil distribution.

As mentioned earlier, the viscosity of an oil must be low enough at the startingtemperature to permit rapid cranking and starting, and high enough at peakoperating temperatures to ensure adequate engine protection.

Once the oil reaches the moving parts its function is to lubricate and preventwear of the moving surfaces. Lubrication engineers describe several classesof lubrication.

Full-film or hydrodynamic lubrication occurs when the moving surfaces arecontinuously separated by a film of oil. The determining factor in keepingthese parts separated is the viscosity of the oil at its operating temperature.The viscosity must remain high enough to prevent metal-to-metal contact.Since the metals do not make contact in full-film lubrication, wear is negligibleunless the separated parts are scratched by particles thicker than the oil filmitself. Crankshaft bearings, as well as connecting rods, camshaft, and pistonpins, normally operate with full-film lubrication.

Under some conditions, it is impossible to maintain a continuous oil filmbetween moving parts and there is intermittent metal-to-metal contactbetween the high spots on sliding surfaces. Lubrication engineers call thisboundary lubrication. Under these circumstances, the load is only partiallysupported by the oil film. The oil film is ruptured resulting in significant metal-to-metal contact. When this occurs, the friction generated between thesurfaces can produce enough heat to cause one or both of the metals incontact to melt and weld together. Unless counteracted by proper additivetreatment, the result is either immediate seizure or the tearing apart androughening of the surfaces.

Boundary lubrication conditions always exist during engine starting and oftenduring the operation of a new or rebuilt engine. Boundary lubrication is alsofound around the top piston ring where oil supply is limited, temperatures arehigh, and a reversal of piston motion occurs.


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� Reduce FrictionUnder full-film lubrication conditions, a thick film of oil prevents metal-to-metalcontact between moving engine parts. Relative movement of these lubricatedparts requires enough force to overcome the fluid friction of the lubricant. Theviscosity of the oil should be high enough to maintain an unbroken film, butshould not be higher than necessary, since this increases the amount of forcerequired to overcome this fluid friction.

Car manufacturers specify proper oil viscosity ranges according to expectedambient temperatures. This is to ensure that the lubricant will provideadequate, but not excessive, viscosity at normal operating conditions. Whenoil becomes contaminated, its viscosity changes. With soot, dirt, oxidation, orsludge, viscosity increases; with fuel dilution it decreases. Both directions ofviscosity change are potentially harmful to the engine. For this reason,contaminant levels in motor oil must be kept low. This can be bestaccomplished by changing the oil and filter at proper intervals.

The amount and type of chemical additives is important for reducing frictionunder the extreme pressure conditions of boundary lubrication. The properbalance of the total additive system in a modern motor oil is critical if alllubrication conditions of an engine are to be satisfied. The oil formulator canachieve this balance of motor oil compounding only through much research,with emphasis on proof-testing in actual engines, both in the laboratory and infield service.

� Protect Against Rust and CorrosionUnder ideal conditions, fuel burns to form carbon dioxide and water. For a vari-ety of reasons, a gasoline or diesel engine does not burn the fuel completely.Some of the partially burned gasoline or diesel fuel undergoes complexchemical changes during combustion and, under some conditions, forms soot orcarbon. Some of this soot and partially burned fuel escapes through theexhaust in the form of black smoke or foul smelling odors, particularly when thefuel-air mixture is extremely rich or cylinder misfiring occurs. That part of sootand unburned fuel which escapes past the rings and into the crankcase tends tocombine with water to form sludge and varnish deposits on critical engine parts.Sludge buildup may clog oil passages which reduces oil flow. Varnish buildupinterferes with proper clearances, restricts oil circulation and causes vital engineparts to stick and malfunction. The result can be rapid engine failure.For each gallon of fuel burned in an engine, more than one gallon of water isformed. Although most of this water is in vapor form and goes out the exhaust,some condenses on the cylinder walls or escapes past the piston rings and istrapped, at least temporarily, in the crankcase. This occurs most frequently incold weather before the engine has warmed up.In addition to water and the byproducts from incomplete combustion of the fuel,other corrosive combustion gases also get past the rings and are condensedor dissolved in the engine oil. Add to this the acids formed by the normal oxi-dation of oil and the potential for rust and corrosive engine deposits becomessignificant.

The life of engine parts depends in part on the ability of the motor oil toneutralize these corrosive substances. Thanks to much research, effective oil-soluble chemical compounds have been developed. These are added to motoroil during manufacture to provide vital protection to engine parts.

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� Keep Engine Parts CleanIn formulating today’s high quality motor oils, a basic objective is not only tokeep engine parts clean, but also to prevent sludge and varnish deposits frominterfering with proper engine operation.

Engine sludge formation is generally a problem of low engine temperatureoperation. Engine sludge deposits are formed by combinations of water fromcondensation, dirt and the products of oil deterioration and incompletecombustion. Sludge-forming materials are often so small initially that no oilfilter can remove them. They are much smaller than the thickness of the oilfilm on engine parts and therefore cause no wear or damage so long as theyremain small and well-dispersed. However, as their levels increase in the oilduring use, they tend to join together to form larger masses and oil flow canbe restricted.

Sludge formation is aggravated by water vapor which condenses in thecrankcase in cold engine operation. The rate at which sludge-forming materialsaccumulate in the crankcase oil is related to several factors of engine opera-tion. Factors such as, rich air-fuel mixtures which occur during starting orwhen a choke is sticking; operating with dirty air cleaners; or cases of ignitionmisfiring, increase the rate of sludge accumulation in the oil.

Straight mineral oils have only a very limited ability to keep thesecontaminants from coagulating and forming masses of sludge within theengine. This is the job of the detergent/dispersant additives that are blendedinto modern motor oils. These additives keep vital engine parts clean and oilcontaminants suspended in such a fine form that they can be removed byregular oil and filter changes.

Detergent/dispersants are also very effective in preventing varnish depositswithin an engine. Varnish-forming materials react chemically or combine withoxygen in the crankcase to form complex chemical compounds. Thesecompounds continue to react with each other and with oxygen and are bakedby engine heat into a hard coating on the hotter parts of the engine. Thehydraulic lifters, piston rings, and bearings are particularly sensitive to varnishdeposits. If varnish-forming materials are allowed to accumulate in theseareas, engine operation is impaired.

Engines cannot tolerate excessive amounts of sludge and varnish on sensitiveparts. Sludge deposits collect on oil pump screens, limiting the flow of oil tovital engine parts and resulting in rapid and destructive wear. Piston ringswhich are stuck or sluggish because of varnish accumulation prevent theengine from developing full power. Sludged or plugged oil-control ringsprevent removal of excess lubricant from the cylinder walls and result inexcessive oil consumption.

� Reduce Combustion Chamber DepositsIn performing its lubrication function, some oil must reach the area of the toppiston ring in order to lubricate the rings and the cylinder walls. This oil is thenexposed to the heat and flame of burning fuel and part of it actually burns off.

Modern refining techniques have produced oils that burn cleanly under theseconditions, leaving little or no carbon residue. The detergent/dispersant addi-tives in modern motor oils keep the piston rings free in their grooves, therebymaintaining compression pressures and minimizing the amount of oil reaching


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the combustion chamber. This not only reduces oil consumption, but moreimportantly, keeps combustion chamber deposits to a minimum.

Excessive combustion chamber deposits adversely affect engine operation.Deposits that form on spark plugs may cause the plugs to short out. Their build-upcauses pinging, knock, or other combustion irregularities that reduce the efficiencyand economy of the engine. Because these deposits act as heat barriers, pistons,rings, spark plugs, and valves are not properly cooled. This can result in damageor even failure of the parts necessitating premature overhaul.

In preventing excessive combustion chamber deposits, it is important that amotor oil accomplish two things:

� The oil must keep the rings free so that they can minimize the amount of oilreaching the combustion chamber.

� That portion of the oil reaching the combustion chamber should burn as cleanlyas possible.

� Fight Soot

Soot is a by-product of diesel-engine combustion. It is black carbonaceous partic-ulate matter, which does not dissolve in lubricating oil, but can be suspended bythe oil and removed during an oil change. If soot is not well dispersed it will causethe oil to thicken up and go out of grade. In addition, soot can agglomerate toform particles large enough to cause abrasive wear and when the soot load of anoil gets too high, it settles out and forms sludge. Agglomerated soot and/or highlythickened oil can result in high pressure at the oil filter inlet. This can cause the fil-ter by-pass to open and allow unfiltered oil into the engine.

Engine oils formulated to fight soot are able to disperse large amounts of sootwithout thickening up. Good soot dispersal stops large particles agglomerating,prevents abrasive wear developing and inhibits the formation of sludge.

Effective with the 2007 model year, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) has set stringent limits on nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter(PM) emissions from on-road trucks and buses. Through a combination of engineredesign, ultra-low-sulphur diesel (ULSD) fuel and new engine oil technology,these new vehicles will cut harmful emissions by 95 percent. In addition, the reg-ulation calls for a 97 percent reduction in the sulphur content of on-road dieselfuel – from 500 parts per million (ppm) to 15 ppm – so the fuel won’t damage thenew exhaust aftertreatment devices, specifically Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs)that trap and further reduce soot emissions.

Engine manufacturers have been developing engines that not only utilize DPFsbut also run on pollution-reducing ULSD fuel and utilize cooled exhaust gas recir-culation (EGR) devices to redirect some of the exhaust gases normally emittedby the vehicle back into the engine, creating more internal soot.

� Cool Engine PartsMany people assume that engine cooling is accomplished only through the actionof the fluid in the cooling system. This in fact does only about 60 percent of thecooling job. It cools the upper part of the engine only – the cylinder heads, cylin-der walls, and the valves. The crankshaft, the main and connecting rod bearings,the camshaft and its bearings, the timing gears, the pistons, and many othercomponents in the lower part of the engine are directly dependent on the motoroil for necessary cooling, All these parts have definite temperature limits which

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must not be exceeded. Some can tolerate fairly high temperatures whileothers, such as the main and connecting rod bearings, must run relatively coolto avoid failure. These parts must get an ample supply of cool oil to pick up theheat and carry it back to the crankcase where it is cooled by heat transfer tothe surrounding air.

To keep this cooling process working, large volumes of oil must be constantlycirculated to the bearings and other engine parts. If the oil supply is inter-rupted, these parts heat up rapidly from increased friction and combustiontemperatures. A bearing failure is often referred to as a “burned-out bearing”because temperatures rose high enough to actually melt the bearing metal.

While only a small quantity of oil is required at any one time and place to pro-vide lubrication, the oil pump must circulate many litres of oil per minute.Chemical additives and the physical properties of the oil have little effect on itsability to provide adequate cooling. What is critical is the continuous circulationof large quantities of oil throughout the engine and over hot engine parts. Thisis made possible through the use of large-capacity oil pumps and oil passagesadequate to handle the required volume of oil. These oil passages cannot dothe job properly if they are allowed to become partially or completely cloggedwith deposits. When this happens, the oil cannot circulate or cool properly andearly engine failure may result. This is another reason for changing the oil andfilter before the contaminant level becomes too high. Proper cooling alsorequires that the oil level in the crankcase never be permitted to remain belowthe “add oil” line on the dipstick.

� Seal Combustion PressuresThe surfaces of the piston rings, ring grooves, and cylinder walls are not com-pletely smooth. If examined under a microscope, these surfaces would showminute hills and valleys. For this reason, the rings by themselves can nevercompletely prevent high combustion and compression pressures from escap-ing into the low pressure area of the crankcase, with the consequent reductionin engine power and efficiency. Motor oil fills in these hills and valleys on ringsurfaces and cylinder walls and helps to seal in compression and combustionpressures. Because the oil film at these points is rather thin – generally lessthan 0.025 mm thick – it cannot compensate for existing excessive wear ofrings, ring grooves, or cylinder walls. Where such conditions already exist, oilconsumption may be high. It may also be high in a new or rebuilt engine untilthe hills and valleys on these surfaces have smoothed out enough to allow theoil to form the right seal.

� Be Non-FoamingBecause of the many rapidly moving parts in an engine, air in the crankcase isconstantly being whipped into the oil. This produces foam, which is simply alot of air bubbles which may or may not readily collapse. These air bubblesnormally rise to the surface and break, but water and certain other contami-nants slow down the rate at which this occurs, and the result is foam.

Foam is not a good conductor of heat, so if the amount of foam is excessive,engine cooling will be impaired because the heat will not be dissipated. Foamalso does not have much ability to carry a load and prevent wear of hydraulicvalve lifters and bearings. This is because it contains air and air is easily com-pressible. On the other hand, oil which is free of air is virtually incompressible.


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ADDITIVESIn summary, an engine oil has to perform ten basic functions. To carry outthese functions, the base oil must be refined to the highest level possible andthen compounded with specially selected chemical additives. Skillful selectionof additives, blended together with Petro-Canada’s HT Severely Hydrocrackedbase oils results in engine oils of outstanding performance.

• DETERGENTSThese chemicals, usually metallic based, are designed to control deposits andkeep engine components clean. They are able to clean up existing deposits inthe engine, as well as disperse insoluble matter into the oil. Detergents controlcontamination resulting from high temperature operation.

• DISPERSANTSThese are usually ashless organic chemicals, which control contaminationfrom low temperature operation. Both detergents and dispersants attachthemselves to contaminant particles, such as soot and hold them insuspension, preventing sludge and deposit formation. The suspendedparticles, together with their additive carrier, are so small that they can passharmlessly between moving surfaces and through oil filters. Thiscontamination is removed from the engine when the oil is changed.

• OXIDATION INHIBITORSThese agents reduce oxygen attack on the lubricant base oil to a minimum.Petro-Canada’s HT Severely Hydrocracked base oils have a superiorresponse to these additives compared to Solvent Refined base oils. Thisresults in an engine oil with high resistance to oil thickening and the build-upof corrosive acids, hence maintaining good oil flow properties and resistanceto bearing corrosion.

• CORROSION INHIBITORSAcids are produced by the combustion process and when an engine oildegrades with use. Unless rendered harmless by the engine oil, these acidscan cause rapid deterioration of engine components. Corrosion inhibitorsprotect non-ferrous metals by coating them and forming a barrier between theparts and their environment.

• RUST INHIBITORSRust Inhibitors protect iron/steel surfaces from oxygen attack, by forming asimilar protective screen as mentioned above. Parts such as hydraulic lifters,push rods, etc. are prone to this type of corrosion.

• ANTI-WEAR AGENTSThese agents prevent wear due to seizure or scuffing of rubbing surfaces. Compounds such as zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphate (ZDDP) break-down atmicroscopic hot spots and form a chemical film which eliminates metal-to-metalcontact before it grows. Thus scuffing, galling and seizure are prevented.


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• FOAM DEPRESSANTSDetergent and dispersant additives can facilitate aeration of an oil, which leadsto foaming. This can reduce the lubricating ability of an oil and even interferewith oil pumping. Incorporation of a Foam Depressant controls this tendency.

• VISCOSITY INDEX (Vl) IMPROVERSVl improvers control the viscosity of multi-grade oils. They are polymers whichact like “popcorn”. At low temperatures, they are “tight-balls” which do not sig-nificantly increase the oil’s resistance to flow. However, at high temperatures,these “tight-balls” explode into long chain polymers, which interweave andincrease the oil’s resistance to flow (viscosity). Thus, the tendency of an oil to“thin” at high temperatures is controlled and reduced. Vl improvers must beshear stable, that is be able to perform when the oil film is subject to greatstress and also resist high temperatures.

• POUR POINT DEPRESSANTSBase oils contain hydrocarbons that tend to crystallize into waxy materials atlow temperatures. Incorporation of a chemical which reduces the size/rate ofwax crystal formation can give an oil better low temperature fluidity, hence alower Pour Point.

• FRICTION MODIFIERSSome oils contain friction-modifying chemicals, which can reduce the fuelconsumption of an engine. These chemicals form a chemical or physicallybonded film that reduces the friction between the moving engine parts.


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OIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMSIn selecting a proper engine oil, the vehicle operator must consider both the oilviscosity and the lubricant service requirements for his vehicle. To enable theoperator to identify a proper oil, the engine manufacturers and the petroleumindustry utilize two complementary classification systems that are describedbelow:

SAE ENGINE OIL VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATIONThe earliest attempts to classify and identify motor oils were made when thefirst automobiles appeared. Even then viscosity was known to be one of themost important characteristics of an oil and oils were classified as light,medium, or heavy, depending on their viscosity. When instruments becameavailable to accurately measure viscosity, the Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE) developed a classification system based on viscosity measurements.This system (Engine Oil Viscosity Classification – SAE J300), which has beenmodified over the years, establishes eleven distinct motor oil viscosity classifi-cations or grades. SAE 0W, SAE 5W, SAE 10W, SAE 15W, SAE 20W, SAE25W, SAE 20, SAE 30, SAE 40, SAE 50 and SAE 60. (Other grade numbersare used to define the viscosities of gear oils).

SAE VISCOSITY GRADES FOR ENGINE OILS (SAE J300 DEC. 99)

High ShearSAE Viscosity (cP) at Temperature (°C), Viscosity (cSt) Viscosity (cP)

Viscosity Max at 100°C at 150°C andGrade Cranking Pumpability Min Max 106 S-1 Min

0W 6200 at –35 60 000 at –40 3.8 — —5W 6600 at –30 60 000 at –35 3.8 — —10W 7000 at –25 60 000 at –30 4.1 — —15W 7000 at –20 60 000 at –25 5.6 — —20W 9500 at –15 60 000 at –20 5.6 — —25W 13000 at –10 60 000 at –15 9.3 — —20W — — 5.6 Less than 9.3 2.630W — — 9.3 Less than 12.5 2.940W — — 12.5 Less than 16.3 2.9†

40W — — 12.5 Less than 16.3 3.7††

50W — — 16.3 Less than 21.9 3.760W — — 21.9 Less than 26.1 3.7

† with 0W-40, 5W-40 and 10W-40 grades†† with 15W-40, 20W-40, 25W-40 & 40 grades

The “W” following the SAE viscosity grade stands for “winter” and indicatesthat an oil is suitable for use in colder temperatures. Oils carrying the “W”designation must have the proper viscosity value when measured atappropriate low temperatures. Those SAE classifications which do not includethe “W” define oil grades for use at higher temperatures. The viscosity of theseoils – SAE 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 – must have the proper value whenmeasured at 100°C and under high shear conditions at 150°C.


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As noted earlier, the development of viscosity index improvers made themanufacture of multi-graded motor oil possible. These oils - SAE 0W-30, 5W-20,5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40, 15W-40 and 20W-50 - have been marketed for decades in North America.

Multi-grade motor oils, such as SAE 5W-30, SAE 10W-30 etc. are widely usedbecause they are light enough for easy cranking at low temperatures, but heavyenough to perform satisfactorily at high temperatures as well.

The car manufacturers’ recommendations for crankcase oil viscosity should befollowed at all times. However, a basic guide prepared from car owners’manuals is shown in the table below:

GUIDE TO SAE GRADES OF ENGINE OIL

Ambient Temperature Range SAE GradeSAE Multi-Grades

°C °F–40°C to +40°C –40°F to +104°F 0W-30–35°C to +40°C –31°F to +104°F 5W-30

–30°C to excess of +40°C –22°F to excess of +104°F 10W-30, 10W-40–25°C to excess of +40°C –13°F to excess of +104°F 15W-40–20°C to excess of +40°C –4°F to excess of +104°F 20W-50

SAE Single Grades–30°C to +20°C –22°F to +70°F 10W–20°C to +30°C –4°F to +86°F 20W

0°C to excess of +40°C +32°F to excess of +104°F 30+5°C to excess of +40°C +40°F to excess of +104°F 40+10°C to excess of +40°C +50°F to excess of +104°F 50+20°C to excess of +40°C +70°F to excess of +104°F 60

Footnotes

i) The lowest ambient temperatures quoted above are for equipment with nostarting aids. Starting aids, such as block coolant heaters, oil sump heatersand battery warmers will further reduce the minimum starting temperature.

ii)The ambient temperatures quoted above should only be taken as aguide. For the exact SAE grade required for your vehicle, consult yourowner’s manual.

It is important to understand that the SAE viscosity grade classification systemidentifies only viscosity and indicates nothing else about the type or quality ofan oil or the service for which it is intended.

API ENGINE SERVICE CLASSIFICATIONSince 1970, the American Petroleum Institute, the American Society for Testingand Materials, and the Society of Automotive Engineers have cooperated inmaintaining the API Engine Service Classification System. This system enablesengine oils to be defined and selected on the basis of their performance char-acteristics and the type of service for which they are intended.

It should be emphasized that the API Engine Service Classification System has no connection with the SAE Engine Oil Viscosity Classification System.The latter is used to indicate only the SAE viscosities of oils. Both are neces-sary to adequately define an engine oil’s characteristics insofar as customerselection of the proper product to meet his engine’s need is concerned.


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The API Engine Service Classification System presently includes twentyclasses of service which are summarized in the chart below:

Letter Designation API Service Oil DescriptionSA Utility gasoline and diesel engine Oil without additive.

service. (obsolete)SB Minimum duty gasoline engine Some antioxidant and anti-

service. (obsolete) scuff properties.SC 1964 gasoline engine warranty Meets 1964-67 requirements

requirements. (obsolete) of automotive manufacturers.SD 1968 gasoline engine warranty Meets 1968-71 requirements

requirements. (obsolete) of automotive manufacturers.SE 1972 gasoline engine warranty Meets 1972-79 requirements

requirements. (obsolete) of automotive manufacturers.SF 1980 gasoline engine warranty Meets 1980-88 requirements

requirements (obsolete) of automotive manufacturers.SG 1989 gasoline engine warranty Meets 1989-93 requirements

requirements (obsolete) of automotive manufacturers.SH 1994 gasoline engine warranty Meets 1994-96 requirements

requirements (obsolete) of automotive manufacturers.SJ 1997 gasoline engine warranty Meets 1997-2000 requirements

requirements of automotive manufacturers.SL 2001 gasoline engine warranty Meets 2001-2004

requirements requirements of automotive manufacturers.

SM 2004 gasoline engine warranty Meets 2004 onwardsrequirements requirements of automotive

manufacturers.

CA Light duty service on high quality Meets Military requirementfuels. (obsolete) MIL-L-2104A (1954).

CB Moderate duty service on lower Meets Military requirementquality fuels. (obsolete) MIL-L-2104A, but test run on

high sulphur fuel (Suppl. 1 ).CC Moderate to severe duty diesel Meets Military requirement

and gasoline service. (obsolete) MIL-L-2104B (1964).CD Severe duty diesel service. Provides moderately super charged

(obsolete) diesel performance. Meetsrequirements of MIL-L-2104C andCaterpillar Series 3 lubricants.

CD-II Severe duty 2-stroke cycle diesel Meets requirements for API engine service. (obsolete) CD service, plus Detroit Diesel

6V53T approval.CE Turbo-charged and Super-charged Meets the requirements for

heavy-duty diesel engines, API CD service, plus those for manufactured since 1983. Mack E0-K/2 and Cummins (obsolete) NTC-400 approvals.


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Letter Designation API Service Oil DescriptionCF Off-road indirect injected diesel Provides effective control of

engines and other diesel engines piston deposits, wear and using a broad range of fuel types corrosion in naturally aspiratedincluding high sulphur (>0.5%) fuel. turbocharged or supercharged

diesel engines. Can be used toreplace CD oils.

CF-2 Severe duty 2-stroke cycle Service typical of 1994 severediesel engine service. duty two-stroke cycle diesel

engines requiring highly effective control over deposits and wear. Can be used to replace CD-II oils.

CF-4 Severe duty turbocharged Meets requirements of4-stroke cycle diesel engines, Caterpillar 1-K spec, plusespecially late model (since 1988) those for Mack EO-K/2 andlower emission engines. Cummins NTC-400 approvals.

CG-4 Severe duty service in 4-stroke Provides effective control overcycle diesel engines designed to high temperature piston meet 1994 emission standards deposits, wear, corrosion,using low sulphur-fuel (<0.05% foaming, oxidation stability to <0.5%). and soot accumulation. Can

be used to replace CD, CE and CF-4 oils.

CH-4 For high-speed, 4-stroke cycle Provides superior control overdiesel engines, designed to high temperature piston meet 1998 emission standards, deposits, wear, corrosion,using low sulphur fuel (<0.05% foaming, oxidation stability to <0.5%). and soot accumulation. Can

be used to replace CD, CE,CF-4 and CG-4 oils.

CI-4 (CI-4 Plus) Represents a performance boost Provides enhanced perfor-over CH-4. For use in high speed, mance over that provided by four-stroke cycle diesel engines CH-4, in terms of viscosity used in highway and off-road control, soot accumulation, applications where fuel sulphur oxidation stability and piston contents range from less than deposits. May be used to 0.05% by weight. Designed to replace CD, CE, CF-4, CG-4, meet 2002 emission standards and CH-4 oils. Some CI-4 oilsand to meet increased engine may also qualify for the CI-4severity caused by Exhaust Gas Plus designation whichRecirculation (EGR). represents even better

protection against wear,improved soot handling andshear stability.


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CJ-4 For use in high-speed four-stroke Oils designated for this servicecycle diesel engines designed to are currently available from meet 2007 model year on-highway Petro-Canada and may alsoexhaust emission standards as be used where API, CD, CE,well as for previous model years. CF-4, CG-4, CH-4 and CI-4 / These oils are compounded for CI-4 Plus oils are required.use in all applications with dieselfuels ranging in sulphur contentup to 500 ppm (0.05% by weight).

This new category is designed tocope with stringent environmentalemissions legislation and increasedengine severity caused by ExhaustGas Recirculation (EGR).

The following are more detailed descriptions of the API Service Classification.They are a guide to the proper selection of engine oils for significantly differentengine service operations.

“S” – SPARK IGNITION (Gasoline, Propane, CNG)

Standards SA to SF have been removed as they are considered obsolete. Thecurrent standard is backservicable to these standards.

SG FOR 1989 GASOLINE ENGINEWARRANTY MAINTENANCE SERVICEService typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars, vans, and light trucksbeginning with the 1989 model year operating under manufacturers’recommended maintenance procedures. (obsolete)

SH FOR 1994 GASOLINE ENGINE WARRANTY MAINTENANCE SERVICEService typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars, vans and light trucksbeginning with the 1994 model year, operating under manufacturers’recommended maintenance procedures. Oils developed for this serviceprovide improved control of engine deposits, oxidation and engine wearrelative to oils developed for previous categories. Oils meeting API ServiceClassification SH may be used where API Service Categories SG, SG/CC, SF,SF/CC and SE are recommended. (obsolete)

SJ FOR 1997 GASOLINE ENGINE WARRANTY MAINTENANCE SERVICEService typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars, sport utility vehicles,vans and light trucks beginning with 1997 model year, operating undermanufacturers’ recommended maintenance procedures. Oils meeting APIService Classification SJ may be used where API Service Classifications SHand earlier have been recommended.

SL FOR 2001 GASOLINE ENGINE WARRANTY MAINTENANCE SERVICEService typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars, sport utility vehicles,vans and light trucks effective July 1, 2001. In addition to a general improve-ment in quality, this new standard aims specifically to improve oil volatility, oil


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life, fuel economy and emissions system compatibility. Oils meeting API Service Classification SL may be used where API Service Classifications SJand earlier have been recommended.

SM FOR 2004 GASOLINE ENGINE WARRANTYMAINTENANCE SERVICEService typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars, sport utility vehicles,vans and light trucks effective Dec. 2004. In addition to a general improvementin quality, this new standard aims specifically to improve oil volatility, oil life,fuel economy and emissions system compatibility. Oils meeting API ServiceClassification SM may be used where API Service Classifications SL and earlier have been recommended.

“C” – COMPRESSION IGNITION (Diesel)

CA FOR DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEService typical of diesel engines operated in mild to moderate duty with highquality fuels and occasionally has included gasoline engines in mild service.They were widely used in the late 1940’s and 1950’s. (obsolete)

CB FOR DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEService typical of diesel engines operated in mild to moderate duty, but withlower quality fuels which necessitate more protection from wear and deposits.Oils designed for this service were introduced in 1949. (obsolete)

CC FOR DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEService typical of certain naturally aspirated, turbo-charged or superchargeddiesel engines operated in moderate to severe duty service and certain heavy-duty gasoline engines. Oils designed for this service provide protection fromhigh temperature deposits and bearing corrosion in these diesel engines andalso from rust, corrosion and low-temperature deposits in gasoline engines.These oils were introduced in 1961. (obsolete)

CD FOR DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEService typical of certain naturally aspirated, turbocharged or superchargeddiesel engines where highly effective control of wear and deposits is vital, orwhen using fuels of a wide quality range including high sulfur fuels. Oilsdesigned for this service were introduced in 1955 and provide protection frombearing corrosion and from high-temperature deposits in these diesel engines.(obsolete)

CD-II FOR FOR SEVERE DUTY 2-STROKECYCLE DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEService typical of 2-stroke cycle diesel engines requiring highly effective control over wear and deposits. Oils designed for this service also meet allperformance requirements of API Service Category CD. (obsolete)

CE FOR 1983 DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEService typical of certain turbocharged or supercharged heavy-duty diesel


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engines manufactured since 1983 and operated under both low speed highload and high speed high load conditions. Oils designed for this service mustalso meet the requirements of the API Engine Service Categories CC and CD.(obsolete)

CF FOR 1994 OFF-ROAD INDIRECT INJECTED DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEAPI Service Category CF denotes service typical of off-road indirect injecteddiesel engines and other diesel engines that use a broad range of fuel typesincluding those using fuel with higher sulphur content, for example, over 0.5%wt. Effective control of piston deposits, wear and corrosion of copper-contain-ing bearings is essential for these engines which may be naturally aspirated,turbocharged or supercharged. Oils designated for this service may also beused when API Service Category CD is recommended.

CF-2 FOR 1994 SEVERE DUTY 2-STROKE CYCLEDIESEL ENGINE SERVICEAPI Service Category CF-2 denotes service typical of two-stroke cycle enginesrequiring highly effective control over cylinder and ring-face scuffing anddeposits. Oils designated for this service have been in existence since 1994and may also be used when API Service Category CD-II is recommended.These oils do not necessarily meet the requirements of CF or CF-4 unless theoils have specifically met the performance requirements of these categories.

CF-4 FOR 1991 DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEService typical of severe duty turbocharged, 4-stroke cycle diesel engines,particularly late models designed to give lower emissions. These engines areusually found in on-highway, heavy duty truck applications. API CF-4 oilsexceed the requirements of CE category oils and can be used in place of earlier CC, CD and CE oils.

CG-4 FOR 1994 SEVERE DUTY DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEFor use in high speed, four-stroke cycle diesel engines used in highway andoff-road applications where the fuel sulphur may vary from less than 0.05 percent to less than 0.5 percent by weight. CG-4 oils provide effective controlover high temperature piston deposits, wear, corrosion, foaming, oxidation stability and soot accumulation. These oils are especially effective in enginesdesigned to meet 1994 emission standards and may also be used in enginesrequiring API Service Categories CD, CE and CF-4.

CH-4 FOR 1999 SEVERE DUTY DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEFor use in high speed, four-stroke cycle diesel engines used in highway andoff-road applications, where the fuel contents range from less than 0.05% toless than 0.5% by weight. CH-4 oils provide superior control over hightemperature piston deposits, wear, corrosion, foaming, oxidation stability andsoot accumulation. These oils have been specifically formulated for enginesdesigned to meet November 1998 EPA emission standards and may be usedwhere API CD, CE, CF-4 and CG-4 oils are required. Oils designated for thisservice have been available since 1999.


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CI-4 (CI-4 PLUS) FOR 2002 SEVERE DUTY DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEFor use in high speed, four-stroke cycle diesel engines used in highway andoff-road applications where fuel sulphur contents range from less than 0.05%to less than 0.5% by weight. This new category is designed to cope withstringent environmental emissions legislation and increased engine severitycaused by Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR). Oils designated for this serviceare currently available from Petro-Canada and may also be used where APICD, CE, CF-4, CG-4 and CH-4 oils are required.

CJ-4 FOR 2007 SEVERE DUTY DIESEL ENGINE SERVICEFor use in high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet2007 model year on-highway exhaust emission standards as well as forprevious model years. These oils are compounded for use in all applicationswith diesel fuels ranging in sulphur content up to 500 ppm (0.05% byweight). However, the use of these oils with greater than 15 ppm (0.0015%by weight) sulphur fuel may impact exhaust aftertreatment system durabilityand/or oil drain interval.

OTHER DIESEL ENGINE OIL SPECIFICATIONSSome diesel engine manufacturers have engine oil requirements that are notcompletely covered by API classifications.

DETROIT DIESELDetroit Diesel Corporation 2-stroke cycle engines require SAE 40 or 30 oils of CF-2 quality and with a sulphated ash level of no more than 1.0% weight. SAE15W-40 oils of API CF-2 quality and having a High Temperature-High Shear(HTHS) Viscosity of at least 3.7 cP are permitted as a third choice in DetroitDiesel Model 53, 71, and 92 engines (must meet 1.0 % wt ash limit). SAE15W-40 and SAE 30 oils are not permitted at all in the large Model 149engines. Note that Detroit Diesel Corporation no longer manufacturers 2-cycle engines for the commercial market.

MACK EO-MOver the years, Mack Trucks have been very active in developing heavy dutydiesel engine oil standards for the lubrication of their engines.

The MACK EO-M engine oil specification was introduced in 1998. Use of EO-Moils is mandatory in all MACK 1998 year engines, running in severe service oroperating with extended oil drain intervals.

MACK EO-M oils must be multigraded, meet the requirements of API CH-4and pass the following engine tests . . . Mack T-8E (300 h), Mack T-9 (500h) andCummins M-11 (200h).

MACK EO-M PLUSThe MACK EO-M Plus specification was introduced in 1999. Use of MACKEO-M Plus oils is mandatory in all MACK 1999 year engines, where oil drainintervals are as long as 50,000 miles or 80,000 km.MACK EO-M Plus oils must be multigraded, meet the requirements of API


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CH-4 and pass the following engine tests . . . Mack T-8E & Mack T-9 withtightened limits and the Cummins M-11 extended to 300 hours.

MACK EO-N PLUSSimilarly, this specification defines a premium oil performance above and beyondthe stringent CI-4 tests, and consequently beyond the MACK EO-N specification.

MACK EO-N PREMIUM PLUS ’03This specification is required for the Mack ASET family of engines, which utilize exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and also highly recommended for allother Mack engine models, regardless of vintage. Mack EO-N Premium Plus’03 engine oils exceed both the API CI-4 and previous EO-N performancespecifications.

MACK EO-O PREMIUM PLUS ’07This specification defines the requirements for Mack engines designed tomeet the EPA 2007 on-road emission requirements. The new engines areequipped with diesel particulate filters (DPFs). A premium specification, itexceeds API CJ-4 with tighter pass limits in the Mack T-12, Cummins ISMand Cummins ISB engine tests plus the addition of the Volvo D12D test. It isequivalent to Volvo VDS-4 in Europe. EO-O Premium Plus surpasses therequirements of previous Mack specifications and therefore the oils areconsidered to be backward serviceable in older engines. Can be used withdiesel fuel containing up to 500 ppm of sulphur.

CUMMINS 20071The Cummins 20071 specification defines the premium quality engine oil thatmust be used in Cummins 1997 year engines, operating in North America withextended oil drain intervals. Cummins 20071 oils must pass the CumminsM-11 engine test at 200 hours, together with a matrix of other diesel enginetests (Mack, Caterpillar and GM).

CUMMINS 20072The Cummins 20072 specification defines the premium quality engine oil thatmust be used in Cummins 1997 engines, operating globally with poor fuelquality and inferior engine maintenance practices.Cummins 20072 oils must pass the Cummins M-11 engine test at 200 hours,a matrix of other diesel engine tests (Mack, Caterpillar and GM) and meet theACEA E3 requirements for a diesel engine oil.

CUMMINS 20076The Cummins 20076 specification defines the premium quality engine oil thatmust be used in Cummins 1999 year engines, operating in North America withextended oil drain intervals. Cummins 20076 oils must pass the Cummins M-11 engine test at 300 hours, together with a matrix of other diesel enginetests with tightened limits, compared to the earlier 20071 spec.

CUMMINS 20078A new specification, Cummins 20078 has been introduced, and is also definedaround the increased performance embodied in the CI-4 tests and limits.


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CUMMINS 20081A new premium specification for Cummins 2007 compliant engines equippedwith diesel particulate filters (DPFs). It contains no new tests beyond API CJ-4 requirements, however it has tighter pass limits on some of the enginetests. Can be used with diesel fuel containing up to 500 ppm of sulphur.

CATERPILLAR ECF-1A specification introduced in 2003, designed for the ACERT (AdvancedCombustion Emission Reduction Technology) engines. This requires oils to beeither CI-4/CH-4 +<1.3% sulphated ash + 1 pass of CAT 1P test or to be CI-4/CH-4 +1.3-1.5% sulphated ash + 2 passes of CAT 1P test.

CATERPILLAR ECF-3This specification is identical to API CJ-4 and the chief recommendation byCaterpillar for their 2007 compliant engines equipped with diesel particulatefilters (DPFs). It is also recommended in legacy on-road equipment whenused with diesel fuel up to 500 ppm of sulphur.

PASSENGER CAR, SPORT UTILITY VEHICLE, VAN ANDLIGHT TRUCK ENERGY CONSERVING OIL CLASSIFICATIONThe Energy Conserving classification for gasoline-powered passenger cars,sport utility vehicles, vans and light trucks is a supplementary classification forengine oils that have energy conserving properties . The performancerequirements for this supplementary classification are technically described in SAE J1423 and ASTM D 4485.The fuel economy obtained by individual vehicle operators using engine oilslabelled Energy Conserving may differ because of many factors, including thetype of vehicle and engine, engine manufacturing variables, the mechanicalcondition and maintenance of the engine, the oil that has been previouslyused, operating conditions and driving habits.

Energy Conserving, in conjunction with API Service Category SMAPI Service Category SM engine oils categorized as Energy Conserving areformulated to improve the fuel economy of passenger cars, SUVs, vans andlight duty trucks powered by gasoline engines. These oils have produced aFuel Economy Improvement (FEI) both at the start (FEI 1) and at the end (FEI2) of a Sequence VIB test when compared with a specific standard referenceoil. The percentage fuel improvements which must be achieved to qualify as“Energy Conserving” are listed below for the different viscosity grades.

API SERVICE CLASSIFICATION SYMBOLAPI’s Lubricants Subcommittee established the symbol illustrated below toprovide uniform identification and an improved means for the general publicto identify appropriate engine oils according to the manufacturer’s recommen-dation for the needs of a particular vehicle. The symbol is used to display theappropriate API service category or categories (upper part of the symbol), the

Viscosity Grade FEI 1, min. FEI 2, min. FEI 1 + FEI 2Rel. to Ref. Oil Rel. to Ref. Oil min.

0W-20 & 5W-20 2.0% 1.7% n/a0W-30 & 5W-30 1.6% 1.3% 3.0%

10W30 & all others 0.9% 0.6% 1.6%


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SAE viscosity grade (center of the symbol), and, if applicable, energy-conserving features of an oil (bottom part of the symbol). Energy-conservingis not applicable for heavy-duty diesel engines. The symbol clearly provides allthe pertinent information a customer needs in one convenient location.

ILSAC CERTIFICATION SYMBOLThe ILSAC (International Lubricants Standardization and Approval Committee)certification mark, commonly referred to as “the Starburst”, is shown below.

This symbol enables the general public to identify oils which meet the warrantyrequirements of DaimlerChrysler, Ford and General Motors, as well as theJapanese automakers.The latest ILSAC specification (July 2004) is identified as ILSAC GF-4. TheAPI “Starburst” symbol only applies to 0W-XX, 5W-XX and 10W-XX viscosityoils that not only meet the GF-4 specification, but also meet API SM and theEnergy Conserving classification.The “Starburst” symbol must be displayed on the front of a motor oil container.

