nepal slrc baseline survey codebook

Nepal SLRC Baseline Survey Codebook

Variable name Description Values Survey reference

Key to the datasets:

'NEPAL.dta' includes household level data and individual data in wide format.

'NEPAL HOUSEHOLD ONLY.dta' includes household level data but no individual level data for household

members (i.e. excludes Module C and E1-E13).

'NEPAL LONG.dta' includes individual level data only, in long format, for all household members (i.e. Module

C and E1-E13 only).

Information about the interview (Note: This section not included in published dataset)

start_time Start time

end_time End time Page 1

A. Basic pre-interview data (Note: A1-4, A6 and A7 not included in published dataset)

A3 Date Page 2, A3

A4 Household I.D. Page 2, A4

A5_District District in which dwelling is located 1. Rolpa 2. Bardiya 3. Ilam

Page 2, A5

A5_VDC VDC in which dwelling is located 1. Budagaun 2. Liwang 3. Thawang 4. Belwa 5. Gulariya 6. Rajapur 7. Pasupatinagar 8. Ilam 9. Chulachuli

Page 2, A5

A6 Landmarks and nearby identifying features

Page 2, A6

A7_GPS_longitude

GPS longitude of dwelling Page 2, A7

A7_GPS_latitude GPS latitude of dwelling Page 2, A7

A8 Urban/ rural status 1. Urban 2. Rural

Page 2, A8

A9 Result of the interview 1. Completed 2. Incomplete 3. Refused to participate

Page 2, A9

2 Nepal SLRC baseline survey codebook


A10 Reason for refusal 1. No time 2. Not interested 3. Other (specify)

, A10

A10_other Reason for refusal: other Page 2, A10

B. Basic pre-interview data

B1 Have you lived in this village/ community continuously since birth?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 2, B1

B2 If you have not lived here since birth, are you living here for the first time, or have you lived here before?

1. First time 2. Lived here before

Page 2, B2

B3 If you have not lived here since birth, why did you move here? (Only one response allowed)

1. Relocated due to conflict 2. Relocated due to economic opportunities 3. Relocated here due to marriage 4. Relocated due to other facilities / accessibility 5. Other (specify)

Page 2, B3

B3_other If you have not lived here since birth, why did you move here?: other

Page 2, B3

B4 What is your household’s religion? ( Only one response allowed )

1. Muslim 2. Hindu 3. Buddhist 4. Christian 5. Kirat 6. None 7. Mixed 8. Other

Page 2, B4

B4_other What is your household’s religion?: other

Page 2, B4

B5 What ethnic group/ caste does the household belong to? (one response possible)

1. Brahmin / Chhetri 2. Janjati / indigenous group 3. Dalit 4. Mixed 5. Other

Page 2, B5

B5_other What ethnic group does the household belong to?: other

Page 2, B5

C. Basic individual information

Each variable is repeated for up to 25 household members (Note: C2_[1…25] not included in published dataset)

C2_[1…25] Name Page 3, C2



C3_[1…25] Relationship to respondent 0. Respondent 1. Spouse 2. Son / daughter 3. Spouse of son / daughter 4. Grandchild 5. Father / mother 6. Brother / sister 7. Nephew / niece 8. Father / mother in law 9. Brother / sister in law 10. Grandfather / grandmother 11. Other relative 12. Non-relative

, C3

C4_[1…25] Gender 0. Male 1. Female

Page 3, C4

C5_[1…25] Age Page 3, C5

C6_[1…25] Marital status 1. Unmarried 2. Married 3. Cohabiting 4. Separated 5. Divorced 6. Widow / widower

Page 3, C6

C7_[1…25] Highest level of education completed 1. Illiterate 2. Read / write 3. Primary 4. Secondary 5. SLC passed 6. +2 intermediate 7. Bachelors / above

Page 3, C7

C8_[1…25] Currently enrolled in school 0. No 1. Yes

Page 3, C8

D. Assets

D1 What is the ownership status of this dwelling?

1. Own and have deeds 2. Rented 3. Living without paying (offered by relatives etc) 4. Squatting 5. Living for working 6. Other

Page 4, D1

D1_other What is the ownership status of this dwelling? 'Other' response specified

Page 4, D1

D2 Do you own or rent any other property?

0. No 1. Yes, own one other 2. Yes, own two others 3. Yes, rent one other 4. Yes, rent two others 5. Yes, other

Page 4, D2

D2_other Do you own or rent any other property? 'Other' response specified

Page 4, D2



D3 What is your roof made of? 1. Thatch/ straw 2. Earth/mud 3. Wood/planks 4. Galvanized iron 5. Concrete/ cement 6. Tiles/ slate 7. Other

, D3

D3_other What is your roof made of? 'Other' response specified

Page 4, D3

D4 What are your walls made of? 1. Cement bonded bricks/ stones 2. Cement, stones and mud 3. Mud-bonded bricks/stones 4. Wood/branches 5. Concrete 6. Unbacked bricks 7. No outside wall 8. Other

Page 4, D4

D4_other What are your walls made of? 'Other' response specified

Page 4, D4

D5 What is your floor made of? 1. Earth 2. Wood 3. Stone/ brick 4. Concrete 5. Other

Page 4, D5

D5_other What is your floor made of? 'Other' response specified

Page 4, D5

D6 Do you have a toilet? 0. No 1. Private inside home 2. Private on plot 3. Shared with neighbours 4. Other

Page 4, D6

D6_other Do you have a toilet? What is your floor made of? 'Other' response specified

Page 4, D6

D7 What is the main source of energy for cooking?

