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Music Therapists' Use of Songs in Spanish:Song Suggestions in Music TherapyFacebook GroupsChristian Gabriel Vélez Rodríguez

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FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF MUSIC

MUSIC THERAPISTS’ USE OF SONGS IN SPANISH: SONG SUGGESTIONS IN MUSIC

THERAPY FACEBOOK GROUPS

By

CHRISTIAN G. VÉLEZ-RODRÍGUEZ

A Thesis submitted to the College of Music

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

Master of Music

2020

ii

Christian G. Vélez-Rodríguez defended this thesis on July 14, 2020.

The members of the supervisory committee were:

Lori F. Gooding

Professor Directing Thesis

Kimberly VanWeelden

Committee Member

Jayne M. Standley

Committee Member

The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and

certifies that the thesis has been approved in accordance with university requirements.

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. iv Abstract ............................................................................................................................................v 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................1 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE .....................................................................................................3 3. METHODS ...............................................................................................................................10 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ...............................................................................................13 APPENDICES ...............................................................................................................................40 A. NOTIFICATION OF NOT HUMAN RESEARCH DETERMINATION ...............................40 B. POSTS REQUESTING MUSIC ...............................................................................................42 C. POSTS SUGGESTING MUSIC ...............................................................................................62 References ......................................................................................................................................71 Biographical Sketch .......................................................................................................................77

iv

LIST OF TABLES

1 Song suggestions made within Facebook groups. ...................................................................15 2 Artist suggestions made within Facebook groups. ..................................................................29 3 Genre suggestions made within Facebook groups. ..................................................................33 4 Resource suggestions made within Facebook groups. .............................................................35

v

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of songs in Spanish by music therapists

according to song suggestions within music therapy Facebook groups. A content analysis of 84

posts and 487 comments from two music therapy Facebook groups was completed. A total of

304 songs in Spanish, 75 artists, 23 genres, and 32 resources were identified. Suggestions were

aimed at a variety of age groups, and for hospital, hospice, and unspecified settings. Music

therapy professionals are using and looking for suggestions of music in Spanish to use with their

Spanish-speaking clients. Further research is needed to develop repertoire lists aimed at Spanish-

speaking clients to assist music therapy professionals and students working with these

populations, as well as music therapists’ use of social media platforms for collaboration and

sharing of information.

1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Between the years 2005 and 2011 the percentage of individuals who spoke Spanish

language in the United States grew from 12% to 12.9% of the total population (Ryan, 2011). As

of 2018 the Hispanic population in the United States was 59.9 million, representing 18.3% of the

total population (Alonzo, 2019). This number is projected to nearly double by the year 2060

(Vespa, Medina, & Armstrong, 2020). Tallahassee Memorial Healthcare’s 2019 Community

Health Needs Assessment Report showed that cultural and linguistic competence is an important

aspect of what healthcare means to the Latino population in the area, but cultural and linguistic

competence is also considered a barrier to accessing healthcare (2019). The American Music

Therapy Association (AMTA) Professional Competencies (AMTA, 2013) include demonstrating

knowledge and respect for all cultural backgrounds and awareness of the influence of race and

ethnicity on the therapeutic process. Lack of cultural competence may result in Hispanic

individuals not receiving appropriate care, even in music therapy services (Vandervoort, 2017).

Therefore, it is important for music therapists to be aware of their clients’ cultural background

and to be competent in interacting with a culture other than their own.

While the use of songs is only one aspect of making music therapy relevant to a specific

culture, having a repertoire appropriate for Hispanic or Spanish speaking cultures is an important

step to take when striving to provide culturally competent services for Spanish speaking clients.

Research on song repertoire used by music therapists seems to be mostly focused on geriatric or

older client populations, corresponding with the aging Baby Boomer population (Vespa, 2020).

Studies have primarily focused on songs used in hospice care (Cevasco & VanWeelden, 2009;

Pierce, 2011; VanWeelden & Cevasco, 2007, 2009), with only one study focusing on Mexican

families with family members in hospice care (McQueen, 2017). The growing Spanish-speaking

population in the US, along with the limited research on use of songs in Spanish by music

therapists, suggests that there is a need for research about this population, particularly in regard

to appropriate repertoire. Current and relevant repertoire in Spanish would allow music therapists

professionals and students to prepare to meet the needs of a wider range of clients (Stock, 2009;

Goelst, 2016). Cahoon (2018) found that, while music therapists felt prepared to work with a

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diverse clientele after graduation, most stated they did not have a specific class addressing

multicultural competence.