USED OIL ANALYSISUsed Oil Analysis programs for engine oils, such as Petro-Canada’s“LUBRI-TEST” provide several customer benefits:• Reduce unscheduled vehicle downtime• Improve vehicle reliability• Help organize effective maintenance schedules • Extend engine life• Optimize oil change intervals• Reduce cost of vehicle maintenance

Used engine oil analyses are carried out principally to determine the overall

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condition of an oil. Monitoring an oil’s condition at successive intervals, over arelatively long time period, can be used to establish:

• Presence of Undesirable Contaminants, such as:- Excess Wear Metals - Gasoline or Diesel Fuel- Coolant- Road Salt- Dirt, Sand or Dust

• Optimum Oil Change Interval

The following items are tested to determine the condition of an engine oil :

• Viscosity - is the measure of an oil’s resistance to flow. An oil can “thicken-up” due to oxidation, the presence of contaminants, or evaporation of lightcomponents. It can “thin-down” due to oil shearing or fuel dilution. Reported as cSt @ 40°C and cSt @ 100°C

• Coolant - ethylene glycol is the major component of antifreeze coolantsystems, so the presence of glycol is determined. A positive test resultindicates a defective gasket or a cracked head/block. Detection of glycolrequires immediate attention, as it reacts quickly in a hot engine to formvarnish and sludge.

• Water - presence due to condensation from low temperature engineoperation or from a leak in the cooling system.

• Dilution - the amount of gasoline or diesel present in an oil.

• Insolubles - suspended material present in the oil, due to presence of sootfrom diesel fuel combustion and contamination from airborne dust, dirt orsand.

• Total Acid Number - expresses the quantity of base required to neutralizeall the acidic constituents present in the oil. Often an indicator of howoxidized an oil has become.

• Total Base Number - measures the reserve alkalinity of an oil, which is theability of an alkali to neutralize the effect of acid formation.

• Wear or Additive Metals - The presence of the following elements isusually determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy:Aluminum, Barium, Boron, Calcium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium,Phosphorus, Sodium, Tin and Zinc.


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USED OIL ANALYSIS TESTS

CONTAMINANT WARNING LEVELS

AUTOMOTIVE WEAR METALS WARNING LEVELS

TEST WARNING LIMIT

Viscosity- cSt @ 40°C 25% change versus the new oil viscosity- cSt @ 100°C 15% change versus the new oil viscosityCoolant Any positive identificationWater Greater than 0.1%Dilution Greater than 5%Insolubles 0.5% or moreTotal Acid Number More than 5 units (motor oil) or

1 unit (industrial oil)Total Base Number No lower than 3 to 4 units

ELEMENT WARNING LIMITS COMMENTS

Iron (Fe) Greater than 100 ppm High levels indicate worncrankshafts, valves, cylinder--liners, bearings

Chromium (Cr) Greater than 10 ppm High levels indicate wornpiston rings, bearings or con-tamination by antifreeze

Copper (Cu) Greater than 20 ppm High levels indicate wornbearings and bushings

Tin (Sn) Greater than 10 ppm High levels indicate wornbearings and bushings

Aluminum (Al) Greater than 20 ppm High levels indicate worn(>80 ppm Aluminum pistons or engine block

Block Engines)Lead (Pb) Greater than 25 ppm High levels indicate worn

bearings. Where leaded gasoline used, results aremeaningless

Boron (B) Greater than 20 ppm High levels indicate anti-freeze leak. Some engine oilscontain a boron dispersantadditive. Check sample ofnew oil

Silicon (Si) Greater than 20 ppm High levels indicate presenceof dust or sand. May also bedue to high level of siliconeanti-foam. Check sample ofnew oil

Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca) These elements may be partBarium (Ba), Sodium (Na) of the additive package. Phosphorus (P), Zinc (Zn) They remain in the oil and

do not deplete


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PETRO-CANADA GASOLINE MOTOR OILS

SERVICE STATION MOTOR OILSPassenger cars are delivering more power and performance than ever before.Engine power outputs, in horse-power per litre, have increased tremendouslyover the past decade or so. Current smaller, higher powered passenger carengines not only run hotter, but also work harder than ever before. As a result,engines are much more demanding on motor oils for their lubrication. The veryclose tolerances of rapidly moving engine parts together with pressures forlower oil consumption, reduced engine emissions, increased equipmentdurability and fuel economy, place heavy demands on today’s service stationoils. Petro-Canada’s complete line of passenger car motor oils, formulatedusing the latest in lubricant technology, is ready and able to meet these newchallenges.

PETRO-CANADA SYNTHETIC MOTOR OILSPetro-Canada Arctic 0W-30, Synthetic 5W-30 and 10W-30 are our top-of-the-line passenger car motor oils. Specially formulated with 100% Petro-Canada’sown Very High Viscosity Index (VHVI) Synthetic Base Fluids and a uniqueadditive chemistry, they deliver consistent, superior performance under thetoughest driving conditions. Arctic 0W-30, Synthetic 5W-30 and 10W-30 haveoutstanding resistance to thermal breakdown and provide exceptional wearprotection under both low and high temperature situations. Petro-CanadaArctic 0W-30 protects engines against the extremes of Canadian winter, andits exceptional fluidity facilitates starting down to -40°C.Petro-Canada Synthetic motor oils exceed passenger car and light truck manufacturers’ warranty requirements, as well as API Service CategoriesSM/CF, Energy Conserving and ILSAC GF-4 standards.

Typical characteristics are shown below:Petro-Canada Synthetic

SAE Grade Arctic 0W-30 5W-30 10W-30Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 58.5 58.7 61.2Viscosity cSt @ 100°C 10.6 10.5 10.2

SUV @ 100°F 297 297 312SUV @ 210°F 61.6 61.5 60.5

Viscosity Index 172 171 155Flash Point, °C / °F 233/451 231/448 247/477Cold Crank Viscosity, cP @ °C 5524@-35 3739@-30 3687@-25Borderline Pumping Viscosity, cP @ °C 14,204@-40 9,649@-35 10,639@-30Sulphated Ash, % Wt 0.9 0.9 0.9Total Base No. (TBN), mgKOH/g 7.7 7.7 7.7

Meet: API SM/CF, Energy Conserving, ILSAC GF-4, GM 6094M (5W-30 &10W-30) & Ford WSS-M2C929A (5W-30).


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PETRO-CANADA 5W-30, 10W-30 AND 10W-40SYNTHETIC BLEND MOTOR OILSSpecially formulated for vehicles with high mileage, Petro-Canada SyntheticBlend 5W-30, 10W-30, and 10W-40 are advanced synthetic blend motor oils,formulated with a blend of Petro-Canada’s VHVI Synthetic base fluids andPetro-Canada’s HT Purity Process base oils and a leading-edge additivesystem. These oils deliver synthetic performance and provide outstandingresistance to thermal breakdown, as well as maximum protection against wearand deposit formation, under the severest operating conditions.

All oils surpass the requirements of API Service Categories SM. SAE 5W-30also meets the requirements of ILSAC GF-4 for gasoline powered passengercars and light trucks.

Typical characteristics are shown below:Petro-Canada Synthetic Blend

SAE Grade 5W-30 10W-30 10W-40Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 64.9 77.1 101.4

cSt @ 100°C 10.8 11.4 15.0SUV @ 100°F 331 395 519SUV @ 210°F 62.6 64.9 78.9

Viscosity Index 150 140 155Flash Point, °C / °F 225/437 235/455 241/466Cold Crank Viscosity, cP @ °C 5218@ -30 5631@-25 5415@ -25Borderline Pumping Viscosity cP@ °C 14,355@-35 14,585@-30 17,384@-30Sulphated Ash, % Wt 0.9 0.9 0.9

Meet: API SM, Energy Conserving (5W-30 grade only), ILSAC GF-4 (5W-30grade only) and GM 6094M (5W-30 grade only).

PETRO-CANADA TURBO SYNTHETIC 5W-30Petro-Canada Turbo Synthetic 5W-30 is a specially formulated motor oildesigned to meet the Honda HTO-06 specification for Honda turbochargedgasoline engines. It also meets API SM and ILSAC GF-4 and is Energy Conserving.

SAE Grade 5W-30Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 63.4

cSt @ 100°C 11.3SUS @ 100°F 321SUS @ 210°F 64.4

Viscosity Index 175Flash Point, °C / °F 227/441Cold Crank Viscosity, cP @ -30°C 4,672Borderline Pumping Viscosity, cP@ -35°C 12,917Sulphated Ash, % Wt 1.10


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PETRO-CANADA SUPREME - MULTIGRADE MOTOR OILPetro-Canada SUPREME is a superior passenger car motor oil, formulatedusing a high performance additive system. It exceeds the latest car makers’service requirements for gasoline powered engines, found in passenger carsand light trucks.

Petro-Canada SUPREME 5W-20, 5W-30 and 10W-30 give excellent year-round performance in today’s passenger car engines, equipped with the latestemission controls and turbochargers. Classified by the API as exceeding APISM, these oils demonstrate superior control of ring-zone deposits in smallhigh-output engines. Petro-Canada Supreme 5W-20, 5W-30 and 10W-30 areall friction reduced to save fuel. They are also suitable for use in light dutydiesel applications where API CF is recommended. Petro-Canada SupremeMotor Oils meet the latest API Energy Conserving standard as well as theILSAC GF-4 specification for motor oil.Petro-Canada SUPREME 5W-20 is designed for use in new model Ford,Honda and Mazda automobiles. Petro-Canada Supreme 10W-40 and 20W-50are specialty grades, designed for older North American cars, or for engines operating under high ambient temperatures. Petro-Canada Supreme is recommended for use in all passenger car, propane and compressed naturalgas (CNG) powered engines.Petro-Canada SUPREME Multigrade Motor Oil is available in five SAEGrades: 5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40 and 20W-50.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Petro-Canada Supreme

SAE Grade 5W-20 5W-30 10W-30 10W-40 15W-40† 20W-50Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 47.8 62.3 67.4 97.2 110 169.5

cSt @ 100°C 8.6 10.6 10.5 14.1 14.6 19.0SUV @ 100°F 243 317 345 498 567 881SUV @ 210°F 54.7 61.7 61.5 75.3 77.4 95.5

Viscosity Index 159 160 143 148 136 127Flash Point, °C / °F 229/444 229/444 231/448 223/433 255/237 249/480Cold CrankViscosity, cP @ °C 3690@-30 4600@-30 5060@-25 5320@-25 5090@-20 6140@-15BorderlinePumping Viscosity, cP @ °C 8,200@-35 15,200@-35 11,200@-30 17,700@-30 14,135@-25 15,400@-20Sulphated Ash, % Wt 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

Meet: API SM, Energy Conserving (only 5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30), ILSAC GF-4 (only 5W-20, 5W-30,10W-30), GM 6094M (5W-20, 5W-30 and10W-30), Ford M2C930A (5W-20 only), Ford M2C929A (5W-30 only),Honda, Hyundai, Kia, and Mazda Service Fill (5W-20, 5W-30, and10W-30 only).

†Supreme 15W-40 not available in Canada and the U.S.


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PETRO-CANADA MAXIMUM - MULTIGRADE MOTOR OILPetro-Canada MAXIMUM Motor Oil is a high quality engine lubricant designedfor all season use in most passenger car gasoline, propane and compressednatural gas (CNG) powered engines. Petro-Canada Maximum Motor Oilexceeds the latest car makers’ service requirements for gasoline poweredengines, as well as the requirements of API Category SM. Both the SAE5W-30 and 10W-30 grades exceed the API Energy Conserving standard forenhanced fuel economy and meet the ILSAC GF-4 specification.

Petro-Canada MAXIMUM Motor Oils are available in three SAE Grades: 5W-30, 10W-30 and 10W-40.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Petro-Canada Maximum

SAE Grade 5W-30 10W-30 10W-40Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 61.8 65.7 97.5

cSt @ 100°C 10.5 10.2 14.2SUS @ 100°F 314 345 500SUS @ 210°F 61.5 50.1 75.7

Viscosity Index 160 141 150Flash Point, °C/°F 237/457 231/448 235/455Cold Crank Viscosity, cP @°C 4711@ -30 4717@ -25 5630@ -25Borderline Pumping Viscosity, cP @°C 10,458@ -35 10,732@ -30 15,110@ -30Sulphated Ash, % Wt 0.9 0.9 0.9

Meet: API SM, Energy Conserving (except 10W-40), ILSAC GF-4 (except 10W-40), GM 6094M (5W-30 & 10W-30), Ford M2C929A (5W-30), Honda, Kia& Hyundai Service Fill (except 10W-40).


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HEAVY DUTY ENGINE OILSCommercial and Industrial requirements for heavy duty engine oils continue tostress higher levels of turbo-charging and power outputs, and demand the useof low sulphur diesel fuel for highway fleet operations. Recent U.S. EPAregulations forced heavy duty diesel engine manufacturers to reduce NOxemissions via modification of their engine designs. This has resulted in aconsiderable increase in the soot loading of engine oils. 2007 EPA compliantlow emission engines which employ advanced exhaust aftertreatment devicessuch as diesel particulate filters (DPFs) with or without diesel oxidationcatalysts (DOCs), and increased rates of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR).Petro-Canada has responded to these developments by again improving thequality and performance of its commercial engine oils, using its HT SeverelyHydra-treated/Hydrocracked base oils and high performance additives.

These oils are non-friction modified and have high friction coefficients makingthem suitable for many wet-clutch applications.

DURON* ENGINE OILSThe DURON* line of premium quality, heavy duty engine oils, is designed toimprove engine reliability and reduce operating costs through its superior sootdispersancy and extended drain capabilities. The newly introduced DURON-Eline exceeds the requirements of API CJ-4 required for 2007 EPA compliantlow emission on-road engines. DURON multi-grades generally exceed APICI-4 Plus, Detroit Diesel 93K214, Mack EO-N Premium Plus ’03, CaterpillarECF-1 and Cummins 20078 standards required in pre-’07 on-road and off-road engines, while the single grades are suitable where API category CF isrecommended. DURON and DURON-E Heavy Duty Multigrade Engine Oilsmay be used in engines fueled by diesel, gasoline, propane or compressednatural gas (CNG). This allows the selection of one engine oil for a mixed-fuelfleet, which meets most manufacturers’ warranty requirements.


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DURON-E ENGINE OILS (API CJ-4)Petro-Canada DURON-E multigrade engine oils are premium heavy dutyengine oils that exceed the requirements of API CJ-4 and are suitable for usein ’07 EPA compliant low emission engines which employ advanced exhaustaftertreatment devices such as diesel particulate filters (DPFs) with or withoutdiesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs), and increased rates of Exhaust GasRecirculation (EGR). DURON-E heavy duty engine oils are also suitable foruse in engines powered by both ultra and low sulphur diesel.

DURON-E, available in three performance offerings – DURON-E 15W-40,DURON-E XL Synthetic Blend 15W-40 and DURON-E Synthetic 10W-40 - has undergone rigorous engine testing and has demonstrated extended draincapabilities in severe service field trials in both EGR and conventional dieselengines. DURON-E is formulated to meet the latest OEM specifications fortheir ‘07 low emission engines equipped with an advanced exhaustaftertreatment device. DURON-E is back-serviceable and carries the API CI-4Plus, CI-4, CH-4, CG-4 licenses required by pre-‘07 diesel engines.

Synthetic XL Synthetic Blend SAE Grade 10W-40 15W-40 15W-40Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 99 115 117

cSt @ 100°C 15.1 15.5 15.4SUS @ 100°F 506 591 600SUS @ 210°F 79 81 81

Viscosity Index 160 142 139Flash Point, °C/°F 235/455 231/448 230/446Pour Point, °C/°F -48/-54 -45/-49 -42/-44High Temp / Shear Viscosity

cP @ 150°C 4.3 4.4 4.3Cold Crank Viscosity, cP @°C/°F 5957@ -25/-13 5686@ -20/-4 6000@ -20/-4Borderline Pumping Viscosity, cP @°C/°F 34,588@ -30/-22 18,922@ -25/-13 25,283@ -25/-13Sulphated Ash, % Wt <1.0% <1.0% <1.0%Total Base No. (TBN), mg KOH/g 10.3 10.3 8.3


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DURON SYNTHETIC ENGINE OILSDURON SYNTHETIC is a full synthetic, super premium, all season heavy dutyengine oil, designed for the best 4-stroke diesel engine oil wide temperaturerange performance. Under the most exacting conditions, and in extreme coldtemperature environments, DURON SYNTHETIC will provide maximum reliabilityand wear protection, and may be used in extended drain service under goodoperating practices and maintenance programs.

DURON Synthetic 5W-40 exceeds the requirements of API CI-4 Plus requiredin modern off-road engines and pre-’07 EPA compliant low emission on-roaddiesel engines. DURON Synthetic 0W-30 offers the ultimate in lowtemperature flow while carrying both API SM and CH-4 credentials.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:

DURON SYNTHETICSAE Grade 5W-40 0W-30Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 95.4 64.0

cSt @ 100°C 15.5 11.5SUS @ 100°F 485 324SUS @ 210°F 80.9 65.1

Viscosity Index 173 175Flash Point, °C / °F 223/433 231/448Pour Point, °C / °F -48/-54 -51/-60Cold Crank Viscosity cP @ -30°C / -22°F 6,070 –

cP @ -35°C / -31°F 5,651Borderline Pumping Viscosity cP @ -35°C / -31°F 23,120 –

cP @ -40°C / -40°F 17,456Sulphated Ash, % Wt 1.40 1.3Total Base No. (TBN), mg KOH/g 10.8 9.2For DURON SYNTHETIC Performance Specifications, Refer to Table AL-1(see Page 60)


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DURON* XL SYNTHETIC BLENDENGINE OILSDURON XL Synthetic Blend Engine Oils are super premium, heavy dutyengine oils specially formulated to meet the rigors of cold, harsh wintersand are recommended for year-round use in vehicles operating in bothhighway and off-highway applications.

DURON XL Synthetic Blend 15W-40 possesses the superior soot dispersingproperties required by modern off-road and pre-’07 low emission on-roadengine designs – beyond that of API CI-4 Plus, Detroit Diesel Power Guard93K214 & 93K215, Mack EO-N Premium Plus ’03, Caterpillar ECF-1 andCummins 20078. It is especially recommended for use in severe operatingconditions, in both highway and off-highway applications.

DURON XL Synthetic Blend 10W-40 delivers the same high temperature performance as SAE 15W-40 grade diesel engine oil, but with superior low-temperature fluidity for easier winter operation and fuel savings throughreduced idling time and viscous drag.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:DURON XL Synthetic Blend

SAE Grade 15W-40 10W-40Flash Point, °C / °F 233/451 235/455Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 113.5 108.3

cSt @ 100°C 15.4 15.6SUS @ 100°F 584 555SUS @ 210°F 80.6 81.4

Viscosity Index 146 153High Temp/High Shear

Viscosity cP@150°C / 302°F 4.4 4.4Cold Crank Viscosity,

cP @ -20°C / -4°F 5,106 –cP @ -25°C / -13°F – 6,441

Pour Point, °C / °F -45/-49 -48/-54Borderline Pumping Viscosity, cP @ °C 15,610@-25 25,340@ -30Sulphated Ash, % Wt 1.37 1.37Sulphur, % Wt 0.46 0.47Phosphorus, % Wt 0.13 0.13Total Base No. 9.6 9.7

For DURON XL Synthetic Blend Performance Specifications, Refer toTable AL-1 (see Page 60)


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DURON* MULTIGRADE ENGINE OILSDURON Multigrade Engine Oils are premium heavy duty engine oils, whichfight soot and lower operating costs by increasing engine durability, extendingdrains and reducing down time. 15W-40 is recommended for year-round usein vehicles operating over the road, as well as in many off-highway applica-tions, where good cold-starting performance is essential. DURON 15W-40exceeds the requirements of API CI-4 Plus required in modern off-road andpre-’07 low emission on-road engines.


DURON MultigradeSAE Grade 15W-40 10W-30 Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 117.0 74.0

cSt @ 100°C 15.4 11.4SUS @ 100°F 603 378SUS @ 210°F 80.6 64.8

Viscosity Index 139 146Flash Point, °C / °F 227/441 231/448Pour Point, °C / °F -45/-49 -45/-49Cold Crank Viscosity, cP @ °C / °F 5,682@ -20/-4 4,814@ -25/-13Borderline Pumping Viscosity, cP @ °C / °F 19,040@ -25/-13 13,797@ -30/-22Phosphorus, % WtSulfur, % WtSulphated Ash, % Wt 1.37 1.18Total Base No. 9.6 9.1

For Duron Multigrade Performance Specifications, Refer to Table AL-1(see Page 60)

• DURON Multigrades are excellent hydraulic fluids for mobile equipment,where a motor oil is specified.

• DURON 15W-40 is suitable for use in the following high-speed marineengines, fueled by diesel or gasoline (where water separation is notrequired): Allis-Chalmers, B&W/Alpha, BMW, Buda, Caterpillar, Chrysler,Cummins, Daihatsu, John Deere, Detroit Diesel, Deutz, Dorman, EnglishElectric, Fairbanks-Morse, Ford, Gardener, Hatz, Intrepid, Isuzu, Mack,MAN, Mitsubishi, Moteurs Badouin, MTU, Murphy, Nissan, Nohab, Onan,Paxman, Ruston, Stork/Werkspoor, Volvo, Wartsilla/ Wichman, Wauke-sha/Scania, Yanmar.

• DURON 15W-40 & 10W-30 are suitable for use in transmissions, where amultigrade motor oil is specified.


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DURON* SINGLE GRADE ENGINE OILSPetro-Canada DURON Single Grade Engine Oils are universal oils, designedto lubricate engines in heavy-duty service fueled by diesel, gasoline, propaneor compressed natural gas (CNG). They are recommended for vehiclesoperating over the road, as well as many off-highway applications, such asforestry, mining, farming, construction and marine. They are also used inmany stationary and marine applications.

DURON Single Grade Engine Oils are available in five SAE grades: 10W, 20,30, 40 and 50.


DURON Single GradeSAE Grade 10W 20 30 40 50ViscositycSt @ 40°C 41.5 65 83 134 209cSt @ 100°C 6.8 9.1 11.2 14.6 19.3SUS @ 100°F 213 334 429 696 1100SUS @ 210°F 49 57 64 77 97Viscosity Index 119 118 123 109 105Flash Point, °C / °F 194/381 231/448 249/480 265/509 249/480Pour Point, °C / °F -42/-44 -39/-38 -36/-33 -30/-22 -21/-6Cold CrankViscosity, cP @ °C 4606@-25 4932@-20 – – –Borderline PumpingViscosity, cP@ °C 9670@-30 – – – –Phosphorus, % Wt. 0.10 0.10 0.10 .10 0.10Sulfur, % Wt. 0.38 0.38 0.38 .38 0.42Sulphated Ash, % Wt 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0Total Base No. 8.0 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9For DURON Single Grade Performance Specifications, Refer toTable AL-1 (see Page 60)

• DURON Single Grades can be used in transmissions, where a motor oil isspecified.

• DURON Single Grades are excellent hydraulic fluids for mobile equipment,where a motor oil is specified.

• DURON 30 & 40 are suitable for use in the following medium and high-speed marine engines, fueled by diesel or gasoline (where waterseparation is not required): Allis-Chalmers, B&W/Alpha, BMW, Buda,Caterpillar (SAE 30 & 40 grades are suitable where Caterpillar 3600 isspecified), Chrysler, Cummins, Daihatsu, John Deere, Detroit Diesel,Deutz, Dorman, English Electric, Fairbanks-Morse, Ford, Gardener, Hatz,Intrepid, Isuzu, Mack, MAN, Mitsubishi, Moteurs Baudouin, MTU, Murphy,Nissan, Nohab, Onan, Paxman, Ruston, Stork/Werkspoor, Volvo,Wartsilla/Wichman, Waukesha/Scania, White, Yanmar.


60


TAB

LE

AL

-1D

UR

ON

*H

eavy

Dut

y E

ngin

e O

ils a

re s

uita

ble

for a

pplic

atio

ns re

quiri

ng th

e fo

llow

ing

spec

ifica

tions

:DU

RON-

E Sy

nthe

ticDU

RON-

E XL

DURO

N-E

Synt

hetic

Synt

hetic

XLXL

XL10

W-4

015

W-4

015

W-4

05W

-40

0W-3

010

W-4

015

W-4

00W

-30

10W

-30

15W

-40

5040

3020

10W

API C

J-4

●●

●

API C

I-4 P

LUS

●●

●●

●●

●

API C

I-4●

●●

●●

●●

●

API C

H-4/

CG-4

●●

●●

●●

●●

●●

API C

F●

●●

●●

●●

●●

●●

●

API C

F-2

●●

●

API S

M●

●●

●

API S

L●

●●

●●

●●

●●

●

API S

J●

●●

●●

●●

●●

●●

●●

API S

H●

●●

●●

●●

●●

●●

●●

GLOB

AL D

HD-1

●●

JASO

DH-

1●

●

Mac

k EO

-O P

rem

ium

Plu

s ’0

7●

●

Mac

k EO

-N P

rem

ium

Plu

s ’0

3●

●●

●●

Mac

k EO

-N P

rem

ium

Plu

s●

●●

●●

Mac

k EO

-M/E

O-M

Plu

s●

●●

●●

●●

●

U.S.

CID

A-A

-523

06●

●

Ford

M2C

171-

D●

●●

●●

Ford

M2C

171-

C●

●●

●●

●●

●●

●

Gene

ral M

otor

s 99

8593

0●

●●

Cate

rpill

ar S

EBU

6385

●●

●

Cate

rpill

ar E

CF-3

●●

●

Cate

rpill

ar E

CF-1

**●

●●

●●

●●

●●

Cate

rpill

ar 3

600

●●

●●

Allis

on C

-4/C

ater

pilla

r TO-

2●

●●

●●

●●

●●

JASO

MA

●●

●●

●●

●●

●

Cum

min

s CE

S 20

081

●●

●

Cum

min

s CE

S 20

078

●●

●●

●

Cum

min

s CE

S 20

077

●●

Cum

min

s CE

S 20

076

●●

●●

●●

●

Cum

min

s CE

S 20

072

●

Cum

min

s CE

S 20

071

●●

●●

●●

●

Deer

e 64

66A

●●

Detro

it Di

esel

Pow

er G

uard

93K

218

●●

Detro

it Di

esel

Pow

er G

uard

93K

214

●●

●●

Detro

it Di

esel

, 7SE

270

2-St

roke

Cyc

le*

●●

●

Detro

it Di

esel

, 7SE

270

4-St

roke

Cyc

le●

●●

●

Detro

it Di

esel

, 7SE

273

(Ser

ies

2000

/400

0)●

●

DDC

93K

215

●●

Volv

o VD

S-4

●●

Volv

o VD

S-3

●●

●●

Volv

o VD

S-2

●●

●●

MB

228.

1/M

B 22

8.3

●●

MB

228.

31●

●

MB

229.

1●

●

MAN

271

, MAN

327

5●

●

MTL

504

4 (M

TU T

ype

1&2)

●●

VW 5

01/5

05●

●

ACEA

E2,

E7,

(E3,

E5)

●●

●●

ACEA

A3/

B3, A

3/B4

●●

*Det

roit

Die

sel r

ecom

men

ds a

n S

AE

40

grad

e on

ly fo

r 2-

stro

ke c

ycle

eng

ines

, exc

ept w

here

sta

rtin

g ai

ds a

re n

ot a

vaila

ble

or a

t ver

y co

ld te

mpe

ratu

res,

whe

n th

e us

e of

an

SA

E 1

5W-4

0 or

SA

E 3

0 w

ill fa

cilit

ate

star

ting.

**D

UR

ON

SY

NT

HE

TIC

5W-4

0 m

eets

the

low

ash

req

uire

men

t of C

AT

EC

F-1

.

3


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3


DIESELTONIC MOTOR OILPetro-Canada Dieseltonic Motor Oil is a special, single grade, low ash engineoil intended for use in all models of 2-stroke cycle Detroit Diesel engines,including the Series 149, operated in fleet, construction and stationaryapplications.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:Dieseltonic

SAE Grade 40Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 131

cSt @ 100°C 14.2SUS @ 100°F 684SUS @ 210°F 76

Viscosity Index 108Flash Point, °C / °F 251/484Pour Point, °C / °F -24/-11Phosphorus, % WtSulfur, % WtSulphated Ash, % Wt 0.7Total Base No. 8.0

Meets: API CF-2, CF, Detroit Diesel 7SE270 (2-Stroke), DetroitDiesel 6V92TA.

SENTRON - NATURAL GAS ENGINE OIL

SENTRON Oils are premium performance, long life, engine oils specificallydesigned to lubricate large natural gas engines and their integratedcompressors, running at gas plants and pipe-line compression stations, as wellas in co-generation, landfill and sewage gas operations.

SENTRON Oils are formulated with three different sulphated ash levels, i.e:

SENTRON 541C .................................. Ashless - less than 0.1% wt ash SENTRON 445, MG-440, 470, LD 5000,

LD 15W-40, FLEET 10W-40, FLEET 0W-30 .................................. Low Ash - 0.1 to 0.6% wt ash

SENTRON 840, CG-40 ......................... Medium Ash - 0.6 to 1.0 % wt ash

SENTRON 541C

SENTRON 541C is an SAE 40 oil containing an ashless additive package andis the prime recommendation for 2-stroke cycle engines, but may also be usedin certain 4-stroke cycle engines.

SENTRON 445

SENTRON 445 is a low ash SAE 40 oil that gives excellent performance inmost 4-stroke cycle gas engines and is also recommended for some 2-strokecycle engines. It may also be recommended for high power engines thatencounter high temperatures and heat soak conditions. SENTRON 445 issuitable for use in engines equipped with catalytic converters. It is approved by Deutz for low contaminated gases, and by Wartsila for Type34SG engines fuelled by natural gas.

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3


SENTRON MG-440

SENTRON MG-440 is a low ash, multigrade (15W-40) version of SENTRON445. The multigrade feature permits faster starting and improved lubricant flowat low ambient temperatures. SENTRON MG-440 is suitable for use inengines fitted with catalytic converters.

SENTRON 470

SENTRON 470 is a low ash SAE 40 oil especially designed for severeservice conditions imposed by high power output and extreme heat-soak.An additive boost provides the extra performance required for severeservice applications, including high output turbocharged engines with highexhaust gas temperatures. SENTRON 470 is suitable for use in enginesequipped with catalytic converters.

SENTRON LD 5000SENTRON LD 5000 is a low ash that is recommended for use in Caterpillar,Superior, Waukesha and other turbocharged, naturally aspirated and leanburn engine that require low ash natural engine oil. It incorporates additivesfor the extra performance required for severe service applications, includinghigh output, turbocharged engines that encounter high exhaust gastemperatures. SENTRON LD 5000 provides revolutionary performance for upto 200% and longer drain interval and exceptional overall engine protection formaximum reliability and savings. It is recommended by Waukesha for co-generation engines fuelled by pipeline gas.

SENTRON LD 5000 15W-40SENTRON LD 5000 15W-40 is a low ash synthetic blend oil that isrecommended for use in the same equipment that is noted under SENTRON LD5000 where outstanding deposit control is required as well as the other featuresand benefits of Sentron LD 5000. It is suited for cold environments wheretemperatures fall below -35°C/-32°F.

SENTRON FLEET 10W-40SENTRON FLEET 10W-40 is a low ash oil that is recommended for use innatural gas fuelled engines in heavy oil extraction that require high zinc forimproved valve train wear control. It is also recommended for agriculturalirrigation. Best for cold starts. Not recommended for engines equipped withcatalytic converters.

SENTRON FLEET 0W-30SENTRON FLEET 0W-30 is a low ash synthetic blend oil that is recommendedfor use in natural gas fuelled engines in heavy oil extraction and agriculturalirrigation that requires high zinc for improved valve train wear control. It is mostsuited in extreme cold environments where the environmental temperatures go tobelow -35°C.

SENTRON 840

SENTRON 840 is a medium ash SAE 40 oil, that is recommended for usein 4-stroke cycle gas engines.


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SENTRON CG-40

SENTRON CG-40 is a medium ash SAE 40 oil, that is specifically designed for 4-stroke cycle gas engines running in severe service, such as co-generation,landfill, or sewage gas operations. SENTRON CG-40 gives exceptionalperformance in turbo-charged, lean-burn and naturally aspirated gas engines,as well. It is suitable for use in engines equipped with catalytic converters. It is recommended by Waukesha for co-generation engines fuelled by pipelinegas.

Typical Characteristics for the SENTRON family are shown below:

541C CG40 840 LD 5000 LD 470 445 MG440 FLEET FLEET15W40 5000 0W30 10W40

Ash Type Ashless Medium Medium Low Low Low Low Low Low Low

SulphatedAsh, % Wt 0.02 0.92 0.73 0.57 0.57 0.51 0.45 0.45 0.54 0.5

SAE Grade 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 15W40 0W30 10W40

Viscosity,cSt @ 40°C 125 128 120 102 124 124 126 105 62 102

cSt @ 100°C 13.5 13.3 13.1 14.9 13.4 13.3 13.4 14.2 11 14.7

SUV @ 100°F 579 593 556 473 575 575 570 505 288 473

SUV @ 210°F 72 71 71 78 71 71 71 75 63 76.7

Pour Point, °C/°F -21/-6 -24/-11 -24/-11 -45/-49 -30/-22 -24/-11 -24/-11 -33/-27 -48/-54 -33/-27

Total Acid No. 0.7 0.7 2.0 1.1 1.1 1.6 0.6 0.9 1.6 1.6

Total Base No. 1.6 8.5 5.3 4.9 4.9 5.7 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1

Sentron Oils Selection Chart follows on next page


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3


SENTRON OILS SELECTION CHART

Manufacturer’sManufacturer Engine Type Engine Model Ash Level Recommendation

RequirementsAjax 2-stroke cycle All – Ashless <0.1% SENTRON 541C(Cooper Energy Service) preferred

Caterpillar 4-stroke cycle 3000 Series etc. 0.4% min SENTRON 445, MG440, 4700.6% max LD5000, LD5000 15W40

C.E.S. Superior 4-stroke cycle All except 1700 0.5 to 1.0% SENTRON 840, CG40, 470,(Cooper Energy Service) and 2400 LD5000, LD5000 15W40

4-stroke cycle 1700 and 2400 0.4% to 0.6% SENTRON 445, MG440, 470, LD5000,LD5000 15W40

Clark Brothers 2-stroke cycle All Ashless (Low SENTRON 541C(Dresser Ind.) Ash Acceptable) SENTRON 445, MG440, 470, LD5000,

LD5000 15W40

Cooper Bessemer 2-stroke cycle All – Ashless <0.1% SENTRON 541C(Cooper Energy Service) Preferred

4-stroke cycle All Low Ash SENTRON 445, MG440, 470, LD5000,LD5000 15W40

Cummins 4-stroke cycle L10 <0.5% SENTRON MG440

4-stroke cycle G, GTA 0.85 max SENTRON 445, MG440, 840, 470LD5000

Deutz MWM 4-stroke cycle Group D 0.5% max. SENTRON 445, MG440, 470, LD5000,LD5000 15W40

4-stroke cycle Group F 0.5% to .075% SENTRON 840

Guascor 4-stroke cycle All 0.9% max. SENTRON 445, 840, CG40, LD5000,LD5000 15W40, MG440, 470

Iveco 4-stroke cycle All 0.45% max. SENTRON 445, MG440

Ingersoll-Rand 4-stroke cycle Category I Approval based on SENTRON 541C(Dresser Ind.) field performance SENTRON 445, MG440, LD5000,

LD5000 15W40

4-stroke cycle Category II - III Approval based on SENTRON 445, CG40field performance MG440, 470, LD5000

Jenbacher 4-stroke cycle Leanox 0.6% – 1.0% max SENTRON CG40, LD5000,LD5000 15W40

4-stroke cycle Lambda I and <0.5% SENTRON 445, 470All Leanox

M.E.P., Fairbanks Morse 2-stroke cycle All 0.2% to 0.5% SENTRON 445, MG440, 4704-stroke cycle

MAN 4-stroke cycle All 0.4 to 0.7% SENTRON 445, MG440, 470, LD5000,LD5000 15W40

Perkins 4-stroke cycle All 0.5% min – 1.0% max SENTRON 840, CG40, 470, LD5000,LD5000 15W40

Ulstein Bergen 4-stroke cycle All 0.5% max SENTRON 445, MG440, 470

Wärtsilä 4-stroke cycle 150 SG, 175 SG, 0.3% min – 0.6% max SENTRON 445, MG440, 470, LD5000,25 SG, 28 SG, 34 SG LD5000 15W40

Waukesha Engine Div. 4-stroke cycle VSG F11 G, 0.35% – 1.0% SENTRON 445, 840, CG40, LD5000,(Dresser Ind.) GSI, GSID LD5000 15W40, MG440, 470

4-stroke cycle F817, F1197 0.35% – 1.0% SENTRON 445, 840, CG40, LD5000,LD5000 15W40, MG440, 470

4-stroke cycle Clinton G2476, Ashless preferred SENTRON 541C, 445,L3711, L3712, MG440, 470, LD5000,H2475, F1850, H884 LD5000 15W40

4-stroke cycle VHP F2895, F3521, Primary - SENTRON 445, L5108, L5790, L7042, 0.35% – 1.0%1 CG40, LD5000, MG440, 470P9390 G, GL, GLD Secondary - SENTRON 840

4-stroke cycle VGF, F-18, H24 0.35% – 0.55%1 Primary - SENTRON 445, MG440, 470L36, P48 G, GSI, GL Secondary- SENTRON 840

4-stroke cycle VGF, F-18, H24 0.45% - 0.75%1 SENTRON 445, MG440, 470L36, P48, GSID LD5000, LD5000 15W40

4-stroke cycle AT 25/27 8L GL 0.35% – 1.0%1 Primary - SENTRON 445,CG40, LD5000,AT 25/27 12L GL LD5000 15W40, MG440, 470AT 25/27 16V GL Secondary - SENTRON 840

4-stroke cycle VHP F3524, L5794, 0.45% – 0.75%1 Primary - SENTRON 445, MG440,L7044 GSI 470, LD5000L5774, L5794 LT Secondary - SENTRON 840

1 0.1% wt. Zn max. is recommended.


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3


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66

3


RALUBE – LOCOMOTIVE DIESEL ENGINE OILRalube oils are designed to lubricate large medium-speed diesel enginesdriving railroad locomotives, marine vessels and electric-power generators.

Ralube oils incorporate the latest chlorine-free additive chemistry, which givesimproved oxidation resistance, wear protection and deposit control.

Ralube oils are designed to provide the superior deposit control necessary forsevere railroad service. In addition, by minimizing engine deposits, they allowmaximum oil drain intervals to be achieved without any compromise in enginedurability.

Ralube oils are zinc-free for compatibility with silver plated or silver alloy bearings. Ralube oils have been tested and approved in railroad service, inclose co-operation with the major locomotive engine builders such as Electro-Motive Diesel, General Electric and ALCO. Electro-Motive Diesel andGeneral Electric list these oils as approved for use in their equipment.

Typical characteristics are shown below:Ralube

40 CF 1740 CFSAE Grade 40 40Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 146 146

cSt @ 100°C 14.6 14.7SUS @ 100°F 766 766SUS @ 210°F 78 78

Viscosity Index 98 99Flash Point, °C / °F 257/495 257/495Pour Point, °C / °F -3/+27 - 6/ +21Sulphated Ash, % Wt 1.4 1.8Total Base No. 13.6 17.9


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MARINE DIESEL ENGINE LUBRICANTSPetro-Canada markets five lines of marine diesel engine lubricants, which arelicensed from BP Marine.

� ENERGOL DL-MP – MULTI-PURPOSE DIESEL ENGINE LUBRICANT

Energol DL-MP is recommended for the crankcase lubrication of mediumspeed trunk piston engines, operating with ISO 8217 type DMA / DMB / DMCdistillate fuels. It may also be used in the crankcase of cross-head marineengines and has the necessary performance for the latest ‘camless’ designs.However, Engergol OE-HT 30 remains the primary recommendation systemoil for crosshead diesel engines.

Energol DL-MP is formulated with an appropriate detergency / dispersancycharacteristics ensuring a high level of engine crankcase cleanliness whichmeets API CD performance level.

Energol DL-MP is formulated with a total base number (TBN) of 9, which provides a stable level of alkalinity that is more than adequate to deal with thecombustion products of distillate fuels.