1. Electricity 2. Natural gas 3. Cylindrical gas 4. Kerosene 5. Coal 6. Firewood 7. Dung-cake 8. Agricultural crop waste or straw 9. Other

Page 4, D7

D7_other What is the main source of energy for cooking? 'Other' response specified

Page 4, D7

D8 Does your household own any land? 0. No 1. Yes, with certificate 2. Yes, without certificate 3. Yes, both

Page 4, D8

D9_bigha How much land does the household own? Number of bigha.

Page 4, D9



D9_katta How much land does the household own? Number of katta.

Page 4, D9

D9_dhur How much land does the household own? Number of dhur.

Page 4, D9

D9_ropani How much land does the household own? Number of ropani

Page 4, D9

D9_aana How much land does the household own? Number of aana

Page 4, D9

D9_paisa How much land does the household own? Number of paisa

Page 4, D9

D9_total How much land does the household own? Total quantity.

Page 4, D9

D10_1_dummy How do you use the land? Any land irrigated.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_2_dummy How do you use the land? Any land unirrigated.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_3_dummy How do you use the land? Any land used for housing plot.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_4_dummy How do you use the land? Any land used for grazing land.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_5_dummy How do you use the land? Any land used as forest.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_6_dummy How do you use the land? Any land left fallow.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_7_dummy How do you use the land? Any land used as vegetable patch.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_8_dummy How do you use the land? Any land leased for real estate.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_9_dummy How do you use the land? Any land leases to multinational company.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_10_dummy How do you use the land? Any land leased for contract farmers.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 4, D10

D10_1 How do you use the land? First response.

1. Irrigated 2. Un-irrigated 3. Housing plot 4. Grazing land 5. Forest 6. Land left fallow 7. Vegetable patch 8. Lease for real estate 9. Lease for multi-national company for commercial production/ research farm 10. Lease for contract farmer 11. Other (specify)

Page 4, D10



D10_2 How do you use the land? Second response.

Same as above Page 4, D10

D10_3 How do you use the land? Third response.


D10_4 How do you use the land? Fourth response.


D10_5 How do you use the land? Fifth response.


D10_6 How do you use the land? Sixth response.


D10_7 How do you use the land? Seventh response.


D10_8 How do you use the land? Eighth response.


D10_9 How do you use the land? Ninth response.


D10_10 How do you use the land? Tenth response.


D10_other How do you use the land? 'Other' response specified.

Page 4, D10

D11 Does your household rent any land? 0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D11

D12_bigha How much land does the household rent? Number of bigha.

Page 5, D12

D12_katta How much land does the household rent? Number of katta.

Page 5, D12

D12_dhur How much land does the household rent? Number of dhur.

Page 5, D12

D12_ropani How much land does the household rent? Number of ropani

Page 5, D12

D12_aana How much land does the household rent? Number of aana

Page 5, D12

D12_paisa How much land does the household rent? Number of paisa

Page 5, D12

D12_total How much land does the household rent? Total quantity.

Page 5, D12

D13_1_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land irrigated.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_2_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land unirrigated.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_3_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land used for housing plot.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_4_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land used for grazing land.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13



D13_5_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land used as forest.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_6_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land left fallow.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_7_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land used as vegetable patch.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_8_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land leased for real estate.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_9_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land leases to multinational company.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_10_dummy How do you use the rented land? Any land leased for contract farmers.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D13

D13_1 How do you use the rented land? First response.


Page 5, D13

D13_2 How do you use the rented land? Second response.


D13_3 How do you use the rented land? Third response.


D13_4 How do you use the rented land? Fourth response.


D13_5 How do you use the rented land? Fifth response.


D13_6 How do you use the rented land? Sixth response.


D13_7 How do you use the rented land? Seventh response.


D13_8 How do you use the rented land? Eighth response.


D13_9 How do you use the rented land? Ninth response.


D13_10 How do you use the rented land? Tenth response.


D13_other How do you use the rented land? 'Other' response specified.

Page 5, D13



D14 Does your household share-crop any land?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D14

D15_bigha How much land does the household sharecrop? Number of bigha.

Page 5, D15

D15_katta How much land does the household sharecrop? Number of katta.

Page 5, D15

D15_dhur How much land does the household sharecrop? Number of dhur.

Page 5, D15

D15_ropani How much land does the household sharecrop? Number of ropani

Page 5, D15

D15_aana How much land does the household sharecrop? Number of aana

Page 5, D15

D15_paisa How much land does the household sharecrop? Number of paisa

Page 5, D15

D15_total How much land does the household sharecrop? Total quantity.

Page 5, D15

D16_1_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land irrigated.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_2_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land unirrigated.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_3_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land used for housing plot.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_4_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land used for grazing land.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_5_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land used as forest.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_6_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land left fallow.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_7_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land used as vegetable patch.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_8_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land leased for real estate.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_9_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land leased to multinational company.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16

D16_10_dummy How do you use the sharecropped land? Any land leased for contract farmers.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D16



D16_1 How do you use the sharecropped land? First response.