Social media websites like Facebook have been useful for music therapists to ask

questions, share resources, advertise businesses, advocate for the profession, and networking

with other professionals (Bates, 2014). Over 70 Facebook groups have been created in the last

decade for music therapy professionals and students to easily interact, share information, and ask

questions to the community within those groups (Murakami, 2020). In fact, social media sources

like blogs have become an accepted way for music therapists to share information and

collaborate (Robertson, 2016). However, there does not appear to be any research on how music

therapists share information about songs in Spanish. Identifying what repertoire is being used in

clinical settings may be helpful to music therapy students and instructors in repertoire

development (Standley & Jones, 2007). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate

the use of songs in Spanish by music therapists according to song suggestions within music

therapy Facebook groups. Specifically, this study aimed to analyze content regarding songs in

Spanish found in music therapy Facebook groups and create a list of songs suggestions, along

with details of the type of population the songs have been used with. The research questions

were as follows:

1. What songs in Spanish, artists, and genres are being suggested within music

therapy Facebook groups to be used with Spanish-speaking clients?

2. What are the specific populations and age groups the songs are being used with?

3. What resources regarding songs in Spanish are being shared within the music

therapy Facebook groups?

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Use of Patient Preferred Music in Music Therapy

Individual client preference is thought to be the most important factor in ensuring music

will have the desired effect (Standley & Jones). Standley and Jones (2007) considered relevant

song choice and musically sophisticated presentation to be important. Familiar or preferred

music is considered best practice over new music when selecting appropriate music for

procedural support music therapy, and familiar/preferred music is thought to carry positive

associations and improve mood and enjoyment (Yinger et al., 2014). Music therapists from the

United States and various European countries were surveyed and interviewed about the music

therapy profession in their respective countries (Osher, 2012). These music therapists considered

music styles that patients preferred as the most beneficial. Chason (2014) surveyed college

students who observed excerpts of music therapists’ live performances of familiar popular songs.

Their overall preference of the music therapists’ performances seemed to be more related to their

perceptions of the music therapists’ singing and expressiveness than to the performance’s

similarity to the original recorded song. The author noted that while clients in a music therapy

session may be more forgiving than participants in the study, music therapists should aim for the

best performance quality and presence to promote better outcomes with clients. Music selections

that produce emotional reactions, such as chills, shivers, tears, and crying, are considered by

individuals to have higher meaningfulness than music selections that do not produce emotional

reactions or music associated with laughter or smiling (Craig, 2009).

Bruestle (2015) compared physiological measures of arousal and perceived relaxation in

undergraduate students before and after listening to preferred general music selections, preferred

relaxing music selections, or non-preferred music. The author found that perceived relaxation

increased within both preferred general music and preferred relaxing music groups and decreased

in the non-preferred music group. Interestingly, physiological measures showed a decrease in

arousal among the three groups. Although the author acknowledged their study did not reflect a

music therapy session, they suggested their study supports the use of patient preferred music in

music therapy. They also suggested the use of verbal feedback and behaviors form the patient to

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determine effectiveness of music for relaxation. Significant positive correlation was found

between music preference and degree of perceived relaxation among music therapists and

healthy adult groups, as well as between familiarity with the music and perceived relaxation in

healthy adults (Tan et al., 2012). Music therapists can assist older cardiac rehabilitation patients

in selecting individualized music to promote participation in healthy physical activity (Clark et

al., 2016). The authors emphasized that credentialed music therapists are especially equipped for

this because of their knowledge of physiological and subjective considerations in designing

music listening interventions.

Patients who completed physical therapy exercises with preferred recorded music seemed

to present with similar heart rate averages, reduced pain, increased total capacity of exercise, and

increased enjoyment during exercise, although differences were not significant when compared

to the control group without music (Piercy, 2008). Patient preferred recorded music in this study

consisted of playlist of one hour of music created based on the patient’s favorite songs listed

prior to the beginning of the study. Music preferences of asthma patients seemed to be linked to

not only personality, sex, age, and mood of listeners, but also the nature of symptoms and

periodic exacerbation (Sliwka et al., 2018). The use of recorded music may be more beneficial

than live music when addressing communication and counseling need of older adults with mild

to moderate dementia (Selvarajah, 2013). However, both preferred recorded music and preferred

live music were effective at reducing problem behaviors and increasing positive behaviors in

individuals with dementia during assisted bathing, compared to no music during the procedure

(Hagerty, 2015). For procedures that may intrude on a patient’s privacy, the author suggested

recorded music should be used first and that live music to be introduced later if recorded music

not was effective upon assessment.

Patient preferred live music was significantly more effective than patient preferred

recorded music and baseline measurements in eliciting alert states of hospice patients who were

not responding to vocal stimulation (Segall, 2007). Patient preferred live music seemed to be

effective for improving mood and pain in patients on a cardiovascular unit (Selle & Silverman,

2017). In Ferrer’s (2007) study, patients who received familiar live music during chemotherapy

treatment showed significant improvement on measures of anxiety, fear, fatigue, relaxation, and

diastolic blood pressure when compared to a control group that did not have music therapy

during treatment. No significant differences in heart rate and systolic blood pressure were found.