Energol DL-MP30 40

SAE Grade 30 40Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 100 138

cSt @ 100°C 11.5 14.0SUV @ 100°F 520 723SUV @ 210°F 65 75

Flash Point, °C / °F 224/435 230/446Pour Point, °C / °F -9/ +16 -9/+16Total Base No. 9 9

� ENERGOL IC-HFX – CRANKCASE/CYLINDER LUBRICANTFOR MEDIUM SPEED DIESEL ENGINES

Energol IC-HFX is designed for the lubrication of the crankcase and cylindersof medium-speed trunk piston engines, burning residual fuels.

The detergency properties of Energol IC-HFX minimize the carbon and varnishdeposits resulting from residual fuel combustion and in particular overcome“black paint” and its associated problems. Good dispersancy enables insolublecombustion products to be removed by centrifuging or filtration.

Energol IC-HFX oils come in two alkalinity levels (30 and 40 TBN) to cope withdifferent fuel sulphur levels.


Energol IC-HFX303 304

SAE Grade 30 40Viscosity cSt @ 100°C 11.5 14.0

SUV @ 210°F 65 75Flash Point, °C / °F 254/489 270/518Pour Point, °C / °F -24/+11 -15/+5Total Base No. 30 30


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� ENERGOL DS3 – TRUNK PISTON ENGINE LUBRICANTEnergol DS3 is a high detergent diesel engine oil designed for the lubricationof highly rated, high speed trunk piston engines running on distillate fuels.Engines of this type are often used to power large fishing and supply boats ordrive diesel generators. Energol DS3 is especially recommended for VolvoPenta engines used to power pleasure craft and fishing boats.Energol DS3 is formulated with a detergency level in excess of the requirementsof U.S. MIL-L-2104C and API category CD. The diesel detergency of the Energol DS3 line is superior to that of Energol DL-MP.The reserve alkalinity of Energol DS3 (15 TBN) is sufficient for use in mostengines running on distillate fuels containing up to 1.0% sulphur.Typical Characteristics are shown below:

Energol DS3153 154

SAE Grade 30 40Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 100 139

cSt @ 100°C 11.5 14.0SUV @ 100°F 520 730SUV @ 210°F 65 75

Flash Point, °C / °F 220/428 224/435Pour Point, °C / °F -18/ +0.4 -9/+16Total Base No. 15 15

� ENERGOL OE-HT 30 – CROSSHEAD ENGINE SYSTEM OILEnergol OE-HT 30 is a high performance multi-functional alkaline lubricantdesigned for use as a crankcase lubricant in all types of low speed marinecrosshead engines.Energol OE-HT 30 shows high thermal and oxidative stability, which minimizesoil degradation at high piston undercrown temperatures. Energol OE-HT 30 isdesigned with enough detergency to minimize the formation of piston undercrowndeposits on oil cooled pistons. It also contains sufficient alkalinity to protect against acidic combustion products.Energol OE-HT 30 may be centrifuged to remove water and insoluble particlecontamination.Typical Characteristics are shown below:

EnergolOE-HT 30


cSt @ 100°C 11.5SUV @ 100°F 548SUV @ 210°F 65

Flash Point, °C / °F 230/446Pour Point, °C / °F -9/+16Total Base No. 6


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� ENERGOL CLO 50M – CYLINDER LUBRICANTFOR CROSSHEAD DIESEL ENGINES

Energol CLO 50M is a single phase alkaline oil designed to lubricate thecylinder liners and piston rings of modern, low speed crosshead type,diesel engines burning residual fuels containing sulphur typically in therange 2.5-3.5%.Energol CLO 50M is formulated using an ashless dispersant additive, whichensures maximum engine cleanliness, i.e. ring pack and scavenge space,which extends the time between routine overhauls.Energol CLO 50M contains a large reserve of alkalinity (TBN=70), which provides full protection against corrosion when burning residual fuels.


EnergolCLO 50M


cSt @ 100°C 19.5SUV @ 100°F 1190SUV @ 210°F 98

Flash Point, °C/ °F 197/387Pour Point, °C / F - 9/+16Total Base No. 70


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AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDSAutomatic Transmission Fluids (ATFs) are among the most complex lubricants on themarket today. Containing as many as 15 components, ATFs represent a carefulbalance of properties needed to meet the unique requirements of automatictransmissions. They may be described as viscometrically similar to SAE 0W-20 gradeoils, but with exceptionally good low temperature properties. ATFs contain some ofthe same additives as engine oils, but have additional components to give specialfrictional properties and exceptional oxidation resistance. Their excellent lowtemperature fluidity and antiwear properties, enable automatic transmission fluids toperform well as hydraulic fluids in industrial equipment and air compressors, providedthat water separation is not required.These fluids perform five basic functions:� Transmit hydrodynamic energy in the torque converter.� Transmit hydrostatic energy in hydraulic logic control circuits and

servomechanisms.� Lubricate shaft bearings, thrust bearings, and gears. � Transmit sliding friction energy in bands and clutches.� Act as a heat transfer medium controlling automatic transmission operating

temperatures.Automatic transmission fluid specifications are in a state of flux and now there areseveral types of fluid specified for North American automatic transmissions. The mostwidely marketed fluid by far, is DEXRON®-III/ MERCON® ATF, a friction modified fluid,recommended for transmission top-up or refill, by most automobile manufacturers forlate model vehicles (prior to 2006). For 2006 model year and onward General Motorsvehicles, the required fluid is DEXRON®-VI. Ford Motor Company requires all itsautomatic transmissions, to be serviced with MERCON®V fluid (except whereMERCON® SP is specified). Ford Type F, a non friction-modified fluid, is stillrequired for 1979 and earlier Ford or other older import cars. DaimlerChryslernow recommends ATF+4® fluid be used in their transmissions for all model years.

PETRO-CANADA ATF D3MPetro-Canada ATF D3M demonstrates outstanding oxidative and thermal stability,giving extremely long service life under severe operating conditions. The fluid’soperating range is between –40°C and +160°C. It has been tested extensively andmeets General Motors specification 6297M and Ford specification M2C185A. ATFD3M is fully qualified for use in transmissions where a fluid meeting the formerDEXRON®-III(H), -III(G), -II(E), or MERCON® specifications were recommended.Petro-Canada ATF D3M is designed to meet the severe requirements of the AllisonC-4 and V-730D specifications for transmission/torque converter fluids. It also meets the Caterpillar T0-2 specification and is approved for use in ClarkPowershift Transmissions down to –30°C. It is also approved for use in transmissionsmanufactured by Renke.Petro-Canada ATF D3M also acts as an excellent hydraulic fluid and it surpasses theperformance of most top quality antiwear hydraulic fluids or motor oils. It is alsosuitable for use with Sundstrand, Rexnord, Vickers and Hagglunds-Denison (exceptcertain axial piston) hydraulic pumps.Petro-Canada ATF D3M is superior to 10W motor oils commonly used in mobileequipment hydraulic systems, because it has a better cold starting performance,superior materials compatibility and a greater resistance to oxidation. It may be used inpower steering units specifying a DEXRON®-III or II type fluid. It is dyed red for easyidentification.

DEXRON®-VI and DEXRON®-III are registered trademarks of General Motors CorporationMERCON® is a registered trademark of Ford Motor CorporationATF+4® is a registered trademark of DaimlerChrysler Corporation


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PETRO-CANADA SYNTHETIC BLEND ATFPetro-Canada Synthetic Blend ATF is Petro-Canada’s Multi-Vehicle ATF fluidand exhibits all of the superior qualities listed above for ATF D3M. It meets allof the requirements of Ford, MERCON® and Allison C-4 specifications. It isfully qualified for use in transmissions where a fluid meeting the former DEXRON®-III(H), -III(G), -II(E), or MERCON® specifications wererecommended. It is also suitable for use in a wide range of North American,European and Asian vehicles that specify these credentials.

PETRO-CANADA ATF TYPE FAs noted earlier, this fluid differs from ATF D3M in its frictional properties, asthey relate to the design of old, pre-1980, Ford automatic transmissions. ATFType F meets requirements of the obsolete Ford specification ESW-M2C33-F.ATF Type F is sometimes specified by other equipment OEMs who want anon-friction modified fluid.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDTYPICAL CHARACTERISTICSTypical Characteristics of Petro-Canada Synthetic Blend ATF, ATF D3M and ATF Type F are shown below:

Petro-Canada Petro-Canada Petro-CanadaATF D3M ATF Type F Synthetic

Blend ATFViscosity cSt @ 40°C 34 41 35

cSt @ 100°C 7.7 8.2 7.9SUS @ 100°F 171 207 176SUS @ 210°F 51.8 53 52.6

Viscosity Index 210 180 208Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ - 18°C – 970 –

cP @ - 20°C 990 – 900cP @ - 40°C 12,100 23,260 9,300

Pour Point, °C / °F -51/-60 -48/-54 -46/-51Flash Point, °C / °F 185/365 204/399 187/369Colour Red Red Red

VEHICLE APPLICATIONS

DEXRON®-III/MERCON®

Petro-Canada ATF D3M is approved for use in General Motors (prior to 2006), and Ford (1980 to 1996) vehicles. It also meets or exceeds the requirements of:

*Except Borg-Warner transmissions

Alfa RomeoAmerican MotorsAudiBMWDaewooDatsun/NissanFiatGeo

InfinitiJaguar*LexusMazdaMerkurMercedes-BenzMitsubishiPeugeot

PorscheRenaultRoverSaturnSaab (4-speed)SterlingSuzukiSubaru

Toyota (except 4-speed 1981-83)

VolkswagenVolvo (1984 onwards)


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Type F FluidPetro-Canada ATF D3M Automatic Transmission Fluid is not recommended forthe vehicles listed below. They require Petro-Canada ATF Type F Fluid.

(The above listings are only a guide. Consult your vehicle owner’s manual for specificrecommendations.)

PETRO-CANADA DEXRON®-VI ATFAUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDPetro-Canada DEXRON®-VI is an exceptional automatic transmission fluidapproved by General Motors for use in vehicles with automatic transmissions.This unique fluid is specially formulated to provide twice the service life of aDEXRON®-III (H) ATF and offers enhanced performance for both new andolder transmissions. It is designed to protect your transmission throughimproved oxidation resistance, friction durability, shear stability and wearprotection to help meet warranty protection requirements in late modelvehicles. Designed to provide responsive shift feel throughout the life of the oil,Petro-Canada DEXRON®-VI ATF consistently protects your car and trucktransmission longer than all previous DEXRON® type fluids.

Petro-Canada DEXRON®-VI ATF was developed in conjunction with GeneralMotors fluid design criteria for all 2006 and beyond model year vehicles withautomatic transmissions. General Motors recommends the use of DEXRON®-VI for all automatic transmissions including those prior to 2006model year. It is fully back serviceable where the former DEXRON®-III(H), -III(G) and -IIE specifications were recommended. Meets GM latest service fillspecification, GMN10060.


DEXRON®VI ATFViscosity cSt @ 40°C 29.8

cSt @ 100°C 6.0Viscosity Index 151Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ - 20°C 1,053

cP @ - 30°C 3,164cP @ - 40°C 12,030

Pour Point, °C / °F -54/-65Flash Point, °C / °F 206/403Colour Red

Ford (1978 & earlier models where Type F fluid isspecified)

Jaguar (Borg-Warner)Mazda (1981-85)

Saab (3-speed)Toyota (4-speed 1981-83)Volvo (1984 BW55 & 1981-83)


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PETRO-CANADA ATF+4®

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDPetro-Canada ATF+4® is an automatic transmission fluid specially formulatedto meet the needs of Chrysler automatic transmissions. This highly shear-stable fluid delivers superior shift performance and wear protection in theChrysler transmissions for which it was designed. Meets Chrysler MS-9602specifications. Suitable for top-up or complete fluid changes. It may also beused where earlier Chrysler fluids, such as Chrysler ATF+3® wererecommended. Petro-Canada ATF+4® contributes to the overall performanceof the transmission by delivering optimized shift efficiency, exceptionaloxidation and shear stability and extended drain intervals over ATF+3® fluids.


PETRO-CANADA ATF+4®

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 33.24cSt @ 100°C 7.51SUS @ 100°F 167SUS @ 210°F 51

Viscosity Index 204Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ - 29°C 2,050

cP @ - 40°C 8,380Pour Point, °C / °F -51/-60Flash Point, °C / °F 198/388Colour Red

PETRO-CANADA HEAVY DUTY SYNTHETIC BLENDAUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUIDPetro-Canada’s Heavy Duty Synthetic Blend ATF is suitable for use in heavy duty fleets for up to 50,000 miles in severe service and 100,000 miles in normal service. Fully qualified against Allison C-4, Caterpillar TO-2,ZF TE-ML.14.B, Voith G607 & G1363 and Ford MERCON®V specifications.Fully qualified for use in transmissions where a fluid meeting the formerDEXRON®-III(H), -III(G), -II(E), or MERCON® specifications wererecommended. Also, suitable for use in Applications where an Allison TES-295 fluid is specified.


Petro-CanadaHeavy Duty Synthetic Blend ATF

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 34cSt @ 100°C 7.8SUS @ 100°F 173SUS @ 210°F 51.9

Viscosity Index 208Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ - 40°C 9,700Pour Point, °C / °F -51/-60Flash Point, °C / °F 189/372Colour Red


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AUTOMOTIVE GEAR OILSAutomotive gear oils protect gears, bearings and cross-shafts from prematurefailure, assure reliable equipment operation and increase transmission anddifferential service life. Automotive gear oils achieve this by performing thefollowing three vital functions:– Minimizing friction and wear

A fluid film of oil must be maintained between gear teeth at all times toprevent metal-to-metal contact between gear surfaces under extremepressure conditions. Hypoid gear drives are especially tough systems tolubricate, since the gear contact motion severely shears the oil with slidingas well as rolling motions and the gears are severely shock loaded.

– Providing oxidation stability A gear oil should resist degradation and sludging so that harmful viscosityIncrease is minimized over time.

– Cooling the gear surfaces Gear components are prevented from destructive over-heating, bycirculating oil through the bearing and gear mesh zones, where frictionalheat is generated.

– Inhibiting rust and corrosion A gear oil must be non-corrosive to bronze, and protect steel surfacesagainst rust, especially when water contamination is present.

– Maintaining long clutch life and preventing seal leaksClutches used in wet brakes and manual transmissions can become “glazed”and lose their function, if gear oils decompose at high temperatures. Gearoils must, therefore, be thermally stable. Undesirable decompositionproducts can also coat seals with carbon, causing leakage.


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GEAR OIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS

SAE VISCOSITY GRADEGear lubricants must flow freely when the axle is cold, yet have sufficientthickness or viscosity to lubricate at normal operating temperatures.Axle and transmission lubricant viscosity is indicated in the table below. Eachviscosity grade has distinct criteria for low and high temperature performance.

AXLE AND MANUAL TRANSMISSIONLUBRICANT VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATION

SAE J306 (June 2005)

SAE Max. TemperatureViscosity for Viscosity of Kin. Viscosity @ 100°C, cSt (3)

Grade 150,000 cP (°C) (1,2) Minimum (4) Maximum70W –55 4.1 —75W –40 4.1 —80W –26 7.0 —85W –12 11.0 —80 — 7.0 <11.085 — 11.0 <13.590 — 13.5 <18.5110 — 18.5 <24.0140 — 24.0 <32.5190 — 32.5 <41.0250 — 41.0 —

NOTE – 1cP = 1 mPa•s; 1 cSt = 1mm2/s

1. Using ASTM D 2983.

2. Additional low-temperature viscosity requirements may be appropriate for fluids intended for use in light dutysynchronized manual transmissions. See text.

3. Using ASTM D445.

4. Limit must also be met after testing in CEC L-45-A-99, Method C (20 hours).

SAE viscosity selection should be based on the minimum and maximumservice temperatures. Today’s most commonly used gear lubricants are multi-graded (e.g. 75W-90, 80W-90 and 85W-140). These fluids meet both the lowand high temperature requirements for the combined grades.For example, an 80W-90 oil must have the low temperature fluidity of an 80Was well as the thickness of a 90 grade at higher temperatures.


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API SERVICE DESIGNATIONSAutomotive gear lubricant performance is defined by the type of service it canbe expected to perform satisfactorily. The API service designations weredeveloped to assist manufacturers and end-users select gear lubricants for avariety of operating conditions.

The API service designations range from GL-1 to GL-5 and describe gear lubricants in terms of general type, severity of service and application. Thefollowing table lists these designations.

The most commonly specified and available type of automotive gear lubricantin North America is API GL-5. In Europe and other parts of the world, APIGL-4 oils are used as frequently as API GL-5.

API SERVICE CLASSIFICATION

Classifications Type Typical ApplicationGL-1 Straight mineral oil Automotive manual

(inactive) transmissions

GL-2 Usually contains fatty Worm gear drives,materials (inactive) industrial gear oils

GL-3 Contains mild EP additive Manual transmissions and(inactive) spiral bevel final drives

GL-4 Equivalent to obsolete Manual transmissions,MIL-L-2105 Specification. spiral bevel and hypoidUsually satisfied by 50% gears where moderateGL-5 additive level service prevails

GL-5 Equivalent to SAE J2360 Used for moderate and(formerly MIL-PRF-2105E) severe service in hypoidSpecification. Primary field and all other types ofservice recommendation of gears. Also may be used inmost passenger cars and manual transmissions.truck builders worldwide

GL-6 (obsolete.) Severe service involvinghigh-offset hypoid gears.

MT-1 Equivalent to SAE J2360 Non-synchronized manualSpecification. Formulated transmissions, used into protect against thermal buses and trucksdegradation, wear and oilseal degradation

Each automobile manufacturer has a set of unique test requirements for rearaxle factory-fill. An API GL-5 lubricant generally satisfies the majority of theserequirements and is often recommended for service-fill.

NOTE – SAE J2360 is equivalent to GL-5 + MT-1


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LIMITED SLIP DIFFERENTIALSIn conventional differentials the same torque is applied to both wheels, regardless of traction conditions. Thus, if one wheel is on a surface with lowenough traction for the applied torque to exceed the traction, that wheel willbreak loose and spin until it is revolving at twice the speed of the ring gear andthe other wheel has stopped turning. All the power will then be delivered to thespinning wheel and no power will be transmitted to the wheel with traction.Limited slip or torque biasing, and locking type differentials have been developed to overcome this.

Limited slip differentials found on passenger cars all operate on the same principle. Clutches are inserted between the side gears and the case. Whenthe clutches are engaged they lock the side gears to the case and prevent thedifferential action. Either stacked plate or cone type clutches are used for thispurpose.

Torque biasing or locking differentials are used on trucks and off-highway . Some locking differentials lock and unlock automatically, while others arearranged so the operator can lock them when full traction is needed at bothdriving wheels.

Petro-Canada TRAXON* E and TRAXON are generally recommended fortop-up in limited slip differentials, see page 78.

MACK GO-J & GO-J PLUS SPECIFICATIONS(SAE 75W-90, 80W-90, 80W-140 & 85W-140 grades)

Manufacturers of trucks and components play an important role in designingthe quality and performance level of the lubricants available to their customers.The truck gear performance requirements that have become quite important inthe past few years are the up-graded API GL-5 requirements .... Mack GO-Jand Mack GO-J Plus. Mack GO-J is designed to deliver 250,000 mile /2 yeardrain intervals and Mack GO-J Plus 500,000 mile/3 year drain intervals,both in over-the-road service. To qualify for a Mack GO-J or Mack GO-J Pluslisting, an oil must pass all the tests required for a MIL-PRF-2105E approval,and in addition satisfy three further tests:

• The Mack Power Divider Snap Test (MAT 700 WI), which measures an oil’sability to minimize noise and reduce the wear of cams and wedges in aMack Power Divider differential.

• The Mack Transmission Cycling Test (ASTM D5579), which measures theability of an oil to prevent glazing and clogging of gear synchronizer plates,requires a Mack GO-J oil to provide satisfactory shifting after 65,000 cyclesand a Mack GO-J Plus, extended drain oil, to provide satisfactory shiftingafter 97,500 cycles.

Mack Truck requires these additional performance levels above API GL-5,because of the continuing increase in truck engine power. Truck drive-lines inthe late 1990’s handle power loads that are nearly three times what they werein the early 1960’s, when API GL-5 was first developed.


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TRAXON* GEAR OILTRAXON* is Petro-Canada’s premium multi-grade line of gear oils. TRAXONgear oils are specially formulated to provide excellent shear stability and longoil life for outstanding long-lasting protection to help you extend equipment lifeand reduce downtime and maintenance costs.

TRAXON gear oils are designed for use in most manual transmissions (excluding synchromesh manual transmissions) differentials, power take-offunits and final drives found on passenger cars, trucks, and off-highwayvehicles used in construction, farm, forestry and mining operations.

TRAXON gear oils meet API GL-5 and MT-1 requirements and are designedto meet or exceed the SAE J2360 Global Standard.

TRAXON gear oils are suitable for most oil lubricated universal joints, wheelbearings, planetary gear sets, steering gears as well as certain industrial gearreducers requiring GL-3, GL-4, or GL-5 oils.

Due to specific lubrication requirements TRAXON gear oils must not be usedin:

� Automatic Transmissions

� Powershift Transmissions

� Hydrostatic drives and systems that include the lubrication of wet clutchesand brakes

� Manual Transaxles on front wheel drive vehicles where an automatic transmission fluid or engine oil is specified

� Spicer Manual Transmissions where single grade engine oils are specified

TRAXON* 80W-90 – HIGH PERFORMANCE PROTECTIONTRAXON 80W-90 provides outstanding long-lasting protection for reduced downtime and maintenance costs.

� Outstanding shear stability which ensures retention of viscosity to protectequipment against metal-to-metal contact and wear, especially in highertemperatures

� Resists degradation and sludging for longer oil life with fewer change-outsand better protection of gears

� Approved against SAE J2360 (formerly MIL-PRF-2105E), Mack GO-J, andZF TE-ML 05A, 16B, 17B, 19B


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TRAXON* XL SYNTHETIC BLEND 75W-90 – PREMIUM PROTECTIONTRAXON XL Synthetic Blend 75W-90 provides the same great superior long-lasting protection as TRAXON 80W-90 plus you also get better low temperature protection and more efficient operating performance which couldultimately lead to lower fuel consumption.

� Excellent shear stability which ensures retention of viscosity to protectequipment against metal-to-metal contact and wear, especially in high temperatures

� Excellent resistance to degradation and sludging for longer oil life with fewerchange-outs and better protection of gears

� Excellent protection for cold weather conditions which means better gearprotection at low temperatures and easier start-ups and cold weather shifting

� Better torque efficiency vs. GL-5 80W-90s (from 20°C to 45°C at moderateloads) for reduced friction and lubricant drag and a smoother, more efficientoperating performance which may lead to lower fuel consumption

� Approved against SAE J2360, Mack GO-J and ZF TE-ML 05A specifica-tions, 12E, 16B, 17B, 19B

TRAXON* SYNTHETIC 75W-90 – ULTIMATE ALL SEASON PROTECTIONTRAXON Synthetic 75W-90 offers your equipment the same remarkable performance package as TRAXON XL Synthetic Blend plus it also providesyour gears with outstanding protection in extreme cold weather conditions forassurance that your equipment is protected in the most extreme conditions.

� Excellent shear stability which ensures retention of viscosity to protectequipment against metal-to-metal contact and wear, especially in high temperatures

� Protection in extreme cold weather conditions which means easier start-upsand cold weather shifting plus the peace-of-mind in knowing that your equipment is protected in the most extreme conditions

� Better torque efficiency vs. GL-5 80W-90s (from 20°C to 45°C at moderateloads) for reduced friction and lubricant drag and a smoother, more efficientoperating performance which may lead to lower fuel consumption

� Suitable for use where Mack GO-J or SAE J2360 (formerly MIL-PRF-2105E) specifications are called for


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Typical Characteristics are shown below:TRAXON XL TRAXON

TRAXON Synthetic Blend Synthetic80W-90 75W-90 75W-90

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 140 107 99.6cSt @ 100°C 15.1 16.5 16.5SUS @ 100°F 733 544 462SUS @ 210°F 79.3 85 84

Viscosity Index 109 168 179Flash Point, °C / °F 215/419 183/361 173/345Pour Point, °C / °F -33/ -27 -42/ -44 -51/-60Low TemperatureViscosity, cP @ °C/°F 132,000@ -26/-15 138,000@ -40/-40 67,200@ -40/-40Phosphorus, % Wt 0.10 0.11 0.11Sulphur, % Wt 1.94 2.12 1.79


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Petro-Canada’s TRAXON line includes 140 weight oils for situations wheretough, high-load, high operating temperatures are encountered and where aSAE 140 GL-5 gear oil is required.

TRAXON* 85W140 – HIGH PERFORMANCE PROTECTION� Outstanding shear stability and anti-wear EP additives protects equipment in

tough, high-load, high operating temperature conditions for extended equipment life and reduced maintenance costs

� Excellent resistance to degradation and sludging for long fluid life to reducemaintenance costs and increase uptime

� Approved against SAE J2360 (formerly MIL-PRF-2105E), Mack GO-Jspecifications and ZF TE-ML 05A, 16D 19B

TRAXON* XL SYNTHETIC BLEND 80W140 –PREMIUM PROTECTION� Excellent shear stability which ensures retention of viscosity to protect

equipment against metal-to-metal contact and wear, especially in tough,high-load, extreme high operating conditions

� Superior resistance to degradation and sludging vs. GL-5 85W-140 oils forlonger lasting oil life which helps reduce maintenance costs and increaseuptime

� Better torque efficiency vs. mineral based GL-5 85W-140 oils (20°C to 45°Cat moderate loads) for reduced friction and lubricant drag and a smoother,more efficient operating performance which may lead to lower fuel consumption

� Recommended where a SAE J2360 (formerly MIL-PRF-2105E), Mack GO-Jor ZF TE-ML 05A specification is required

Approved against ZF 05A, 12E, 16D & 19BTypical characteristics are shown below:

TRAXONXL Synthetic Blend

85W-140 80W-140Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 344 255

cSt @ 100°C 25.6 25.2SUS @ 100°F 1835 1333SUS @ 212°F 126 124

Viscosity Index 97 127Flash Point, °C / °F 214/417 193/379Pour Point, °C / °F -15/ +5 -36/-33Low TemperatureViscosity, cP @ ºC/ºF 62,000@ -12/10 105,200@ -26/-15Phosphorus, % Wt 0.09 0.09Sulphur, % Wt 2.00 1.84


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TRAXON E Synthetic is Petro-Canada’s line of Eaton (Dana)/Road Ranger/ Arvin-Meritor-Approved synthetic gear and transmission lubricants. They arerecommended for those customers who need to maintain anEaton/Roadranger “extended warranty.” The line consists of three viscositygrades:

TRAXON E SYNTHETIC 75W-90 AND 80W-140� Contain extreme pressure additives and are specially formulated to operate

under a variety of load conditions and protect gears and bearings againstrust, corrosion and oxidation

� Exceptional resistance to oxidation for long lubricant life which extends drainintervals between change-outs for maximized oil life and less downtime

� High viscosity indices, good low temperature properties and extremely low channel points provide superior protection over a wide range of temperatures for increased productivity

� Possible improved fuel mileage capability provides reduced costs

TRAXON E SYNTHETIC CD-50� Provides superior year-round performance where a non-EP transmission

lubricant is required

� Contains an anti-wear additive, as well as rust, oxidation and corrosioninhibitors to protect vital transmission parts in severe heat, oxidation andshear conditions

� Less transmission friction and drag helps increase fuel economy

� Long lubricant life provides extended drain capabilities for less change-outsand reduced maintenance

Typical characteristics are shown below:TRAXON E Synthetic

75W-90 80W-140 CD-50Viscosity, cSt @ 40°C 121 290 132

cSt @ 100°C 16.8 31.2 17.5SUS @ 100°F 621 1507 679SUS @ 212°F 86 151 89

Viscosity Index 150 147 146Flash Point, °C/°F 201/394 221/430 221/430Pour Point, °C/°F -48/-54 -42/-44 <-45/<-49Brookfield Viscosity,

cP @ -18°C/0°F 7,125 –cP @ -20°C/-4°F – – –cP @ -26°C/-15°F – 71,200 –cP @ -30°C/-22°F – – 24,550cP @ -40°C/-40°F 143,000 – 104,000


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DURATRAN - TRACTOR TRANSMISSION-HYDRAULICFLUIDThe Duratran line of heavy duty transmission-hydraulic fluids is designed foruse in farm tractors with a common oil system for transmission, differential,hydraulic, power take-off, wet brake and power-steering mechanisms.Compared to competitive tractor fluids, Duratran fluids offer:• Outstanding resistance to breakdown caused by oxidation and high

temperatures Formulated with our HT Severely Hydrocracked and Severely HydroIsomerized base oils and special oxidation inhibitors, Duratran fluidsstrongly resist sludge and varnish build-up, as well as fluid thickening andso extend fluid change intervals considerably, past the OEMrecommendations.

• Protection against transmission gear wearDuratran fluids exceed John Deere Extreme Pressure (EP) and Final DriveGear Wear test requirements and perform well in the demanding Vickershydraulic pump wear test. These features provide excellent wear protectionto bearings and gears under demanding, shock-loaded operatingconditions.

• Exceptional Low Temperature PerformanceFormulated with our HT Severely Hydrocracked and Severely HydroIsomerized base oils, Duratran fluids demonstrate exceptional lowtemperature fluidity, which allows easier cold weather starting of allequipment, even at very low temperatures. Duratran XL Synthetic Blendand Duratran Synthetic may be used at temperatures down to - 40°C.

• Controlled Frictional PropertiesDuratran fluids have superior shear stability and the correct balance oflubricity and friction for the optimal operation of brakes, clutches and power-take off mechanisms. This helps prevent brake noise and brakechatter.

Typical characteristics are shown below:Duratran Duratran Duratran

XL Synthetic Blend SyntheticViscosity cSt @ 40°C 60.1 39.2 46.8

cSt @ 100°C 9.5 8.3 10.0SUS@ 100°F 307 198 235SUS@ 210°F 57.9 53.6 62.4

Viscosity Index 141 196 207Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ - 20°C 2670 1300 1260

cP @ - 35°C 23,700 – –cP @ - 40°C 61,200 13,500 15,740

Pour Point, °C / °F -45/-49 -50/-58 -47/-51Flash Point, °C / °F 239/462 219/426 225/437Total Base No. 10.6 10.4 10.0


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Duratran meets the requirements of John Deere specification J20C whileDuratran XL Synthetic Blend meets the requirements of John Deerespecification J20D. Duratran Synthetic meets both John Deere specificationJ20C and J20D. All three Duratran fluids also meet or exceed the field-performance requirements of all North American tractor manufacturers, aswell as manufacturers from elsewhere in the world. Duratran fluids arerecommended, where the following specifications are called for:

• Farm TractorsJohn Deere ............................ J20C (Duratran, Duratran Synthetic); J20D

(Duratran XL Synthetic Blend, Duratran Syn-thetic)

CNH (Case I.H., J.I. Case New Holland Group) ............... MS 1209, MS 1210/JIC 145, MS 1230,

MS 1205, MS 1206, MS 1207, MS 1204/JIC185, JIC 145, JIC 144, JIC 143, B-5, B6FNHA-2-C-201.00, FNHA-2-201A (134D),FNHA-2-C-200.00, ESN-M2C134-D,ESN-M2C134-A/B/C, ESN-M2C86-B, ESN-M2C53-A, ESN-M2C48-B

White Farm (Oliver) ................ Q-1826, Q-1802, Q-1766B, Q-1722, Q-1705

Massey-Ferguson .................. M-1141, M-1135, M-1129-A, M-1127-A/B,M-1110

AGCO / Deutz-Allis / Allis........ Power Fluid 821XL, 257541, 272843,246634

Kubota UDT, Steiger, Versatile, Landini, Hesston-Fiat, Volvo, WB101ZF Transmissions (TE ML 03E, 03F, 05F, 0GK)

• Transmissions and DifferentialsAPI GL-4 (Manual Transmissions, Spiral Bevel Axles, and Hypoid gears in

moderate service) Allison C-3 Caterpillar TO-2 Sundstrand Hydrostatic Transmission Fluid Dresser Construction Equipment Division Clark Lift Truck Transmission Fluid TA12, TA18, HR 500, HR 600

• Hydraulic PumpsParker / Abex / DenisonEaton / Vickers M-2950-S, 1-286-SPlessey-Sundstrand


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PRODURO TO-4+ – TRANSMISSION/DRIVE TRAIN OILPRODURO TO-4+ products are a line of Transmission and Drive Train Oils(TDTO) formulated to exceed Caterpillar’s TO-4 requirements for transmissionand drive line fluids.

PRODURO TO-4+ oils are available in five viscosity grades: SAE 10W, 30, 50, 60,XL Lo Temp and Synthetic All-Season. The last two products contain special base-stocks which confer multigrade pumpability equivalent to 0W20 and 5W30respectively. They have been fully tested and comply with the performancerequirements of Caterpillar TO-4 and Allison C-4. They are recommended for use in manual transmissions and drive lines, where a TO-4 oil is recommended, or to replaceProduro TO-4 and TO-2 oils.


PRODURO TO-4+ Synthetic

Blend SyntheticSAE Grade 10W 30 50 60 LoTemp All-SeasonViscositycSt @ 40°C 88 88 209 361 35 58cSt @ 100°C 6.5 11.0 18.4 26.4 7.4 10.8SUV @ 100°F 195 456 1104 1925 178 294SUV @ 210°F 47 64 94 130 50 63

Viscosity Index 124 110 97 97 184 178HT/HS @ 150C 2.4 3.5 5.0 7.0 2.7 3.7Flash Point, °C / °F 239/462 259/498 277/531 253/487 209/408 231/448Pour Point, °C / °F -33/-27 -27/-17 -12/10 -12/10 -51/-60 -48/-54Cold Crank Viscosity, cP @ °C / °F 3220@ -25/-13 10,433@ -20/-4 11,167@ -10/14 15,854@ -5C/23 4400@ -35/-31 7061@ -35/-31

Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ °C / °F 48,100@ -35/-31 77,100@ -25/-13 107,200@ -15/5 33,250@ -10/14 12,880@ -40/-40 17,150@ -35/-31

Performance Level Caterpillar Caterpillar Caterpillar Caterpillar Caterpillar CaterpillarTO-4 (June 05) TO-4 (June 05) TO-4 (June 05) TO-4 (June 05) TO-4 (June 05) TO-4 (June 05)

Allison C-4 Allison C-4 Allison C-4 – – Allison C-4API CD API CD API CD API CD – API CD

API GL-3 API GL-3 API GL-3 API GL-3 – API GL-3ZF TE-ML 03C ZF TE-ML 03C – – – ZF TE-ML 03C


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New P.C. Recommendations Based on Viscometrics (T0-4)

Application SAE GradeHydrostatic Transmissions 10W -22 to +40

Synthetic All Season -34 to +40Hydraulic 10W -22 to +40

30 +10 to +50 Synthetic Blend Lo Temp -40 to +40

Synthetic All Season -34 to +50**Powershift Transmissions 10W -22 to +40

30 -9 to +3550 +5 to +50

Synthetic Blend Lo Temp -40 to +10Synthetic All Season -34 to +35

**Final Drives on Highway 10W -32 to 030 -25 to +25 50 -10 to +5060 -9 to +55

Synthetic Blend Lo Temp -45 to 0Synthetic All Season -37 to +25

**Final Drives off Highway 10W -32 to -1030 -25 to +15 50 -10 to +5060 -9 to +55

Synthetic Blend Lo Temp -45 to -10Synthetic All Season -37 to +15

PRODURO FD-1 60 – FINAL DRIVE AND AXLE LUBRICANTProduro FD-1 60 is the primary recommendation for the final drives and axlesof Caterpillar off-highway equipment, especially those that operate undersevere conditions. Produro FD-1 60 provides improved gear and bearing life infinal drives and axles and can be used in final drives and axles that previouslyspecified TO-4 lubricants and do not contain friction material and / or wetbrakes. Produro FD-1 60 should not be used in compartments containing friction material unless a FD-1 type of product is specified. This product is notfor use in engines, transmission hydraulic systems, or older Caterpillar (pre-2000) final drive technology.


Produro FD-1 60SAE Grade 60Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 341

cSt @ 100°C 26.7SUV @ 100°F 1809SUV @ 210°F 313

Viscosity Index 104Flash Point, °C / °F 297/567Pour Point, °C / °F -21/-6Cold Crank Viscosity, cP @ °C / °F 13,194@-5/23Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ °C / °F 25,400@-10/50Performance Level Caterpillar FD-1 (Dec 01)


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TWO-CYCLE ENGINE OILSPetro-Canada’s family of small engine oils is designed to give excellentperformance in both air-cooled and water-cooled two-stroke cycle enginesoperating under all conditions. These oils are especially formulated for use in oilinjection as well as conventional pre-mixed gasoline/oil lubricated 2-cycle engines.

Petro-Canada small engine oils contain high performance additives, which giveexcellent anti-scuff and anti-wear performance to ensure reliability, internalcleanliness and long engine life. The additive systems used produce minimal sparkplug, ring, piston and valve deposits and so allow good starting and continuedefficient engine operation.

Petro-Canada small engine oils also contain special rust inhibitors with a high filmstrength, which protect engines against rust during use and in storage.

Basic manufacturers’ recommendations should be followed so as to obtain maxi-mum protection during prolonged storage. Care should be taken not to mix 2-cycleoils from different manufacturers.

SNOWMOBILE MOTOR OILSnowmobile Motor Oil is a premium low ash, two-stroke cycle engine oil for usein all conventional pre-mix fuel/oil, as well as oil injection lubricated snowmobileengines such as Bombardier, Artic Cat, Polaris, Yamaha where an API TC Oil iscalled for. It is also suitable for chain saws, lawn mowers, motorcycles, mopeds,and generators. Snowmobile Motor Oil has the following features:– Low Ash formula for high performance engines– Minimizes pre-ignition– Suitable for oil injection (to - 40°C), as well as pre-mix fuel/oil lubricated engines– Excellent performance at all fuel/oil ratios specified by Original Equipment

Manufacturers (OEMs) – Good anti-wear protection– Mixes and pumps readily to - 40°C– Protects against varnish deposits– Optimum performance in severe climates– Resists rust and corrosion

Snowmobile Motor Oil meets: API Classification TC, ISO E-GB, JASO FB andSAE Fluidity/Miscibility (F/M) Grade 4.

2-CYCLE MOTOR OIL2-Cycle Motor Oil is a multipurpose two-stroke cycle engine oil, for use in conventionalpre-mix fuel/oil as well as oil injection lubricated engines powering motorcycles,mopeds, chain saws, lawn mowers and generator sets such as Husqvarna, Stihl,Polaris, Weedeater, Lawnboy, Tecumseh, Toro, Briggs & Stratton and Yamaha whereAPI TC oil is called for. 2-Cycle Motor Oil has the following features:

– Suitable for use in oil injection (to –40°C) as well as pre-mix fuel/oillubricated engines.

– Excellent performance at up to 50:1 fuel/oil ratios in air-cooled engines.– Anti-scuff and anti-wear properties to minimize wear.– Excellent rust and corrosion protection. – Mixes readily at low temperatures.

2-Cycle Motor Oil meets API classification TC, ISO E-GB, JASO FB and SAEFluidity/Miscibility (F/M) Grade 4.


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OUTBOARD MOTOR OILOutboard Motor Oil is a premium two-stroke cycle engine oil for use in water-cooledoutboard motors (both large and small power outputs), used at all fuel to oil ratiosspecified by the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). It is also suitable formotorcycle and snowmobile engines, where the manufacturer calls for a NMMA TC-W3 approved oil. Outboard Motor Oil is especially formulated for oil injectedengines. It also meets the SAE Fluidity/Miscibility (F/M) Grade 3.

Outboard Motor Oil has been approved by the National Marine ManufacturersAssociation (NMMA) against their TC-W3, RL-50156, API TC specification. Itsformulation also meets the warranty requirements of the following enginemanufacturers: Mercury Marine, Bombardier (Formerly OMC which makesJohnson & Evinrude engines), Yamaha, Suzuki, Nissan, etc. Outboard Motor Oilhas the following features:

– Ashless formula minimizes pre-ignition. – Resists rust and corrosion. – Contains a quick-mix additive.– Reduces engine wear and varnish build-up. – Suitable for oil injection (to -25°C/-13°F) as well as pre-mixed fuel/oil

lubricated engines.– Reduces smoke emissions.– Passes the Jaso Smoke Test requirement.