Page 5, D16

D16_2 How do you use the sharecropped land? Second response.


D16_3 How do you use the sharecropped land? Third response.


D16_4 How do you use the sharecropped land? Fourth response.


D16_5 How do you use the sharecropped land? Fifth response.


D16_6 How do you use the sharecropped land? Sixth response.


D16_7 How do you use the sharecropped land? Seventh response.


D16_8 How do you use the sharecropped land? Eighth response.


D16_9 How do you use the sharecropped land? Ninth response.


D16_10 How do you use the sharecropped land? Tenth response.


D16_other How do you use the sharecropped land? 'Other' response specified.

Page 5, D16

D17 If response to D10/D13/D16 is irrigated, in the last 12 months how much of your land did you irrigate?

1. All of it 2. Some of it 3. Only a little

Page 5, D17

D18 If response to D10/D13/D16 is un-irrigated, in the last 12 months why did you not irrigate?

1. Not required 2. No access to water 3. No equipment to irrigate 4. Other (specify)

Page 5, D18

D18_other If response to D10/D13/D16 is un-irrigated, in the last 12 months why did you not irrigate? Other, specify

Page 5, D18

D19_1_a Does your household own a fridge? 0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D19.1.A

D19_1_b How many fridges? Page 5,



D19.1.B

D19_2_a Does your household own a TV? 0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D19.2.A

D19_2_b How many TVs? Page 5, D19.2.B

D19_3_a Does your household own a mobile phone?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D19.3.A

D19_3_b How many mobile phones? Page 5, D19.3.B

D19_4_a Does your household own a fan/ air-conditioning unit?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D19.4.A

D19_4_b How many fans/ airconditioning units?

Page 5, D19.4.B

D19_5_a Does your household own a computer/ laptop?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D19.5.A

D19_5_b How many computers/ laptops? Page 5, D19.5.B

D19_6_a Does your household own a radio? 0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D19.6.A

D19_6_b How many radios? Page 5, D19.6.B

D20_1_a Does your household own any small livestock? (chickens, rabbits, ducks etc)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D20.1.A

D20_1_b How many small livestock? Page 5, D20.1.B

D20_2_a Does your household own any medium-sized livestock? (goats, sheep, pigs etc)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D20.2.A

D20_2_b How many medium-sized livestock? Page 5, D20.2.B

D20_3_a Does your household own any large livestock? (horses, bullocks, cows, yaks, buffaloes)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D20.3.A

D20_3_b How many large livestock? Page 5, D20.3.B

D21_a How many large livestock do you use for agriculture?

Page 5, D21.A

D22_a How many large livestock do you use for transport?

Page 5, D22.A

D23_1_a Does your household own any hand tools for digging/ weeding?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D23.1.A

D23_1_b How many hand tools for digging/ weeding?

Page 5, D23.1.B

D23_2_a Does your household own any hand tools for cutting?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D23.2.A

D23_2_b How many hand-tools for cutting? Page 5, D23.2.B



D23_3_a Does your household own any animal-powered tools/ machinery? (eg. plough)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D23.3.A

D23_3_b How many animal-powered tools? Page 5, D23.3.B

D23_4_a Does your household own any petrol-powered machinery? (eg. tractor)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D23.4.A

D23_4_b How many petrol-powered tools? Page 5, D23.4.B

D24_1_a Does your household own any man-powered vehicles? (eg. bicycle, rickshaw)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D24.1.A

D24_1_b How many man-powered vehicles? Page 5, D24.1.B

D24_2_a Does your household own any petrol-powered vehicles? (eg, motorbike, car)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 5, D24.2.A

D24_2_b How many petrol-powered vehicles? Page 5, D24.2.B

E. Livelihood sources and activities

Each variable is repeated for up to 25 household members. The respondent was asked ‘Did you and other members of your household do any of the following activities to make a living in the past six months?’

E2_[1…25] Engaged in own cultivation, livestock or fishing to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E2

E3_[1…25] Engaged in casual labour (agriculture) to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E3

E4_[1…25] Engaged in casual labour (non-agriculture) to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E4

E5_[1…25] Engaged in selling goods to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E5

E6_[1…25] Engaged in own business to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E6

E7_[1…25] Engaged in private sector job in agriculture/ fishery to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E7

E8_[1…25] Engaged in private sector job (non-agriculture) to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E8

E9_[1…25] Engaged in public sector job to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E9

E10_[1…25] Engaged in paid housework to make a living in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E10



E11_[1…25] Engaged in no paid activity in the past six months

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E11

E12_[1…25] Did any of these activities involve migration inside your country for this person in the past three years?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E12

E13_[1…25] Did any of these activities involve migration to another country for this person in the past three years?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 6, E13

E2[2…13]_sum Number of household members who engaged in given livelihood activity (see E2 to E13) in the past six months

E2[2…13]_dummy Did anyone in the household engage in given livelihood activity (see E2 to E13) in the past six months?

0. No 1. Yes

Migration and remittances

E14 Did your household receive any remittances in the past three years?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 7, E14

E15 Which of the following applies to your household?