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Selle and Silverman (2020) investigated patient perceptions of music therapy through

patient preferred live music. They identified four themes within patient responses about the

benefits of patient preferred live music. This intervention was perceived as: 1) providing comfort

and relaxation in the hospital, 2) reducing challenging experiences of anxiety, boredom and loss

of control, 3) evoking memories and connecting to the past, and 4) providing human connection

and emotional support. The author’s suggested that the live performance may be a more

significant factor than a patient’s preference of a specific song in the therapeutic impact of the

music presented. While Robb’s (2003) contextual support model focused on increase coping

behaviors in stressful hospitalizations, Selle and Silverman (2020) argued that it applied to music

selection in that the elements of structure, autonomy, and involvement are also inherent

components in patient-preferred live music.

Cultural Competency in Music Therapy

An international survey of music therapy practice asked participants about the importance

and impact of a global music therapy certificate (Kern & Tague, 2017). Among the pros of a

global music therapy certificate, respondents mentioned that it would help with understanding

cultural and social impacts of music. Other respondents mentioned a need for respect of cultural

traditions and practices from all regions of the world as a possible issue. Music therapists have a

unique opportunity through music to make client’s and families’ culture a part of sessions and

their healthcare (Field, 2014; Goelst, 2016). Field (2014) considered that developing one’s

cultural competency as a clinician is a first step that facilitates supervision of music therapy

interns in regard to cultural issues. Surveyed hospice music therapists mentioned multicultural

issues such as culture and religion difference in end of life care come up in their practice

(Wolverton, 2012). As part of the assessment process, music therapists are encouraged to realize

their own cultural bias and preferences in music choices, and to identify cultural influences in the

client’s music preferences (Hanser, 2018).

Hadley and Norris (2016) believed that by becoming skillful in music from various

cultures without first becoming socially and politically aware regarding culture, music therapists

may contribute to client’s cultural stress, harm the therapeutic relationship and hinder the

therapeutic process. They further explained to become a culturally competent music therapist,

three steps in transformational learning are necessary: 1) self-awareness, 2) cultural knowledge,

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and 3) development of culturally relevant skills. They stated that transformational learning must

begin prior to gaining musical cultural competencies to avoid using instruments or musical forms

inappropriately. Hadley and Norris (2016) also noted that music therapy training programs often

require students to have training in Western classical music, and that efforts to teach

multicultural music are sometimes limited to a single course, given by an instructor that does not

pertain to the cultures the music originates from.

Moreno (1988) stated “Remembering that no one music is a universal language, this

writer believes that music therapists should have a general familiarity and working knowledge of

the music of representative world culture areas” (p. 18). They suggest that, similar to learning

basic foreign words or phrases to communicate and build rapport with someone who speaks a

different language, music therapists should have the ability to use musical languages from other

cultures to achieve similar goals. International music therapy students may experience higher

levels of acculturative stress (Kim, 2011). Language barriers and cultural distance affect stress

and education of international music therapy students. Survey respondents indicated that English

language proficiency in academic settings, social situations and daily life was the most

significant source of stress. This may indicate that incorporating repertoire in languages other

than English within music therapy training may also beneficial for international students,

particularly if music in their native language is used.

Need for Songs in Spanish in Music Therapy Repertoire

Musical repertoire building was considered the most helpful aspect of music therapy

curriculum among surveyed hospice music therapists (Wolverton, 2012). Fifty-three percent of

respondents in this study also considered that musical repertoire should receive more emphasis in

college coursework. Goelst (2016) developed a manual on culture sensitivity in music therapy

practice, with suggestions about music therapy techniques that would best promote responses

from clients of African American, Asian American, Latina/o, Arab American, and LGBTQ

cultures. The author suggested music therapists should have repertoire in Spanish ready to use

and should become familiar with traditional and popular songs from the different ethnicities

within Latino culture. They also suggested one of the biggest issue when working with Latino

clients is language barrier.

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Baker and Grocke (2009) suggested that building repertoire in other languages should be

emphasized in music therapy training programs and that it should be part of the competencies of

the Australian Music Therapy Association. In their study, survey respondents identified factors

that impacted their rapport building with culturally and linguistically diverse clients including

language barriers, cultural empathy, uneasiness when speaking in English among some cultural

groups, use of culturally appropriate greetings and use of words in the clients’ native language

(Baker & Grocke, 2009). These survey respondents indicated that they would use non-language

activities to compensate when language barriers affected their rapport with their clients (Baker &

Grocke, 2009). They found an incidence of 20% of songs in languages other than English among

Australian music therapists. The authors found surprising that VanWeelden and Cevasco’s

(2007) study, which was focused in the United States, had a smaller incidence of 2% songs in

languages other than English (Baker & Grocke, 2009).

Stock (2009) found that bilingual music therapy resulted in higher improvement scores

than English-only music therapy in expressive language in children learning English. Stock

(2009) pointed to the Silverman and Hairston (2005) and Silverman (2007) studies to support the

use of bilingual music therapy in clinical practice. In both studies, over 80% of respondents

reported they were not bilingual, while 40% in Silverman & Hairston (2005) and 58.2% in

Silverman (2007) reported working with non-English speaking clients. Silverman (2005)

considered it an advantage to be a bilingual therapist because of the growing non-English

speaking population in the United States. Moreno (1988) stated that music therapists should learn

the basics of a variety of musical languages and traditions to apply them in clinical practice, and

that these can be quickly learned. While Stock (2009) considers Moreno’s (1988) suggestion of

having basic knowledge of a wide variety or representative world music genres to be a noble

goal, they suggest therapists should focus on the predominant minority cultures that they may

serve most often.