Typical Characteristics of Petro-Canada Two Cycle Engine Oils are shown below:

Snowmobile Outboard 2-CycleMotor Oil Motor Oil Motor Oil

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 21 59 21cSt @ 100°C 4.5 9.2 4.5SUS @ 100°F 110 300 110SUS @ 210°F 41 57 41

Viscosity Index 127 138 127Flash Point, °C / °F 152/306 151/304 152/306Pour Point, °C / °F <-54/<-65 -51/-60 <-54/<-65Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ °C 11,620@ -40 6,650@ -25 11,620 @ -40Sulphated Ash, % Wt 0.1 <0.001 0.1Colour Blue/Green Blue/Green Blue/GreenPerformance Level

API TC – TCNMMA – TC-W3 –SAE F/M Grade 4 Grade 3 Grade 4JASO FB FC Smoke Test FB

QUICK MIX CHARTMillilitres (mL) Oil Added to

Ratio Litres of GasolineGasoline to Oil 5 Litres 10 Litres 25 Litres

16:1 315 625 155024:1 210 420 105032:1 165 315 80050:1 100 200 500

100:1 50 100 250



INDUSTRIAL LUBRICANTS


Business today places heavy demands on industrial plant and machinery. Weexpect equipment to operate at temperatures between -50°C and 150°Cwithout losing production or increasing maintenance costs. Notwithstandingthese extremes of temperature, machines today are operated under heavierloads, run at higher speeds, with smaller oil reservoirs and at longerlubricating intervals than ever before.

Proper lubrication is vital to any operation and is determined by the “Four Rs”:

• Right Lubricant• Right Amount• Right Place• Right Time

Your Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) together with a Petro-CanadaLubricants Representative or a Technical Services Advisor can assist you indetermining the “Four Rights” for your equipment or machinery.

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VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL OILSIt used to be the practice in North America to define the viscosity of industriallubricating oils in Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) at reference temperaturesof 100°F and 210°F. However, there is now world-wide acceptance of theInternational Organization for Standardization’s (ISO) system for viscositymeasurement in centistokes (cSt) at 40°C and 100°C.

ADVANTAGES OF ISO VISCOSITY GRADES

� International acceptance benefits customers, manufacturers and marketers.� The lubricant grade recommended by the equipment manufacturer is the

same as the number in the product name.� Conversion from one viscosity measurement to another is virtually

eliminated.� The number in the product name for most products represents the viscosity

of an industrial oil.

Automotive engine and gear oils are not involved in the ISO measurementsystem. They continue to be described by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) viscosity classifications (see Automotive Lubricants Section).

The table below shows the kinematic viscosity limits for each ISO ViscosityGrade. Each viscosity grade is 50% higher in viscosity than the preceding viscosity grade. These limits are set at a 10 percent tolerance level above andbelow the mid-point of a grade. Any product with a viscosity outside these tolerance levels is not a recognized ISO Viscosity Grade.

ISO-VISCOSITY SYSTEMFOR INDUSTRIAL FLUID LUBRICANTS

Kinematic Viscosity LimitsISO Mid Point

Viscosity cSt Minimum MaximumGrade @ 40°C cSt S.U.S. cSt S.U.S.

2 2.2 1.98 32.0 2.42 34.03 3.2 2.88 35.5 3.52 37.55 4.6 4.14 39.5 5.06 42.57 6.8 6.12 46.0 7.48 50.5

10 10 9.00 55.5 11.0 62.515 15 13.5 71.5 16.5 83.522 22 19.8 97.0 24.2 11632 32 28.8 136 35.2 16546 46 41.4 193 50.6 23568 68 61.2 284 74.8 347

100 100 90.0 417 110 510150 150 135 625 165 764220 220 198 917 242 1121320 320 288 1334 352 1631460 460 414 1918 506 2344680 680 612 2835 748 3465

1000 1000 900 4169 1100 50951500 1500 1350 6253 1650 7643


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AGMA NUMBERS

The American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) has set up a numbering system to define gear oil viscosities required for various gearboxes and applications. These AGMA Lubricant Numbers are normallystamped on the manufacturer’s metal name plate. ISO Viscosity Grade numbers and AGMA numbers are compared in the table below.

Viscosity ranges for AGMA Lubricants (ANSI/AGMA 9005-D94)Rust and oxidation Viscosity

EquivalentExtreme pressure Synthetic

inhibited gear oils rangeISO grade

gear lubricants gear oilsAGMA Lubricant No. (cSt) at 40°C AGMA Lubricant No. AGMA Lubricant No.

0 28.8 to 35.2 32 0 S1 41.4 to 50.6 46 1 S2 61.2 to 74.8 68 2 EP 2 S3 90 to 110 100 3 EP 3 S4 135 to 165 150 4 EP 4 S5 198 to 242 220 5 EP 5 S6 288 to 352 320 6 EP 6 S

7, 7 Comp 414 to 506 460 7 EP 7 S8, 8 Comp 612 to 748 680 8 EP 8 S8A Comp 900 to 1100 1000 8A EP –

9 1350 to 1650 1500 9 EP 9 S10 2880 to 3520 – 10 EP 10 S11 4140 to 5060 – 11 EP 11 S12 6120 to 7480 – 12 EP 12 S13 190 to 220 cSt @ – 13 EP 13 S

100°C

• AGMA Rust & Oxidation Inhibited Gear Oils are met by Premium R&O orHydrex AW oils.

• AGMA Extreme Pressure Gear Lubricants are met by Ultima EP oils.

• Lubricants carrying the suffix “Comp” are met with Senate oils, whichcontain special lubricity additives.

• AGMA Synthetic Gear Oils are met by Super Gear Fluids.

• Automotive gear oils, such as Gearlube TOS, are defined by the SAE forviscosity and the API for quality. These oils can be used in gear boxes butoils formulated to meet AGMA requirements cannot be used in automotivedifferentials or transmissions.


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VISCOSITY COMPARISONS

Viscosities designated by various organizations may be compared as shownin the table opposite. This is strictly a viscosity comparison and should not beconstrued as a quality level comparison. To summarize:-

ISO VG – is viscosity measurement in centistokes (cSt) at 40°C.

AGMA – viscosity grades as designated by the American GearManufacturers Association.

SAE – Society of Automotive Engineers viscosity measurement forautomotive engine and gear oils e.g. SAE 30, SAE 90, etc.

Saybolt – These units are in S.U.S. and were used by variousrefiners/blenders to specify viscosity at 100°F or 210°F.

How to use the chart:

For instance, if a manufacturer requires an SAE 30 oil for a piece ofequipment, go to the SAE viscosity column and follow across horizontally tothe left to read an ISO VG of 100.


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NOTE:






KIN

EM

ATIC

VIS

CO

SIT

Y, C

EN

TIS

TOK

ES

(cS

t) @

40°

C

2000

1000800

600

500

400

300

200

10080

60

5040

30

20

10 10

15

22

32

46

68

100

150

220

320

460

680

1000

1500

ISOVG

AGMAGRADE

SAEENGINE

OILS

SAEGEAR OILS

8A

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

5W&0W

10W

15W

20

30

40

50

60

140

90

85W

80W

75W

8

KIN

EM

ATIC

VIS

CO

SIT

Y, S

AYB

OLT

UN

IVE

RS

AL

SE

CO

ND

S(S

US

) @ 1

00°F

10,000

5000

3000

2000

1000

500

400

300

200

100

60


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LUBRICANTS HANDLING & STORAGE

Petro-Canada’s lubricating oils and greases are the result of considerableresearch work and, after careful manufacture and delivery, are as good for theirintended use as we can make them. However, during storage it is important toguard against contamination, which can drastically reduce the performance andlife of a lubricant. Numerous studies have shown that both water and dirt canlessen the life of bearings and other components. Preventing contaminationduring storage has a direct pay-back in terms of optimum lubricant performance,longer lubricant life and reduced maintenance costs.

INSIDE STORAGE

Preferably lubricants should be stored inside. However, even then there arecertain precautions that should be followed:

� The temperature of the storage area should remain moderate and not besubject to wide fluctuations.

� The storage area should be located away from industrial contamination,such as fumes or dust.

� The storage area and dispensing equipment should be clean and be part ofa regular cleaning schedule.

� Labels, stencils, markings on containers and dispensing equipment shouldbe kept legible to avoid cross-contamination or incorrect application.

� Detergent-containing engine oils, hydraulic oils, turbine oils and extremepressure (EP) oils should use separate dispensing equipment.

OUTSIDE STORAGE

If outside storage is unavoidable, then the following precautions should be followed:

� Ensure that the bungs on drums are screwed in tight.� Store drums horizontally, with bungs below the oil level (i.e. at 3 o’clock and

9 o’clock). This prevents the seals from drying out and tending to leak. Forthe same reason, drums stored upright on pallets should stand upsidedown.

� Drums stored on their sides should be clear of the ground and preferablyrest on wooden or steel beams. They may be stacked three high if wedgedproperly to prevent movement.

� Stacking often results in the bottom drums never being used, so the use of arack is preferred.

� Do not store drums on end with the bungs on top. Rain water collects on thedrum head and is drawn into the oil when the drum breathes duringtemperature cycles. If drums must be stored this way, they should be tiltedfirst by standing on edge (say on a 2 x 4 piece of lumber). When oil is drawnfrom the drum, the head should be wiped clean first.

� Drums preferably should be covered with a tarpaulin to protect them fromthe elements.

� To minimize contamination and the effects of weathering, time spent inoutdoor storage should be kept to a minimum.

� Outdoor storage locations should be away from dusty areas such asquarries or unpaved roads. Opening drums in such conditions willcontaminate the contents.


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� Smaller package sizes (e.g. pails) should be covered, examined regularlyand kept to a minimum to provide a quick turnover.

HANDLING

Lubricating oils and greases are a relatively harmless class of material. Never-theless, care should be taken to avoid skin contact and inhalation of oil mists.Petro-Canada provides Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) on all of itsproducts and these are available from your Sales Representative or CustomerService Representative (CSR).

Some general guidelines for handling lubricating oils and greases follow:

� Use protective equipment to avoid skin contact.� Quickly remove any product that does get on the skin.� Do not use gasoline, kerosene or similar solvents to remove lubricants from

the skin as they take the natural oils from the skin and cause dryness.� Use only mild soap and warm water or a recommended hand cleaner to

remove lubricating oil and grease from the skin. Dry using clean hand towels.� Wash hands and arms at the end of the working day and before eating.� Remove any contaminated clothing and clean thoroughly before re-use.� Avoid breathing in oil mists.� Clean-up lubricating oil and grease spills immediately and dispose of them

according to environmental guidelines.� Obtain medical advice concerning any potential health problems.

PRODUCT SHELF LIFE – LUBRICATING OILS

The performance properties of liquid lubricants (oils) will remain intact formany years provided they have been in protected storage and not exposed tosevere high/low temperature cycles. Generally, the simpler the oil formulation,the longer the oil will remain satisfactory.

• Base Oils, Process Oils and Other Non-Additized OilsThese may be stored indefinately under protected conditions without any significant deterioration in performance. Slight changes in appearance /colour may occur. If they are used as part of a special manufacturing process or application, the product properties should be reconfirmed if over 3 years old.

• Hydraulic Food Grade / Compressor / Turbine and General PurposeLubricating OilsThese oils contain low, but very effective additive treatments. They may bestored for three (3) years under protected conditions* without any significantdeterioration in performance.

• Hydraulic Engine / Motor OIls and Transmission OilsAlthough these oils contain high additive contents, they are extremely stable.They may be stored for five (5) years under protected conditions* without anysignficant deterioration in performance. However, the industry performancerequirements (API) for engine oils and for transmission oils (OEM perfor-mance standards, i.e. DEXRON/MERCON) are changing rapidly. Hence an


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engine or transmission oil that has been stored for five (5) years or longer,while it may still meet its original performance specifications, may not meet thelatest industry requirements.

• Industrial and Automotive Gear OilsThese highly additized formulations can occasionally exhibit some long terminstability. Under protected conditions* they should only be stored for three(3) years. In addition, as automotive gear oil specifications occasionallychange, ‘old’ product should be checked to ensure its specifications still meetthe latest industry standards and/or equipment requirements.

• Neat (Non-Emulsifiable) Metal Working Fluids / Way LubricantsThese formulations are often quite delicately balanced. Hence under protected conditions* they should only be stored for two (2) years.

• Soluable (Emulsifiable) Metal Working Fluids (Cutsol & Cutsol HD)These products should only be stored for one (1) year.

Storage under unprotected conditions can result in water ingress whichcauses the oil to become ‘milky’ or form a ‘mayonnaise’ and can also causerust formation/corrosion in metal containers.

If you locate a significant volume of a ‘date expired’ product, please consult aTechnical Service Advisor who will arrange to have it tested so see if it is stillsatisfactory for use.

*Protected conditions: indoor or covered storage with no freeze/thaw cycles.


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ACCUFLO TK - MACHINE TOOL LUBRICANTACCUFLO TK Oils are specially formulated to lubricate the slideways ofmachine tools and maintain smooth, uninterrupted operation. They may beapplied to linear and rotating guideways, table elevating slideways on millingmachines, lead-screw-and-nut systems, feed gears, milling heads and lathesaddles.

ACCUFLO TK 68 is recommended for horizontal slides and moderately loadedmachine tools, while ACCUFLO TK 220 is recommended for vertical slides orheavy duty machine tools such as planers and boring mills.

ACCUFLO TK Oils eliminate “stick-slip” or chatter on machine tables andcontain inhibitors to protect ferrous and copper components against corrosion.Their unique zinc-free formulations provide excellent film strength, lubricationand machine table accuracy. They are highly tacky to resist removal bysynthetic coolants and soluble oils. This cuts the consumption of lubricant andthe generation of tramp oil which, in turn, improves coolant management.

ACCUFLO TK 68 and 220 are GM LS2 approved, meet ISO-L-G standards,and are approved against Cincinnati Machine standards P-47 and P-50respectively. ACCUFLO TK 68 is approved for use in Bijur systems andpasses Bijur’s filtration test #2107.

Typical characteristics are shown below:Accuflo TK Accuflo TK

68 220Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 71.2 216.9

cSt @ 100°C 9.94 21.4SUS @ 100°F 367 1136SUS @ 210°F 60 107

Viscosity Index 122 118Flash Point, °C / °F 225/437 255/491Pour Point, °C / °F -33/-27 -24/-11Stick-slip No. 0.76 0.80Weld Point, kg / lb 200/441 250/551


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ACCUFLO SS - PRESS OIL AND MACHINE TOOLLUBRICANTACCUFLO SS is specifically formulated to meet the lubrication requirementsof both Goss International and MAN Roland printing presses.

• Meets the requirements of Goss Graphic Systems Service Bulletin “SBM5078 Lubricating Oil Guidelines” (16/02/00) for Cosmo, Metro, Metro-liner, Headliner, Colorliner and Metrocolour models.

• Meets specification standard CLP DIN 51517-3:2004-01 ISO VG 68(MAN Roland Illustration Machines, Geoman and Colorman models.)

ACCUFLO SS 68 is recommended for use in commercial printing machinesfor the lubrication of units, folders, angle bars and horizontal drive gear boxes.

ACCUFLO SS 68 can also be used to lubricate the linear and rotating guide-ways, and elevating slideways of machine tools. It meets the CincinnatiMachine P-47 specification.

Typical characteristics are shown below:Accuflo SS 68


Viscosity Index 104Flash Point, °C / °F 229/444Pour Point, °C / °F -33/-27Stick-slip No. 0.78Weld Point, kg / lb 200/441

PC WAYLUBE - MACHINE TOOL LUBRICANTPC Waylube is formulated for the lubrication of the slideways of modernmachine tools. It is approved against Cincinnati Machine Standard P-47 andGM LS2. PC Waylube is also approved for Bijur systems and passes Bijur’s filtration test #2107.

Where greater oil adhesion is required, such as with vertical ways, werecommend Petro-Canada’s ACCUFLO TK machine tool lubricants.

Typical characteristics are shown below:PC Waylube 68


Viscosity Index 115Flash Point, °C / °F 235/455Pour Point, °C / °F -27/-17Stick-slip No. 0.79Weld Point, kg / lb 200/441


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AJT 6000/TURBONYCOIL 600 - LAND BASEDAERODERIVATIVE GAS TURBINE FLUIDRolls Royce approved AJT 6000/TURBONYCOIL 600 (Turbonycoil 600 is aregistered trademark of Nyco SA) is specially designed to effectively lubricateland based aeroderivative gas turbines operating under extreme conditions.AJT 6000/TURBONYCOIL 600 is non-toxic, based on polyol esters with highthermal stability and fortified with anti-oxidant, anti-wear and anti-corrosionadditives. AJT 6000/Turbonycoil 600 is approved by the following enginemanufacturers for use in land based industrial and marine gas turbineapplications where a MIL-PRF-23699F Standard Classification or Rolls Royceapproved lubricant is required: Rolls Royce, Allison, CFM International,Turbomeca, Pratt & Whitney Canada, Hamilton Sundstrand/APIC and GeneralElectric.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:AJT 6000/Turbonycoil 600

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 25.6cSt @ 100°C 5.12cSt @ -40°C 9,468

Flash Point, °C / °F 270/518Pour Point, °C / °F -57/-71Evaporation Loss, 61⁄2h @ 204°C, % Wt 3.4Total Acid No., mg KOH/g 0.16

ARDEE - ROCK DRILL OILArdee oils are formulated to lubricate and cool the mechanisms of air-operated rock drills. They are ideal for use in equipment running in demandingsituations with high air-flow rates, drill shock-loading and high piston temperatures.There are five viscosity grades to meet temperatures ranging from -35°C / -31°Fto +45°C / 113°F. Ardee 32 is for winter conditions, Ardee 68 to 150 for under-ground operations, with the 150 grade being favoured in SECAN drills and in mining operations trying to reduce oil consumption and misting. Ardee 220 isnormally used in summer, in open pit operations using drills with a bore largerthan 10 cm / 4 inches.

Ardee 32 is recommended for use in plant air-line lubricators, especially wherethe air is water laden.

Ardee EP 000, a mist-free rock drill lubricant, is a semi-fluid grease and isdescribed in the Grease Section of the Handbook.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Ardee Oil

32 46 68 100 150 220Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 31.8 45.0 71.7 96.4 148.6 207

cSt @ 100°C 6.0 7.4 9.9 11.5 15.0 19.0SUV @ 100°F 163 230 369 500 778 1089SUV @ 210°F 46 51 60 66 80 97

Viscosity Index 137 129 119 107 101 103Flash Point, °C / °F 180/356 207/405 231/448 233/451 243/469 281/538Pour Point, °C / °F -48/-54 -42/-44 -42/-44 -33/-27 -30/-22 -24/-11Timken OK Load, kg/lb 9/20 14/30 14/30 14/30 14/30 14/30Weld Point, kg 200 200 200 200 250 250


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BIO 40 - BIODEGRADABLE HYDRAULIC OILPetro-Canada BIO 40 is a readily biodegradable hydraulic oil, that is designedfor use in environmentally sensitive situations. Formulated from Canola Oiland performance additives, BIO 40 has a biodegradation rate of greater than80%, as measured by the OECD 301B and greater than 90% by CEC-L-33-A-93. BIO 40 is suitable for use in high performance hydraulic equipment found inforestry, mining and construction operations at temperatures, ranging from–20°C (-4°F) to 70°C (158°F).

Typical characteristics are shown below:BIO 40

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 29cSt @ 100°C 6.6SUV @ 100°F 147SUV @ 210°F 48

Viscosity Index 190Flash Point, °C / °F 166/331Pour Point, °C / °F -33/-27Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ -20°C 880Water separation, 54°C/129°F (minutes) 40-40-0 [10]


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CALFLO – HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS CALFLO is a line of specialty heat transfer fluids produced from Petro-Canada’s 99.9% pure base oils and patented additive technology. These fluids provide high temperature performance without raising the same adverseenvironmental or health and safety concerns caused by chemical aromatic fluids. The Calflo family of advanced fluids is recommended for use in non-pressurized, liquid phase, closed heat transfer systems. There are several formulations to meet a wide range of applications:

• CALFLO HTF is a premium high temperature heat transfer fluid recom-mended for systems operating with bulk temperatures up to 326°C (620°F).Typical applications include power generation and metal processing plants.

• CALFLO AF is a highly efficient heat transfer fluid recommended forsystems requiring a greater resistance to oxidation, operating with bulktemperatures up to 316°C (600°F). Typical applications include plasticextrusion, injection moulding and rubber manufacturing operations.

• CALFLO LT is a synthetic heat transfer fluid suitable over a widetemperature operating range from 5°C (40°F) to 260°C (500°F). Excellentlow temperature pumpability allows cold start-up in ambient temperatures aslow as -40°C (-40°F).

• PURITY FG Heat Transfer Fluid, formerly CALFLO FG HTF, is a food gradeapproved heat transfer fluid for the food processing industry with systemsoperating at bulk temperatures up to 326°C (620°F). More details on thisfluid may be found on page 163.

• PETRO-THERM Heat Transfer Fluid is a general purpose fluid whichprovides economical service in various industrial processes. More detailson this fluid may be found on page 121.

In addition to heat transfer fluids, Petro-Canada offers two additional productsfor servicing heat transfer systems: Petro-Canada Cleaning Fluid and Petro-Canada Flushing Fluid. Details regarding the use of these fluids may befound on page 119.


CALFLO Heat Transfer Fluid PURITY FGHTF AF LT HTF

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 35.9 32.1 7.5 37.1cSt @ 100°C 6.0 5.4 2.2 5.9SUS @ 100°F 184.7 165.7 52.1 191.4SUS @ 210°F 45.9 43.9 33.5 45.6

Viscosity Index 100 99 103 98Flash Point, COC, °C / °F 231/448 225/437 176/349 237/459Pour Point, °C / °F -18/0 -42/-44 -63/-81 -18/0Autoignition Temp, °C / °F 352/666 343/649 323/613 354/669Max Bulk Temp °C / °F 326/620 316/600 260/500 326/620


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COMPRO* - AIR COMPRESSOR FLUIDS(Formerly Compressor Oil 32, 68, 100, 150)

COMPRO* Compressor Fluids are ashless air compressor fluids formulatedto provide long and highly reliable service life in industrial air compressorapplications. COMPRO Compressor Fluids are available in four viscositygrades to cover a majority of air compressor requirements. They aresuitable for use in compressors that handle air, and inert gases such asnitrogen, argon, hydrogen, neon, helium, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxideand blast furnace gas.

COMPRO Compressor Fluids can be used in rotary screw compressors to amaximum of 2,000 hours at air discharge temperatures up to 85°C, inreciprocating compressors to a maximum of 500 hours at air dischargetemperatures up to 150°C, in vane compressors to a maximum of 500 hours atair discharge temperatures up to 85°C, and in centrifugal compressors for 2years at air discharge temperatures up to 50°C.

Air-cooled screw compressors in continuous service or operating at elevateddischarge temperatures should use COMRPO XL-S Compressor Fluids forextended life.

COMPRO Compressor Fluid32 68 100 150

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 36 68 101 150cSt @ 100°C 5.7 8.7 11.2 14.3SUS @ 100°F 185.8 352.6 527.3 789.5SUS @ 210°F 45.1 55.2 64.2 76.3

Viscosity Index 96 98 97 93Flash Point, °C / °F 215/419 238/460.4 260/500 264/507Pour Point, °C / °F -39/-38.2 -30/-22 -18/0 -12/+10Conradson Carbon No., % Wt 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.06

NOTE: COMPRO air compressor fluids should never be used in anyequipment compressing pure oxygen.

In applications where equipment is used for compression of wet orsour hydrocarbon gases, which may come into contact with the oil,Compressor Oils RP 268 and RP 460 are recommended (see page 102). This only applies to reciprocating cylinders that arelubricated to compress hydrocarbon gases.


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COMPRO* XL-S - ROTARY SCREW AIRCOMPRESSOR FLUID(Formerly Super Compressor Fluid 32, 46, 68, 100, 150)

COMPRO XL-S Compressor Fluids are formulated to extend compressor fluidlife in rotary screw industrial air compressors, with minimal carbon deposits orvarnish formation.

COMPRO XL-S is particularly recommended for air compressors in continuous service operating at discharge air temperatures up to 85°C. Suchcompressors may be run for up to one year (8,000 hours) in continuousoperation. This is at least four times the life of conventional mineral oil basedcompressor fluids.

While particularly effective in rotary screw compressors, COMPRO XL-S canalso be used in reciprocating compressors to a maximum of 500 hours at airdischarge temperatures up to 150°C, rotary vane compressors to a maximumof 1,000 hours at air discharge temperatures up to 85°C, and in centrifugalcompressors for 5 years at air discharge temperatures up to 50°C.


COMPRO XL-S 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 36 46 68 102 143

cSt @ 100°C 5.7 6.7 8.7 11.4 14.9SUS @ 100°F 185.8 237.5 352.5 532.2 748SUS @ 210°F 45.0 48.4 55.2 65.0 78.7

Viscosity Index 96 97 98 97 104Flash Point, °C / °F 230/446 246/474.8 245/473 260/500 270/518Pour Point, °C / °F -36/-33 -33/-27.4 -30/-22 -27/-16.6 -24/-11RamsbottomCarbon, % Wt 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.08While COMPRO XL-S Compressor Fluids are very effective with pure hydrogen, they should NEVER be used in any equipment compressing pure oxygen.

Note:In selecting a compressor oil it is important to know not only the equipmentmanufacturer and model, but also the gas being compressed.

In the table below, various gases are categorized for the type of lubricantrequired.

Please note that in the case of chemically active gases such as chlorine,oxygen and hydrogen chloride no petroleum lubricant is recommended.

VARIOUS GASES LUBRICANT• Inert – Argon, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Same as for air.

Hydrogen, Helium, Neon, Nitrogen, Blast Furnace Gas.• Hydrocarbon Gases – Methane, Acetylene, Ethane, Same as for

Propane, Butane, Coke Oven Gas. natural gas.• Chemically Active – Chlorine, Oxygen, Hydrogen No petroleum

Chloride. Lubricant.• Ammonia REFLO 46A, 68A,

REFLO SYNTHETIC



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COMPRO XL-R - RECIPROCATING AIRCOMPRESSOR FLUID(Formerly RCF-1000)

COMPRO XL-R has been specifically developed for single and multi-stagereciprocating air compressors, particularly those with high air-dischargetemperatures. COMPRO XL-R is designed to extend equipment life, increasefire safety and reduce maintenance costs compared to competitive mineral oilbased products.

COMPRO XL-R is recommended for use in both the cylinder and crankcase ofair compressors, where it reduces varnish and carbon build up on valves andintercoolers. COMPRO XL-R matches or exceeds the service intervals ofcompetitive diester lubricants, but without their obnoxious odours. It is alsofully compatible with petroleum oils and diesters, although significant dilutionwill reduce its performance.

COMPRO XL-R is recommended for use in reciprocating compressors to amaximum of 2,000 hours at air discharge temperatures up to 150°C.

COMRPO XL-R meets the requirements of DIN 51506 VDL.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:COMPRO XL-R Compressor Fluid

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 67cSt @ 100°C 8.3SUS @ 100°F 348.3SUS @ 210°F 53.8

Viscosity Index 91Flash Point, °C / °F 236/456.8Pour Point, °C / °F -18/0Conradson Carbon No., % Wt 0.01

COMPRO SYNTHETIC - AIR COMPRESSOR FLUIDCOMPRO* Synthetic has been specifically developed for rotary screw aircompressors operating in severe service environments, particularly those withhigh air-discharge temperatures up to 105°C. COMPRO Synthetic will lastfour times longer than a conventional mineral oil based fluid - up to one yearcontinuous service or 8,000 hours.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:COMPRO Synthetic Compressor Fluid

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 40.7cSt @ 100°C 7.59SUS @ 100°F 207.0SUS @ 210°F 51.3

Viscosity Index 157Flash Point, °C / °F 257/494.6Pour Point, °C / °F -51/-60



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COMPRESSOR OIL RPNATURAL GAS COMPRESSOR OIL

Compressor Oils RP 268 and RP 460 are specially designed for the lubricationof cylinders and rod packings in natural gas compressors having force-feedcylinder lubrication systems.

These compressor oils are formulated with an advanced, non-fat additive package to provide excellent high temperature stability, very good lubricity andwear protection, as well as minimizing deposit formation. They are primarilyrecommended for use in compressing sour, wet or contaminated natural gas.The higher viscosity RP 460 is especially suited for use in higher pressureapplications.

Compressor Oils RP 268 and 460 may also be used for the initial break-in ofcompressor cylinders in sweet or dry gas service. (See page 105 for furtherapplications.)

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Compressor Oil RP

268 460Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 252 405

cSt @ 100°C 20.9 28.6SUV @ 100°F 1335 2163SUV @ 210°F 104.5 139.7

Viscosity Index 98 98Flash Point, °C / °F 270/518 280/536Pour Point, °C / °F -18/0 -15/+5Conradson Carbon No., % Wt 1.04 1.14

Note:In selecting a compressor oil it is important to know not only the equipmentmanufacturer and model, but also the gas being compressed. In the tablebelow, various gases are categorized for the type of lubricant required.Please note that in the case of chemically active gases such as chlorine,oxygen and hydrogen chloride no petroleum lubricant is recommended.

VARIOUS GASES LUBRICANT• Inert – Argon, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Same as for air.

Hydrogen, Helium, Neon, Nitrogen, Blast Furnace Gas.• Hydrocarbon Gases – Methane, Acetylene, Ethane, Same as for

Propane, Butane, Coke Oven Gas. natural gas.• Chemically Active – Chlorine, Oxygen, Hydrogen No petroleum

Chloride. Lubricant.• Ammonia REFLO 46A, 68A,

REFLO 68 Synthetic


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COMPRESSOR CLEANER

Compressor Cleaner is a synthetic fluid, formulated to dissolve the varnishand sludge found in air compressors. Compressor Cleaner may also be usedas an air compressor lubricant for up to 400 hours. It is an ideal flushing fluidfor older heavily varnished air compressors using mineral oils or diester fluids,and highly recommended when converting to Petro-Canada’s COMPRO XL-S Compressor Fluid from non-compatible fluids such as polyglycol synthetics.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Compressor

Cleaner Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 42.6

cSt @ 100°C 5.88SUS @ 100°F 221.1SUS @ 210°F 45.7

Flash Point, °C / °F 230/446Pour Point, °C / °F -27/-17

CON-REL-EZE – CONCRETE FORM OIL

Con-Rel-Eze oils are formulated to provide an excellent stain-free finish onconcrete and clean, quick release characteristics for plywood, metal, fibreglass and plastic forms. These products afford excellent rust protection to metal forms and are compatible with all caulking compounds.

Con-Rel-Eze 40 and 60 grades are ready-to-use, light viscosity oils forspraying on forms. Con-Rel-Eze 800 is a medium viscosity oil designedspecifically for heavy pre-cast units.

Con-Rel-Eze 40 and 60 may also be used for rust protection of machinery andas penetrating oils on nuts and bolts.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Con-Rel-Eze

40 60 800Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 3.7 4.1 127

SUS @ 100°F 37 39.5 675Flash Point, °C / °F 52/126 53/127 229/444Pour Point, °C / °F -45/-49 -30/-22 -18/ 0Rust Test pass pass pass

Note: The flash point method used for Con-Rel-Eze 40 & 60 is ASTM D56


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DURATAC OILS

Duratac Oils are an economical, tacky, “once-through” line of lubricants for use in hand oiling of log deck chains, in the lubrication of chains and chainsaw bars, or in lubricating leaky, slow-speed journal bearings. Their tackinesshelps to reduce dripping and throw-off whilst in use.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: DURATAC CHAIN OILS

32 68 100 150Texture Stringy Stringy Stringy StringyViscosity cSt @ 40°C 32 68 100 150

cSt @ 100°C 6.3 10.4 13.4 16.8Viscosity Index 151 140 133 120Pour Point, °C / °F -42/-44 -39/-38 -36/-33 -30/-22Flash Point °C / °F 190/374 210/410 210/410 210/410Colour Dark Red Brown Brown Dark RedRust, A & B, 24 h Pass Pass Pass PassFour-ball Scar Diameter, mm 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.251200°rpm, 1 h, 15 kg, 75C

DURATAC NON-DRIP OILS – CHAIN OILPetro-Canada Non-Drip Oil is a high quality lubricant, formulated with atackiness additive that adheres strongly to metal surfaces. This feature,together with antiwear plus rust and oxidation protection, makes it an ideallubricant for use where oil control is required, such as conveyor chains. Non-Drip 150 can be used for auto-body undercoating.

Due to its tacky nature, it is not recommended for use in drip-feed oilers.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Non Drip Oil32 68 100 150 220

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 29 69 105 155 220cSt @ 100°C 6.0 10.3 13.1 17.4 21.1SUV @ 100°F 137 320 487 718 1019SUV @ 210°F 46 60 71 88 103

Viscosity Index 159 135 121 123 114Flash Point, °C / °F 204/339 220/428 256/493 255/491 265/509Pour Point, °C / °F -39/-38 -27/-17 -27/-17 -27/-17 -24/-11


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ENDURATEX EP & ENDURATEX XL SYNTHETIC BLEND(Previously: Ultima EP & Ultima PLUS)

ENDURATEX EP Oils are designed to lubricate enclosed gear drives, operating in normal, heavy or shock-loaded conditions, as well as all types of heavy orshock-loaded bearings. They deliver sustained anti-wear, extreme-pressureprotection to all industrial gear drives and bearings. ENDURATEX EP Oils arenoncorrosive to bronze gears, copper lines and bearing materials at low to moderate operating temperatures.

Typical Performance Data: XL Syn BL XL Syn BL32 68 100 150 220 320 460 680 1000 68/150 68/220

AGMA Number - 2EP 3EP 4EP 5EP 6EP 7EP 8EP 8AEP 3EP 4EPDensity,

kg/L @ 15°C/59°F 0.847 0.863 0.872 0.879 0.884 0.895 0.902 0.909 0.902 0.868 0.869Colour 1.0 1.0 1.0 3.5 5.5 5.5 6.0 8.0 >8.0 <1.0 1.0Viscosity

cSt @ 40°C 32.0 68.0 101 150 220 320 452 666 990 98.2 152cSt @ 100°C 6.0 9.1 11.3 14.7 19.0 23.8 29.7 34.5 55 14.3 22.2SUS @ 100°F 166 351 527 784 1163 1750 2425 3695 5340 517 777SUS @ 210°F 46 56 64 77 96 118 145 174 265 76 110

Viscosity Index 136 109 97 97 97 94 94 82 100 149 174Flash Point, °C/°F 224/435 240/464 240/464 260/500 262/500 252/486 261/502 249/480 249/480 250/482 251/484Pour Point, °C/°F -51/-60 -39/-38 -33/-27 -33/-27 -27/-17 -21/-6 -15/5 -15/5 5/41 -39/-38 -33/-27FZG (stages) 12+ 12+ 12+ 12+ 12+ 12+ 12+ 12+ 13 12+ 12+Oxidation Stability %

Viscosity Increase 312 hours, 121°C / 250°F 3.7 2.7 3.7 3.6 4.1 5.2 5.8 16 — 3.5 3.5

ENDURATEX XL Synthetic Blend are multigrade EP gear oils designed toeliminate seasonal change-outs and equipment protection all year long- available in 68/150 and 68/220 grades. These multigrades complete the line, byextending AGMA EP viscosities over an extended temperature range. 68/220supports winter requirements (68 grade) and summer requirements (220 grade). 68/150 delivers superior low temperature properties versus leading allseason competitive products for easier cold start-ups and better equipmentprotection.

ENDURATEX XL Synthetic Blend 68/150

ENDURATEX XL Synthetic Blend 68/220

AGMA Number 3EP 4EP

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 98 152

cSt @ 100°C 14.3 22.2

SUS @ 100°F 1445 702

SUS @ 210°F 75 108

Viscosity Index 149 174

Flash Point, °C/°F 250/482 251/484

Pour Point, °C/°F -39/-38 -36/-33

Timken EP Test, kg / lb 32/70 32/70

FZG load stage pass 12+ 12+


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ENDURATEX MILD WORM GEAR (WG) OIL(Previously: SENATE)

ENDURATEX Mild WG Oils are highly recommended for the lubrication ofworm gear reducers and widely used industrial machinery. ENDURATEX MildWG Oils are also suited for lubrication of steam cylinders.


ENDURATEX Mild Worm Gear Oil460 680 1000

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 459 676 892cSt @ 100°C 28.2 34.8 41.2SUV @ 100°F 2279 3495 4729SUV @ 210°F 129.2 161.6 188.8

Viscosity Index 83 82 82Flash Point, °C / °F 305/582 315/601 311/594Pour Point, °C / °F -3/+27 +3/+27 -3/+27AGMA No. 7 Comp 8 CompCompounding, % Wt 5 5 5

ENDURATEX SYNTHETIC EP(Previously: Ultima Synthetic)

ENDURATEX Synthetic EP are premium performance, extreme pressurelubricants designed for enclosed industrial gears and bearings operatingunder severe loading conditions or in wide extremes of temperature. Theydeliver reduced friction,low temperature fluidity and oxidative and thermalstability for extended fluid and component life. ENDURATEX Synthetic EPenhances gear box efficiency over a wide temperature range. The highviscosity of ENDURATEX Synthetic EP products means that they retain theirviscosity at high operating temperatures. This often allows the use of a lowerISO grade than with conventional gear oil which may result in some energysavings. ENDURATEX Synthetic EP gear lubricants meet the requirements ofUS Steel 224, DIN51517-3, AGMA 9005-E02(EP), David Brown S1.53.101Type E, Cincinnati Machine P-74, Eickhoff Gear, Jahnel Kestermann, FlenderIndustrial Gear and qualify as premium synthetic EP gear lubricants.


ENDURATEX Synthetic EP 150 220 320 460

AGMA No. 4EP 5EP 6EP 7EP Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 150 223 323 501cSt @ 100°C 19.5 26.4 34.9 49.9 SUS @ 100°F 772 1152 1676 2607SUS @ 210°F 98 130 169 241Viscosity Index 148 151 153 160Temp for 150,000 cP, °C/ °F -41/-42 -36/-33 -32/-26 -24/-11Flash Point, °C / °F 232/450 235/455 237/459 237/459 Pour Point, °C / °F -54/-65 -48/-54 -42/-44 -42/-44Timken OK Load, kg/lb 48/106 48/106 48/106 48/106 FZG Load Stage Pass (A/8.3/90) 14 14 14 14


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ENVIRON* AWHYDRAULIC FLUIDSPetro-Canada’s ENVIRON AW monograde hydraulic fluids are designed foruse in mobile and stationary equipment and are particularly suited forhydraulic applications in environmentally sensitive locations. ENVIRON AW isfree of heavy metals, is non-toxic, inherently biodegradable and recyclable.ENVIRON AW is formulated to provide excellent anti-wear protection forextended equipment life. Its exceptional oxidation stability provides long oil lifefor fewer change-outs and minimized sludge and varnish deposits.

Environ AW is recommended for use in equipment manufactured by Eaton(Vickers), Hagglunds, Denison, Sauer-Danfoss, (Mannesman) Bosch-Rexroth,Racine, Oilgear, Hydreco, Dynex and others.

ENVIRON AW 32, 46, 68 are suitable for use when a DIN 51524 Part 2 HLPor ISO 6743/4 Type HM fluid is called for.


ENVIRON* AW32 46 68

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 32.2 46.03 67.9cSt @ 100°C 5.4 6.8 8.7SUV @ 100°F 166 237 352SUV @ 210°F 44 49 55

Viscosity Index 101 99 101Flash Point, °C / °F 233/451 227/441 253/487Pour Point, °C / °F -42/-44 -33/-27 -33/-27Oxidation Stability, hrs. 8,000+ 6,000+ 5,000+


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ENVIRON* MVWIDE TEMPERATURE HYDRAULIC FLUIDSPetro-Canada’s ENVIRON MV multigrade hydraulic fluids are designed foryear-round use in mobile and stationary equipment operating in wide temperature ranges, particularly in environmentally sensitive locations. ENVIRON MV is free of heavy metals, is non-toxic, inherently biodegradable,and recyclable.