0. Remittances are too small to make a difference to my life 1. Remittances help me a bit: I can buy some extra food 2. Remittances help me quite a lot: we are rarely short of food anymore and I can buy some other household items 3. Remittances help me a lot: we are never short of food anymore and I can also pay for school fees or invest in a small business 4. Remittances help me a lot: we improved our house/ bought a new house 5. Other (specify)

Page 7, E15

E15_other Which of the following applies to your household regarding remittances? 'Other' response specified

Page 7, E15

E16 If anyone in your household migrated abroad in the past three years, did they take a loan for this purpose?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 7, E16

E17 How much was the loan (in NPR)? Page 7, E17

Share of livelihood activities to household income



E18_[a…k] Which of these activities makes the biggest contribution to household income? Where: a = Own cultivation/ livestock/ fishing b = Casual labour (agriculture) c = Casual labour (non-agriculture) d = Selling goods e = Own business f = Private sector job (agriculture) g = Private sector job (non-agriculture) h = Public sector job i = Paid housework and childcare j = Remittances k = Social protection transfers

0. No 1. Yes

Page 7, E18a - E18k

Questions about specific activities

E19 In the last agricultural season from April to August 2012 did your household purchase or receive any seeds, fertiliser and pesticides?

1. Yes - seeds, fertiliser and pesticides 2. Yes - but only two of the above 3. Yes - but only one of the above 4. None of the above

Page 8, E19

E20_1 If your household purchased/ received any of these did you…? First response

1. Buy them outright 2. Take a loan or credit to buy them 3. Receive a voucher or gift

Page 8, E20

E20_2 If your household purchased/ received any of these did you…? Second response

Same as above Page 8, E20

E20_3 If your household purchased/ received any of these did you…? Third response


E20_1_dummy If your household purchased/ received any of these did you buy them outright?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E20

E20_2_dummy If your household purchased/ received any of these did you take a loan or credit to buy them?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E20

E20_3_dummy If your household purchased/ received any of these did you receive a voucher or gift?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E20

E21 Did you/ someone else from your household ever experience any problems pursuing your farming activities in the past year?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E21



E22_1 What kind of difficulties did you encounter in pursuing this activity? First response

1. Unable to afford buying sufficient amount of seeds, fertiliser or pesticides 2. Poor quality of/ not enough land 3. Lack of transportation 4. Security (violence/ robbery) 5. Insufficient irrigation water 6. Nowhere to sell 7. Intermediary buyers pay little 8. Can't buy inputs at the right/ expected time 9. Other

Page 8, E22

E22_2 What kind of difficulties did you encounter in pursuing this activity? Second response


E22_3 What kind of difficulties did you encounter in pursuing this activity? Third response


E22_other What kind of difficulties did you encounter in pursuing this activity? 'Other' response specified

Page 8, E22

E22_1_dummy Experienced difficulty: Unable to afford buying sufficient amount of seeds, fertiliser or pesticides

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E22_2_dummy Experienced difficulty: Poor quality of/ not enough land

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E22_3_dummy Experienced difficulty: Lack of transportation

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E22_4_dummy Experienced difficulty: Security (violence/ robbery)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E22_5_dummy Experienced difficulty: Insufficient irrigation water

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E22_6_dummy Experienced difficulty: Nowhere to sell

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E22_7_dummy Experienced difficulty: Intermediary buyers pay little

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E22_8_dummy Experienced difficulty: Can't buy inputs at the right/ expected time

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E22_9_dummy Experienced difficulty: Other 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E22

E23 Did you/ someone else from your household ever experience any problems pursuing business/ trade activities in the past year?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E23



E24_1 What kind of difficulties did you encounter in pursuing this activity? First response

1. Taxes, fees or informal payments are too expensive 2. Difficulty getting permit 3. Lack of transportation for goods and personnel 4. Security (violence/ robbery) 5. Discrimination 6. No access to credit 7. No time 8. Low demand 9. Other

Page 8, E24

E24_2 What kind of difficulties did you encounter in pursuing this activity? Second response


E24_3 What kind of difficulties did you encounter in pursuing this activity? Third response


E24_other What kind of difficulties did you encounter in pursuing this activity? 'Other' response specified

Page 8, E24

E24_1_dummy Experienced difficulty: Taxes, fees or informal payments are too expensive

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E24_2_dummy Experienced difficulty: Difficulty getting permit

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E24_3_dummy Experienced difficulty: Lack of transportation for goods and personnel

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E24_4_dummy Experienced difficulty: Security (violence/ robbery)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E24_5_dummy Experienced difficulty: Discrimination 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E24_6_dummy Experienced difficulty: No access to credit

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E24_7_dummy Experienced difficulty: No time 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E24_8_dummy Experienced difficulty: Low demand 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E24_9_dummy Experienced difficulty: Other 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E24

E25 Do you or any of your household members currently owe money to anyone?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E25

E26_1 To whom do you owe money? First response

1. To formal lender or bank 2. To informal money lender 3. To family/ friends 4. To landlord or employer 5. To savings group

Page 8, E26



E26_2 To whom do you owe money? Second response


E26_3 To whom do you owe money? Third response


E26_4 To whom do you owe money? Fourth response


E26_5 To whom do you owe money? Fifth response


E26_1_dummy Owes money to formal lender or bank

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E26

E26_2_dummy Owes money to informal money lender

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E26

E26_3_dummy Owes money to family/ friends 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E26