Music promotes language exposure and development in the NICU (Standley &

Walworth, 2010). Results of research of a protocol for sustained live or recorded music

intervention, used for infants at least 28 weeks of gestational age, indicated a preference for the

use of the infant’s native language to promote language development (Standley & Walworth,

2010). The authors pointed out that lullabies of all cultures promote language development and

meet criteria necessary to be used with premature infants (Standley & Walworth, 2010). Music

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therapy genre repertoire recommendations from top hit charts were used to generate genre list for

a study of the use of patient preferred music during ambulance transport (Myers, 2013). Genre

recommendations for songs in Spanish could better inform this type of research by broadening

the scope of patient preferred music available. McQueen (2017) surveyed the families of hospice

patients from Spanish speaking countries who received music therapy and found that 42%

considered that music therapists’ use of American music to be not important, and 78%

considered the use of music from their home country to be very important. Interestingly,

Komiyama (2005) suggests some clients and students born outside of the United States may be

acculturated to American or traditional Western music and that music educators and music

therapists should make sure to assess for clients’ and students’ preferences for a variety of styles

of music instead of assuming a preference for music of their native countries. While

Komiyama’s (2005) study focused on clients from Asian cultures, music therapists’ working

with Spanish-speaking clients should remember to assess clients individually to determine their

level of preference for music from their country of origin, music from other Spanish-speaking

countries, and music from outside of the clients culture.

Use of Social Media in the Music Therapy Profession

Music therapists share information through blog, podcasts, Facebook Groups, LinkedIn,

Pinterest, Skype, YouTube, e-books, online journals, and other methods (Wheeler, 2015). Before

the creation of some of those popular websites, Johnson et al. (2003) studied the effectiveness of

internet search engines to provide access to appropriate information about music therapy.

Possible interactions opportunities for music therapists on social media networking sites may

include clients, students, interns, employers, other professionals, and general public (Wheeler,

2015). Blog posts about music therapy research seemed to produce an overall improvement in

primary care giver’s awareness of music therapy services in the neonatal intensive care unit

(Robertson, 2016). Although the author did not find music therapy blogs aimed at subspecialty

physicians, they acknowledged the existing music therapy blogs about research, business

development, and current trends in music therapy practice.

Using YouTube as a networking site may be beneficial to the music therapy profession,

be it by using links to videos on professional websites or by using videos for teaching and

presenting about music therapy (Gooding & Gregory, 2011; Gregory & Gooding, 2013).

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Thoughtful use of social media websites and care for the accuracy of content is emphasized

(Gregory and Gooding, 2012; Johnson et al., 2003). A study about music therapists’ use of

Facebook groups was not found in the literature; however an analysis of a closed Facebook

group of occupational therapists showed that professionals use the group for collaboration,

sharing knowledge, and social support (Sheffield, 2019). Given the lack of information on how

music therapists use social media platforms, the purpose of this study was to investigate the use

of songs in Spanish by music therapists on the social media platform Facebook. Spanish song

suggestions posted in music therapy Facebook groups were analyzed for content along with

details of the type of population the songs have been used with. The research questions were as

follows:

1. What songs in Spanish, artists, and genres are being suggested within music

therapy Facebook groups to be used with Spanish-speaking clients?

2. What are the specific populations and age groups the songs are being used with?

3. What resources regarding songs in Spanish are being shared within the music

therapy Facebook groups?

10

CHAPTER 3

METHODS

Facebook Groups

The author reviewed four Facebook groups for possible inclusion in the analysis. They

were: 1) Latin MT Network Community, 2) Music in Spanish: Resources for Music Therapists, 3)

Music Therapists of California, and 4) Sunshine State Music Therapists. In order for a Facebook

group to be considered for this paper the groups had to: 1) be used by music therapy

professionals and students, 2) be focused on the use of Spanish or on a geographical area where

music therapists may encounter a larger number of Hispanic clients, and 3) contain posts about

songs in Spanish. Although the Latin MT Network Community group contained information

relevant to music therapy practice with Hispanic clients, it was excluded from this paper because

the administrator of the group directed users to the Music in Spanish: Resources for Music

Therapists group if they had questions about repertoire (Latin American Music Therapy

Network, 2018). The Music Therapists of California did not have any posts about music in

Spanish. Therefore, the Facebook groups included in the analysis were Music in Spanish:

Resources for Music Therapists, and Sunshine State Music Therapists.