ENVIRON MV is formulated to provide excellent anti-wear protection forextended equipment life. Its exceptional oxidation stability provides long oil lifefor fewer change-outs and less sludge and varnish deposits.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:ENVIRON* MV

32 46Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 33 44

cSt @ 100°C 6.5 8.0SUV @ 100°F 166 222SUV @ 210°F 48 52

Viscosity Index 159 156Flash Point, °C / °F 220/428 250/482Pour Point, °C / °F -45/-49 -45/-49Oxidation Stability, hours 10,000 6,000+Min. Start-up Temperature1, °C / °F -34/-29 -30/-22Operating Range2, °C -15 to 66 -10 to 78Operating Range2, °F 5 to 150 14 to 1721Start-up is defined as the temperature at which the oil viscosity reaches 10,000 cP2Petro-Canada defines the upper & lower operating temperature limits to be thetemperatures at which the oil viscosity is 13 cSt after shear in the ASTM D5621 Sonicshear test and 750 cP, respectively.


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HARNEX* WIND TURBINE GEAR OILHarnex is a premium ISO 320 synthetic gear lubricant designed to provideexceptional anti-wear/EP performance and protection from salt watercorrosion in wind turbine applications. The product uses synthetic PAObasestocks , known for their excellent viscosity index and low pour pointproperties. With its superior protection, Harnex can be used for lubricatingboth onshore and offshore wind turbine gearboxes.

Harnex meets the following industry requirements: AGMA 9005-E02, DIN51517-3 (CLP 320), ISO 12925-1 Type CKD, ISO 12925 Type CDK, DIN51517-3 (CLP 320), ISO 12925-1 Type CKD, Eickhoff, Hansen Transmissions,Bosch Rexroth Getriebetechnik, Jahnel Kestermann, Metso Drive & WinergyAG (Wind Turbine Division of Flender).

Typical Characteristics are shown below:HARNEX* 320

Density@15°C 0.8617Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 323

cSt @ 100°C 34.9SUV @ 100°F 1677SUV @ 210°F 168.4

Viscosity Index 153Flash Point, COC, °C/°F 237/458Pour Point, °C/°F -42/-44Temperature for 150,000 cP, °C/°F -32/-26Rust Test (Synthetic Sea Water) PassTimken OK, lbs. >1054 Ball Weld, kg 2504 Ball Wear @ 40 kg 1200 rpm, mm 0.33FZG Scuffing Test A/8.3/90 14FZG Scuffing Test A/16.6/90 14FZG Micropitting Test @ 60°C Fail 10FZG Micropitting Test @ 90°C Fail 10FAG FE8 Test (Stages 1,2,3,4) Pass


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HYDREX* AW – HYDRAULIC FLUIDSHYDREX AW are premium performance, long-life, anti-wear hydraulic fluids.HYDREX AW fluids are recommended for heavy-duty hydraulic applicationsrequiring superior wear protection. HYDREX AW fluids have excellent thermalstability and oxidation life, which extends drain intervals and protects againstcorrosion and varnish. Good demulsibility and rust protection propertiesminimize the possibility of corrosion and reducing equipment maintenance anddowntime.

HYDREX AW fluids are approved against the following hydraulic equipmentmanufacturers’ specifications: Denison HF-0, Eaton Vickers M-2950-S and I-286-S, Cincinnati-Machine P-68 (AW 32), P-69 (AW 68) and P-70 (AW 46),Hagglunds AC-4.8, and Bosch-Rexroth. HYDREX AW 22 is suitable for useagainst DIN 51524 Part 1 HL and HYDREX AW 32, 46, 68, 80 and 100 aresuitable for DIN 51524 Part 2 HLP. HYDREX AW 32, 46 and 68 are GM LS2approved. HYDREX AW fluids meet ISO 6743/4 Type HM and the USS 127specification.

HYDREX* AW 32 & AW 46 are suitable for use in plant air-line lubricators.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:HYDREX* AW

22 32 46 68 80 100Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 21.6 31.5 45.7 68.4 80 100

cSt @ 100°C 4.3 5.3 6.7 8.5 9.7 11.3SUV @ 100°F 105 162 217 305 371 463SUV @ 210°F 40 45 49 57 58 64

Viscosity Index 101 98 100 99 99 99Flash Point, °C / °F 207/405 217/423 227/441 225/437 245/473 250/482Pour Point, °C / °F -45/-49 -39/-38 -33/-27 -33/-27 -24/-11 -30/-22Oxidation Stability,hours to 2.0 TAN 6500+ 6500+ 6500+ 6500+ 6500+ 6500+



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HYDREX* MV- WIDE TEMPERATURE RANGEHYDRAULIC FLUIDSHYDREX MV are premium performance, long-life, anti-wear hydraulic fluidsdesigned for use in wide temperature ranges. HYDREX MV fluids arerecommended for heavy duty hydraulic applications operating at high pressureand with wide ranges of temperature. They are ideally suited for piston, gearand vane pumps used in industrial, marine, woodlands, mining and othermobile hydraulic systems. These fluids offer minimal fluid friction at low start-up temperatures and provide excellent protection at high operatingtemperatures.

HYDREX MV fluids are approved for use in equipment manufactured byBosch-Rexroth and are recommended for use in equipment manufactured byEaton Vickers, Hagglunds, Denison, Sauer-Danfoss, Oilgear, Hydreco, Dynexand others. Hydrex MV fluids meet the following manufacturers’specifications: Denison HF-0 and Eaton Vickers M-2950-S and I-286-S.HYDREX MV 60 is suitable for use for DIN 51524 Part 2 HLP and HYDREXMV 22 and 36 for DIN 51524 Part 3 HLP. HYDREX MV fluids are suitable foruse when ISO 6743/4 Type HV and the USS 127 specification is specified.

HYDREX MV Arctic 15 is a premium, high performance hydraulic fluiddesigned for extremely cold temperature operation, particularly in Arcticclimates, where it can be started down to -54°C (-65°F) without externalheating. It is also readily biodegradeable as measured by the CEC L-33-A-93test and recommended for use in emergency shut-down valves or other criticallow temperature systems that have to respond quickly and reliably.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:HYDREX

MV Arctic 15 MV 22 MV 36 MV 60Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 13.0 21.7 32.3 58

cSt @ 100°C 4.95 5.0 6.3 9.0SUV @ 100°F 69.7 114 152 269SUV @ 210°F 42.5 42.7 46.8 55.6

Viscosity Index 383 168 148 132Flash Point, °C / °F 128/262 208/406 226/439 214/417Pour Point, °C / °F -57/-71 -51/-60 -48/-54 -42/-44Oxidation Stabilityhours to 2.0 TAN 3000 7000+ 7000+ 7000+Min. Start-upTemperature1, °C / °F <-50/-58 -41/-42 -35/-31 -26/-15Operating Range2

°C -45 to 23 -25 to 57 -18 to 66 -5 to 81°F -49 to 73 -13 to 135 0 to 151 23 to 178

1Start-up is defined as the temperature at which the oil viscosity reaches 10,000cP.

2Petro-Canada defines the upper & lower temperature limits as the temperatures atwhich the oil viscosity reaches 13 cSt after shear in the ASTM D5621 sonic shear testand 750 cP, respectively.



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HYDREX* XV – ALL SEASON HYDRAULIC FLUIDHYDREX XV All Season is a premium performance, long life, anti-wear,energy efficient hydraulic fluid designed for all season use in heavy-dutyhydraulic systems that are exposed to wide ranges of temperature.

HYDREX XV is recommended for year-round use in equipment that has to bestarted at temperatures as low as -40°C (-40°F) and it will continue to performwell at operating temperatures as high as 75°C (167°F). HYDREX XV givesexcellent results in a wide range of industrial machinery and mobile equipmentused in such industries as woodlands, construction, mining, public utility andmarine operations.

HYDREX XV helps eliminate the need to change hydraulic oil seasonally.HYDREX XV is approved for use in equipment manufactured by Bosch-Rexroth. HYDREX XV fluids are suitable for use where manufacturersspecifications Denison HF-0, Eaton Vickers M-2950-s and I-286-S andHagglunds AC-4.8. HYDREX XV is suitable for use where DIN 515524 Part 3HVLP and ISO 6743/4 Type H are specified.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:HYDREX XV

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 43.2cSt @ 100°C 10.5SUV @ 100°F 201SUV @ 210°F 61

Viscosity Index 245Flash Point, °C / °F 245/473 Pour Point, °C / °F -48/-54Oxidation Stability, hours to 2.0 TAN 10,000+Min. Start-up Temperature1, °C / °F -40/-40Operating Range2, °C -18 to 75Operating Range2, °F 0 to 1671Start-up is defined as the temperature at which the oil viscosity reaches 10,000 cP.

2Petro-Canada defines the upper & lower temperature limits as the temperatures atwhich the oil viscosity reaches 13 cSt after shear in the ASTM D5621 sonic shear testand 750 cP, respectively.


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HYDREX* EXTREME-WIDE TEMPERATUREHYDRAULIC FLUIDHYDREX EXTREME is a high performance multi-grade hydraulic fluid designed for extremely wide temperature protection for high and severe lowtemperatures. It’s superior oxidation stability helps to extend drains andminimize sludge and varnish deposits. It’s anti-wear, energy efficient formulahelps your bottom line.

HYDREX EXTREME is recommended for vane, gear and axial pistonhydraulic pumps over an extremely wide range of operating temperatures. It issuitable for applications where systems must be started up at very lowtemperatures but have higher temperatures during operation. It is alsosuitable for use in bucket trucks operating around power lines or in buckettruck hydraulic systems requiring extreme low temperature pumpability.

HYDREX EXTREME is approved for use in Liebherr Cranes.


HYDREX EXTREMEDensity, kg/L at 15°C (60°F) 0.8469Viscosity, cSt at 40°C (SUV @ 100°F) 33.25 (164)

cSt at 100°C (SUV @ 210°F) 11.25 (64)cP at -40°C (-40°F) D2983 1.520

Viscosity Index D2270 353Flash Point, °C (°F) 127 (261)Pour Point, °C (°F) -54 (-65)Oxidation Stability, hours to 2.0 TAN 5000+Start-up Temperatures1, °C (°F) -49 (-56)Operating Temperature Range2, °C (°F) -32 to +64 (-26 to +147)

1Start-up is defined as the temperature at which the oil viscosity reaches 10,000 cP.2Petro-Canada defines the upper & lower temperature limits as the temperatures atwhich the oil viscosity reaches 13 cSt after shear in the D5621 ASTM Sonic Shear Testand 750 cP, respectively.

HYDREX* DT – DETERGENT HYDRAULIC FLUIDSHYDREX DT fluids are special anti-wear detergent/dispersant hydraulic fluidscontaining the same anti-wear and anti-oxidant chemistry as HYDREX AW.However, they also contain a detergent/dispersant package to cleanersystems. These fluids are intended for use in hydraulic systems that are proneto contamination.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: HYDREX DT 22 HYDREX DT 46

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 22.7 46.1cSt @ 100°C 4.3 6.8SUV @ 100°F 109 215SUV @ 210°F 41 49

Viscosity Index 93 102Flash Point, °C / °F 201/394 225/437Pour Point, °C / °F -39/-38 -30/-22Oxidation Stability, hours to 2.0 TAN 5000+ 5000+


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LUMINOL* ELECTRICAL INSULATING FLUIDSPetro-Canada’s LUMINOL* family of electrical insulating fluids represents abreakthrough in electrical insulating fluids technology. Unlike naphthenicmineral oils, LUMINOL uses Petro-Canada’s ultra-pure synthesized iso-paraffin base fluids to help minimize power loss and help maximize yourproductivity. These fluids contain no corrosive sulphur that may lead totransformer breakdown.

LUMINOL TR and LUMINOL TRi are ideal for use in large power anddistribution transformers operating at peak capacity as well as free-breathingunits, pad mount, and pole mount transformers; for commercial, industrial andinstitutional applications:

• LUMINOL TR is designed for Type I applications.

• LUMINOL TRi is designed for Type II applications.

• Both fluids meet or exceed the performance requirements of CSA-C50-97 (Class A and B), ASTM D3487 standards, and DOBLETOPS specifications.

• LUMINOL is approved for applications requiring Ontario Hydro M-104.

• LUMINOL TR meets International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC60296:2003 General specifications for trace inhibited transformer oil.

• LUMINOL TRi meets IEC 60296:2003 General specifications forinhibited transformer oil.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Luminol TR Luminol TRi

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 9.2 9.2cSt @ 0°C 53 53cSt @ -40°C 1230 1230

Flash Point, °C/°F 170/338 170/338Pour Point, °C/°F -60/-76 -60/-76Dielectric breakdown voltage @ 60Hz,kV 55 55Power Factor @ 60Hz, 100°C 0.001 0.001Interfacial Tension, 25°C, mN/m 48 48


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NGS 1000 SYNTHETIC COMPRESSOR FLUIDNGS 1000 is a blended combination of hydrotreated (HT) and polyalphaolefin(PAO) base fluids, fortified with corrosion inhibitors, lubricity improver, andantifoam additives. It is specifically designed for flooded screw compressorshandling the lightest hydrocarbon gases, such as methane and ethane, wherethe expected dilution is less than 10% by weight, and where natural gas liquidsare not significantly present. NGS 1000 will handle sour gas systems, and hasexcellent low temperature properties. By contrast, our SPX 5000 and 7000compressor lubricants are designed for use where propanes and butanes orsome natural gas liquids may be present alongside methane and ethane.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:NGS 1000

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 101cSt @ 100°C 13.2SUV @ 100°F 521SUV @ 210°F 71.8

Viscosity Index 129Flash Point, °C / °F 249/480Pour Point, °C / °F -43/-45


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PETRO-CANADA CLEANING FLUID FOR HEATTRANSFER SYSTEMSPetro-Canada Cleaning Fluid is specially designed to effectively clean dirty orheavily carbonized systems which have been operating on aromatic based ormineral based heat transfer fluids. This fluid is recommended for use inclosed heat transfer systems and should not be used in systems operating infood processing plants. The upper operating limit for Petro-Canada CleaningFluid is 100°C (212°F). It should be used along with Petro-Canada FlushingFluid to thoroughly clean and rinse dirty systems.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Cleaning FluidViscosity cSt @ 40°C 4.9

cSt @ 100°C 1.6SUS @ 100°F 43.0SUS @ 210°F 31.3

Flash Point, COC, °C / °F 139/282Pour Point, °C / °F -21/-6

PETRO-CANADA FLUSHING FLUIDPetro-Canada Flushing Fluid is designed for flushing out dirty oil-circulatingsystems including those operating on heat transfer fluids. While it will notremove the baked-on carbon of highly degraded fluids, it is effective inloosening sludge, removing trapped fluids, and in dissolving breakdownproducts. It operates effectively as a mechanical flushing agent for heattransfer systems changing over to CALFLO from other non-compatiblematerials. It is completely compatible with hydrocarbon based lubricants andwith all grades of CALFLO Heat Transfer Fluids.

Typical Characteristics are listed below: Flushing FluidDensity, kg/l 0.864Flash Point, COC, °C / °F 222/432Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 35.6

SUS @ 100°F 183.5Pour Point, °C / °F -18/0


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PETROGLIDE* - SAW GUIDE OILPetro-Canada’s PETROGLIDE saw guide oils are specially designed for usewith modern mulit-blade, gang saws, and edgers to provide increased recovery and productivity.

PETROGLIDE’s superior extreme pressure properties reduce friction andmetal to metal contact preventing heat build-up and wear on both saw guidesand blades to help minimize saw deviation.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:PETROGLIDE

68 100 150Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 79 108 172

cSt @ 100°C 11.1 14.1 17.7SUV @ 100°F 404 558 898SUV @ 210°F 64 75 90

Viscosity Index 130 131 113Flash Point, °C / °F 235/455 277/531 270/518Pour Point, °C / °F -42/-44 -36/-33 -36/-33Weld Load, kg 200 200 200

PETROGLIDE* MC 32 - BANDSAW OILPetro-Canada’s PETROGLIDE MC 32 is a premium quality bandsaw oil specially designed for mist lubricated bandsaws. Its tackiness and mist controlis carefully balanced to effectively lubricate without excessive stray mist minimizing oil usage and contributing to a cleaner environment.

PETROGLIDE MC 32 may also be used in circular bladed saw systems wherea lighter grade of oil may be required.


MC 32 Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 32

cSt @ 100°C 6.0SUV @ 100°F 164SUV @ 210°F 46

Viscosity Index 130Flash Point, °C/°F 190/374Pour Point, °C/°F <-54/<-65Weld Point, kg 200Tackiness, % 3


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PETROGLIDE XP 90 - HIGH PERFORMANCESAW GUIDE OILPetro-Canada’s PETROGLIDE XP 90 is a premium quality, environmentallyfriendly saw guide oil designed for use with multi-blade gang saws and edgersto provide increased recovery and productivity. PETROGLIDE XP 90 is formulated to provide optimum tackiness for less wash-off and better lubricityto reduce oil consumption and increase energy efficiency. PETROGLIDE’ssuperior extreme pressure properties reduce friction and metal to metal contact preventing heat build-up and wear on both saw guides and blades tohelp minimize saw deviation.


XP90Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 91

cSt @ 100°C 16.7SUS @ 100°F 459SUS @ 210°F 86

Viscosity Index 200Flash Point, °C / °F 209/408Pour Point, °C / °F -48/-54Weld Load, kg 400Tackiness, % 71

PETRO-THERM – HEAT TRANSFER OILPETRO-THERM is a general purpose heat transfer oil developed for use innon-pressurized, liquid phase, closed heat transfer systems operating withbulk temperatures up to 315°C (600°F). It is specifically formulated to provideeconomical service in a variety of industrial applications while resistingoxidative and thermal degradation.

PETRO-THERM is particularly suitable for use in asphalt plants, marineapplications, wood processing, dry kilns, institutional laundry and heating, andgeneral processing.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: PETRO-THERM


Viscosity Index 95Flash Point, COC, °C / °F 225/437Pour Point, °C / °F -18/0Autoignition Temp, °C / °F 352/666

For applications where specialty heat transfer fluids are required, seeCALFLO on page 101.


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TURBOFLO XL – TURBINE FLUIDTURBOFLO* XL is a premium turbine fluid designed to lubricate and coolsteam and gas turbines and deliver excellent lubrication to bearings operatingin severe conditions. TURBOFLO XL demonstrates exceptional oxidative andthermal stability, which surpasses that of many competitive turbine lubricantson the market. TURBOFLO XL’s superior performance is especially importantin the severe service situations common to gas turbines. Its outstandingoxidation and thermal stability minimizes fluid breakdown caused by air andhigh temperatures. It is suitable for turbine applications with bearingsoperating in ambient temperatures above 260°C or 500°F.

TURBOFLO XL is designed to significantly exceed the demandingrequirements of many steam and gas turbine lubricant specifications.

TURBOFLO XL Fluids are suitable for use in steam and gas turbines requiringthe following major manufacturer and industry specifications:

General Electric GEK 32568F, GEK 46506D, GEK 28143A,Siemens TLV 9013 04 (non EP)Westinghouse 1500 0020, 55125Z3Solar ES 9-224VAlstom (ABB) HTGD 90117, K 110 812101DIN DIN 51515ASTM D4304 Type I (non-EP)


TURBOFLO XL32 46 68

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 33.9 46.4 68.2cSt @ 100°C 5.8 6.8 8.8SUS@ 100°F 175 239 353SUS@ 210°F 45 49 56

Viscosity Index 101 100 102Flash Point, °C / °F 229/444 235/455 247/477Pour Point, °C / °F -30/-22 -30/-22 -24/-11RPVOT, minutes 2,700+ 2,700+ 2,700+Oxidation Stability (D943),hours to 2.0 TAN 10,000+ 10,000+ 10,000+Oxidation Stability (modified D943),hours to 2.0 TAN 23,000+ 23,000+ 23,000+


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TURBOFLO EP – TURBINE FLUIDTURBOFLO* EP is a premium turbine fluid designed for the lubrication ofgeared heavy duty gas turbines with common gear and bearing lubricationsystems. Its outstanding thermal and oxidative stability also makes it anexcellent choice for severe service gas and steam turbine applications.TURBOFLO EP with its zinc free, ashless antiwear additive system deliversexcellent wear and scuffing protection for heavily loaded geared turbines.

TURBOFLO EP fluids are suitable for use in steam and gas turbines requiringthe following major manufacturer and industry specifications:

General Electric GEK 101941A, GEK 32568F, GEK 46506D, GEK 28143A

Siemens TLV 9013 04 (EP)Westinghouse 1500 0020, 55125Z3Solar ES 9-224VAlstom (ABB) HTGD 90117, K 110 812101DIN DIN 51515ASTM D 43041 Type I (non- EP) & Type II (EP)


TURBOFLO EP32 46

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 34.2 46.4cSt @ 100°C 5.6 6.8SUS@ 100°F 176 239SUS@ 210°F 45 49

Viscosity Index 100 101Flash Point, °C / °F 223/433 237/459Pour Point, °C / °F -33/-27 -30/-22RPVOT, minutes 2,000+ 2,000+Oxidation Stability (D943),hours to 2.0 TAN 10,000+ 10,000+FZG, passing load stage 11 11


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TURBOFLO – TURBINE FLUIDPetro-Canada’s TURBOFLO* Fluids are specifically designed to lubricate andcool stream and gas turbines and deliver excellent lubrication to bearings.TURBOFLO Fluids demonstrate exceptional oxidative and thermal stabilityproviding protection against breakdown caused by air and high temperatures.

TURBOFLO Fluids are suitable for use in steam and gas turbines requiringthe following major manufacturer and industry specifications:

General Electric GEK 32568F, GEK 46506D, GEK 28143ASiemens TLV 9013 04 (non-EP)Westinghouse 1500 0020, 55125Z3Solar ES 9-224VAlstom (ABB) HTGD 90117, K 110 812101DIN DIN 51515ASTM D 4304 Type I (non- EP)


TURBOFLO32 46 68

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 34.0 46.6 68.4cSt @ 100°C 5.6 7.0 8.9SUS@ 100°F 175 240 354SUS@ 210°F 45 50 56

Viscosity Index 110 107 103Flash Point, °C / °F 220/428 216/421 232/450Pour Point, °C / °F -30/-22 -24/-11 -21/-6RPVOT, minutes 1,000+ 1,000+ 1,000+Oxidation Stability (D943),hours to 2.0 TAN 10,000+ 10,000+ 10,000+

TURBOFLO R&O/PREMIUM R&O 77– TURBINE/CIRCULATING OILSTURBOFLO* R&O/Premium R&O 77 Oils are high quality lubricants designedfor use in steam and gas turbines, as well as the circulating oil systems of awide range of industrial machinery. These oils are designed to minimize rustand oxidation with blends of ultra pure Petro-Canada HT SeverelyHydrocracked base oils and specially selected additives. In addition, they offerexcellent water separability.

Premium R&O 77 is approved against Canadian General Standards Board(CGSB) specification 3-GP-357c for Steam Turbine Oils. The NATO symbol forthe product covered by this standard is O-240 and another specification for aO-240 product is DEF-STAN 91-25.


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TURBOFLO R&O is approved against GM LS-2.

TURBOFLO R&O 32, 46, 68 and Premium R&O 77 are suitable for use insteam and gas turbines requiring the following major manufacturer andindustry specifications:

General Electric GEK 46506D, GEK 28143ASiemens TLV 9013 04 (non-EP)Westinghouse 1500 0020Alstom (ABB) HTGD 90117, K 110 812101Solar ES 9-224VASTM D 4304 Type I (non- EP)


TURBOFLO R&O10 22 32 46 68 Premium R&O 77

ViscositycSt @ 40°C 10.2 21.8 31.1 44.8 66.1 76.7cSt @ 100°C 2.7 4.3 5.3 6.6 8.3 9.4SUS@ 100°F 62 114 161 231 343 398SUS@ 210°F 35 40 44 48 54 58

Viscosity Index 102 98 100 99 100 97Flash Point, °C / °F 185/365 195/383 210/410 214/417 232/450 240/464Pour Point, °C / °F -57/-71 -39/-38 -36/-33 -33/-27 -30/-22 -27/-17RPVOT, minutes N/A N/A 400+ 400+ 400+ 400+Oxidation Stability (D943)

hours to 2.0 TAN 5,000+ 5,000+ 4,500+ 4,000+ 4,000+ 4,000+Bearing & Gear

Operating Range,* °C -40 to 30 -32 to 54 -23 to 63 -20 to 74 -17 to 84 -15 to 90Bearing & Gear

Operating Range,* °F -40 to 86 -26 to 129 -9 to 145 -4 to 165 1 to 183 5 to 194

TURBOFLO R&O100 150 220 320 460

ViscositycSt @ 40°C 94.6 139.7 206.5 305.4 437cSt @ 100°C 10.7 14.2 18.6 24.4 29.3SUS@ 100°F 494 732 1089 1620 2341SUS@ 210°F 62 76 94 120 143

Viscosity Index 97 96 96 96 95Flash Point, °C / °F 259/498 262/504 268/514 274/525 310/590Pour Point, °C / °F -18/0 -12/10 -12/10 -9/16 -9/16RPVOT, minutes 400+ 300+ 300+ 250+ 400+Oxidation Stability (D943)

hours to 2.0 TAN 4,000+ 2,000 2,000 2,000 1,600Bearing & Gear

Operating Range,* °C -9 to 94 -4 to 105 0 to 114 5 to 123 12 to 130Bearing & Gear

Operating Range,* °F 16 to 201 25 to 221 32 to 237 41 to 253 54 to 266

*Petro-Canada defines the upper & lower temperature limits as the temperatures at which the oil viscosityreaches 13 cSt and 750 cP, respectively.


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REFLO – REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR OILSThe REFLO* line of refrigeration compressor fluids were developed for use incommercial refrigeration compressor systems.

REFLO CFC is formulated for use in systems using CFC (chlorinatedfluorocarbon) refrigerants such as Freon, Genetron and Isotron. It is a highlyrefined naphthenic oil with excellent low temperature properties. It is notrecommended in HFC (hydrofluorocarbons) systems such as R134a or R23.

REFLO 46A and 68A are formulated to provide exceptional service in ammonia refrigeration systems. REFLO’s lower solubility in ammonia canimprove system efficiency and performance, and its superior thermal andoxidative stability can extend fluid life.

REFLO 68A has been approved or meets the requirements of manyrefrigeration OEMs, including Sabroe, Grasso, Frick, Mycom, Cimco,Frigoscandia, Gram, Vilter, Huppmann GMBH, J&E Hall.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:REFLO

CFC 46A 68AViscosity cSt @ 40°C 55 46 57.8

cSt @ 100°C 5.78 6.92 7.86SUS @ 100°F 290.3 236.9 298.9SUS @ 210°F 45.4 49.1 52.3

Viscosity Index 0 106 101Flash Point, °C / °F 189/372 222/431.6 236/456.8Pour Point, °C / °F -36/-32.8 -42/-43.6 -42/-44Floc Point, °C / °F -50/-58 NA NA

Food Industry Approvals

• NSF H2 registered

• Approved by Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registeredfood processing plants.


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REFLO SYNTHETIC 68AREFLO SYNTHETIC 68A is formulated to lubricate ammonia refrigerationcompressors used in large commercial operations such as cold stores, marinesystems and food processing plants; specifically blast freezers that have verylow temperature control, such as pharmaceuticals and microelectronics.REFLO SYNTHETIC 68A can be used in ammonia refrigeration systems wereevaporator temperatures are as low as -51ºC/-60ºF.

REFLO SYNTHETIC 68A is compatible with mineral oils such as hydro treated(HT) and solvent refined (SR) paraffinics as well as napthenics.

REFLO SYNTHETIC 68A is designed to have good compatibility with sealmaterials; it contains a seal swell agent to reduce fluid leaks especially whennapthenic oils were used previously on the compressors.

REFLO SYNTHETIC 68A is compatible with materials such as NBR, FKM,SBR, CR, NR, MVQ.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:REFLO Synthetic 68A


Viscosity Index 119Flash Point, °C / °F 245/473Pour Point, °C / °F -54/-65.2

ROTARY COOKER FLUIDRotary Cooker Fluid is designed for lubrication of continuous rotary cookersand sterilizers, and similar applications operating under high temperature andhigh humidity conditions. Rotary Cooker Fluid protects equipment from wearand corrosion, has excellent detergency and dispersancy to prevent cloggedlines. Rotary Cooker Fluid is free of heavy metals, including zinc.

Food Industry Registration

• NSF H2

Typical Characteristics are shown below:Rotary Cooker Fluid


Viscosity Index 96Flash Point, °C / °F 272/521.6Pour Point, °C / °F -21/-5.8


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SPX 5000, 7000 – HYDROCARBON COMPRESSOR OIL

SPX 5000 and 7000 are unique products specifically formulated for lubricatingand cooling reciprocating and rotary screw compressors handling hydrocarbongases, such as propane and natural gas. Unlike mineral oils, these polyglycolsynthetic lubricants have a much lower gas solubility, which reduces dilution ofviscosity and greatly improves separation of the lubricant from the process gas.

SPX 5000 is recommended for use in:* Compression of light hydrocarbon gases, propane, butane and sweet natural

gas

SPX 7000 is recommended for use in:* Compression of hydrocarbon mixtures* Sour natural gas and acid gas compression* Gas re-injection service

NGS 1000 (page 118) is recommended for:* Compression of light hydrocarbon gases (methane, ethane) where expected

dilutions is <10% wt.* Lubrication and cooling in process and gas rotary screw compressors* Natural gas field booster service

Typical Characteristics are shown below: SPX SPX5000 7000

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 153 129cSt @ 100°C 23.5 25.0SUV @ 100°F 779.3 648.11SUV @ 210°F 115.5 121.9

Viscosity Index 185 229Flash Point, °C / °F 260/500 246/474.8Pour Point, °C / °F -30/-22 -42/-43.6ISO Grade 150 100/150


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SEPRO* XL PAPER MACHINE OILSFor use in the wet and dry ends of paper machine circulating systems, Petro-Canada’s SEPRO XL paper machine oils are particularly recommendedfor situations where there are environmental concerns regarding the quality ofdischarged waste water. SEPRO XL paper machine oils are free of heavy metals, recyclable and non-toxic to water-inhabiting species.

SEPRO XL also provides excellent oxidation stability for extended drain intervals and excellent water separation for better equipment protection fromrust, corrosion, and wear.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:SEPRO XL

150 220 290Viscosity cSt @ 40°C/SUS@100F 146.4/768.9 218.2/1151.6 292/1550.7

cSt @ 100C 14.4 18.6 23.0SUV @ 210°F 76 94 113

Viscosity Index 99 99 98Flash Point, °C / °F 272/521.6 272/528.8 231/447.8Pour Point, °C / °F -21/-5.8 -21/-5.8 -15/5Oxidation Stability hours to 2.0 TAN 5600+ 3100+ 1286Rust Test, Procedure A&B, 24 hours pass pass passFZG Load Stage Pass 12 12+ 12+Zinc (ppm) 0 0 0Barium (ppm) 0 0 0Copper Corrosion @ 100°C/3 hr. 1a 1a 1bWater separation @ 82°C (time) 40-40-0 (10) 40-40-0 (10) 40-40-0 (10)


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SUPER GEAR FLUID – PREMIUM INDUSTRIAL GEARLUBRICANTSuper Gear Fluid is a premium industrial EP gear lubricant, specially designedfor dragline operations where gear and bearing systems operate under conditions of high loading.

Super Gear Fluid delivers improved low temperature fluidity for cold weatheroperation and cold-soak starting conditions. It also shows excellent oxidativeand thermal stability to improve service life.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:Super Gear Fluid

680Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 689

cSt @ 100°C 45.8SUS @ 100°F 3682SUS @ 210°F 221

Viscosity Index 113Temp for 150,000 cP, °C/ °F -13/+9Flash Point, °C / °F 243/469Pour Point, °C / °F -24/-11AGMA No. 8 EPTimken OK Load, kg/lb 30/66FZG Load Stage Pass 12


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SUPER VAC - VACUUM PUMP FLUIDSuper Vac Fluids are specially designed to cool, lubricate and provide a seal inpiston and rotary-vane air vacuum pumps. Blended with Petro-Canada’s 99.9%pure base oils and incorporating an unique additive system, Super Vac Fluidsprovide extremely low vapour pressures for maximum vacuum efficiency. Thefluids have exceptional resistance to high temperature-breakdown and deliverextended lubricant life under severe operating conditions when compared tostraight baseoil products. Product can be used at high operating temperatures(100-130°C) but service life will be reduced.

Besides handling air, Super Vac Fluids may also be used with the followinggases: nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, argon, neon andhelium. They should not be used in pumps handling aggressive vapours, suchas nitric and sulphuric acid, chlorine, hydrogen sulphide or glacial acetic acid.

Food Industry Registration

• NSF H2

Typical Characteristics are shown below:Supervac

15 19 20Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 38.1 55 103.1

cSt @ 100°C 6.2 7.6 11.4SUS @ 100°F 195.9 284.3 538.3SUS @ 210°F 46.7 51.4 65.0

Viscosity Index 110 100 97Flash Point, °C / °F 220/428 225/437 260/500Pour Point, °C / °F -18/0 -15/+5 -12/+10Oxidation Stability,Rotary Bomb, minutes 800 800 800Calculated Vapour Pressure,

mBar @ 25°C 3x10–5 5x10–6 3x10–6

SYNDURO SHB* SYNTHETIC LUBRICANTSSYNDURO SHB Fluids are a family of multi-functional lubricants designed forlong life under demanding high temperature conditions in a wide range of gear,bearing, and compressor applications. They have the added advantage of excellent low-temperature fluidity during start-ups, or during outdoor winterexposure. These products offer the potential to consolidate lubricants over manydifferent applications and a wide range of environmental conditions. They areespecially suited to systems with small reservoirs, or long re-lubrication intervals.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: SYNDURO SHB

32 68 150 220 460Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 33 69 145 219 452

cSt @ 100°C 6.2 11.1 19.9 27.4 46.9SUS @ 100°F 168.8 352 744 1130 2350SUS @ 210°F 46.7 63.7 99.7 133 225

Viscosity Index 139 152 159 160 162Flash Point, °C / °F 237/458 235/455 237/459 243/469 266/511Pour Point, °C / °F <-60/<-76 -54/-65 -45/-49 -42/-44 -39/-38Oxidation Stability, 24h, 200°CChange in TAN 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7FZG Gear Test, Stages Passed 12 12 12 12 12


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METALWORKING OILSPetro-Canada offers a competitive line of metalworking fluids that cover themajor metalworking operations.The main functions of a metalworking fluid are to lubricate or reduce frictionbetween the tool and work piece and to act as a coolant by rapidly removingheat generated at the tool work-piece interface.Petro-Canada’s soluble and neat cutting oils are specially formulated to providemaximum performance for a wide range of metal removing operations.Proper lubrication reduces friction, and as a result:� less coolant is required to absorb heat� less cutting energy is required� tool wear is reduced� improved surface finishes are obtained

NEAT CUTTING OILSNeat Cutting Oils are designed for use as they are received and are non-miscible in water. They have excellent lubricity and anti-wear characteris-tics, assist in extending tool life and produce a quality finish on machinedparts. Petro-Canada’s Neat Cutting oils contain ultra pure hydrocracked baseoils with varying amounts of extreme pressure additives such as sulphur andchlorine and/or lubricity agents.


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TRANSICUTTransicut Oils are non-stain, transparent cutting oils intended for use in high-speed automatic screw machining and simple turning. They areprimarily recommended for machining low carbon steels, free machiningsteels and non-ferrous metals.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Transicut

25 32Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 25.5 32.3

cSt @ 100°C 4.7 5.6SUS @ 100°F 132.6 166.3SUS @ 210°F 41.6 44.6

Flash Point, COC, °C / °F 215/419 217/423Colour, ASTM <1.0 5.5Sulphur, % Wt 0.1 0.3Chlorine, % Wt 2.0 1.0Fatty Ester, % Wt 0.5 3.0

SUPERCUTSupercut Oils are designed for use in heavy duty cutting and grindingoperations on high strength ferrous alloys and tough-to-machinenickel/cobalt alloys. These operations include; tapping, threading,broaching, and conventional turning. Supercut 13 is a low viscosity oil,specially suited for use in thread cutting and deep-hole drilling.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Supercut

13 25 45Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 13.5 24.1 46.7

cSt @ 100°C 3.2 4.6 7.0SUS @ 100°F 75.6 125.5 240.5SUS @ 210°F 36.8 41.3 49.3

Flash Point, COC, °C / °F 177/351 191/376 213/415Colour, ASTM 7.0 7.0 7.0Sulphur, % Wt 2.3 2.3 2.3Chlorine, % Wt 1.1 2.7 2.6Fatty Ester, % Wt 5.0 5.0 5.0


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ALUCUT

Alucut is a light coloured, low viscosity oil specifically developed for machiningaluminum and magnesium alloys. Lubricity and wetting agents assist in producing excellent surface finishes and rapidly removing the heat generatedduring high speed machining.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Alucut


Flash Point, COC, °C / °F 178/352Colour, ASTM < 0.5Fatty Ester, % Wt 1.2Saponification No. 4.9

ALUDRAW 850 – WIRE DRAWING OILAludraw 850 is a drawing oil used in processes such as drawing, forming,stamping, extrusion, forging and rolling. It is designed for drawing aluminumwire, providing good die life, material finish and dimensional accuracy. Thisdrawing oil is most effective when it contains 1-2% of aluminum fines, whichproduce a synergistic effect with Aludraw 850 thus improving the drawingcharacteristics.

The life of this oil is extremely good, with normal topping up as required. Yearlycheck of the oil will determine at which time it should be replaced.

A rule of thumb that should be used for changing the oil follows: 1. Viscosity @ 100°C has increased from 24 cSt to 60 cSt2. Solids have increased to 10% 3. Ash has increased to 20%

The aluminum fines are removed from the sump and approximately 50% ofthe oil is replaced with new Aludraw 850.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Aludraw 850


Viscosity Index 112Pour Point, °C / °F -6/21Saponification Number 20.8Total Acid No., mg koh/g 0.4

SOLUBLE CUTTING OILSPetro-Canada Soluble Cutting Oils are used where rapid heat removal is themain criterion. They are formulated with mineral oils, emulsifiers, rustinhibitors, EP additives and other coupling agents. Soluble Oils are mixed withwater in normal starting proportions of 3% to 10% for most operations.

Petro-Canada Soluble Cutting Oils produce stable emulsions which haveexcellent cooling ability and the necessary balance of lubricity and extremepressure characteristics required for proper machining conditions. They are notrecommended for use with nitrile seals, as they will cause weakening over time.Important Note: ALWAYS ADD OIL TO WATER


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CUTSOL / CUTSOL HDCutsol is a specially designed for general machining operations. Applicationsinclude cutting, drilling, milling, and grinding. Cutsol is ideal for all machiningoperations where cooling and rust protection are of prime importance. Theproduct contains a biocide (anti-microbial agent).

Cutsol HD is a heavy-duty oil which contains extreme pressure additives foruse in metal removal operations where a high degree of surface finish andlong tool life are desired. Cutsol HD is intended for difficult machiningoperations. The product provides good rust protection and contains abiocide (anti-microbial agent).

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Cutsol Cutsol HD

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 39.4 87.0Oil Appearance Clear Amber Clear AmberSulphur, %Wt 0.2 1.1Chlorine, %Wt nil 11.8Fatty Ester, % Wt 4.1 1.0Water to Oil Mix Ratio 10:1/30:1 10:1/20:1Emulsion Appearance Milky White Milky WhitepH Emulsion 9.2 9.1


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5

GREASES

INTRODUCTIONGreases are designed to lubricate bearing and gear applications where acontinuous oil supply cannot be retained. Grease is a solid to semi-solidmaterial produced by the dispersion of a thickening agent in a liquid lubricant.In many cases, specialty additives are also used to enhance the performanceof the product. When selecting grease for an application, capabilities such asoperating temperatures, water resistance, oxidation stability, etc. are importantconsiderations. The grease’s characteristics, including viscosity andconsistency, are also key factors to consider.

The most important factors affecting the properties and characteristics of agrease are:• Amount and type of thickener• Oil viscosity and physical characteristics• Additives

A grease is expected to:• Reduce friction and wear• Provide corrosion protection• Seal bearings from water and contaminants• Resist leakage, dripping and throw-off• Resist change in structure or consistency during service• Maintain mobility under conditions of application• Be compatible with seals• Tolerate or repel moisture

REGULAR GREASERegular (or simple) greases are primarily made through the reaction of a metalhydroxide with a fatty acid. The metal hydroxide is typically lithium, calcium oraluminum and has an important impact on the characteristics of the grease.