E26_4_dummy Owes money to landlord or employer 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E26

E26_5_dummy Owes money to savings group 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E26

E27_1 What did you borrow the money for? First response

1. Productive (eg. to set up a business, buy fertiliser, migrate to seek work) 2. Immediate basic needs 3. Health 4. Education 5. Other

Page 8, E27

E27_2 What did you borrow the money for? Second response


E27_3 What did you borrow the money for? Third response


E27_4 What did you borrow the money for? Fourth response


E27_5 What did you borrow the money for? Fifth response


E27_1_dummy Borrowed money for: Productive needs (eg. to set up a business, buy fertiliser, migrate to seek work)

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E27

E27_2_dummy Borrowed money for: Immediate basic needs

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E27

E27_3_dummy Borrowed money for: Health 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E27

E27_4_dummy Borrowed money for: Education 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E27

E27_5_dummy Borrowed money for: Other 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E27



E27_other What did you borrow the money for? 'Other' response specified

Page 8, E27

E28_1 If you suddenly needed NPR 20,000 to pay for a health treatment, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? First response

1. From formal lender or bank 2. From informal money lender 3. From family/ friends 4. From landlord or employer 5. From savings group

Page 8, E28

E28_2 If you suddenly needed NPR 20,000 to pay for a health treatment, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? Second response


E28_3 If you suddenly needed NPR 20,000 to pay for a health treatment, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? Third response


E28_4 If you suddenly needed NPR 20,000 to pay for a health treatment, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? Fourth response


E28_5 If you suddenly needed NPR 20,000 to pay for a health treatment, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? Fifth response


E28_1_dummy Could borrow from formal lender or bank

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E28

E28_2_dummy Could borrow from informal money lender

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E28

E28_3_dummy Could borrow from family/ friends 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E28

E28_4_dummy Could borrow from landlord or employer

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E28

E28_5_dummy Could borrow from savings group 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E28

E29_1 If you needed NPR 15,000 to pay for starting a small business, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? First response

1. From formal lender or bank 2. From informal money lender 3. From family/ friends 4. From landlord or employer 5. From savings group

Page 8, E29

E29_2 If you needed NPR 15,000 to pay for starting a small business, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? Second response




E29_3 If you needed NPR 15,000 to pay for starting a small business, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? Third response


E29_4 If you needed NPR 15,000 to pay for starting a small business, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? Fourth response


E29_5 If you needed NPR 15,000 to pay for starting a small business, would you be able to borrow money from anyone? Fifth response


E29_1_dummy Could borrow from formal lender or bank

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E29

E29_2_dummy Could borrow from informal money lender

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E29

E29_3_dummy Could borrow from family/ friends 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E29

E29_4_dummy Could borrow from landlord or employer

0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E29

E29_5_dummy Could borrow from savings group 0. No 1. Yes

Page 8, E29

F. Food security

F1_a In the past 30 days how often have you had to: Rely on less preferred and less expensive food?

0. Never 1. Rarely (once or twice) 2. Sometimes (three to ten times) 3. Often (more than ten times) 4. Always (every day)

Page 9, F1a

F1_b In the past 30 days how often have you had to: Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend?

Same as above Page 9, F1b

F1_c In the past 30 days how often have you had to: Limit portion size at mealtimes?

Same as above Page 9, F1c

F1_d In the past 30 days how often have you had to: Restrict consumption by adults in order for small children to eat?

Same as above Page 9, F1d

F1_e In the past 30 days how often have you had to: Reduce number of meals eaten in a day?

Same as above Page 9, F1e



F2 If you have to reduce meals, which household members eat smaller or fewer meals more often?

1. Those that don't work 2. Those that don't go to school 3. Adult women 4. Adult men 5. Adult men and women 6. Female children 7. Male children 8. No difference / all the same 9. Other (specify)

Page 9, F2

F2_other If you have to reduce meals, which household members eat smaller or fewer meals more often? 'Other' response specified

Page 9, F2

F3_a In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any food made from grains?

0. Never 1. Rarely (once or twice) 2. Sometimes (three to ten times) 3. Often (more than ten times) 4. Always (every day)

Page 9, F3a

F3_b In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any food made from root and tubers?

Same as above Page 9, F3b

F3_c In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any pulses?

Same as above Page 9, F3c

F3_d In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any vegetables?

Same as above Page 9, F3d

F3_e In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any fruits?

Same as above Page 9, F3e

F3_F In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any meat or fish?

Same as above Page 9, F3f

F3_g In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any eggs?

Same as above Page 9, F3g

F3_h In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any dairy products?

Same as above Page 9, F3h

F3_i In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any sugar or honey?

Same as above Page 9, F3i

F3_j In the past 30 days, how often have you eaten any oil, fat or butter?