These Facebook groups were set as “private” and “visible”. When a Facebook group is

set as “private”, it means only users who are members of the group can see what was posted in

the group and what other users are members of that group. To be a member of a private group,

you must use an active Facebook profile or page, and must request to be a member by clicking

the “join” button next to the group’s name. When a Facebook group is set as “visible”, it means

any user who searches for the group can find it and ask to join as a member. I was a member of

both groups at the beginning of this study.

Procedure

A descriptive analysis of Facebook posts in two Facebook groups was conducted to

analyze content regarding songs in Spanish found in music therapy Facebook groups. The

groups, Music in Spanish: Resources for Music Therapists and Sunshine State Music Therapists,

were accessed through the mobile version of the website using the desktop Safari 13 web

11

browser software on a MacBook Pro computer. Using the mobile version of the website hid

irrelevant features of the website, such as side bars, and made the posts the main feature visible,

facilitating the process of reviewing the content within the groups. To avoid potential issues with

access to internet connection, I scrolled through each group until all post from 2015 and later

were visible and used the “Export as PDF…” feature on the web browser for offline access to the

groups. This resulted in two PDF files with previews of each post with some functional links.

Posts previews that were considered for this paper were accessed through the links in the PDF

files. All comments within a post were made visible and the “Export as PDF…” feature was used

for offline access to posts and comments within each post.

Inclusion Criteria

Posts were included in the analysis if the original poster (OP) requested suggestions of

songs in Spanish or suggested a song in Spanish. Included posts also had to be posted between

January 1st, 2015 and April 30th, 2020. Posts in which the OP specified that the songs were not

going to be used in a music therapy setting were excluded. Posts were also excluded if the OP’s

intended use of the songs was unclear or ambiguous.

Data Analysis

For posts that requested songs, the following information was analyzed:

• Link to original post

• Facebook group where it was published

• Date it was published

• Population and/or setting for which the OP intended to use the songs

• Format in which they intended to use the songs (live, recorded, specific

instrument, printed, etc.)

• Genre the OP requested

• Country of origin of the clients for whom the OP intended to use the songs

• Songs the OP mentioned in their request (“songs similar to…”)

• Type of intervention for which the OP intended to use the songs

• Type of theme the OP requested

• Total number of comments in the post

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• Song titles suggested in the comments

• Artists suggested in the comments

• Genres or styles suggested in the comments

• Interventions to use a song with suggested in the comments

• Populations and/or settings with whom a commenter had used a song before

• Websites or tools suggested in the comments

For posts that suggested songs, the following information was analyzed:

• Link to original post

• Facebook group where it was published

• Date it was published

• Total number of comments in the post

• Song titles suggested in the post and/or comments

• Artists suggested in the post and/or comments

• Genres or styles suggested in the post and/or comments

• Interventions to use a song with suggested in the post and/or comments

• Populations and/or settings with whom the OP and/or commenter had used a song

before

• Websites or tools suggested in the post and/or comments

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CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A total of 84 posts and 487 comments were analyzed in this paper. Only one post (1.2%)

and three comments (0.6%) were from the Sunshine State Music Therapists group, while 83

posts (98.8%) and 484 comments (99.4%) were from the Music in Spanish: Resources for Music

Therapists group. There were 45 posts (53.6%) in which the original poster (OP) requested songs

and 39 posts (46.4%) in which the OP suggested songs. There were 387 comments (79.4%)

within the posts that requested songs, and 100 comments (20.5%) within the posts that suggested

songs.

Songs, Artists, And Genres Suggested

A total of 438 songs suggestions were made within the posts and 304 individual songs

were identified. The total number of songs suggested and the number of individuals songs

differed because 62 individual songs were suggested more than once (see Table 1). A total of

107 artist suggestions were made within posts and 75 individual artists were identified. The total

number of artist suggestions and the number of individual artists differed because 13 artists were

suggested more than once (see Table 2). A total of 32 genre suggestions were made within posts

and 23 individual genres were identified. The total number of genre suggestions and the number

of individual genres differed because five genres were suggested more than once (see Table 3).

Resources Suggested

A total of 37 resource suggestions were made within posts and 32 individual resources

were identified. The total number of resource suggestions and the number of individual resources

differed because five resources were suggested more than once. Eight types of resources were

identified within posts: website (n = 12), book (n = 9), Facebook video (n = 4), online document

(n = 3), YouTube video (n = 4), image (n = 2), blog post (n = 2), Spotify playlist (n = 1) (see

Table 4).

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Settings and Populations

The following settings were identified within posts: hospital, hospice, and general or

setting not specified. Within posts that mentioned hospital settings, the following ages groups

were identified: young children / children’s hospital, parents, young / young adults, and general

or age group not specified. Within posts that mentioned hospice settings, the following age

groups were identified: adults / older adults, and age group not specified. Within posts that did

not specify a setting, the following age groups were identified: early childhood / children, teens /

young adults, adults, older adults, and age group not specified. Countries that were mentioned in

the posts included: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic,

Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, Spain, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4

indicate settings, age groups, countries, and genres that were associated with the individual

suggestions identified. Individual suggestions were associated with settings, countries, and

genres when these were specified in the suggestions, or when the suggestions were made within

a posts that mentioned those characteristics.