Simple lithium greases provide good temperature capabilities with good waterresistance. Simple calcium greases provide good water resistance, but don’tperform as well at high temperatures. Simple aluminum greases have inherentstringiness making them a good choice for semi-fluid greases and applicationswhere adhesion is of primary importance.

COMPLEX GREASEComplex greases are made with two or more carboxylic acids similar to a reg-ular grease except that the thickener contains two dissimilar fatty acids, one ofwhich is the complexing agent. This imparts good high temperature character-istics to the final product along with the characteristics of the base metalhydroxide. Common complex greases include lithium complex, aluminum com-plex and calcium complex.

Calcium sulphonate complex grease – Calcium sulphonate complex greaseis miceller in nature rather than a complex soap per se.


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LUBRICATING OILThe high percentage of oil by weight (75-95%) in a grease requires the oil tobe of high quality and proper viscosity for the intended application. A lightviscosity or synthetic oils are normally used for low temperature, low load andhigh speed applications. Conversely a heavy viscosity oil is generally used forhigh temperature, high load and slow speed applications.

ADDITIVES

The most common additives found in grease are as follows:

� Oxidation Inhibitors – prolong the life of a grease� EP Agents – guard against scoring and galling� Anti-Corrosion Agents – protect metal against attack from water,

sulphides or corrosive elements� Anti-Wear Agents – prevent abrasion and metal to metal contact

GREASE DEFINITIONS

� Consistency – is the degree of hardness of a grease and may vary consider-ably with temperature. This has been classified by the National LubricatingGrease Institute (NLGI) into the following categories:

NLGI GRADE PENETRATION @ 25°C (1/10th mm)000 445 - 47500 400 - 4300 355 - 3851 310 - 3402 265 - 2953 220 - 2504 175 - 2055 130 - 1606 85 - 115

� Shear Stability – is the ability of a grease to resist a change in consistencyduring mechanical working. Under high rates of shear, grease structurestend to change in consistency (usually become softer).

� Oil Separation – is the percentage of oil which separates from the greaseunder static (eg. storage) conditions. It cannot predict separation tendenciesin use under dynamic conditions.

� High Temperature Stability – is the ability of a grease to retain its consistency, structure and performance at temperatures above 125°C.


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GREASE SERVICE CLASSIFICATION

The following five (5) categories for Automotive Service Greases have beendeveloped by the NLGI. The scope of this classification (ASTM D 4950) covers greases designed for the lubrication of chassis components and wheelbearings of passenger cars, trucks and other vehicles. The NLGI classifies auto-motive service greases into two (2) main groups. Chassis greases, designed bythe prefix L and Wheel Bearing greases designated by the prefix G.

The following table outlines the five (5) categories:

NLGI AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE GREASE CATEGORIES

LAchassis

LBchassis

GAwheel

bearings

GBwheel

bearings

GCwheel

bearings

Category Service Performance

Frequent relubricationintervals (<3200 km). Mild duty (non-critical applications).

Prolonged relubrication intervals (>3200 km). Mild to severe duty (highloads, vibration, exposure towater).

Frequent relubricationintervals. Mild duty (non-critical applications).

Mild to moderate duty(cars, trucks in urban andhighway service.)

Mild to severe duty (vehiclesin frequent stop-and-goservice, trailer hauling,mountain driving, etc.)

Oxidation resistant, shearstable, and corrosion andwear protective.

Oxidation resistant, shearstable, and corrosion andwear protective even underheavy loads and in presenceof aqueous contamination.Temperature range –40°C to120°C.

Temperature range –20°C to70°C.

Oxidation and evaporationresistant, shear stable, andcorrosion and wear protective.Temperature range –40°C to120°C with occasionalexcursions to 160°C.

Oxidation and evaporationresistant, shear stable, andcorrosion and wear protective.Temperature range –40°C to120°C with frequent excursions to 160°C andoccasional excursions to200°C.


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GREASE COMPATIBILITYOccasionally, grease substitution in an application may be necessary tocorrect problems arising from the original product in service. If the thickeners areincompatible, the mixture will fall short of the properties of the individual greases.

It is strongly advised that, in all cases, the old grease be purged or cleanedout from the system before a new one is introduced. However, compatibilitybetween greases is temperature dependent. As the temperature rises, theproblems associated with incompatibility also increase. The following chartindicates the compatibilities of major Petro-Canada greases. With competitors’products, it is strongly advised to treat them as incompatible unless strongevidence exists to the contrary.

Aluminum Lithium BariumComplex Lithium Polyurea Complex Complex Silica Clay

Supreme Multipurpose Chevron Precision Barimol Thermex BentoneEP 2 EP 2 SRI 2 EP 2 Heavy RM 2

Lithium Multipurpose YesEP 2 140

Polyurea Chevron Yes YesSRI 2 130 145

Lithium Precision Yes Yes YesComplex EP 2 150 170 158Barium Barimol Yes Yes Yes YesComplex Heavy 168 153 173 160Silica Thermex Yes No No No Yes

115 (*) 80 (*) 173Clay Bentone No No No Yes Yes No

RM 2 58 95 (*) 183 173 75Calcium Grease No Yes No Yes Yes No NoSulphonate OG-2 98 125 95 125 140 (*) 95Complex

Notes:1. The number quoted indicates the temperature, in degrees Celsius, at which incompatibility sets in.2. (*) Indicates the mixture is incompatible at all temperatures.

GREASE PROPERTIESThe following chart is designed to help you select a type of grease that willsatisfy the intended application.

REGULAR GREASES COMPLEX SYNTHETIC CLAY

Properties Calcium Lithium Sodium Aluminum Calcium Barium Lithium Polyurea BentoneDropping Point °C 80-100 175-205 170-200 260+ 260+ 200+ 260+ 250+ None*Max Temp °C 65 125 125 150 150 150 160 150 150High Temp Use V. Poor Good Good Exc Exc Good Exc Exc ExcLow Temp Mobility Fair Good Poor Good Fair Poor Good Good GoodMech. Stability Fair Good Fair Exc Good Fair Exc Good FairWater Resist. Exc Good Poor Exc Exc Exc Exc Exc FairOxidation Stability Poor Good Good Exc Exc Poor Good Exc Good

Texture Smooth Smooth Fibrous or Smooth Smooth Fibrous Smooth Smooth SmoothSmooth

*These temperatures refer to continuous operation. They may be exceeded temporarily in the case of complexgreases, and where rigorous lubrication practice is followed.

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GREASE SHELF LIFEThe shelf life of a grease is affected by the type and amount of thickener used,consistency of the grease, manufacturing method employed and theformulation complexity. Generally Straight Lithium, Lithium Complex andCalcium Complex greases remain stable for a long time.Aluminum Complexgreases tend to set and harden, but remain stable. Bentone and Bariumgreases tend to soften on aging. Based on these observations:� The shelf life of all Petro-Canada greases, EXCEPT those of NLGI grade #0

or softer (i.e. #00 & #000), is five (5) years.� The following greases have shelf lives of two (2) years.

Vultrex Rock Drill, EP 000, Vultrex Rolling Cam Light, Vultrex Gearshield NC,Vultrex Gearshield P, Peerless OG0), Precision XL EP00, Precision XL 3 MolyArctic, Precision XL EP 00, Precision Synthetic EP 00, Purity FG 00, PrecisionXL EP000, Vultrex Slide Cam, Vultrex Slide Cam Light, Vultrex MPG SyntheticArctic, Precision XL 5 Moly EP0, Vultrex OGL Synthetic All Season, Vultrex OGLSynthetic Arctic, Vultrex EGF 1000, Vultrex OGL Heavy.

APPLYING GREASE

The over-packing and over-greasing of bearings accounts for more failures thanany other factor. Excess grease in a bearing cavity increases internal friction, whichin turn raises the bearing temperature above the dropping point of the grease. Thiscauses oil separation and eventually lack of lubrication. When packing a split housing pillow block bearing ensure that the grease cavity is only one-third full.

Re-greasing intervals are determined from:

� severity of service � environment � condition of seals � shock loading

The following chart provides a guide to re-greasing intervals and the amountof grease to be applied.

GREASE LUBRICATION SCHEDULESPHERICAL ROLLER BEARINGS

TEMPERATURE 90°C (200°F) HORIZONTAL SHAFT EQUIPMENT

Amount of Operating speed (rpm)Shaft Size grease 500 1000 1500 2000 2200 2700 3000 3500 4000 4500

Inches MM IN3 CM3 Lubrication cycle (months)3⁄4-1 25 0.39 6.4 6 6 6 4 4 4 2 2 1 111⁄8-11⁄4 30 0.47 7.7 6 6 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 117⁄l6-11⁄2 35 0.56 9.2 6 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 1⁄215⁄8-13⁄4 40 0.80 13.1 6 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 1⁄2115⁄16-2 45 - 50 0.89 14.6 6 4 2 1 1 1 1 1⁄223⁄16-21⁄4 55 1.09 17.9 6 4 2 1 1 1 1⁄227⁄16-21⁄2 60 1.30 21.3 4 2 1 1 1 1⁄2211⁄16-3 65 - 75 2.42 39.7 4 2 1 1 1⁄233⁄16-31⁄2 80 - 85 3.92 64.2 4 2 1 1⁄2311⁄16-4 90 - 100 5.71 93.6 4 1 1⁄243⁄16-41⁄2 110 - 115 6.50 106.5 4 1 1⁄2415⁄16-5 125 10.00 163.9 2 1 1⁄2


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GREASESPetro-Canada greases are listed according to their performance or application,as follows:

• Regular Performance Greases• Premium Performance Greases• Special Application Greases• Gear Lubricants/Cam Compounds• Food Grade Greases• Non-Melting Greases• Drilling Compounds

• REGULAR PERFORMANCE GREASESMULTI-APPLICATION LITHIUM GREASESPRECISION* GENERAL PURPOSE greases are a series of high quality, costeffective, lithium based extreme pressure greases for wide operatingtemperature ranges and water resistance.

PRECISION GENERAL PURPOSE EP2 is used in bearings operating at low tomoderate speeds and at medium temperatures.

PRECISION GENERAL PURPOSE EP1 is recommended for centralizedgrease systems to lubricate heavily loaded conveyor bearings, mobile miningand forestry equipment and high speed industrial bearings.

PRECISION GENERAL PURPOSE MOLY Grease is a quality lithium based,dark grey multi-application grease incorporating molybdenum disulphide/graphite and EP additives. Molybdenum disulphide/graphite interact with metalsurfaces to provide a protective barrier against wear even when the greasecomponent is depleted.

PRECISION GENERAL PURPOSE MOLY Grease is ideally suited forapplications in truck fleets, mobile equipment and plant machinery whichrequire a grease with outstanding extreme pressure (EP) and shock resistantproperties.

Typical Characteristics for PRECISION GENERAL PURPOSE Greases areshown below:

PRECISION PRECISION PRECISIONGENERAL PURPOSE GENERAL PURPOSE GENERAL PURPOSE

EP 2 EP 1 MOLYSoap Type Lithium Lithium LithiumColour Brown Brown GreyWorked Penetration @ 25°C 265 310 272Dropping Point, °C/°F 198/388 191/376 191/376Base Oil Viscosity

cSt @ 40°C 159 159 159cSt @ 100°C 14.9 14.9 14.9SUS @ 100°F 737 737 737SUS @ 210°F 78 78 78

Timken OK Load, kg/lb 18/40 18/40 18/40Weld Point, kg 250 250 315Operating Range, °C -20 to 135 -30 to 135 -25 to 135OOppeerraattiinngg RRaannggee,, °F -4 to 275 -22 to 275 -13 to 275Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -25/-13 -30/-22 -25/-13

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GREASES

• PREMIUM PERFORMANCE LITHIUM / LITHIUM COMPLEX GREASES

PRECISION XL GREASES

PRECISION XL greases are versatile premium performance, long-life,lithium-complex/lithium greases designed to lubricate and protect automotiveand industrial equipment over a very wide range of operating conditions.PRECISION greases are recommended for passenger cars, vans, highwaytruck fleets and all off-highway vehicles. They are also the primerecommendation for all industrial machinery, as well as pulp and paper & steelmills and mineral extraction equipment.

PRECISION XL EMB Grease – is an NLGI #2 non EP rust and oxidationinhibited lithium complex grease with a medium/low oil viscosity and iscoloured blue for identification purposes. It is designed primarily to lubricatehigh speed ball and roller bearings, including those on high temperatureelectric motors and generators with Class H insulation.

PRECISION XL EP 00 Grease – is a semi-fluid NLGI #00 EP lithium greasedeveloped for centralized on-board truck chassis lubrication systems. Despiteits soft nature, PRECISION XL EP 00 retains a good dropping point, high baseoil viscosity and EP characteristics necessary to handle shock loads andminimize wear. PRECISION XL EP 00 has been developed for centralizedgrease lubrication systems such as Groeneveld, Robertshaw, Lincoln, GreaseJockey, Interlube and Vogel. This grease handles all autogreasing points on atruck. PRECISION EP 00 may be used also as a gear drive lubricant, where ahigh viscosity gear oil with low temperature mobility is required, or in leakinggear-boxes.

PRECISION XL EP 000 Grease -is an extreme pressure, semi-fluid lithiumgrease inhibited against wear, rust and oxidation. This grease was specificallydesigned for use in leaky or poorly sealed gear boxes. Applications in generalindustry include leaky speed reducers*, chain cases, bearings and in centralizedgrease systems. It is also well suited to the gear boxes of continuous minersoperating in the coal and potash industries.*Grease level must cover one-half the gear shaft bearings.

PRECISION XL EP 1 Grease – is a NLGI #1 EP lithium complex greasedesigned for use in heavy duty and general purpose bearing applicationsserved by centralized lubrication systems. PRECISION XL EP 1 may be usedas a winter alternative to PRECISION XL EP 2, where greater mobility at lowtemperatures is desired. PRECISION EP 1 meets the NLGI GC-LB standardfor wheel bearing and chassis lubrication.

PRECISION XL EP 2 Grease – is a NLGI #2 EP lithium complex greasedesigned for use in all types of heavy duty and general purpose bearingsoperating at both low or high speeds. PRECISION XL EP 2 can be used forgrease-gun application to a wide range of equipment and conditions.Applications include automotive wheel bearings, especially wheels fitted withdisc brakes, chassis points on highway, off-highway and farm vehicles andindustrial machinery such as paper machines, presses, mills and crushers.PRECISION XL EP 2 meets the NLGI GC-LB standard for wheel bearing andchassis lubrication.

PRECISION XL 3 Moly EP1 and EP 2 Greases – are lithium greases with theEP2 contains a more viscous oil while the EP1 has the same base oil viscosityas PRECISION XL greases and are compounded with 3% molybdenum


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disulphide. They are best suited to tough, heavy-duty shockloaded equipmentin industrial and off-highway applications. They are also suitable for truck fifthwheels. PRECISION XL Moly 3 EP 1 is formulated for better pumpability atlower temperatures than PRECISION XL Moly 3 EP 2 and may be used incentralized greasing systems.

PRECISION XL 3 Moly Arctic Grease is a lithium grease recommended forheavy duty applications particularly where shock loading or vibration isencountered in industrial machinery or in off-highway equipment. It is alsorecommended for use in centralized lubrication systems especially at lowtemperatures for mining/forestry applications.

PRECISION XL 5 Moly EP 0, EP 1 and EP 2 lithium greases contain mediumviscosity oil and are compounded with 5% molybdenum disulphide and aredesigned to meet Caterpillar lubricant specifications for their 5130 (7TJ &5ZL), 5230 (7LL) model Mining Excavators and 994 (9YF) model WheelLoaders. The EP0 base oil and additive package are selected to meetBucyrus International grease standard SD 4711 (Multi-Purpose Grease).

PRECISION XL HEAVY DUTY – This robust lithium complex grease isformulated for use in centralized lubrication systems found on steel-rollingmills, but also is very capable of handling many other applications includingheavy duty, slow moving and operating at high temperatures.

PRECISION XL RAIL CURVE GREASE is a water-resistant lithium greasecompounded with graphite and is suitable for All Season use in mechanicalapplicators of trackside lubrication systems such as Portec and Lincoln, aswell as on-board lubrication systems such as the Clicomatic system. It offersimproved wear protection, excellent adhesion and the benefit of being able toperform over a wide temperature range.

PRECISION XL RAIL CURVE GREASE is recommended for the followingapplication: Track-side mechanical lubricators, on-board lubrication systems,switches, switch plates (hand applied/brushed), fish plates and joint bars, andother railway applications where graphite greases are recommended.

Typical Characteristics of our PRECISION XL line of are shown below:

PRECISIONXL EP 2 XL EP 1 XL EP 00 XL EP000 XL EMB

Soap Type Lithium Lithium Lithium Lithium LithiumComplex Complex Complex ComplexColour Green Green Green Dark Amber Dark Amber BlueWorked Penetration@ 25°C 274 312 401 452 291Dropping Point, °C/°F 302 (576) 307 (585) 191 (376) 185 (365) 298 (568)Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 220 220 120 325 110cSt @ 100°C 17.9 17.9 13.7 24 12

SUS @ 100°F 1019 1019 555 1506 510SUS @ 210°F 90 90 73 115 66Timken OK Load, kg/lb 27 (60) 27(60) 18(40) 18(40) -Weld Point, kg 315 315 250 250 -Operating Range, °C -20 to 160 -25 to 160 -35 to 100 -25 to 100 -25 to 160Operating Range, °F -4 to 320 -13 to 320 -31 to 212 -13 to 212 -13 to 320Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -20/-4 -20/-4 -35/-31 -25/-13 -20/-4

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GREASES

PRECISION XLHEAVY RAIL 3 MOLY 3 MOLY 3 MOLYDUTY CURVE EP2 EP1 ARCTIC

(STEEL MILL)Soap Type Lithium Lithium Lithium Lithium Lithium

ComplexColour Brown Black/Grey Grey Grey GreyWorked Penetration@ 25°C 284 328 265 313 325

Dropping Point, °C/°F 284(723) 185(365) 228(412) 230(446) 209(408)Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 420 20.6 403 220 34cSt @ 100°C 25.6 4.1 25.1 17.9 6.1

SUS @ 100°F 1946 100 1867 1019 160SUS @ 210°F 123 40 212 90 46Timken OK Load, kg/lb 27(60) 18(40) 27(60) 27(60) 18(40)Weld Point, kg 315 400 620 620 250Operating Range, °C -10 to 160 -50 to 120 -15 to 135 -25 to 135 -45 to 135Operating Range, °F 14 to 320 -58 to 248 5 to 275 -13 to 275 -49 to 275Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -10/14 -45/-49 -15/5 -25/-13 -45/-49

PRECISION XL 5 MOLY EP0 MOLY EP1 MOLY EP2

Soap Type Lithium Lithium LithiumColour Grey Grey GreyWorked Penetration @ 25°C 360 331 282Dropping Point, °C/°F 219 227 187Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 127 159 195.4cSt @ 100°C 14 14.9 18.2

SUS @ 100°F 662 737 1028SUS @ 210°F 76 78 93Timken OK Load, kg/lb 23(50) 23(50) 20(45)Weld Point, kg 620 620 620Operating Range, °C -50 to 120 -30 to 135 -25 to 135Operating Range, °F -58 to 248 -22 to 275 -13 to 275Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -45/-49 -25/-13 -25/-13

• SYNTHETIC GREASESPRECISION SYNTHETIC GREASEPRECISION Synthetic - is a long-life, premium performance, all-season,extreme pressure lithium complex grease containing synthetic base-oil. Originallydeveloped to lubricate heavy mining equipment under Arctic conditions, thisgrease delivers outstanding cold weather performance without compromisinghigh temperature lubrication. PRECISION Synthetic meets NLGI AutomotiveService Classification GC-LB for wheel hearing and chassis lubrication.

PRECISION Synthetic Moly - like PRECISION Synthetic this is an NLGI #1lithium complex grease, but contains 3% Molybdenum Disulphide forprotection against vibration and shock loading. This extra component renders


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the grease particularly suitable for on-and off-highway equipment subjected toheavy vibration and operating under extreme hot and cold temperatureconditions.

PRECISION Synthetic Heavy - is a synthetic, high temperature EP lithiumcomplex grease, containing a very viscous base oil, with a NLGI Consistencybetween #1 and #2 grades. It is designed primarily for the lubrication of dryerfelt-roll bearings in paper machines, where extended life at high temperaturesis needed and frequent replenishment is not possible.

PRECISION Synthetic Heavy EP 00 - is a synthetic semi-fluid lithiumcomplex grease designed primarily for lubricating truck/trailer wheel-endbearings. This softer grade of PRECISION Synthetic Heavy is alsorecommended for use in leaky gear-cases.


PRECISION SyntheticMoly Heavy EP 00

Soap Type Lithium Lithium Lithium LithiumComplex Complex Complex Complex

Colour Gold Grey Gold GoldWorked Penetration@ 25°C 314 324 300 419Dropping Point, °C/°F 294/561 >305/>581 >301/>574 301/574Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 100 100 488 488cSt @ 100°C 12.7 12.7 44 44SUS @ 100°F 464 464 2261 2261SUS @ 210°F 69 69 207 207Timken OK Load, kg/lb 27/60 27/60 27/60 25/55Weld Point, kg 250 315 315 315Operating Range, °C -45 to 170 -40 to 170 -30 to 170 -40 to 170Operating Range, °F -49 to 338 -40 to 338 -22 to 338 -40 to 338Min. DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -40/-40 -40/-40 -25/-13 -35/-31

• SPECIALTY GREASES FOR EXTREME TEMPERATURES

PEERLESS GREASESPEERLESS LLG* is a superior, high performance, calcium sulphonatecomplex grease, specifically formulated for high temperature and very long lifeapplications. It has a distinctive burgundy colour and is designed to match theperformance of polyurea thickened greases.

PEERLESS LLG has a NLGI No. 2 consistency and meets NLGI AutomotiveService Classification GC-LB. PEERLESS LLG is recommended for allsealed-for-life bearings found on automotive and industrial equipment, as wellas other “life-pack” applications, such as constant-velocity joints. It is alsorecommended for equipment, such as kilns and ovens, with bearings andslide-ways operating continuously at temperatures up to 200°C/392°F orintermittently as high as 300°C/572°F.

It can also be used to grease electric-motor bearings.

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GREASES

PEERLESS LLGSoap Type Calcium Sulphonate/Carbonate ComplexColour BurgundyWorked Penetration @ 25°C 284Dropping Point, °C/°F 314(597)Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 95cSt @ 100°C 10.8

SUS @ 100°F 440SUS @ 210°F 62Timken OK Load, kg/lb 27(60)Weld Point, kg 500Operating Range, °C -20 to 200Operating Range, °F -4 to 392Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -20/-4

• SPECIALTY GREASES FOR WATER RESISTANCE

PEERLESS* OG GREASEPEERLESS OG products are based on a special type of calcium sulphonatecomplex thickener, which is most effective in the presence of water. They arecapable of absorbing moderate levels of water without softening or changingconsistency, while still providing outstanding rust protection. These unusualproperties are enhanced by their capabilities as EP multipurpose, hightemperature greases. The cream coloured PEERLESS OG 0,1,2 and Plusmakes them ideal where cleanliness and non-staining properties are at apremium. The OG0, 1, and 2 are approved by the Canadian Food InspectionAgency for use in food plant machinery, where there is no direct food contact.

PEERLESS OG2 – is an NLGI #2 grade with excellent adhesiveness and isideally suited for all types of industrial and automotive bearings, for 5thwheels, forklift mast slides, king pins, and for open gears. PEERLESS OG2meets the NLGI GC-LB standard for wheel bearing and chassis lubrication.

PEERLESS OG2 PC Red – is PEERLESS OG2, dyed a red colour forapplications requiring the same product qualities, but also requiring greatergrease visibility It also meets the NLGI GC-LB standard for wheel bearing andchassis lubrication.

PEERLESS OG1 – is an NLGI #1 grade with lower oil viscosity and thickenercontent for ease of pumpability under cooler ambient conditions. PEERLESSOG1 meets the NLGI GC-LB standard for wheel bearing and chassislubrication.

PEERLESS OG0 – is an NLGI #0 grade designed for use in low ambienttemperature conditions.

PEERLESS OG Plus is particularly recommended for the wet end bearings ofpaper mills with its superior sealing properties and extremely low waterwashout. It is designed to prevent the bearing/grease failures in the papermills to provide longer re-lubrication intervals and protect equipment better.


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Typical Characteristics are shown below:PEERLESS

OG0 OG1 OG2 OG2 OGRed PLUS

Soap Type Calcium Calcium Calcium Calcium CalciumSulfonate/ Sulfonate/ Sulfonate/ Sulfonate/ Sulfonate/Carbonate Carbonate Carbonate Carbonate CarbonateComplex Complex Complex Complex Complex

Colour Cream Cream Cream Red CreamWorked Penetration@ 25°C 366 329 276 270 245

Dropping Point, °C/°F 284/543 310/590 304/597 300/572 304/579Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 40 53 73 73 73cSt @ 100°C 7.3 8.9 9.4 9.4 9.4

SUS @ 100°F 187 270 378 339 339SUS @ 210°F 50 56 56 57 57Timken OK Load, kg/lb 23/50 27/60 27/60 27/60 27/60Weld Point, kg 315 315 400 400 500Operating Range, °C -35 to 163 -30 to 163 -25 to 163 -25 to 163 -20 to 163Operating Range, °F -31 to 325 -22 to 325 -13 to 325 -13 to 325 -4 to 325Minimum DispensingTemp °C/°F -27/-17 -22/-8 -18/0 -18/0 -15/5

PEERLESS SVG 102 – VALVE GREASE is an NLGI #1 calcium sulphonatecomplex grease formulated primarily for the lubrication of the internal parts ofvalves employed in the production and distribution of sour gas in natural gasplants.

It protects the valves against corrosion and the deleterious effects of hydrogensulphide present in these gas streams. SVG 102 has also been successfullyapplied to valves used in LPG and water injection systems in the oil and gasindustry.

PEERLESS XCG-Flex is a calcium sulfonate complex grease with outstandingmechanical stability and resistance to oil separation. In addition, it has a high-load carrying ability, a high dropping point and excellent resistance tocorrosion and water wash-out.

These properties make XCG-Flex an ideal choice for use in high-speedflexible couplings, where severe centrifugal forces are generated. It preventsoxidative fretting corrosion and protects against wear under potentially highgear tooth loadings and vibration. XCG-Flex meets AGMA coupling greasespecifications CG-1 and CG-2.

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GREASES


PEERLESS XCG-Flex PEERLESS SVG-102VALVE GREASE

Soap Type Calcium CalciumSulfonate/Carbonate Sulfonate/Carbonate

Complex ComplexColour Tan Green/GreyWorked Penetration @ 25°C 335 324Dropping Point, °C/°F 290/554 262/504Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 329 101cSt @ 100°C 22.5 11.2SUS@ 100°F 1744 527SUS@ 210°F 112 64Weld Point, kg 620Timken OK Load, kg/lb 30(65) 27(60)Oil Separation, % 0.1 –Water Wash-out, % 1.5 –Operating Range, °C -20 to 163 -35 to 163Operating Range, °F -34 to 325 -31 to 325Minimum DispensingTemp °C/°F -20/-4 -35/-31

• FOOD GRADE GREASES

PURITY FG Greases are advanced food grade lubricants specially formulatedto deliver superior performance and food grade purity under the highlydemanding conditions of food processing operations. They can be used in awide range of food processing applications including sleeve and anti-frictionbearings, slides, guides and couplings found on food processing machinery.PURITY FG Greases exhibit good low temperature pumpability and excellentresistance to water wash-out and spray loss. In addition, they have superioranti-wear and EP properties, protect against rust and corrosion and are whitein colour.

PURITY FG Synthetic Grease is specially formulated to provide outstandinglubrication in food processing applications running under heavier loads orsubject to high and low temperature extremes. It is recommended as amultiservice or multi-application lubricant across all food processingapplications including mixing, cooking, stirring, baking, frying, packaging,canning and bottling.

PURITY FG Extreme Grease is a high viscosity, semi synthetic, heavy dutyfood grade grease specifically formulated for low to medium speed, heavyloaded industrial bearings operating under severe conditions. Purity FGextreme exhibits excellent protection in applications subjected to hightemperature, high pressure, and heavy loaded while operating continuously,such as Pellet Mills..

PURITY FG Clear FM Grease is an advanced colourless lubricant speciallyformulated to deliver superior performance and food grade purity under thehighly demanding conditions of food processing operations when compared toother CLEAR food grade greases. PURITY FG CLEAR grease was designedfor use in anti-friction bearings, slides, guides and couplings throughout foodprocessing plants. It is specifically formulated for beverage productionmachinery such as canning and bottling equipment.


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Food Industry PURITY FG PURITY FG PURITY FG PURITY FGApprovals FOOD MACHINERY Synthetic Extreme Clear

GREASE Grease Grease Grease

NSF H1 registered ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

complies with FDA 21 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔CFR 178.3570 “Lubricantswith incidental food contact”

approved by Canadian Food ✔ Pending Pending Pending Inspection Agency (CFIA)for use in registered foodprocessing plants.

certified Kosher and Pareve ✔ ✔ Pending ✔by Star K

certified Halal by IFANCA ✔ ✔ Pending ✔

Free of genetically modified ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔3 3 3 substances (GMS)

Maintains food allergy safety ✔ Pending Pending ✔

• Free of gluten• Does not contain and is manufactured in a facility that does not manufacture, store or

otherwise handle any Fish, eggs/egg products, milk/milk products, nuts/nut derivatives,sesame seeds, shellfish, soybeans/soybean products, sulfites and wheat/wheat products.


PURITY FG PURITY FG PURITY FG PURITY FG PURITY FGFOOD FOOD SYNTHETIC EXTREME CLEARMACHINERY MACHINERY FOOD FOOD GREASEGREASE GREASE MACHINERY MACHINERYFG 00 GREASE GREASE

Thickener Type Aluminum Aluminum Calcium Aluminum AluminumComplex Complex Sulphonate Complex Complex

Complex/ Carbonate

Colour White White Cream Cream ClearWorked Penetration 280 407 270 271 293@ 25°CDropping Point, °C/°F 277 229 304(579) 293 277/530Base Oil Viscosity

cSt @ 40°C 182 182 45.8 469 185cSt @ 100°C 17 17 7.8 33.2 18SUS @ 100°F 958 958 213 2502 857SUS @ 210°F 88 88 52 162 89

Timken OK Load, kg/lb 16(35) 16(35) 27(60) 22.7 9(20)Weld Point, kg 315 400 400 315Operating Range,°C -20 to 160 -35 to 120 -40 to 200 -20 to 160 -20 to 160Operating Range,°F -4 to 320 -31 to 248 -40 to 392 -4 to 320 -4 to 320Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -20/-4 -30/-22 -35/-31 -20/-4 -20/-4

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GREASES

VULTREX OGL AND EGF GREASESThe VULTREX OGL family of grease-based gear lubricants are sophisticated,next-generation lubricants, designed for use on large, heavy-duty, open andenclosed gear drives, as well as bearings and exposed sliding surfaces. Thismachinery is most commonly found in open-pit mining operations, using largemining shovels, excavators and draglines. The VULTREX OGL line of greasesare designed with a darkening agent that allow mining operators to moreeasily identify gears that have adequate grease applied.

VULTREX* OGL Synthetic All Season is an aluminum complexenvironmentally-friendly, solvent-free, open gear lubricant specificallydesigned to provide “ONE LUBRICANT” for mining shovels, draglines,excavators, drills and haul trucks. Its wide operating temperature range allowsit to be used year-round at most mines. VULTREX OGL Synthetic All Seasonresists water wash-off from the shovel stick under all weather conditions, andhas a low temperature limit of -40°C/°F. It meets the P & H 520 MultiserviceMining Lubricant specification and is on the Certified Lubricants Listing for theBucyrus International SD 4713 specification.

VULTREX OGL Synthetic Arctic is a similar aluminum complexenvironmentally-friendly, solvent-free product, with a proven track record in thevery cold temperatures encountered during the winter season in sub-arcticregions.

VULTREX OGL Synthetic 2200 is a higher viscosity aluminum complexenvironmentally-friendly, solvent-free product, intended for summer use or foryear round use in warmer climates, with a lower temperature limit of -25°C. Itmeets the P & H 520 Multiservice Mining Lubricant specification and is on theCertified Lubricants Listing for the Bucyrus International SD 4713specification.

VULTREX OGL Heavy is a higher viscosity and thicker consistency aluminumcomplex product than the other VULTREX OGL lubricants. It is suited forhigher load carrying capacity at warmer ambient temperatures. It meets the P & H 520 Multiservice Mining Lubricant specification and is on the CertifiedLubricants Listing for the Bucyrus International SD 4713 specification.

VULTREX EGF 1000 (Enclosed Gear Fluid) - is a semi-fluid aluminumcomplex grease intended for use in heavily loaded enclosed gear-boxes foundon mining shovels, draglines and excavators. It is also recommended for usein the enclosed gear drives of underground mining locomotives, as a ball-millgear lubricant and on open gears in heavily loaded mills and tumblers.


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VULTREXOGL Synthetic OGL Synthetic OGL Synthetic OGL Heavy EGF 1000All Season Arctic 2200

Soap Type Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum AluminumComplex Complex Complex Complex Complex

Worked Penetration@ 25°C 395 393* 376 372 451Dropping Point °C/°F 246/475 195/383 238/460 213/415 205/401Apparent Viscosity**cSt @ 40°C 7248 3840 20,400 15,800 5880Brittle Point, °C/°F < -57/<-71 < -57/<-71 < -57/-71 -50/ -58 < -57/<-71Timken OK Load, kg/lb 25/55 23/50 25/55 27/60 23/50Weld Point, kg 620 400 800 800 400Operating Range, °C -40 to +40 -50 to +10 -25 to 50°C -15 to 150 -40 to 100****Operating Range, °F -40 to 104 -58 to 50 -13 to 122 °F 5 to 302 -40 to 212Minimum Dispensing,***Centralised System °C/°F -40/-40 -50/-58 -25/-13 -15/+5 -30/-22

* Plastic cone used

** Viscosity as applied – apparent viscosity is the ratio of shear stress to shear

rate of a non-Newtonian fluid – this information can be valuable in predictingthe ease of pumping and dispensing of greases.

*** Based on pumpablity test, but is dependent on the design and type of thedispensing systems, length and diameter of the lines, the mode of applicationand rate of pressurization.

**** Once the gear case is filled, the gearing system can operate attemperatures as low as -40°C/°F based on actual operation.

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GREASES

• VULTREX MPG GREASES

VULTREX MPG Greases are high dropping point, heavy duty greasescontaining an aluminum complex thickener and a high viscosity base oil. Theyare designed to deliver outstanding service life and equipment protection overspecific ranges of temperatures and environmental conditions. Unlike manyother greases, they possess the unique property of reverting to their originalconsistency after over heating and recooling. The adhesiveness of thesegreases assures that they will stay in place.

VULTREX MPG Greases excel when used in bearings subjected to highpressures or heavy shock loading, where application is frequent and regular,such as in steel mills.

VULTREX MPG Synthetic Arctic is recommended for centralized greasingsystems on heavy duty off highway and mining equipment, operating inextreme low temperature conditions. It has excellent EP, antiwear and waterresistance properties. Meets the P & H 472 Multi-purpose grease specificationand is on the Certified Lubricants Listing for the Bucyrus International SD4711 specification.

VULTREX MPG EP 1 is recommended for heavy-duty gear and bearingapplications served by centralized greasing systems or requiring greatergrease mobility than VULTREX MPG EP 2. Meets the P & H 472 Multi-purpose grease specification and is on the Certified Lubricants Listing for theBucyrus International SD 4711 specification.

VULTREX MPG EP 2 is recommended for heavy-duty gear and bearingapplications operating at low speed and high temperatures. Meets the P & H472 Multi-purpose grease specification and is on the Certified LubricantsListing for the Bucyrus International SD 4711 specification.

VULTREX G-123 and G-124 are red tacky greases designed for visibility andto lubricate heavy-duty truck components such as wheel bearings, bushings,kingpins and chassis points found on vehicles operated by the mining, forestryand transportation industries.


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VULTREX VULTREX VULTREX VULTREX VULTREXMPG MPG EP1 MPG EP2 G-123 G-124SYNTHETICARCTIC

Soap Type Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum AluminumComplex Complex Complex Complex Complex

Colour Brown Green-Brown Green-Brown Red RedWorked Penetration@ 25°C 368 328 272 323 279Dropping Point, °C/°F 239/462 275/527 288/550 271/520 277/531Base Oil Viscosity

cSt @ 40°C 137.5 403 403 220 220cSt @ 100°C 19.4 25.1 25.1 17.9 17.9SUS @ 100°F 705 1865 1865 1019 1019SUS @ 210°F 97.3 121 121 90 90

Timken OK Load, kg/lb 23/50 20/45 20/45 23/50 23/50Weld Point, kg 400 250 250 315 315Operating Range, °C -45 to 120 -25 to 160 -20 to 160 -25 to 160 -20 to 160

°F -49 to 248 -13 to 320 -4 to 320 -13 to 320 -4 to 320Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -45/-49 -20/-4 -15/5 -20/-4 -15/5

VULTREX SPECIALTY GREASES

VULTREX ROLLING CAM AND VULTREX ROLLING CAM LIGHT aredesigned for use on Bucyrus International Inc., draglines incorporating theRolling (Monighan) Cam mechanism. They conform to Bucyrus InternationalInc.,specification X-2640, Scope B.

VULTREX SLIDE CAM AND VULTREX SLIDE CAM LIGHT are designed tolubricate the Cam and Slide Walking Mechanisms found on BucyrusInternational Inc., draglines. They conform to Bucyrus International Inc.,specification X-2636, Scope A and B and have an NLGI #00 consistency.

VULTREX GEAR SHIELD NC and VULTREX GEAR SHIELD P are semi-fluidlubricants designed for the open gear systems found in many types of ore-crushing mills, including ball, rod and sag mills, as well as kilns and dryers.They meet the requirements of most major mill and gear manufacturers,including UBE, Koppers, Falk, Dominion, Boliden-Allis, Metso (Svedala) andFuller.

VULTREX GEAR DRESSING EP is a high quality water and heat resistantlubricant with very tenacious film characteristics. Having this feature providesincreased protection against abnormally heavy loads and pressures. It isspecially formulated for the lubrication of industrial open gears and chainswhen applied by a caulking gun.

GREASES


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GREASES

VULTREX ROCK DRILL EP000 is a lithium semi-fluid grease speciallyformulated for mistfree operation when used in air-operated rock drills andsimilar mining equipment. It meets the requirements of rock drillmanufacturers, such as Ingersoll-Rand, Worthington, Joy and PartsHeadquarters. VULTREX ROCK DRILL EP 000 can be applied easily at lowtemperatures in the 0°C to 5°C/32°F to 41°F range and field testing hasconfirmed it will still flow down to -20°C/-4°F.

VULTREX DRILL ROD HEAVY is a barium complex grease recommended foruse on diamond drill rods where it reduces friction between the rod and rockstrata. This tenaceous, long fibre barium grease, has lubricated successfullyto more than 2000 foot drill depths without wash off, or wipe off.

VULTREX API MODIFIED THREAD COMPOUND is an aluminum complexgrease which contains 64% solids (graphite, lead, zinc and copper) andconforms to API Bulletin 5A2 on “Thread Compounds for Casing, Tubing andLine Pipe”. It is designed to protect threads from galling and to provide apositive seal against drilling fluids.