Same as above Page 9, F3j

G. Shocks

G1 In the last three years has there been fighting in this area?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 10, G1



Each variable G2 to G7_to_9_other is repeated for shocks A to M, where: A = Livestock/ crop disease B = Earthquake C = Flood D = Fire in house E = Drought F = Sudden health problem or accident G = Long term health problem H = Death of family member I = Inflation and price hikes J = Loss of job of a household member K = Loss of land/ assets L = Theft of land/ assets M = Other

G2_[a, b, c, ... m] Did anyone in the household experience the shock in the last 3 years?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 10, G2

G3_[a, b, c, ... m] If yes, how many times? Page 10, G3

G4_[a, b, c, ... m] How did your family deal with this? First response

1. Sell assets 2. Use savings 3. Withdrew children from school and sent for work 4. Migration for work 5. Seek bonded/ attached labour 6. Work in wage employment as free labour 7. Borrowing money 8. Eat less/ less preferred food/ wild food 9. Eat seeds 10. Other

Page 10, G4

G5_[a, b, c, ... m] How did your family deal with this? Second response

Same as above Page 10, G5

G6_[a, b, c, ... m] How did your family deal with this? Third response


G4_to_6_other_[a, b, c, ... m]

How did your family deal with this? 'Other' response specified

Page 10, G4 to G6

G7_[a, b, c, ... m] To whom did you turn? First response

1. Friends and relatives 2. Local/ village elders/ chiefs 3. NGOs 4. Government 5. Guthi/ social organisations 6. Other

Page 10, G7

G8_[a, b, c, ... m] To whom did you turn? Second response


G9_[a, b, c, ... m] To whom did you turn? Third response


G7_to_9_other_[a, b, c, ... m]

To whom did you turn? 'Other' response specified

Page 10, G7 to G9

H. Security shocks and justice services



H1 How safe do you feel in your neighbourhood?

1. Very 2. Quite 3. Rather unsafe 4. Not at all safe

Page 11, H1

H2_1 What are the threats in your neighbourhood? First response

1. Robbery/ mugging 2. Kidnap/ abduction 3. Other

Page 11, H2

H2_2 What are the threats in your neighbourhood? Second response

Same as above Page 11, H2

H2_3 What are the threats in your neighbourhood? Third response


H2_4 What are the threats in your neighbourhood? Fourth response


H2_other What are the threats in your neighbourhood? 'Other' response specified

Page 11, H2

H2_1_dummy Threat in neighbourhood: Robbery/mugging

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H2

H2_2_dummy Threat in neighbourhood: Kidnap/ abduction

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H2

H2_3_dummy Threat in neighbourhood: Other 0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H2

H2_4_dummy Threat in neighbourhood: Don't know

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H2

H3 How safe do you feel moving to other places?

1. Very 2. Quite 3. Rather unsafe 4. Not at all safe

Page 11, H3

H4_1 What are the threats moving to other places? First response

1. Robbery/ mugging 2. Kidnap/ abduction 3. Other

Page 11, H4

H4_2 What are the threats moving to other places? Second response


H4_3 What are the threats moving to other places? Third response


H4_4 What are the threats moving to other places? Fourth response


H4_other What are the threats moving to other places? 'Other' response specified

Page 11, H4

H4_1_dummy Threat moving to other places: Robbery/mugging

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H4

H4_2_dummy Threat moving to other places: Kidnap/ abduction

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H4

H4_3_dummy Threat moving to other places: Other 0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H4



H4_4_dummy Threat moving to other places: Don't know

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H4

H5 Are there specific threats faced by women and girls in your area/ village?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H5

H6_1 What specific security threats are faced by women and girls in your area? First response

1. Verbal abuse 2. Rape 3. Sexual assault 4. General assault 5. Kidnapping 6. Other 7. None

Page 11, H6

H6_2 What specific security threats are faced by women and girls in your area? Second response


H6_3 What specific security threats are faced by women and girls in your area? Third response


H6_4 What specific security threats are faced by women and girls in your area? Fourth response


H6_5 What specific security threats are faced by women and girls in your area? Fifth response


H6_6 What specific security threats are faced by women and girls in your area? Sixth response


H6_7 What specific security threats are faced by women and girls in your area? Seventh response


H6_other What specific security threats are faced by women and girls in your area? 'Other' response specified


H6_1_dummy Threat faced by women and girls: Verbal abuse

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H6

H6_2_dummy Threat faced by women and girls: Rape

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H6

H6_3_dummy Threat faced by women and girls: Sexual assault

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H6

H6_4_dummy Threat faced by women and girls: General assault

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H6

H6_5_dummy Threat faced by women and girls: Kidnapping

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H6

H6_6_dummy Threat faced by women and girls: Other

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H6



H6_7_dummy Threat faced by women and girls: None

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H6

H6_8_dummy Threat faced by women and girls: Don't know

0. No 1. Yes

Page 11, H6

H7 - H11 Experience of crime and conflict

Each variable H7 to H9_to_11_other is repeated for crimes A to Q, where: A = Verbal threats B = Theft C = House breaking (burglary) D = Abduction E = Robbery F = Revenge killing G = Murder H = Cattle rustling I = Child abuse J = Land grabbing/ dispossession K = Sexual assault L = Physical attack/ assault M = Torture N = Bonded labour O = Rape P = Disappearance of family members Q = Other

H7_[a, b, c, …q] Did anyone in your household experience this crime in the past 3 years?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 12, H7

H8_[a, b, c, …q] If yes, how many times? Page 12, H8

H9_[a, b, c, …q] How did your family deal with this? First response

1. No point in doing anything 2. Went to court 3. Turned to relative/ friend/ neighbour 4. Turned to police 5. Turned to NGO 6. Turned to community elder 7. Turned to head of the family 8. Turned to an armed group 9. Other (specify)

Page 12, H9

H10_[a, b, c, …q] How did your family deal with this? Second response


H11_[a, b, c, …q] How did your family deal with this? Third response


H9_to_11_other_[a, b, c, …q]

How did your family deal with this? 'Other' response specified

Page 12, H9 - H11

I. Basic services

Health



I1 How long does it take to get to the nearest health clinic that you use? (in minutes)

Page 13, I1

I2 When did you or other household members use this service?