Discussion

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of songs in Spanish by music

therapists according to song suggestions within music therapy Facebook groups. The results

revealed that discussion about songs in Spanish in music therapy has mostly taken place within a

Facebook group that was created for that specific topic: Music in Spanish: Resources for Music

Therapists. It is worth noting that this Facebook group was the only music therapy group

identified by Murakami (2020) to be about a specific language. Results from this study suggest

that music therapists are using social media platforms like Facebook to exchange information,

much like the findings from the study of the use of a close Facebook group by occupational

therapists for collaboration, sharing knowledge, and social support (Sheffield, 2019).

Song suggestions were often accompanied by artist, genre, and resource suggestions.

Regarding song, artist, genre and resource suggestions, results revealed that music therapists are

in fact using and making requests for songs in Spanish to add to their repertoire and are using

these to suggestions for a variety of populations and for clients from a variety of countries. The

songs, artists, and genres that were suggested more than once represented around 20% of

suggestions in each category. This may indicate that most songs, artists, and genres suggested

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Table 1. Song suggestions made within Facebook Groups.

Song Title Artist Related Country(s) Related genre(s) Suggested setting(s) Suggested age group(s) Times suggested

A Dios le pido – Mexico – Hospital Parents 1

A Dios Sea La Gloria – Dominican Republic Hymn Hospice Adults / Older Adults 1

A La Huella A La Huella

(Peregrinación)

Felix Luna Argentina Christmas – – 1

A mi burro le duele la cabeza – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

A Mi Manera / My Way – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru – – Older Adults 1

A Tajitos de Caña Juan Fernando

Velasco (written

by Hernán

Sotomayor)

Ecuador – – Older Adults

1

ABCs in Spanish – – – Hospital – 1

Adrenalina Jennifer Lopez – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Al Mundo Paz / Joy to the

World

– – Christmas – – 1

Alabaré – Cuba, Caribbean islands,

Dominican Republic

Hymn, Religious Hospice Adults, Older Adults 3

Alegre Vengo – – Christmas Hospice – 1

Algo está cayendo aquí José Luis Reyes Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Allá en el Rancho Grande – Mexico Rancheras – Older Adults 2

Alma Llanera – Venezuela – – – 1

Alma Misionera – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Alma, Corazón y Vida (4) – Peru, Venezuela, Colombia Old Mexican songs,

Peruvian waltzes

– Older Adults 4

Amarga Navidad – – Christmas Hospice – 1

Amarraditos – Peru Peruvian watlz – – 1

Amor de Mis Amores – Puerto Rico – – Older Adults 1

Amor Eterno Rocío Dúrcal – Dia de los Muertos

(Holiday)

– – 2

Amor Prohibido Selena – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Amor que no me dejarás – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

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Table 1 – continued


Angeles cantando están / Gloria

In Excelsis Deo


Antes de las Seis Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Antología Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Aprender a volar Patricia Sosa – – – – 1

Aquellos Ojos Verdes – Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Arepitas – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Arroz con leche me quiero

casar

– – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Así soy yo La Tortuga Colombia – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Ave que emigra Gaby Moreno – – – – 1

Ay Jalisco No Te Rajes – Mexico – – Older Adults 1

Bachata Rosa Juan Luis Guerra – – – – 2

Barquito de Papel – Cuba – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Bendita La Luz Mana – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Bésame mucho – Colombia, Dominican

Republic, Peru, Mexico,

Venezuela, Costa Rica,

Ecuador

Old Mexican songs,

Boleros

Hospital, Hospice Older Adults

9

Bidi Bidi Bom Bom Selena Mexico – Hospital Young / Young Adults, Older

Adults 2

Brubujas de amor Juan Luis Guerra

– – – 1

Bruta Ciega Sordomuda Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Caballo Viejo – Venezuela – – Older Adults 1

Cabeza hombro rodilla pies /

Head shoulder knees and

toes

– – – – Early Childhood / Children

1

Cabeza, hombros, rodillas, pies – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Calma Pedro Capó,

Farruko

– Pop music – Early Childhood / Children 2

17



Caminante – Dominican Republic,

Colombia, Venezuela,

Peru

Hymn Hospice Adults, Older Adults

2

Campana de Belen – – Christmas – – 1

Campana sobre campana – Mexico Christmas Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Canción de Sanidad Juan Luis Guerra Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Canta ranita canta Un Bosque

Encantado

– Lullaby Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Cascabel – Mexico Christmas Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Celebra la vida Axel – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Cerca de Ti Señor – Dominican Republic Hymn Hospice Adults / Older Adults 1

Cheki Morena Cheki – Puerto Rico – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Cielito Lindo (8) – Mexico, Peru, Costa Rica,

Ecuador

Old Mexican songs,

Boleros, Rancheras,

Dia de los Muertos

(Holiday)