VULTREX TOOL JOINT COMPOUND is an aluminum complex grease whichcontains 51% of finely powdered zinc and conforms to API Specification 7,Appendix F “Recommended Thread Compounds for Rotary ShoulderedConnections.” It is applied to pipe connections to prevent galling and provide apositive seal against drilling mud pressure.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:VULTREX

ROLLING CAM ROLLING CAM SLIDE CAM SLIDE CAMLIGHT LIGHT

Thickener Type Clay Clay Clay ClayColour Black Black Grey-Black Grey-BlackWorked 338 356 406 412Penetration @ 25°C Dropping Point, °C/°F >304/>579 >304/>579 >304/>579 >304/>579Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 588 75 576 185cSt @ 100°C 31.1 10 31.8 17.3SUS @ 100°F 2800 346 2700 855SUS @ 210°F 147 58 151 87Timken OK Load, kg/lb 23/50 23/50 23/50 25/55Weld Point, kg 800 800 800 620Operating Range, °C -20 to >100 -35 to >100 -25 to >100 -35 to >100Operating Range, °F -4 to >212 -31 to >212 -13 to >212 -31 to >212Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -15/+5 -30/-22 -20/-4 -30/-22


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VULTREXGEAR SHIELD GEAR SHIELD GEARNC P DRESSING EP

Thickener - - ClayColour Black Black BlackWorked Penetration @ 25°C 395 447 305Dropping Point, °C/°F 26/78 24/75 >300/>572Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C (with diluent) 4930 6340 -cSt @ 100°C (without diluent) 1620 1300 -SUS @ 100°F (with diluent) 26,000 34,000 -SUS @ 212°F (without diluent) 7650 6200 -Timken OK Load, kg/lb 18/40 20/45 20/45Weld Point, kg 400 400 315

VULTREXROCK DRILL EP000 DRILL ROD HEAVY

Thickener Type Lithium Barium ComplexColour Dark Amber Green/BrownWorked Penetration @ 25°C 458 234Dropping Point, °C °F 158/316 201/394Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 129 156cSt @ 100°C 13.1 14SUS @ 100°F 600 701SUS @ 210°F 71 76Timken OK Load, kg/lb 18/40 -Weld Point, kg 200 -Operating Range, °C -30 to 100 -Operating Range, °F -22 to 212 -Minimum DispensingTemperature, °C/°F -30/-22 -

VULTREXAPI MODIFIED THREAD TOOL JOINTCOMPOUND COMPOUND

Soap Type Aluminum Complex Aluminum ComplexWorked Penetration @ 25°C 325 280Dropping Point, °C/°F 138/280 196/385Base Oil ViscositycSt @ 40°C 101 101cSt @ 100°C 11.2 11.2SUV @ 100°F 468 468SUV @ 210°F 64 64

GREASES


FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS


Petro-Canada PURITY FG fluids and lubricants are advanced productsformulated to meet the tough demands of food and beverage processingoperations while maintaining food grade purity.

Blended from 99.9% pure, crystal clear base oils produced from a patentedHT Purity process, PURITY FG products are fortified with specially selectedadditives to protect against wear, shock loading, and corrosion. They arehighly resistant to the harsh conditions found in most food and beverageprocessing operations, including high pressure water sprays and watercontamination, exposure to fats, acids, cleaning and sanitizing solutions.

PURITY FG Synthetic products are blended with PAO synthetic base stocks toprovide the same outstanding lubrication performance over an even widerrange of operating temperatures.

All PURITY FG products meet the highest food industry purity standards andfit perfectly in HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) and GMP(Good Manufacturing Practice) plans.

PURITY* FG CHAIN FLUIDS

PURITY* FG Chain Fluids are formulated to lubricate all types of drive andconveyor chains as well as bearings found on food processing machinery.They may be applied by brush or drip feed as well as by centralized lubricationsystems. They can be applied at temperatures up to 200°C (392°F); however,equipment should be re-oiled more frequently at temperatures above 150°C(302°F).

These advanced food grade fluids include special tackifiers to ensure strongadherence to metal surfaces and resistance to dripping; throw-off; and waterspray loss.


Please see Food Industry Approvals/Credentials on page 168.

Typical Characteristics are shown below:Purity FG Chain Fluid

Light HeavyViscosity cSt @ 40°C 151 370

cSt @ 100°C 20 44SUS @ 100°F 777 1908SUS @ 210°F 100 212

Viscosity Index 150 175Flash Point, °C/°F 230/446 240/464Pour Point, °C/°F -12/10 -12/104 Ball Wear Scar Diam., mm 0.41 0.39

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PURITY* FG COMPRESSOR FLUIDS

PURITY* FG Compressor Fluids are formulated to deliver superiorperformance and increased service life. Typical applications include thelubrication of air compressors and vacuum pumps used for producing,manufacturing, packaging, preparing food and food packaging.

PURITY FG Compressor Fluids resist thermal and oxidative breakdownextending fluid life and minimizing varnish build up on compressor parts.PURITY FG Compressor Fluids are recommended for use in rotary screwcompressors for up to 4,000 hours at a maximum air discharge temperature of 85°C.



Typical Characteristics are shown below:Purity FG

32 46 68 100Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 32.1 46.7 68.3 101

cSt @ 100°C 5.6 7.1 9.0 11.4SUS @ 100°F 165 240 353 527SUS @ 210°F 45 50 57 65

Viscosity Index 110 108 104 98Flash Point, °C/°F 211/412 230/446 245/473 254/489Pour Point, °C/°F -15/5 -12/10 -12/10 -12/10Oxidation stability RBOT, minutes 1000+ 1000+ 1000+ 1000+FZG Stage Pass 8 8 8 8



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PURITY FG FOOD MACHINERY GREASE

PURITY FG Greases are advanced food grade lubricants specially formulatedto deliver superior performance and food grade purity under the highlydemanding conditions of food processing operations. They can be used in awide range of food processing applications including sleeve and anti-frictionbearings, slides, guides and couplings found on food processing machinery.PURITY FG Greases exhibit good low temperature pumpability and excellentresistance to water wash-out and spray loss. In addition, they have superioranti-wear and EP properties, protect against rust and corrosion and are whitein colour.



Typical Characteristics are shown below: PURITY FG Food Machinery Grease

FG FG 00Soap Type Aluminum Aluminum

Complex ComplexNGLI Grade 2 00Colour Cream White Cream WhiteWorked Penetration @ 25°C 280 407Dropping Point, °C/°F 277/531 229/444Base Oil Viscosity

cSt @ 40°C 182 182cSt @ 100°C 17.0 17.0SUS @ 100°F 958 958SUS @ 210°F 88 88

Timken OK Load, kg/lb 16/35 16/35Weld Point, kg 315 400Operating Temperature Range

min -20°C (-4°F) -35°C (-31°F)max 160°C (320°F) 120°C (248°F)



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PURITY FG SYNTHETIC FOOD MACHINERY GREASE

PURITY FG Synthetic Grease is specially formulated to provide outstandinglubrication in food processing applications running under heavier loads or subject to high and low temperature extremes. It is recommended as a multi-purpose lubricant across all food processing applications including mixing,cooking, stirring, baking, frying, packaging, canning and bottling.



Typical Characteristics are shown below: PURITY FG Synthetic

Food Machinery GreaseNGLI Grade 2Soap Type Calcium Sulfonate/

Carbonate ComplexColour CreamWorked Penetration @ 25°C 270Dropping Point, °C/°F 304/579.2Base Oil Viscosity

cSt @ 40°C 45.8cSt @ 100°C 7.8SUS @ 100°F 213SUS @ 210°F 52

Timken OK Load, kg/lb 27/60Weld Point, kg 400Operating Temperature Range -40°C (-40°F) to 200°C (392°F)



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PURITY* FG EXTREME FOOD MACHINERY GREASEPURITY * FG EXTREME Food Machinery Grease is a high viscosity, semisynthetic, heavy duty food grade grease specifically formulated for low tomedium speed, heavy loaded industrial bearings operating under severeconditions. PURITY FG Extreme exhibits excellent protection in applicationssubjected to high temperature, high pressure, and heavy loads while operatingcontinuously, such as animal feed mills.



Typical Characteristics are shown below:PURITY* FG EXTREME

Food Machinery GreaseSoap Type Aluminum ComplexNGLI Grade 2Colour Cream WhiteWorked Penetration @ 25°C 271Dropping Point, °C/°F 293/559Base Oil Viscosity

cSt @ 40°C 469cSt @ 100°C 33.2SUS @ 100°F 2502SUS @ 210°F 162

Timken OK Load, kg/lb 22.7/50Weld Point, kg 315Normal Operating Temperature Range -20°C to 160°C / -4°F to 320°F

PURITY* FG CLEAR FOOD MACHINERY GREASEPURITY* FG CLEAR Food Machinery Grease is an advanced colourlesslubricant specially formulated to deliver superior performance and food gradepurity under the highly demanding conditions of food processing operationswhen compared to other CLEAR food grade greases. PURITY FG CLEARgrease was designed for use in anti-friction bearings, slides, guides andcouplings throughout food processing plants. It is specifically formulated forbeverage production machinery such as canning and bottling equipment.



Typical Characteristics are shown below:PURITY* FG CLEAR

Food Machinery GreaseSoap Type Aluminum ComplexNGLI Grade 2Colour ClearWorked Penetration @ 25°C 293Dropping Point, °C/°F 277/531Base Oil Viscosity

cSt @ 40°C 185cSt @ 100°C 18SUS @ 100°F 971SUS @ 210°F 92

Timken OK Load, kg/lb 9/20Weld Point, kg 200Normal Operating Temperature Range -20°C to 160°C / -4°F to 320°F


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PURITY* FG EP GEAR FLUIDS

PURITY* FG EP Gear Fluids are advanced food grade lubricants formulatedto deliver superior, longer lasting protection of enclosed gear drives (worm,helical, bevel and spur) used in food processing machinery. They can also beused in bearings and chain drives.



Typical Characteristics are shown below:Purity FG EP Gear Fluid

100 150 220 320 460Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 103.2 144.1 205.8 327.3 479.1

cSt @ 100°C 11.6 14.2 17.6 23.2 29.3SUS @ 100°F 538 757 1089 1750 2582SUS @ 210°F 66 76 91 116 144

Viscosity Index 100 95 92 89 88Flash Point, °C/°F 269/516 247/477 233/451 223/433 199/390Pour Point, °C/°F -15/5 -18/0 -18/0 -21/-6 -27/-17AGMA No. 3 4 5 6 7

PURITY* FG SYNTHETIC EP GEAR FLUID

PURITY FG Synthetic EP Gear Fluid is specially formulated to provide outstanding lubrication in food processing applications running under heavierloads or subject to high or low temperature extremes. Typical applicationsinclude enclosed gear drives (worm, helical, bevel and spur), plain and anti-friction bearings, and chain drives used in food processing machinery.PURITY FG Synthetic EP Gear Fluid is fortified with specially selectedadditives to provide outstanding resistance to oxidation and protection fromwear and shock loading.



PURITY FG Synthetic EP Gear Fluid220

Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 213cSt @ 100°C 26.4SUS @ 100°F 1098SUS @ 210°F 130

Viscosity Index 158Flash Point, °C/°F 273/523Pour Point, °C/°F -40/-40AGMA No. 5


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PURITY* FG HEAT TRANSFER FLUID

PURITY FG Heat Transfer Fluid is a food grade heat transfer fluid formulatedfor use in non pressurized, liquid phase, closed heat transfer systemsoperating with bulk temperatures up to 326°C (620°F). This thermally stablefluid is fortified with specially selected additives to provide outstandingprotection from oxidative breakdown.

Typical applications include central cooking facilities, drying, edible oildeodorizing and heating of deep frying oils. PURITY FG Heat Transfer Fluid isalso used in the manufacture of plastic bottles, films and containers for thepackaging of food products.




PURITY FG Heat Transfer FluidViscosity cSt @ 40C 37.1

cSt @ 100°C 5.9SUS @ 100°F 191.4SUS @ 210°F 45.6

Viscosity Index 98Flash Point, COC, °C/°F 237/459Pour Point, °C/°F -18/0Autoignition Temp °C / °F 354/669Max Bulk Temp, °C / °F 326/620

For details on the complete line of Heat Transfer Fluids, see CALFLO on page. 101.



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PURITY* FG AW HYDRAULIC FLUIDS

PURITY* FG AW Hydraulic Fluids are advanced food grade lubricantsspecially formulated to deliver superior, long lasting protection in hydraulicsystems used in food processing and pharmaceutical operations. Theyprovide excellent performance in high pressure systems including applicationsoperating at more than 1000 PSI (7000 kPa). They may also be used tolubricate anti-friction bearings, in general circulating systems, and in inlineoilers in pneumatic systems commonly found in food packaging applications.



Typical Characteristics are shown below:Purity FG AW Hydraulic Fluid

32 46 68 100Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 29.8 45.4 63.3 101.5

cSt @ 100°C 5 6 8.4 11SUS @ 100°F 154 234 328 529SUS @ 210°F 44 49 54 66

Viscosity Index 101 102 102 99Flash Point, °C/°F 225/437 245/473 253/487 267/513Pour Point, °C/°F -18/0 -18/0 -18/0 -15/+5Four-Ball Wear (mm)(40kg, 1200 rpm, 1 hr., 75°C) 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.44FZG Stage Pass 12 12 12 12


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PURITY FG MF LUBRICANT

PURITY* FG MF is an advanced multipurpose food grade lubricant packagedin a convenient 290 gram / 400 mL aerosol can. Typical applications includechains, rails and guides, slides, pivots, cables and linkages, gears, hinges andsmall bearings used in food processing operations. It is also an excellentrelease agent for gaskets and seals.

PURITY* FG MF contains special tackifiers to reduce drips and ‘fling off’ frommoving parts.



Typical characteristics are shown below:PURITY FG MF

Fluid (without propellent)Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 151

cSt @ 100°C 19.8SUS @ 100°F 777SUS @ 210°F 100

Viscosity Index 150Pour Point, °C/°F -12/10


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PURITY FG TROLLEY FLUID

PURITY FG Trolley Fluid is formulated to lubricate hook and trolley systemsin meat processing operations. It can also be used as a low viscositylubricating fluid for chains and conveyors, and as a rust protective oil. PURITYFG Trolley Fluid is fortified with specially selected additives to provideoutstanding resistance to wear and corrosion, and to protect against oil drips.



Typical Characteristics are shown below:PURITY FG Trolley Fluid

46Viscosity cSt @ 40°C 43.7

cSt @ 100°C 7.31SUS @ 100°F 223.6SUS @ 210°F 50.4

Viscosity Index 131Flash Point, °C/°F 215/419Pour Point, °C/°F -15/5Four-Ball Wear scar diameter, mm 0.5


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PURITY FG WO – WHITE MINERAL OILS

PURITY FG WO white mineral oils are ultra pure, food grade white mineral oilsspecially formulated for food processing, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. Blended with a stabilizer for extended shelf life, PURITY FG WOwhite mineral oils are ideally suited for applications that require a straight, non-toxic white mineral oil. These applications include direct and indirect foodcontact in the production, packaging, and processing of food. PURITY FG WOoils may also be used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical processing aids wherewhite mineral oils are required.



Typical Characteristics are shown below:PURITY FG WO Fluids

15 35 90Viscosity,cSt @ 40°C 15.0 34.2 102.8

cSt @ 100C 3.4 5.8 11.8SUS @ 100°F 82 176 535SUS @ 210°F 38 46 67

Viscosity Index 98 111 104Density, kg/l @ 15°C 0.846 0.855 0.870Flash Point, °C/°F 175/347 220/428 266/510.8Pour Point, °C/°F -18/0 -18/0 -15/5Colour, Saybolt 30 30 30


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PROCESS FLUIDS

PROCESS FLUIDS

INTRODUCTION

Petro-Canada’s line of Process Fluids are select blends of high quality basefluids, designed for use by industry in a wide range of finished products.

Petro-Canada’s line of Process Fluids includes:

� Paraflex HT Fluids � Puredrill Drilling Mud Base Fluids� Cycloflex Oils � Dust Suppressant Fluid� VHVI Specialty Base Fluids

PARAFLEX HT FLUID

Paraflex HT Fluids are carefully controlled blends of the advanced base oilsproduced from Petro-Canada’s HT Purity Process, which removes undesirablepolar and aromatic compounds from the product. Composed of saturatedhydrocarbons, Paraflex HT Fluids are crystal clear and have low toxicity.

Paraflex HT Fluids are recommended for use as raw materials in the manufac-ture of a wide range of chemical, elastomer, lubricant and specialty products.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Paraflex HT

3 4 5 9 10 15Density, kg/l @ 15°C 0.845 0.835 0.850 0.836 0.860 0.860Colour, ASTM <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5ViscositycSt @ 40°C 3.4 3.4 5.2 9.8 10.2 15.5cSt @ 100°C 1.3 1.3 1.7 2.6 2.6 3.5SUV @ 100°F 38 39 44 61 62 84SUV @ 210°F <32 <32 <32 35 35 38Viscosity Index – – – 98 78 101Pour Point, °C/°F -33/-27 -57/-71 -12/+10 -32/-26 -30/-22 -24/-11Aromatics, %Wt 2.2 0.2 1.5 0.1 0.5 0.5

Paraflex HT22 32 46 68 100

Density, kg/l @ 15°C 0.863 0.864 0.865 0.867 0.870Colour, ASTM <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5ViscositycSt @ 40°C 21.8 34.2 46.6 69.2 103cSt @ 100°C 4.3 5.5 7.0 9.1 12.0SUV @ 100°F 114 178 240 358 564SUV @ 210°F 41 45 50 56 68Viscosity Index 97 97 106 106 101Pour Point, °C/°F -15/+5 -18/0 -18/0 -15/+5 -12/+10Aromatics, % Wt 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5


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CYCLOFLEX OIL

Cycloflex Oils are dark coloured, heavier viscosity oils. Their chemical compo-sition is similar to solvent-refined oils, with aromatic contents ranging from 1.5to 40%.

Typical Characteristics are shown below: Cycloflex

150 220 320 1000Density, kg/l @ 15°C 0.881 0.889 0.895 0.914Colour, ASTM 6.0 7.0 8.0 >8.0ViscositycSt @ 40°C 150 220 320 1034cSt @ 100°C 14.4 18.3 22.5 43.9SUV @ 100°F 783 1166 1712 5689SUV @ 210°F 77 93 112 212Viscosity Index 94 91 87 78Pour Point, °C/°F -6/+21 -6/+21 -6/+21 +3/+37Aromatics, % Wt 1.4 3.5 7.1 38

PUREDRILL* DRILLING MUD BASE FLUIDSPetro-Canada PureDrill onshore and offshore drilling mud base fluids arespecifically designed to provide significant improvements in drilling efficiencyand reduced bit wear. PureDrill minimizes the environmental impact on natural habitats and to improve rig worker health and safety.

PureDrill* IA-35 is an ultra-pure synthetic isoalkane fluid developed for off-shore drilling operations, ideally suited for use where regulations requireenvironmentally friendly products. PureDrill* IA-35 is also readilybiodegradable.

PureDrill* IA-35LV is an ultra-pure low-viscosity synthetic isoalkane fluidspecifically developed for off-shore, ultra-deep, cold-water drilling operations.PureDrill* IA-35LV is also readily biodegradable.

PureDrill* HT-30 is an low viscosity, enhanced mineral oil, specially formulatedfor onshore drilling and offshore zero discharge drilling.

PureDrill* HT-40 is specifically developed for onshore drilling and is also suitable for offshore zero-discharge drilling. It is a severely hydrocracked low-toxicity mineral oil representing a much safer, odourless replacement fordiesel fuel.

Typical properties for these fluids are given below: PureDrill PureDrill PureDrill PureDrill

IA-35 IA-35LV HT-30 HT-40Density, kg/l @ 15°C 0.83 0.82 0.82 0.84Colour, ASTM <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Appearance Water White Water White Water White Water WhiteKinematic Viscosity, cSt @ 40°C 3.5 2.6 2.6 3.5

SUV @ 100°F 37.6 34.6 34.6 37.6Flash Point, ASTM D93, °C/°F 134/273 94/201 94/201 104/219Pour Point, °C/°F <-57/-71 <-57/-71 -36/-33 Smr-18/-0.4

Wtr-33/-27Aniline Point, °C/°F 90/194 83/181 83/181 78/172Polynuclear Aromatics, ppm <10 <10 <10 <10

PROCESS FLUIDS


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PROCESS FLUIDS

DUST SUPPRESSANT FLUID DSF 65

Petro-Canada Dust Suppressant Fluid DSF 65 is a safe, non-toxic fluiddesigned to reduce the generation of airborne particulate matter on roads,fields, and industrial equipment. DSF 65 is odourless and colourless, non-toxicto humans, animals, aquatic life and plants. DSF 65 is especiallyrecommended for use in environmentally sensitive areas. Although applicationrates will vary with the circumstances, applications and environmentalconditions, typical rates range from 0.5 to 2 litres/m2.

The typical characteristics are as follows:

Dust Suppressant Fluid DSF 65Density @ 15°C, kg/l 0.83Kinematic Viscosity, cSt @ 40°C 9.5

cSt @ 100°C 2.6SUS @ 100°F 59SUS @ 210°F 35

Flash Point, °C/°F 177/351Pour Point, °C/°F -36/-33Polynuclear Aromatics, ppm Undetectable


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VHVI SPECIALTY BASE FLUIDS

Petro-Canada Specialty Base Fluids are a series of severely hydrocracked,very high VI mineral base fluids of exceptionally high purity.

Typical characteristics for these fluids are as follows:

VHVI 2 VHVI 4 VHVI 6 VHVI 8Density, kg/l @ 15°C 0.830 0.841 0.845 0.850Colour, ASTM <0.5 <0.5 <1.0 <1.5Kinematic Viscosity, cSt @ 40°C 9.3 20.8 34.1 54.2

cSt @ 100°C 2.5 4.5 6.0 8.0SUV @ 100°F 56 101 160 252

Viscosity Index 100 130 127 124Flash Point, COC, °C/°F 177/351 215/419 230/446 248/478Pour Point, °C/°F -42/-44 -24/-11 -15/+5 -12/+10Aromatics, Wt % 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.20

PROCESS FLUIDS


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FUELS & REFINERY PRODUCTS


In addition to our world scale Lubricants base oil manufacturing and blendingplant in Mississauga, Ontario, Petro-Canada operates two modern refineriesin:

� Montreal, Quebec� and Edmonton, Alberta.

Both refineries produce gasolines and diesel fuels, as Petro-Canada refineries produce certain specialty products such as aviation fuels, solvents,petrochemical feedstocks and asphalts.

GASOLINES

Petro-Canada’s branded gasolines come in 4 octane grades:

87 octane regular: RegularClean89 octane mid-grade: PlusClean91 octane premium: SuperClean94 octane super premium: SuperClean 94 (available in Montreal, Vancouver

Area and Victoria)

While 87 octane RegularClean is satisfactory for 75% of all vehicles, about25% of Canadian vehicles require a higher octane fuel for proper performancefor routine operation or during heavy load applications (towing, etc.). Mostservice stations offer 3 grades of gasoline to meet virtually all customerneeds. Stations in Montreal, the Vancouver area and Victoria also carrySuperClean 94, a 94 octane super premium gasoline. The primary purpose ofthe octane quality of gasolines is to prevent pre-ignition of fuels, allowingproper combustion of the fuel and preventing knocking or pinging, which maylead to poor performance and engine damage.

TACTROL™ DEPOSIT CONTROL ADDITIVE(GASOLINE DETERGENT)

TACTROL™ is Petro-Canada’s own unique and exclusive Deposit ControlAdditive formulation that acts as a detergent to prevent the build up of harm-ful deposits and clean-up deposits in fuel injectors and intake valves. Mostvehicle manufacturers recommend using a gasoline with a detergent, andPetro-Canada’s branded gasolines meet and exceed this requirement.

All of Petro-Canada branded gasolines contain increasing levels of Tactrol™,from a basic level in RegularClean and PlusClean to higher levels in Super-Clean and SuperClean 94. SuperClean and SuperClean 94. Basic Tactrol™levels in RegularClean and PlusClean will keep a fuel system clean, whilehigher levels in SuperClean and SuperClean 94 will remove deposits from fuelinjectors and intake valves.


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WinterGas

During winter months (in most of Canada), Petro-Canada offers WinterGasfor superior cold weather protection and performance. WinterGas is speciallyformulated for winter conditions, to allow easier starting in very cold weather.It contains a de-icer to minimize the possibility of fuel line freeze-up due tocondensation in vehicle fuel tanks, and, of course, it contains TACTROL™, tokeep fuel systems clean.

Marine Gasoline

Petro-Canada’s Marine Gasoline on the West Coast of Canada is an 89octane product which should meet the needs of most marine applications. It isgenerally dyed red.

DIESEL FUELS

All of Petro-Canada’s regular diesel fuels are seasonally adjusted – to meetlow temperature operability requirements for different geographic areas. Thefuel is designed for 97.5% of low winter temperatures that may be encoun-tered, based on 25 years of historic temperature data. Seasonal adjustmentoccurs as frequently as bi-monthly, through periods of seasonal transition.

All diesel fuel sold for ‘on-road’ use is low sulphur diesel fuel – with a maxi-mum of 1515 parts per million (ppm) sulphur, to minimize diesel engine emis-sions and comply with federal environmental regulations. Most of the ‘off-road’diesel fuel that Petro-Canada sells is also low sulphur, but is not guaranteed tobe 15 ppm maximum sulphur content.

All Petro-Canada diesel fuels have suitable lubricity for both new and olderdiesel engines. “Lubricity” is the ability of a diesel fuel to lubricate fuel-wettedparts of fuel pumps and fuel injectors to minimize wear. All low sulphur dieselfuel is treated with lubricity additive to ensure that it has adequate lubricity toprotect equipment from undue wear.

Petro-Pass is Petro-Canada’s chain of truck stops, offering fuel, supplies andfacilities for truckers across Canada. SuperPass is Petro-Canada’s commer-cial credit card, fuel and information management system, and may be usedacross Canada and at many locations in the United States. More informationis available at Petro Canada’s internet web site:

www.petro-canada.ca

Petro-Canada also offers specialty diesel fuels at selected locations acrossCanada, such as No. 1 Low Sulphur Diesel for urban buses, undergroundmines and low temperature applications, and Diesel 50 for very cold applica-tions (down to -40°C) in northern and arctic locations.



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FURNACE FUEL / FUEL OIL

Petro-Canada offers furnace fuel oil for both residential and commercialheating. Similar to diesel fuel, furnace fuels are formulated to be suitable fordifferent geographic regions, to meet local needs. Stove Oil is available insome locations, for use in stoves and small heaters, especially in mobilehomes.

AVIATION FUELS

Jet A-1 and F-34 are turbine fuels produced at Petro-Canada EdmontonRefinery. Jet A-1 is used in most commercial jets and is shipped by pipeline ortruck to major local airports. Jet A-1 is a kerosene-type fuel. F-34 is Jet A-1with De-icer (fuel system icing inhibitor) and CI (corrosion inhibitor) and is theversion of Jet A used by the Military. Jet A-1 and F-34 are available at theEdmonton Truck Rack.

Jet B, Jet B-DI and Jet F-40 are turbine fuels produced at Edmonton Refinery. Jet B is a ‘gasoline-like’ fuel, composed mostly of naphtha (wide-cutfuel) and is used by helicopters and aircraft in the north (because of it’s easeof engine starting, especially in cold weather). Jet B-DI, is Jet B with De-icer(fuel system icing inhibitor) and F-40 is Jet B with De-icer (fuel system icinginhibitor) and CI (corrosion inhibitor). Jet B, Jet B-DI and Jet F-40 are availableat the Edmonton Truck Rack.

Aviation Gasoline 100LL is also produced at Edmonton Refinery. Thisproduct is a high octane, leaded fuel designed for high compression ratiopiston aero engines. Many multiple-engine planes require this fuel. Becausethis is a leaded fuel it is restricted to aviation use. AvGas 100LL is available atthe Edmonton Truck Rack.

Special Training is required for the loading of aviation fuels and is available atthe Edmonton Terminal.

ALTERNATIVE FUELS

Propane (automotive, HD-5 quality) is sold at many Petro-Canada service stations.

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) / Natural Gas for Vehicles (NGV) is soldat selected service stations in the Vancouver area. Petro-Canada is a majorCanadian producer of natural gas, and sells significant volumes of naturalgas into the bulk wholesale market.

Ethanol Blended gasoline (E-10) with up to 10% ethyl alcohol has varyingavailably across the country. It is sold at selected bulk plant sites in south-western Ontario. In the Montreal Area, SuperClean 94 contains ethyl alcoholand starting in the Spring of 2007, Regular gasoline in this area may alsocontain ethanol. Saskatchewan and Ontario (starting in the Spring of 2007)have mandated the use of ethanol in gasoline and regular gasoline in theseareas may contain ethanol. Pumps will be clearly labeled if the gasolinecontains ethyl alcohol.


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SPECIALTY PRODUCTS

Most of the specialty products that Petro-Canada produces are sold in commercial quantities by pipeline shipment, rail car or truck loads. Petro-Canada does not offer many of these specialty products such as kerosene or Petrosol 3139 in retail package sizes, but sells to other companies thatpackage and distribute these products.

Kerosene 1-K is produced in Edmonton and Montreal. The 1-K grade is avery low sulphur, low odour product designed for use in kerosene heaters andlamps.

Montreal Refinery produces a Petrosol 3355 solvent for specialty applications.

Petrochemicals: Montreal Refinery produces benzene, toluene, xylene, andnonenes for the petrochemical industry.

Other specialty products may be produced at some refineries, and these products are usually of limited or special commercial interest:

Sulphur, a basic industrial chemical, is produced at natural gas plants inWestern Canada.

Coke, black carbon looking like lava rock, is used to make carbon electrodesfor smelting bauxite to make aluminum.

Carbon black feedstock is a heavy, black aromatic oil used to make carbonblack (finely powered carbon) for use in tire manufacture.

Petro-Canada is a major producer and marketer of asphalt to the transporta-tion and road building industry, to the manufacturers of asphalt shingles androofing products, and to the construction of built-up roofing (BUR).

Asphalt is produced at our Montreal refinery in Eastern Canada. Asphalt issold in tanker truckload quantities. Water access also provides the ability toload vessels at this facility.

Petro-Canada manufactures 55 performance grades (PG-grades) of AsphaltCement to satisfy the requirements of the Ministry of Transportation ofOntario, the Quebec Ministry of Transportation, the Maritimes, Newfoundland,as well as New York State, Vermont, and New Hampshire DOTs, for the con-struction of asphalt pavements, parking lots and driveways.

Petro-Canada also manufactures 2 penetration and viscosity grades ofAsphalt Cement to satisfy the requirements of the paving contractors for themanufacture of asphalt emulsions or other industrial applications, such as theproduction of asphalt shingles, and bulk or packaged BUR’s.

Petro-Canada has ISO 9000 registration for the supply of asphalt.



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ISO FUEL CLASSIFICATION

A simpified description is appended overleaf.

For further information on Petro-Canada Fuels or Specialty Products pleasecontact your local Petro-Canada representative.

This section gives a simplified description of ISO 8216, Classification ofPetroleum Fuels.

Under the international ISO standards, all petroleum fuels are designated bythe letter “F”. The ‘code’ to describe fuels consists of the initials “ISO” followedby “F” and the specific category of fuel consisting of 3 letters. The first of the 3letters is the general category described in the following paragraph.

Within the class of petroleum, there are 5 categories defined according to thetype of fuel listed in decreasing order of volatility:

G: Gaseous fuels, generally natural gas.L: Liquefied petroleum gases, generally propane, butane and

mixtures of the two.D: Distillate fuels (meaning that they have been distilled from crude

oil), Sub-groups:D(L): gasoline – light, highly volatile fuels with low flash points

(hence, highly flammable); flash point below ambienttemperature.

D(M): middle distillate fuels, including normal diesel fuels, furn-ace fuels, kerosene and stove oil; flash point above 38°C

D(H): heavy distillate, such as heavy gas oil, may contain someresidue; flash point usually above 60°C.

R: Residual fuels – heavy fuels such as ‘bunker’ which contain theheaviest components of crude oil.

C: Petroleum coke.

Thus a gasoline would have the following designation: ISO-F-D(L)-yy, where“yy” would be a specific type of gasoline.

MARINE DIESEL FUELS(ISO 8217) have the designation: ISO-F-DMx-yy, or ISO-F-RMx-yy, where DMstands for Diesel Marine, and RM stands for Residual Marine.

DMX: marine diesel fuel, for emergency purposes.DMA: marine diesel fuel, general purpose, contains no residuum.DMB: marine diesel fuel, general purpose, may contain trace. DMC: marine diesel fuel, general purpose, contains trace residuum.

RMA: RMB, RMD, RME, RMF, RMG, RMH, RMK: various residualmarine diesel fuels.

The number following these codes represents the maximum kinematic viscos-ity at 50°C. For example: ISO-F-RMA 30 and ISO-F-RMB 30 are two residualmarine fuels with maximum 30 cst viscosity at 50°C, but differ in other charac-teristics such as maximum density and maximum pour point.


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GLOSSARY OF TERMS

9

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

ACID NUMBER – (see NEUT NUMBER)

AGMA – American Gear Manufacturers Association, one of whose activities isthe establishment and promotion of standards for gear lubricants.

ANTI-FOAM AGENT – (see FOAM INHIBITOR)

ANTI-WEAR AGENT – An additive that minimizes wear caused by metal-to-metal contact during conditions of mild boundary lubrication (e.g. stops andstarts, oscillating motion). The additive reacts chemically with, and forms a filmon, metal surfaces under normal operating conditions.

ANTI-OXIDANT – (see OXIDATION INHIBITOR)

API – (American Petroleum Institute) – society organized to further the inter-ests of the petroleum industry. In this capacity, it serves to clear information,conduct research, improve marketing conditions, etc. One of the Institute’sactivities has been the development of the API SERVICE CLASSIFICATIONSfor crankcase oils, and rules for Base Oil Interchange, which give rise to BaseOil Groups I-V.

ASH CONTENT – non-combustible residue of a lubricating oil (also fuels)determined in accordance with ASTM D582 – also D874 (sulphated ash).Since some detergents are metallic salts or compounds, the percentage ofash has been considered to have a relationship to detergency. Interpretationscan be grossly distorted, however, for the following reasons: 1. Detergencydepends on the properties of the base oil as well as on the additive. Somecombinations of base oil and additive are much more effective than others.2. Detergents vary considerably in their potency, and some leave more ashthan others. Organic detergents have been developed, in fact, that leave noash at all. 3. Some of the ash may be contributed by additives other thandetergents. 4. There appears to be a limit to the effective concentration ofdetergent. Nothing is gained by exceeding this limit, and a superabundance ofdetergent may actually reduce cleanliness.

ASLE – (American Society of Lubrication Engineers) – the former name of anorganization involved with friction, wear, and lubrication, which is now knownas the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE).

ASTM – (American Society for Testing and Materials) – organization devotedto “the promotion of knowledge of the materials of engineering, and the standardization of specifications and methods of testing.” In North America, apreponderance of the data used to describe, identify, or specify petroleumproducts is determined in accordance with ASTM Test Methods.

AUTO IGNITION TEMPERATURE – See description under FLASH POINT.

BASE NUMBER – (see NEUT NUMBER)

BLOCK GREASE – A very firm grease manufactured in block form to beapplied to certain large open plain bearings operating at high temperaturesand slow speeds.


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BOUNDARY LUBRICATION – a state of lubrication characterized by partialcontact between two metal surfaces, and partial separation of the surfaces by afluid film of lubricant. Due to metal-metal contact, severe wear can take placeduring boundary lubrication. Specific additives in certain lubricants will minimizewear under boundary lubrication conditions. These additives prevent excessivefriction and scoring by providing a film on the metal surface. There are varyingdegrees of boundary lubrication, and they are met with various additive types.For the milder conditions, OILINESS ADDITIVES may be used. These are polarmaterials that are oil soluble and have an exceptionally high affinity for metalsurfaces. Plating out on these surfaces in a thin but durable film, oiliness additivesgive protection under some conditions that are too severe for a straight mineraloil. In addition, COMPOUNDED OILS which are formulated with polar fatty oils,are sometimes used for this purpose. Another class of boundary lubricants isthat which contains ANTI-WEAR ADDITIVES. These additives, typically zinc-phosphorus compounds, reduce the wear of metal surfaces, as distinct fromreducing the possibility of scoring. High quality engine oils contain anti-wearadditives to protect the heavily loaded parts of modern engines, particularlyvalve trains. The more severe cases of boundary lubrication are defined asEXTREME PRESSURE (EP) conditions. These conditions are met with lubricantswhich contain EP additives. Under the less severe EP conditions, as in certainworm gear or shock loaded applications, a mild EP additive such as sulphurizedfatty oil may be used. For somewhat more severe EP conditions, as occurs inmany industrial gear sets, a moderate EP additive package is used. Under themost severe extreme pressure conditions, as occurs in automotive hypoid gearsand in many rolling mill applications, for example, more active EP compoundscontaining sulphur, chlorine and/or phosphorus may be used. At the very highlocal temperatures associated with metal contact, these additives combinechemically with the metal to form a surface film. Not only is this film effective inreducing friction, but it prevents the welding of opposing asperities (high points)and the consequent scoring that is destructive to sliding surfaces.

BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY – viscosity, in centipoises, as determined on theBrookfield viscometer (ASTM D2983). The operating principle for the Brook-field viscometer is the torque resistance on a spindle rotating in the fluid beingtested. Although Brookfield viscosities are most frequently associated with lowtemperature properties of gear oils and transmission fluids, they are in factdetermined for many other types of lubricant, e.g. white oils.

CARBON RESIDUE – percent of coked material remaining after a sample oflubricating oil has been exposed to high temperatures under ASTM MethodD189 (Conradson) or D524 (Ramsbottom). While carbon residue may havesignificance in the evaluation of roll oils and pneumatic-tool lubricants, it shouldbe interpreted with caution. There may be little similarity between conditions oftest and conditions of service. As far as the effects of residue on performancego, moreover, many consider that the type of carbon is of greater significancethan the quantity.

CENTISTOKE (cSt) – (see VISCOSITY)

CENTIPOISE (cP) – (see VISCOSITY)

CGSB – (Canadian General Standards Board) – a consensus organizationcomposed of people representing producers, users, and general interestgroups, which develops standards for products and test methods specificallyrequired in Canada.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS


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GLOSSARY OF TERMS

CHANNELLING – formation of a “groove” in grease (or in oil too viscous toflow readily under existing conditions). Channels are cut by the motion of alubricated element, such as a gear or the rolling member of an anti-frictionbearing. The amount of channelling can be controlled to a large extent by theconsistency or viscosity of the lubricant. While some degree of channelling isdesirable to prevent excessive churning of the lubricant, particularly in high-speed rolling element bearings, a channel so permanent as to precludefurther movement of lubricant to the contacting surfaces might cause equipment failure due to lack of lubricant.

CLOUD POINT – (see POUR POINT)

COMPOUNDED OIL – a blend of petroleum oil with small amounts of fatty orsynthetic fatty oils is referred to as COMPOUNDING. Compounded oils areused for certain wet applications to prevent washing-off of the lubricant fromthe metal surfaces. The fatty materials enable the oil to combine physicallywith the water instead of being displaced by it. Cylinder oils for wet steamapplications and for some air compressors are compounded. Because thefatty material imparts a strong affinity for metal surfaces, moreover, com-pounded oils are frequently used for applications in which lubricity or extraload-carrying ability are needed. They are not generally recommended, however, for service that requires high oxidation stability. (See BOUNDARYLUBRICATION).

COPPER STRIP CORROSION – evaluation of a product’s tendency to corrode copper or copper alloys, ASTM D130. Test results are based on thematching of corrosion stains. Non corrosiveness is not to be confused withrust inhibiting, which deals with the protection of a surface from some contaminant, such as water, rather than from the oil itself.

CORROSION INHIBITOR – a lubricant additive for protecting surfaces againstchemical attack from contaminants in the lubricant. The most common typesof corrosion inhibitors generally react chemically with the metal surfaces to beprotected, thus forming an inert film in these areas.

DEMULSIBILITY – test time required for a specified oil-water emulsion tobreak, using ASTM D1401 test method. Highly refined, unadditized mineral oilshave inherently good demulsibility. Even after violently shaking an oil/water mix-ture, the oil separates and rises rapidly to the top of the water. This is true alsoof other oils formulated for good demulsibility. It is a desirable characteristic ofoils such as circulating oils that must separate from water readily. Demulsibility isthus a measure of a lubricating oil’s ability to separate from water, an importantconsideration in the maintenance of many circulating oil systems.