1. In past 7 days 2. In past 30 days 3. In past 6 months 4. In past year 5.More than one year ago

Page 13, I2

I3 How many times in the past year did your household use this service?

[Range from 0 to 360] Page 13, I3

I4 Do you need to pay official fees for using the service?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 13, I4

I5 Do you need to pay any informal payments for using the service?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 13, I5

I6 Who runs the clinic? 1. Government 2. Private 3. Religious organisation 4. NGO 5. Other

Page 13, I6

I6_other Who runs the clinic? 'Other' response specified

Page 13, I6

I7_a Satisfaction with number of qualified personnel

1. Very satisfied 2. Fairly satisfied 3. Neither satisfied nor satisfied 4. Dissatisfied 5. Very dissatisfied

Page 13, I7

I7_b Satisfaction with availability of medicines and equipment

Same as above Page 13, I7

I7_c Satisfaction with waiting time Same as above Page 13, I7

I8 Overall how satisfied are you with the quality of the service on the basis of your most recent use of the clinic?


Water

I9 What is your main source of drinking water?

1. Well 2. Tube well 3. River sources 4. Tap water 5. Purchase bottled water from shops 6. Other

Page 13, I9

I9_other What is your main source of drinking water? 'Other' response specified

Page 13, I9

I10 If not in the house, how long does a return journey to the drinking water access point you use take? (in minutes)

Page 13, I10

I11 Do you have to pay for drinking water?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 13, I11



I12 Who is responsible for your source of drinking water?

1. Government 2. Private/ personal 3. NGO 4. Other

Page 13, I12

I12_other Who is responsible for your source of drinking water? 'Other' response specified

Page 13, I12

I13 How reliable is your drinking water source?

1. Always available 2. Mostly available 3. Sometimes not available 4. Often not available

Page 13, I13

I14 Do you have to queue for drinking water?

0. No 1. Yes, always 2. Yes, sometimes

Page 13, I14

I15 Is your drinking water clean and safe?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 13, I15

Education

Variables I14-I21 are asked separately for the boys and girls in the household.

I16_boys/ girls How far is it to the primary school you use? (in minutes)

Page 14, I16

I17_boys/ girls How regularly do your children attend school?

1. Every school day 2. Most of the time 3. Some of the time 4. Rarely 5. Never

Page 14, I17

I18_boys/ girls Do you need to pay school fees? 0. No 1. Yes

Page 14, I18

I19_boys/ girls Do you need to pay any informal payments?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 14, I19

I20_boys/ girls Who runs the school? 1. Government 2. Private 3. Religious organisation 4. NGO 5. Other

Page 14, I20

I20_other_boys/ girls

Who runs the school? 'Other' response specified

Page 14, I20

I21_a_boys/ girls Satisfaction with number of teachers (teacher: children ratio)

1. Very satisfied 2. Fairly satisfied 3. Neither satisfied nor satisfied 4. Dissatisfied 5. Very dissatisfied

Page 14, I21

I21_b_boys/ girls Satisfaction with quality of teaching staff


I21_c_boys/ girls Satisfaction with teacher attendance Same as above Page 14, I21

I21_d_boys/ girls Satisfaction with class size Same as above Page 14, I21

I21_e_boys/ girls Satisfaction with quality of school infrastructure




I21_f_boys/ girls Satisfaction with quality of equipment


I22 Overall how satisfied are you with the quality of the school service?


I23 Have any of your children quit school before they passed SLC?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 14, I23

I24 If so, why? 1. Poor school management 2. No benefit in continuing girls education 3. Lack of labour force at home 4. Unaffordable 5. Children had to work 6. Quality of education 7. Other

Page 14, I24

I24_other If so, why? ‘Other’ response specified Page 14, I24

J. Social protection

Each variable is repeated for social protection transfers A to I, where: A = Old age allowance B = Single women/ widow allowance C = Disability grant D =Stipend for girls and Dalit children/ students E = Mid-day meal, school uniform, cooking oil for children F = Cash transfers for family whose family member disappeared during conflict G = Cash transfers for family whose family member was killed during conflict H = Scholarship to children of those who family members disappeared or were killed during conflict I = Other

J1_[a, b, c, …i] Have you or any other household member received the transfer in the past year?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 15, J1

J2_[a, b, c, …i] Which of the following statements applies to your experience of accessing the transfer?

0. It's really quick and easy to get it 1. It's a long way to get to the office to apply 2. The paperwork for applying is complicated 3. It's impossible to get it without making a payment

Page 15, J2

J3_[a, b, c, …i] How much should you receive per transfer? (NPR)

Page 15, J3

J4_[a, b, c, …i] How often should you receive the transfer?

1. Monthly 2. Quarterly 3. Annually 4. One-off

Page 15, J4

J5_[a, b, c, …i] Did you receive the right amount of transfer?