Hospital, Hospice Older Adults

8

Cielo Rojo – Mexico Traditional mariachi – Older Adults 1

Colombia Tierra Querida – Colombia Traditional folk – – 1

Color Esperanza Diego Torres – – Hospital Young Children / Children 2

Como Abeja Al Panal Juan Luis Guerra – – – – 1

Como La Flor Selena Mexico – Hospital Young / Young Adults, Older

Adults 2

Cómo no creer en Dios – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Con mis manos levantadas Danilo Montero Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Contigo En La Distancia – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru – – Older Adults 1

Contigo Peru – Peru Old Mexican songs,

Peruvian waltzes

– Older Adults 1

Cristo me ama / Jesus Loves

Me

– Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

18



Cuand Grande Es Él / How

Great Thou Art (4)

– Colombia, Venezuela, Peru,

Cuba, Caribbean islands,

Dominican Republic

Religious, hymn Hospital, Hospice Adults, Older Adults

4

Cuando Salí de Cuba Luis Aguilé Cuba – – – 1

Cucurrucucu Paloma (3) – Peru, Mexico Old Mexican songs,

Boleros, Rancheras

– Older Adults 3

Dale Alegría a mi corazón Fito Páez Mexico – Hospital Parents 1

Dame La Mano Paloma – Puerto Rico Christmas – – 1

Danza Kuduro – – – Hospital – 1

De Colores (8) – Domincan Republic, Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Early Childhood, Children,

Young Chidlren, Older Adults 8

De Ellos Aprendí Davir Rees – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Debajo de un botón – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Debajo del boton – – – Hospital – 1

Debajo Un Botón Alina Celeste – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Despacito – – – Hospital – 1

Detras de mi ventana Yuri – 80s – – 1

Dios esta aquí (tan cierto como

el aire que respiro)

– Cuba, Caribbean islands,

Puerto Rico, Dominican

Republic

Religious, hymn Hospice Older Adults

2

Dios Te Salvé María Juan Sosa Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Donde Estás Corazón Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Dormite Marta Gómez – Lullaby Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Dos Arbolitos Aida Cuevas Mexico Rancheras – Older Adults 2

Dos Gardenias Para Ti Buena Vista Social

Club


Republic

– – Older Adults 1

Dos manitas, diez deditos – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Drume Negrita – Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Échame La Culpa Luis Fonsi, Demi

Lovato


19



El Alcatraz – Peru – – Older Adults 1

El Amor De Dios Es

Maravilloso

– Bolivia – – Early Childhood / Children 1

El Baile de las manos – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

El caballo verde – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

El Camino de la Vida Hector Ochoa

Cárdenas

Colombia – – – 1

El Campo Está Florido – Venezuela – – Older Adults 1

El Cantor de Fonseca Jorge Oñate Colombia Vallenato (Colombian

folk)

– Adults 2

El Chico del Apartamento 512 Selena – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

El Cóndor Pasa – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 5

El Día Que Me Quieras – Puerto Rico – – Older Adults 1

El Juego de la Alegría – Colombia – – Early Childhood / Children 1

El moustro de la laguna Canticuentos – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

El Niño del Tambor – Mexico Christmas Hospital Young Children / Children 1

El Niño Dios ha nacido – Argentina Christmas – – 1

El Plebeyo – Peru Peruvian waltz, Old

Mexican songs

– Older Adults 2

El Pollito Amarillito – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

El Reloj – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru – Hospital Older Adults 2

El Rey – Mexico – – Older Adults 1

El Señor hizo en mí maravillas – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

El Sol de los bigotes – – – Hospital Early Childhood / Children 2

El ultimo trago – Peru Old Mexican songs,

Boleros

– Older Adults 1

En Mi Viejo San Juan – Costa Rica, Ecuador – Hospital, Hospice – 2

En Una Noche Así / Another

Night Like This

Ernesto Lecuona Dominican Republic – – Older Adults 1

20


Entre tus manos – Mexico, Cuba, Caribbean

islands

Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children, Older

Adults 3

Eres Tú Jesús – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Es Cristo quien te llama – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Es mi Per – Peru Peruvian waltz – – 1

Escapémonos Jennifer Lopez – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Ese Camino Julieta Venegas Mexico Mexican pop – – 1

Espacio Sideral Jesse & Joy – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Esta es la luz de Cristo – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Estoy Aquí Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Estoy Enamorada de mi País – Peru – – Older Adults 1

Estrellita – – – Hospital Young Children / Children 2

Estrellita donde estas / Twinkle

Twinkle

– – – Hospital Early Childhood / Children 2

Faltan 5 para las doce llego

Jesús

– Puerto Rico, Dominican

Republic

Hymn Hospice – 1

Farolito / Little Street Lamp Tish Hinojosa Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

Feliz - Kanny Garcia – – – – – 1

Feliz Navidad José Feliciano Mexico Christmas Hospital, Hospice Young Children / Children 3

Festival of Love Disney's Elena of

Avalor

– Dia de los Muertos

(Holiday)