DETERGENT – an additive in crankcase oils generally combined with disper-sant additives. A detergent chemically neutralizes acidic contaminants in theoil before they become insoluble and fall out of the oil, forming sludge. Neutralor basic compounds are created which can remain in suspension in the oil.DISPERSANTS operate to break up insoluble contaminant particles alreadyformed. Particles are kept finely divided so that they can remain “dispersed” orcolloidally suspended in the oil.

DISPERSANT – (see DETERGENT)

DROPPING POINT – the temperature at which a grease changes from semi-solid to a liquid state under test conditions. It may be considered an indicationof the high temperature limitation for application purposes.


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EMULSION – a mechanical mixture of two mutually insoluble liquids (such asoil and water). Emulsification may or may not be desirable, depending on circumstances. Soluble cutting oils are designed with an emulsifier to maintain astable emulsion of oil and water for lubricating and cooling machining operations.

EP AGENT – an additive to improve the extreme pressure properties of alubricant. (see BOUNDARY LUBRICATION)

FIRE POINT – (see FLASH POINT)

FLASH POINT – minimum temperature of a petroleum product or other combustible fluid at which vapour is produced at a rate sufficient to yield acombustible mixture. Specifically, it is the lowest sample temperature at whichthe air vapour mixture will “flash” in the presence of a small flame. Flash pointmay be determined by the following ASTM Methods: CLOSED CUP (coveredsample container): D93 “Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Test” for fueloils – also for cutback asphalts and other viscous materials and suspensionsof solids: OPEN CUP (uncovered sample container): D92 “Flash and FirePoints by Cleveland Open Cup: for lubricating oils. As indicated, this lastmethod provides also for the determination of a FIRE POINT. Fire point is theminimum sample temperature at which vapour is produced at a sufficient rateto sustain combustion. Specifically, it is the lowest sample temperature atwhich the ignited vapour persists in burning for at least 5 seconds. Since thefire points of commercial petroleum oils ordinarily run about 30°C above thecorresponding flash point, they are often omitted from petroleum product data.Flash and fire points have obvious safety connotations – the higher the testtemperature the less the hazard of fire or explosion. Of comparablesignificance, however, is their value in providing a simple indication of volatility,where a lower flash point denotes a more volatile material. The dilution of acrankcase oil with fuel, for example, lowers the flash point. Flash and firepoints should not be confused with AUTO-IGNITION TEMPERATURE, thetemperature at which combustion occurs spontaneously (without an externalsource of ignition).

FOAM INHIBITOR – an additive which causes foam to dissipate more rapidly.It promotes the combination of small bubbles into large bubbles which burstmore easily.

FOUR BALL TESTS – two test procedures based on the same principle – theFour-Ball EP Test (ASTM D2596) and Four-Ball Wear Test (ASTM D2266).The three lower balls are clamped together to form a cradle upon which thefourth ball rotates in a vertical axis. The balls are immersed in the lubricantunder investigation. The FOUR BALL WEAR TEST is used to determine therelative wear-preventing properties of lubricants operating under boundarylubrication conditions. The test is carried out at a specified speed,temperature, and load. At the end of a specified period, the average diameterof the wear scar on the three lower balls is reported. The FOUR-BALL EPTEST is designed to evaluate performance under much higher unit loads. Inthis test the top ball is rotated at a specified speed (1700±60 rpm), buttemperature is not controlled. The loading is increased at specified intervalsuntil the rotating ball seizes and welds to the other balls. At the end of eachinterval the average scar diameter is recorded. Two values are generallyreported – LOAD WEAR INDEX (formerly mean Hertz load) and WELDPOINT.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS


1839

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

HYDROCRACKING – is a process, which is used by a few manufacturers ofsuperior quality lubricant basestock. In the process, a petroleum feedstock isreacted with hydrogen, in the presence of a catalyst, at very high temperatures(400-425°C) and pressures (3000 plus psi). Under these severe conditions, virtually all the aromatic hydrocarbons present are isomerized and saturated toyield a basestock containing 96% to 99.5+% saturated hydrocarbons. The process also virtually eliminates all traces of sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen-containing impurities. Hydrocracking produces very high quality, synthetic-likebasestocks, which when blended with carefully selected additives, giveextremely stable lubricants of a synthetic level performance.

HYDROFINISHING – (see HYDROTREATING)

HYDROISOMERIZATON – the HydroIsomerization process employs a specialcatalyst which selectively isomerize wax molecules to isoparaffinic lube oils.The process produces base stocks with higher NIs (Viscosity Index) andimproved low temperature fluidity, compared to stocks produced with lowconventinal dewaxing. This process can also be utilized to produce selectedbase oils with VIs approaching 130 and performance characteristics verysimilar to synthetic lubricants such as poly-alpha-olefins (PAO).

HYDROTREATING – a generic name for a refinery process for treating fuelsand lubricant feedstocks, at elevated temperatures, in the presence of pres-surized hydrogen and a catalyst. This relatively mild process, is sometimescalled “Hydrofinishing” and is used to improve the colour and odour of fuelsand lubricant basestocks.

HYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION – a lubrication regime characterized by afull fluid film between two moving surfaces. The most common example is thetype of lubrication which occurs in oil lubricated journal bearings. Themovement of one surface (the shaft or journal) “pulls” lubricating oil into thespace between the journal and the bearing. This action develops a highpressure in the fluid which completely separates the two surfaces. By contrast,in boundary lubrication there is only a partial fluid film separating the twosurfaces and some surface-to-surface contact occurs.

INHIBITOR – additive for the control of an undesirable phenomenon in grease,oils, or fuels, etc., for example: oxidation inhibitors, rust inhibitors, foaminhibitors, etc.

ISO – (International Organization for Standardization) – an organization whichestablishes internationally recognized standards for products and test methods.One example is the ISO Viscosity Grade system for industrial oils.

NEUT NUMBER – or NEUTRALIZATION NUMBER: the specific quantity ofreagent required to “neutralize” the acidity or alkalinity of a lube oil sample.Either of these characteristics – acidity or alkalinity – may be exhibited by anunused oil, depending on its composition. In addition, certain additives impartacidity, while alkalinity may be derived from the presence of detergents or ofbasic material added to control oxidation. In service, the oil will, in time, showincreasing acidity as the result of oxidation and, in some cases, additivedepletion. Though acidity is not, of itself, necessarily harmful, an increase inacidity may be indicative of oil deterioration, and neut number is widely used toevaluate the condition of an oil in service. The most common measurement isACID NUMBER, the specific quantity of KOH (potassium hydroxide) required tocounterbalance the acid characteristics. How high an acid number can be


1849

tolerated depends on the oil and the service conditions; and only broadexperience with the individual situation can determine such a value. Neutnumber is determined in accordance with the ASTM Method D664 or D974.The former is a potentiometric method, the latter, colorimetric. Values forTOTAL ACID, STRONG ACID, TOTAL BASE, and STRONG BASE can, wherethey exist, be obtained. Strong acid numbers are considered to be related to inorganic acids, such as those derived from sulphur, while the differencebetween the total and strong acid numbers is attributed to weak acids – possibly the products of oxidation. A total acid number (TAN) and a total basenumber (TBN) can exist simultaneously, both components too weak tocompletely neutralize the other. When results are reported simply as “neutnumber” or “acid number”, a TOTAL ACID NUMBER (TAN) is implied.

OXIDATION – A form of chemical deterioration to which petroleum products –like most other organic materials – are subject. The resistance of manypetroleum products to oxidation, however, is very high. Oxidation usuallyinvolves the addition of oxygen atoms, and the result is nearly always one ofdegradation. It is accelerated by higher temperatures, the reaction becomingsignificant at temperatures above 70°C. For every 10°C rise, the rate ofoxidation essentially doubles. Oxidation is also promoted by the presence ofcatalytic metals, copper being particularly active in this latter respect. What ismore, the peroxides that are the initial products of oxidation are themselvesoxidizing agents. So the oxidation of petroleum products is a chain reaction;the farther it progresses, the more rapid it becomes. With fuels and lube oils,oxidation produces sludges, varnishes, gums, and acids, all of which areundesirable. Nevertheless, many oils, such as turbine oils, give years ofservice without need for replacement. Petroleum products that require a longservice or storage life can be formulated to meet requirements by: 1. properselection of crude type. Paraffinic oils are noted for natural resistance tooxidation: 2. thorough refining, which removes oxidation-susceptible materialsand allows greater response to inhibitor; 3. addition of oxidation inhibitors.Long service is also promoted by good maintenance practices – filtration,centrifuging, or other means of controlling contamination; limiting duration orintensity of high temperatures; eliminating the presence of air and of catalytic metals. Forinformation on determining the degree of deterioration sustained by a usedoil and hence, its suitability for further service, see NEUT NUMBER.

OXIDATION INHIBITOR – chemical added in small quantities to a petroleumproduct to increase its oxidation resistance and hence to lengthen its serviceor storage life. An oxidation inhibitor may combine with the peroxides formedinitially by oxidation, thereby modifying them in such a way as to arrest theiroxidizing influence. Or the inhibitor (a passivator) may react with a catalysteither to “poison” it or to coat it with an inert film.

POISE – CGS unit of absolute viscosity: shear stress (in dynes per squarecentimeter) required to move one layer of fluid along another over a total layerthickness of one centimeter at a shear rate of one centimeter per second.Dimensions are dyne-sec/cm2. The CENTIPOISE (cP) is 1/100 of a poise andis the unit of absolute viscosity most commonly used. Whereas ordinaryviscosity measurements depend on the force of gravity on the fluid to supplythe shear stress and are thus subject to distortion by differences in fluiddensity, ABSOLUTE VISCOSITY measurements are independent of densityand are directly related to resistance to flow. (See also VISCOSITY.)

GLOSSARY OF TERMS


1859

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

POUR POINT – is a widely used low-temperature flow indicator and is 3°Cabove the temperature to which a normally liquid petroleum product maintainsfluidity. It is a significant factor in cold-weather start-up, but must beconsidered along with pumpability, the ease with which an oil pumps at lowtemperatures. Paraffinic oils contain wax which forms a honeycomb of crystalsat low temperatures near the pour point. However, agitation by a pump breaksdown this wax structure and allows paraffinic oil to be pumped attemperatures well below their pour point. Naphthenic oils, on the other hand,contain little or no wax and reach their pour point through increase in viscosity:they cannot be pumped readily near the pour point. ASTM D97 is used todetermine pour point. ASTM D97 also provides for the determination ofCLOUD POINT, the lowest temperature at which the sample becomes cloudedby the formation of wax crystals. Clouding is a characteristic only of paraffinicoils. It is a consideration in the evaluation of fuels whose filtration might beimpaired by the plugging effect of wax crystals.

RUST INHIBITOR – a lubricant additive for protecting ferrous (iron and steel)components from rusting caused by water contamination or other harmfulmaterials from oil degradation. Some rust inhibitors operate similarly tocorrosion inhibitors by reacting chemically to form an inert film on metalsurfaces. Other rust inhibitors absorb water by incorporating it into water-in-oilemulsion so that only the oil touches the metal surfaces.

SCUFFING – engine wear resulting from the localized welding and fracture ofrubbing surfaces.

SOLVENT EXTRACTION – a traditional refinery process that is used toupgrade chemical and physical properties in the manufacture of lube oil basestocks. The process relies on the solubility of impurities (especially aromatic components that may also contain sulphur and nitrogen) in anextractive solvent, usually furfural or phenol. The by-product of this process ishighly aromatic EXTRACT, used to make EXTENDER oils, and as feed forother refinery processes.

STLE – (Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers) – formerly knownas ASLE.

SULPHATED ASH – (see ASH)

SYNTHETIC LUBRICANTS - lubricants manufactured by a process, where achemical conversion or transformation of one complex mixture of molecules intoanother complex mixture takes place. A simple purification or physicalseparation process, such as distillation or freezing, does not constitute asynthesis.

Common types of synthetic base oil include:• Polyalpha olefins• Hydrocracked/HydroIsomerized Unconventional Base Oils (UCBOs)• Organic esters• Polyglycols

Synthetic lubricants can exhibit one or more of the following advantages overconventional mineral oils:

• Excellent low temperature fluidity• Low pour point• High natural viscosity index• Outstanding oxidation stability


1869

• High flash and auto-ignition points • Low volatility• Non-toxic

Synthetic lubricants have been used for some time in applications such as jetengine lubricants, arctic lubricants and fire resistant hydraulic fluids. They arenow starting to replace conventional mineral oils in a number of applications,where one or more of the above properties are required. Despite their higherprice, synthetics offer operating advantages that can make them more economical in the long run. For example - reduced oil consumption, longer oillife, improved fuel economy and easier starting at low temperatures.

TIMKEN OK LOAD – measure of the extreme pressure properties of a lubri-cant. Lubricated by the product under investigation, a standard steel rollerrotates against a block. Timken OK load is the heaviest load that can be car-ried without scoring.

TOTAL BASE NUMBER – (see NEUT NUMBER)

VISCOSITY – measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow. It is ordinarily expressedin terms of the time required for a standard quantity of the fluid at a certaintemperature to flow through a standard orifice. The higher the value, the moreviscous the fluid. Since viscosity varies inversely with temperature, its value ismeaningless unless accompanied by the temperature at which it is determined.With petroleum oils, viscosity is now commonly reported in CENTISTOKES(cSt), measured at either 40°C or 100°C (ASTM Method D445 – KinematicViscosity). An earlier method for reporting viscosity in North America was inSaybolt Seconds Universal – SSU or SUS – or, for very viscous oils, in SayboltSeconds Furol – SSF (ASTM Method D88). Other less common viscosity unitsare the ENGLER and REDWOOD scales, principally used in Europe. (Seealso BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY, POISE.)

VISCOSITY INDEX (V.l.) – an indicator of the rate of change of viscosity withtemperature. This change is common to all non-reactive fluids – some more,some less. Heating tends to make them thinner – cooling, thicker. The higherthe V.l., the less the tendency for the viscosity to change. V.l. is determined byformula from the viscosities at 40°C and 100°C in accordance with the ASTMTest Method D567 or D2270. The latter test is required for V.l.’s above 100.High V.l. oils are often preferred for service in which a relatively constant viscosity is desired under conditions of varying temperature. Some hydraulicsystems require this property. Paraffinic oils are inherently high in V.l., and theV.l. of any petroleum oil can be increased by the addition of a V.l. improver.Naphthenic oils are inherently low in V.l. and aromatic oils are still lower –often having negative numbers.

VOLATILITY – that property of a liquid that defines its evaporation characteristics. Of two liquids, the more volatile will boil at a lower temperature, and it will evaporate faster when both liquids are at the sametemperature. The volatility of petroleum products can be evaluated by tests for FLASH POINT, VAPOUR PRESSURE, DISTILLATION, and EVAPORATION RATE.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS


190

HANDY CONVERSION CHARTS AND TABLES

VISCOSITY CONVERSION CHART

KIN

EM

AT

IC V

ISC

OS

ITY

, CE

NT

IST

OK

ES

SA

YB

OLT

UN

IVE

RS

AL

SE

CO

ND

S

RE

DW

OO

D N

O. 1

SE

CO

ND

S (

ST

AN

DA

RD

)

EN

GLE

R D

EG

RE

ES

KIN

EM

AT

IC V

ISC

OS

ITY

, CE

NT

IST

OK

ES

KINEMATIC SUS

R. No. 1

ENGLERKINEMATIC

2

2.5

3

3.5

44.5

55.5

6

7

8

91011

15

2021

25

30

35

4045

5055

60

708090

100110

150

200210

250

300

350

400450500550600

700

800900

1000

80

90100

110

150

250

300

350

400450500

600

700

800900

1000

2

2.5

3

3.5

44.5

55.56

7

8

91011

15

2021

25

30

35

4045

505560

708090100110

150

200210

250

300

350

400450500550600

700

8009001000

1100

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

40004500

200

7065

60

55

50

45

40

35

32

80

90100

110

150

250

300

350

400450500

600

700

800900

10001100

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

200

706560

55

50

45

40

35

33

1.15

1.20

1.25

1.30

1.35

1.40

1.451.50

1.60

1.70

1.801.90

22.1

2.5

3

3.5

44.5

5

6

7

89

1011

15

20

25

30

35

4045

50

60

708090

100110

120130

187


VISCOSITY GUIDE

TABLE OF LIMITS

Maximum ViscositiesCentistokes (Normally At Start-Up)

22,000 Probably maximum pouring viscosity.11,000 Probably maximum for splash or bath lubrication.8,600 Barely pumpable by gear or piston pump – too heavy to be

serviceable.2,200 Upper limit for an automatic oil lubricator.2,200 Upper limit for circulation system (good practice).2,200 Upper limit for an oil constituent of a grease for dispensing.1,000 Ring or rolling element bearings.

860 Hydraulic Vane Pumps @ start-up temperature – to preventcavitation and wear.

860 Fuel oil for good pumpability and atomizing.220 Oil mist generators without heat at minimum operating

temperature.220 Hydraulic-piston pump – start-up temperature – to prevent

wear.54 Hydraulic Systems at operating fluid temperature.

Minimum ViscositiesCentistokes (At Operating Temperature)

33 For gear lubrication.30 For a gear pump.21 Spherical roller bearings.13 Other rolling element bearings.13 Hydraulic systems to prevent excessive pump wear and

slippage.13 Plain bearings.4 Minimum viscosity to support a dynamic load.

OPTIMUM VISCOSITIES

The optimum viscosity is the ideal allowable at the operating temperature.

Centistokes25 Hydraulic systems30 Plain Bearings40 Spur & Helical Gears (e.g. ISO-VG 150 @ 60°C)75 Worm Gears (e.g. 460 @ 75°C)

9 9

foldout Canadian 2/27/07 8:44 AM Page 2

189188

HANDY CONVERSION CHARTS AND TABLESHANDY CONVERSION CHARTS AND TABLES

9

foldout Canadian 2/27/07 8:44 AM Page 1

1919


TO USE:

Place straight edge at equal centistoke values on bothKinematic scales.

All viscosities on each scale will be equivalent for thesame temperature.

To extend scale ranges to higher viscosities utilize powers of10 in these scales between the 100 and 1000 divisions onthe Kinematic scale,

i.e. 3000 centistokes = 300 cSt x 10and is approximately equivalent to1400 x 10 = 14000 SUS.


9192


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

VOLUME % OF HIGHER VISCOSITY COMPONENT100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

VOLUME % OF LOWER VISCOSITY COMPONENT

1000

500400

300

200

150

100

75

50

40

30

20

15

10

9.0

8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

1000

500400

300

200

150

100

75

50

40

30

20

15

10

9.0

8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

KIN

EM

AT

IC V

ISC

OS

ITY,

CE

NT

ISTO

KE

S (

Lo

wer

Vis

cosi

ty C

om

po

nen

t)

KIN

EM

AT

IC V

ISC

OS

ITY,

CE

NT

ISTO

KE

S (

Hig

her

Vis

cosi

ty C

om

po

nen

t)

ASTM TWO BASE OIL BLENDING CHART – CENTIISTOKES


1939


Example: Two Base Oil Blending

Determine the relative viscosities, at a common temperature, ofthe two base oils to be blended.

i.e. 80 Neutral 15 cSt @ 40°C 160 Neutral 35 cSt @ 40°C

Locate these viscosities on the appropriate sides of the chartand join them with a straight line. From this chart and the line,you can:

1. Determine blend percentages to give a desired viscosity byreading down from intersection point of line and desired viscosity. In our example, if plotted, we could obtain 20 cSt @ 40°C oil with a 60/40 blend of the two base oils.

2. Determine the viscosity of a blended base oil if the volume percentages of the two base oils are known. Simply read upfrom the volume percentages point to the line and readacross to the viscosity.


1949


API GRAVITIES AND DENSITIES

Note: All conversions are at 15.6°C (60°F)

API Density API DensityGravity (kg/L) Gravity (kg/L)

0 1.074 21 0.926

1 1.066 22 0.920

2 1.058 23 0.914

3 1.050 24 0.908

4 1.042 25 0.902

5 1.034 26 0.896

6 1.027 27 0.891

7 1.020 28 0.885

8 1.012 29 0.880

9 1.005 30 0.874

10 0.998 31 0.869

11 0.991 32 0.864

12 0.984 33 0.858

13 0.977 34 0.853

14 0.970 35 0.848

15 0.964 36 0.843

16 0.957 37 0.838

17 0.951 38 0.833

18 0.944 39 0.828

19 0.938 40 0.823

20 0.932 41 0.818


1959


APPROXIMATE COLOUR SCALE EQUIVALENTS

ASTM Colour Union (N.P.A.) N.P.A. ColourD 1500 Colorimeter Descriptions

ASTM D 155

0 — Standard White0.5 1 Lily White1.0 11/2 Cream White1.5 13/4 —2.0 2 Extra Pale2.5 21/2 Extra Pale Lemon3.0 3 Lemon Pale3.5 31/2 Extra Orange Pale4.0 4 Orange Pale4.5 41/2 —5.0 5 Pale5.5 51/2 Light Red6.0 6 —6.5 61/2 Dark Red7.0 7 Claret Red7.5 71/2 —8.0 8 —

VAPOUR PRESSURE OF LUBRICATING OIL

The vapour pressure of lubricating oil is very low and except for certain lowvacuum or very high temperature applications, is not a limiting factor in typicallubrication practice. The data below were obtained by extrapolating the boilingpoints, at several reduced pressures, for three common viscosity grades oflube oil.

Oil Viscosity 30-35 cSt 65-70 cSt 80-85cSt @ 40°C 150 SUS 300 SUS 400 SUS

Oil Temp Vapour Pressure, millimetres of Mercury°C40 0.00004 0.0000005 0.0000002560 0.0003 0.000007 0.000002790 0.002 0.00008 0.000035

120 0.015 0.0009 0.0004150 0.11 0.011 0.005180 0.8 0.12 0.055230 5.8 1.5 0.7290 35 15 7.4


9196


TEMPERATURE CONVERSION TABLE

°F ➔ ° C

What is the ° C equivalent of 100°F?

Look at 100 in the middle column.To the left, in the °C column, is the equivalent 37.8°C.

°C ➔ °F What is the °F equivalent of 50°C?

Look at 50 in the middle column.To the right, in the °F column, is the equivalent 122.0°F.

To From To To From To To From To°C °T °F °C °T °F °C °T °F–40.0 –40 –40.0 6.7 44 111.2 53.3 128 262.4–38.9 –38 –36.4 7.8 46 114.8 54.4 130 266.0–37.8 –36 –32.8 8.9 48 118.4 55.6 132 269.6–36.7 –34 –29.2 10.0 50 122.0 56.7 134 273.2–35.6 –32 –25.6 11.1 52 125.6 57.8 136 276.8–34.4 –30 –22.0 12.2 54 129.2 58.9 138 280.4–33.3 –28 –18.4 13.3 56 132.8 60.0 140 284.0–32.2 –26 –14.8 14.4 58 136.4 61.1 142 287.6–31.1 –24 –11.2 15.6 60 140.0 62.2 144 291.2–30.0 –22 –7.6 16.7 62 143.6 63.3 146 294.8–28.9 –20 –4.0 17.8 64 147.2 64.4 148 298.4–27.8 –18 –0.4 18.9 66 150.8 65.6 150 302.0–26.7 –16 +3.2 20.0 68 154.4 66.7 152 305.6–25.6 –14 6.8 21.1 70 158.0 67.8 154 309.2–24.4 –12 10.4 22.2 72 161.6 68.9 156 312.8–23.3 –10 14.0 23.3 74 165.2 70.0 158 316.4–22.2 –8 17.6 24.4 76 168.8 71.1 160 320.0–21.1 –6 21.2 25.6 78 172.4 72.2 162 323.6–20.0 –4 24.8 26.7 80 176.0 73.3 164 327.2–18.9 –2 28.4 27.8 82 179.6 74.4 166 330.8–17.8 0 32.0 28.9 84 183.2 75.6 168 334.4–16.7 + 2 35.6 30.0 86 186.8 76.7 170 338.0–15.6 4 39.2 31.1 88 190.4 77.8 172 341.6–14.4 6 42.8 32.2 90 194.0 78.9 174 345.2–13.3 8 46.4 33.3 92 197.6 80.0 176 348.8–12.2 10 50.0 34.4 94 201.2 81.1 178 352.4–11.1 12 53.6 35.6 96 204.8 82.2 180 356.0–10.0 14 57.2 36.7 98 208.4 83.3 182 359.6–8.9 16 60.8 37.8 100 212.0 84.4 184 363.2–7.8 18 64.4 38.9 102 215.6 85.6 186 366.8–6.7 20 68.0 40.0 104 219.2 86.7 188 370.4–5.6 22 71.6 41.1 106 222.8 87.8 190 374.0–4.4 24 75.2 42.2 108 226.4 88.9 192 377.6–3.3 26 78.8 43.3 110 230.0 90.0 194 381.2–2.2 28 82.4 44.4 112 233.6 91.1 196 384.8–1.1 30 86.0 45.6 114 237.2 92.2 198 388.40 32 89.6 46.7 116 240.8 93.3 200 392.0

+1.1 34 93.2 47.8 118 244.4 94.4 202 395.62.2 36 96.8 48.9 120 248.0 95.6 204 399.23.3 38 100.4 50.0 122 251.6 96.7 206 402.84.4 40 104.0 51.1 124 255.2 97.8 208 406.45.6 42 107.6 52.2 126 258.8 98.9 210 410.0


1979


TEMPERATURE CONVERSION TABLE

°F ➔ ° C

What is the ° C equivalent of 100°F?

Look at 100 in the middle column.To the left, in the °C column, is the equivalent 37.8°C.

°C ➔ °F What is the °F equivalent of 50°C?

Look at 50 in the middle column.To the right, in the °F column, is the equivalent 122.0°F.

To From To To From To To From To°C °T °F °C °T °F °C °T °F100.0 212 413.6 248.9 480 896 482.2 900 1652101.1 214 417.2 254.4 490 914 487.8 910 1670102.2 216 420.8 260.0 500 932 493.3 920 1688103.3 218 424.4 265.6 510 950 498.9 930 1706104.4 220 428.0 271.1 520 968 504.4 940 1724105.6 222 431.6 276.7 530 986 510.0 950 1742106.7 224 435.2 282.2 540 1004 515.6 960 1760107.8 226 438.8 287.8 550 1022 521.1 970 1778108.9 228 442.4 293.3 560 1040 526.7 980 1796110.0 230 446.0 298.9 570 1058 532.2 990 1814111.1 232 449.6 304.4 580 1076 537.7 1000 1832112.2 234 453.2 310.0 590 1094113.3 236 456.8 315.6 600 1112114.4 238 460.0 321.1 610 1130115.6 240 464.0 326.7 620 1148116.7 242 467.6 332.2 630 1166117.8 244 471.2 337.8 640 1184118.9 246 474.8 343.3 650 1202120.0 248 478.4 348.9 660 1220121.1 250 482.0 354.4 670 1238126.7 260 500 360.0 680 1256132.2 270 518 365.6 690 1274137.8 280 536 371.1 700 1292143.3 290 554 376.7 710 1310148.9 300 572 382.2 720 1328154.4 310 590 387.8 730 1346160.0 320 608 393.3 740 1364165.6 330 626 398.9 750 1382171.1 340 644 404.4 760 1400176.7 350 662 410.0 770 1418182.2 360 680 415.6 780 1436187.8 370 698 421.1 790 1454193.3 380 716 426.8 800 1472198.9 390 734 432.2 810 1490204.4 400 752 437.8 820 1508210.0 410 770 443.3 830 1526215.6 420 788 448.9 840 1544221.1 430 806 454.4 850 1562226.7 440 824 460.0 860 1580232.2 450 842 465.6 870 1598237.8 460 860 471.1 880 1616243.3 470 878 476.7 890 1634


9198


COMMONLY USED CONVERSION FACTORS

To Convert From To Multiply by

Atmospheres cm of mercury (0°C) 76

Atmospheres feet of water (39.2°F) 33.899

Atmospheres grams/sq cm 1033.3

Atmospheres inches of mercury (32°F) 29.921

Atmospheres kg/sq meter 10333

Atmospheres mm of mercury 760

Atmospheres pounds/sq ft 2116.32

Atmospheres pounds/sq inch 14.696

Barrels, oil gallon (US) 42

Barrels (API) meter3 0.1590

Btu (60°F/15.56°C) joule 1055

Btu/minute horsepower 0.0236

Btu/pound calories/gram 0.5555

Calories (mean) joule 4.190

Calories/gram Btu/pound 1.8

Centimeters feet 0.0328

Centimeters inches 0.3937

Centimeters yards 0.0109

Centimeters/second feet/minute 1.9685

Centimeters/second meter/minute 0.6

Centimeters/second miles/hour 0.0223

Centipoises newton-second/meter2 1.000 x 10-3

Centistokes meter2/second 1.000 x 10-6

Cheval-vapeurs (C.V.) horsepower 0.9863

Cubic centimeters cubic inches 0.0610

Cubic centimeters gallons (British) 0.00022

Cubic centimeters gallons (US) 0.00026

Cubic centimeters ounces (British, fluid) 0.0351

Cubic centimeters ounces (US, fluid) 0.0338

Cubic centimeters quarts(British,liquid) 0.00088

Cubic centimeters quarts (US, liquid) 0.00105

Cubic feet cubic centimeters 28317

Cubic feet cubic inches 1728

Cubic feet cubic yards 0.0370

Cubic feet gallons (British) 6.2288

Cubic feet gallons (US) 7.4805

Cubic feet litres 28.3162


1999


COMMONLY USED CONVERSION FACTORS (continued)


Cu ft of water (60°F) pounds 62.37

Cubic inches cubic cm 16.3872

Cubic inches gallons (British) 0.0036

Cubic inches gallons (US) 0.0043

Cubic inches litres 0.0164

Cubic meters cubic feet 35.314

Cubic meters cubic yards 1.3079

Cubic meters gallons (British) 219.969

Cubic meters gallons (US) 264.173

Degrees (F) degree kelvin tk = (t, + 459.67)/1.8

Degrees (C) degree kelvin tk = (tc + 273.15)

Dynes newton 1.000 x 10-fi

Fathoms feet 6

Feet meters 0.3048

Feet of water (39.2°F) atmospheres 0.0295

Feet of water (39.2°F) inches of mercury (32° F) 0.8826

Feet of water (39.2°F) kg/sq meter 304.79

Feet of water (39.2°F) pounds/sq ft 62.427

Feet of water (39.2°F) pounds/sq inch 0.4335

Feet/minute kilometers/hour 0.0183

Feet/minute meters/second 0.0050

Feet/minute miles/hour 0.0114

Foot pounds/minute horsepower 0.0000303

Gallons (British) cubic cm 4546.08

Gallons (British) cubic ft 0.1605

Gallons (British) cubic inches 277.418

Gallons (British) gallons (US) 1.2009

Gallons (British) litres 4.5459

Gallons (British) meter3 4.546 x 10-3

Gallons (British) pounds of water (62°F) 10

Gallons (Imperial) see Gallons (British)

Gallons (US) cubic cm 3785.434

Gallons (US) cubic ft 0.1337

Gallons (US) cubic inches 231

Gallons (US) gallons (British) 0.8327

Gallons (US) litres 3.7854

Gallons (US) meter3 3.785 x 10-3


9200




Gallons (US) pounds of water (60°F) 8.3370

Gallons (US)/minute cubic feet/hour 8.0208

Grams ounces (avoirdupois) 0.03527

Grams pounds (avoirdupois) 0.0022

Grams/litre parts per million (ppm) 1000

Grams/sq cm atmospheres 0.000967

Grams/sq cm feet of water (60°F) 0.0328

Grams/sq cm inches of mercury (32°F) 0.02896

Grams/sq cm mm of mercury (0°C) 0.7355

Grams/sq cm pounds/sq ft 2.0482

Grams/sq cm pounds/sq inch 0.0142

Horsepower Cheval-vapeur (C.V.) 1.014

Horsepower foot-pounds/second 550

Horsepower Pferdestaerke (P.S.) 1.014

Horsepower watts 745.7

Hundredweight (cwt) pounds 100

Inches centimeters 2.54

Inches of mercury (32°F) atmospheres 0.0334

Inches of mercury (32°F) feet of water (39.2°F) 1.133

Inches of mercury (32°F) kg/sq meter 345.3

Inches of mercury (32°F) pounds/sq ft 70.727

Inches of mercury (32°F) pounds/sq inch 0.4911

Inches of water (39.2°F) atmospheres 0.00245

Inches of water (39.2°F) gms/sq cm 2.5399

Inches of water (39.2°F) inches of mercury (32°F) 0.07355

Inches of water (39.2°F) pounds/sq in 0.0361

Kilograms ounces (avoirdupois) 35.274

Kilograms pounds (avoirdupois) 2.2046

Kg-meters (torque) pound-feet 7.2330

Kg/cu meter pounds/cu ft 0.0624

Kilometers feet 3280

Kilometers miles 0.6213

Kilometers miles (nautical) 0.5396

Kilometers rods 198.836

Kilometers yards 1093

Kilowatt-hours Btu 3413

Kilowatts Btu/minute 56.884


2019




Litres cubic feet 0.0353

Litres cubic inches 61.025

Litres gallons (British) 0.2199

Litres gallons (US) 0.2641

Litres ounces (British, fluid) 35.196

Litres ounces (US, fluid) 33.814

Litres quarts (US, fluid) 1.0566

Meters feet 3.2808

Meters inches 39.37

Meters yards 1.0936

Miles feet 5280

Miles kilometers 1.6093

Miles rods 320

Miles yards 1760

Miles (nautical) feet 6080

Miles/hour cm/sec 44.7

Miles/hour km/min 0.0268

Millilitres cu inches 0.061

Millilitres ounces (British, fluid) 0.035

Millilitres ounces (US, fluid) 0.0338

Millimeters inches 0.039

Millimeters mils 39.37

Millimeters mercury (0°C) atmospheres 0.0013

Millimeters mercury (0°C) feet of water (39.2°F) 0.0446

Millimeters mercury (0°C) gm/sq cm 1.3595

Millimeters mercury (0°C) kg/sq meters 13.595

Millimeters mercury (0°C) pounds/sq ft 2.7845

Millimeters mercury (0°C) pounds/sq in 0.0193

Ounces (avoirdupois) grams 28.3495

Ounces (British, fluid) cu cm 28.4130

Ounces (British, fluid) gallons (British) 0.0062

Ounces (US, fluid) cu cm 29.5737

Ounces (US, fluid) cu inches 1.8047

Parts per million (ppm) grains/gal (British) 0.0701

Parts per million (ppm) grains/gal (US) 0.0584

Pferdestaerke (P.S.) horsepower 0.986

Pounds (avoirdupois) grams 453.5924


9202




Pounds/foot grams/cm 14.8816

Pounds/sq ft atmospheres 0.000472

Pounds/sq ft kg/sq meter 4.8824

Pounds/sq in atmospheres 0.0680

Pounds/sq in cm of mercury (0°C) 5.1715

Pounds/sq in feet of water (39.2°F) 2.3066

Pounds/sq in grams/sq cm 70.307

Pounds/sq in inches of mercury (32°F) 2.0360

Pounds/sq in newton/meter2 6895

Quarts (British, liquid) cu cm 1136.521

Quarts (US, liquid) cu cm 946.3586

Quarts (US, liquid) cu inch 57.75

Quarts (US, liquid) ounces (US, fluid) 32

Stones (British) pounds (avoirdupois) 14

Tons (long) kilograms 1016.047

Tons (long) pounds (avoirdupois) 2240

Tons (long) tons (metric) 1.0160

Tons (long) tons (short) 1.12

Tons (metric) kilograms 1000

Tons (metric) pounds (avoirdupois) 2204.62

Tons (metric) tons (long) 0.9842

Tons (metric) tons (short) 1.1023

Tons (short) kilograms 907.1848

Tons (short) pounds (avoirdupois) 2000

Tons (short) tons (long) 0.8928

Tons (short) tons (metric) 0.907

Yards centimeters 91.440

Yards miles 0.00057


2039


QUANTITIES FOR VARIOUS DEPTHS OFCYLINDRICAL TANKS IN HORIZONTAL POSITION

% %Depth ofFilled Capacity

1 0.20

2 0.50

3 0.90

4 1.34

5 1.87

6 2.45

7 3.07

8 3.74

9 4.45

10 5.20

11 5.98

12 6.80

13 7.64

14 8.50

15 9.40

16 10.32

17 11.27

18 12.24

19 13.23

20 14.23

21 15.26

22 16.32

23 17.40

24 18.50

25 19.61


26 20.73

27 21.86

28 23.00

29 24.07

30 25.31

31 26.48

32 27.66

33 28.84

34 30.03

35 31.19

36 32.44

37 33.66

38 34.90

39 36.14

40 37.39

41 38.64

42 39.89

43 41.14

44 42.40

45 43.66

46 44.92

47 46.19

48 47.45

49 48.73

50 50.00


51 51.27

52 52.55

53 53.81

54 55.08

55 56.34

56 57.60

57 58.86

58 60.11

59 61.36

60 62.61

61 63.86

62 65.10

63 66.34

64 67.56

65 68.81

66 69.97

67 71.16

68 72.34

69 73.52

70 74.69

71 75.93

72 77.00

73 78.14

74 79.27

75 80.39


76 82.50

77 82.60

78 83.68

79 84.74

80 85.77

81 86.77

82 87.76

83 88.73

84 89.68

85 90.60

86 91.50

87 92.36

88 93.20

89 94.02

90 94.80

91 96.55

92 96.26

93 96.93

94 97.55

95 98.13

96 98.66

97 99.10

98 99.50

99 99.80

100 100.00


204

NOTES


PREFACE

PREFACE

Petro-Canada Lubricants: Going beyond today’s ards

For more than 25 years, Petro-Canada has researched, developed and produced more than 350 world-class, advanced lubricants, specialty fluidsand greases. Our products serve a diverse range of industries around theglobe including the food industry, general manufacturing, transportation,power generation, mining, forestry, agriculture and plastics processing.

Petro-Canada’s lubricants are manufactured using a patented HT PurityProcess resulting in crystal-clear base oils that are 99.9% pure – the purestin the world. We’re focused on producing products that last longer, are moreenvironmentally friendly, are recyclable, non toxic and biodegradable. Wehave an enviable reputation for high quality, long lasting and cost efficientproducts. This translates into a performance edge for our customers when itcomes to increasing productivity and cutting operating costs. Our productsconstantly deliver Tangible Savings Solutions for outstanding performanceand savings.

This Handbook was current at time of publication. However, specificationwriters and Petro-Canada are constantly upgrading and improving products to meet the ever-changing demands of the marketplace so the informationcontained herein is subject to change. This Handbook is also available elec-tronically on www.petro-canada.com. The products throughout are available in a wide range of package sizes and are stocked at many strategic locationsaround the world either by Petro-Canada or one of our many globalDistributors.

To help our customers select the right lubricant for the job, request a copy ofour LubeSource product catalogue, LUB 2097. It’s an informative guide thatsystematically narrows your lubricant choices to a primary recommendation.

-Petro-Canada LubricantsMississauga, Ontario, Canada

January, 2007



NOTE:






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3000

2000

1000

500

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200

100

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Inside covers-Canadian 2/27/07 8:45 AM Page 1

Petro-Canada Lubricants2310 Lakeshore Road WestMississauga, OntarioCanada L5J 1K2

Canada - West ........................ Phone 1-800-661-1199East - English ......................... Phone 1-800-268-5850French .................................... Phone 1-800-576-1686Other Areas ............................ Phone (416) 730-2408E-mail ..................................... [email protected]

Petro-Canada America Lubricants Inc.980 North Michigan AvenueSuite 1400, #1431Chicago, Il 60611 USA

Phone ...................................... 1-888-284-4572Fax .......................................... (708) 246-8994E-mail ...................................... [email protected]

Petro-Canada Europe Lubricants Ltd.The ManorHaseley Business CentreWarwick, WarwickshireCV35 7LS United Kingdom

Phone ....................................... +44 (0) 2476-247294Fax ........................................... +44 (0) 2476-247295

Visit Petro-Canada on the Internet: www.petro-canada.com

PR

INT

ED

IN

CA

NA

DA

EP

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D O

N R

EC

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PETRO-CANADA LUBRICANTS HANDBOOK2007

LUB

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NTS H

AN

DB

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K - 2007

Outside covers E-07 2/27/07 8:46 AM Page 1

petro-canada lubricants handbook 2007 - :: canadian

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