1. Yes, always 2. Yes, sometimes 3. No, rarely 4. No, never

Page 15, J5



J6_[a, b, c, …i] Did you receive the transfer on time? 1. Yes, always 2. Yes, sometimes 3. No, rarely 4. No, never

Page 15, J6

J7_[a, b, c, …i] Who provided this transfer? 1. Government 2. National NGO 3. International NGO 4. UN organisation or Donor 5. Religious institution

Page 15, J7

J8_[a, b, c, …i] Which of the following statements applies to your experience of receiving the transfer?

0. The transfer is too small to make a difference to my life 1. The transfer helps me a bit: I can buy some extra food 2. The transfer helps me quite a lot: we are rarely short of food any more and I can buy some other household items 3. The transfer helps me a lot: we are never short of food anymore and I can also pay for school fees or invest in a small business

Page 15, J8

K. Livelihood services

Each variable, K1 - K6, is repeated for livelihood services A to K, where: A = Seeds and tools distribution B = Seed money for revolving fund (saving and credit) C = Agricultural extension D = Fertiliser voucher E = Goats and pigs for income generation F = Skill enhancement training G = Microfinance credit system management H = Teaching women about mobilisation of funds in their area I = Marketing information J. Exposure visit K. Farmers Field School

K1_[a, b, c, …k] Have you or any other household member received the support in the past year?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 16, K1

K2_[a, b, c, …k] Which member of the household received the support?

1. Household head 2. Women 3. Men 4. Boys 5. Girls 6. Elderly (65+) 7. Other

Page 16, K2

K2_other_[a, b, c, …k]

Which member of the household received the support? 'Other' response specified

Page 16, K2



K3_[a, b, c, …k] Who provided this service/ transfer? 1. Government 2. National NGO 3. International NGO 4. UN organisation or Donor 5. Religious institution

Page 16, K3

K4_[a, b, c, …k] Did you receive the service/ transfer on time?

1. Yes, it came at the right time for my agricultural activities 2. No, it came at the wrong time

Page 16, K4

K5_[a, b, c, …k] Did the service/ transfer improve your agricultural production/ other livelihood activity?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 16, K5

K6_[a, b, c, …k] If not, why not 1. It didn't meet my requirements 2. It came too late 3. It was poor quality 4 Other

Page 16, K6

L. Governance

Accountability and responsiveness

Each variable, L1 - L5 is repeated for services A to F, where: A = Health B = Education C = Water D = Social protection E = Livelihood services F = Other (specify)

L1_[a…f] Did you experience a problem with the service over the past year?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 17, L1

L2_[a…f] Is there an official way to make a complaint or raise a grievance?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 17, L2

L3_[a…f] Did you report it or make a complaint?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 17, L3

L4_[a…f] To whom did you make your complaint or grievance?

1. Local government 2. Members of the community 3. International agency 4. Local NGO 5. Religious institution 6. Private provider 7. Political parties

Page 17, L4

L5_[a…f] Did the service provider respond to your complaint?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 17, L5

Participation in local decision-making processes

Each variable, L6 - L11 is repeated for services 1 to 6, where: 1 = Health 2 = Education 3 = Water 4 = Social protection 5 = Livelihood services 6 = Other (specify)



L6_[1…6] In the last 12 months has there been a community meeting about new projects or activities in… [service]?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 17, L6

L7_[1…6] Have you participated in a community meeting about [the service] in the past 12 months?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 17, L7

L8_[1…6] Who called the meeting? 1. Local chief 2. Government official 3. Local extension worker 4. Health worker 5. NGO 6. Religious leader 7. Community groups/ organisations 8. Other (specify)

Page 17, L8

L8_other_[1…6] Who called the meeting? 'Other' response specified

Page 17, L8

L9_[1…6] Why did you not attend? 1. Not invited 2. Not informed about meeting 3. No time to attend 4. Not interested 5. Dominated by local elites 6. Women do not attend such meetings 7. Other (specify)

Page 17, L9

L9_other_[1…6] Why did you not attend? 'Other' response specified

Page 17, L9

L10_[1…6] Has anyone consulted you in another way about how local services during the past 12 months?

0. No 1. Yes

Page 17, L10

L11_[1…6] If yes, whom? 1. Teachers 2. Health workers 3. Relatives/ neighbours/ friends 4. School-going children 5. Mother's group representative 6. Youth club representative 7. Media 8. Other (specify)

Page 17, L11

L11_other_[1…6] If yes, whom? 'Other' response specified

Page 17, L11

Views of local and central government



L12 To what extent do you feel that the decisions of those in power at the local government reflect your own priorities? (Note: Local government refers to the elected officials. it includes the local bodies: Village Development Committee and District Development Committee, regulated by Local Self Governance Act 1999)

1. Never 2. Almost never 3. Only in some areas 4. To a large extent 5. Completely

Page 18, L12

L13 Do you agree with the following statement: The local government cares about my opinions.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 18, L13

L14 To what extent do you feel that the decisions of those in power at the central government reflect your own priorities?

1. Never 2. Almost never 3. Only in some areas 4. To a large extent 5. Completely

Page 18, L14

L15 Do you agree with the following statement: The central government cares about my opinions.

0. No 1. Yes

Page 18, L15

nepal slrc baseline survey codebook

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