– – 1

Fina Estampa – Peru Old Mexican songs,

Peruvian waltzes

– Older Adults 3

Flor de la Canela – Peru ,Chile, Bolivia Old Mexican songs,

Peruvian waltzes

– Older Adults 3

Fotos y Recuerdos Selena – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Frenesí – Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Frío Frío Juan Luis Guerra – – – – 1

Gatito Vinagrito – Cuba – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Gloria al Señor – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Golpes en el Corazón – Puerto Rico, Mexico Cumbia Hospice – 1

21



Gracias A La Vida Mercedes Sosa Colombia, Venezuela, Peru – – Older Adults 3

Granada Javier Solis – rancheras – – 1

Guadalajara – Mexico Traditional mariachi – Older Adults 1

Guantanamera – Cuba – Hospital, Hospice Older Adults 4

Hacia Belen va una Burra Rin

rin

Gabi Moreno – Christmas Hospice – 1

Hasta La Raíz Natalia Lafourcade – – Hospital – 1

Hay poder / There is power – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Hazle un Instrumento de tu Paz – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Hermoso cariño – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Hero/Héroe Enrique Iglesias – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Historia de un amor – Mexico – – Older Adults 1

I come to the garden – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

I Will Rise Chris Tomlin Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Imagino Marta Gómez Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Inevitable Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Juanito Cuando Baila – – – Hospital Early Childhood / Children 2

Juntos como hermanos – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

La Bamba – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru,

Mexico

– Hospital Young Children / Children, Older

Adults 5

La Bayamesa – Cuba – – Older Adults 1

La Bicicleta Shakira and Carlos

Vives

– – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

La Bilirrubina Juan Luis Guerra – – – – 1

La Bruja – – Día de los Muertos

(Holiday)

– – 1

La Cigarra – Mexico – – Older Adults 1

La Comparsa Ernesto Lecuona Cuba – – Older Adults 1

La Cucaracha – Mexico – Hospital Older Adults 2

22



La Flor de la Canela Maria Dolores

Pradera

Peru, Venezuela, Colombia Peruvian waltz, Old

Mexican songs

– Older Adults 5

La gloria de Dios Eva Luna Montaner Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

La Llorona Chavela Vargas Mexico Ranchera / Folk, Día de

los Muertos

(Holiday)

– Older Adults

2

La Magia Little Jesus Mexico, Latin culture Indie rock/pop – Teens / Young Adults 1

La malagueña – Mexico Traditional mariachi – Older Adults 1

La Paloma – Mexico – – Older Adults 1

La Pollera Colorá – Colombia – – Older Adults 1

La Pulga de San José – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

La pulga y el piojo Serenata Guyanesa – – – Early Childhood / Children,

Young Chidlren 2

La raspa – – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

La Ruana – Colombia Traditional folk – – 1

La Tierra del Olvido Carlos Vives Colombia Traditional folk – – 1

La Tortura Ojos Así Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

La Última Copa – Puerto Rico – – Older Adults 1

La Vida Es Un Carnaval Celia Cruz Puerto Rico, Mexico Salsa Hospice – 2

Las Avispas Juan Luis Guerra – – – – 1

Las de la Intuición Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Las Estrellitas – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Las Golondrinas / The

Swallows

Tish Hinojosa Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

Las Mañanitas – Costa Rica, Ecuador,

Mexico

Hospice Older Adults

2

Levanto mis manos Samuel Hernández Puerto Rico, Dominican

Republic, Mexico

Hymn,

Religious/Christian

Hospice Young Children / Children 2

Lo Aprendí de Ti Ha-Ash – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Loca Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

23



Los peces en el río – Mexico Christmas Hospital, Hospice Young Children / Children 2

Los pollitos dicen – – – Hospital Early Childhood, Young Children

/ Children 5

Magnificat – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

Mambru se fue a la guerra – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Me Niego Reik ft Ozuna y

Wisin


Mexico Lindo y Querido Jorge Negrete Mexico Ranchera / Folk Hospital Older Adults 3

Mi Burrito Sabanero – Mexico Christmas Hospital Young Children / Children 2

Mi Cuerpo – – – Hospital Young Children / Children 2

Mi Gente J Balvin, Willy

William


Mi Niña Bonita Chino y Nacho – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Mi Pequeño Tesoro Presuntos

Implicados

Mexico – Hospital Parents 1

Mi Peru – Peru Old Mexican songs,

Peruvian waltzes

– Older Adults 1

Mi Querencia – Venezuela – – Older Adults 1

Mientras Tanto Tommy Torres ft

Ricardo Arjona

– – – – 1

Navidad oh Navidad – Mexico Christmas Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Necesito amarme Alejandra Guzmán – – – – 1

No Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

No Me Ames Jennifer Lopez – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

No Me Queda Más Selena – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Noche de Paz / Silent Night – Mexico Christmas Hospital, Hospice Young Children / Children 3

Noel / Noel – – Christmas – – 1

Noni noni Canticuénticos – Lullaby Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Nosotros Pedro Junco Costa Rica, Ecuador – Hospice – 1

Nuestro Juramento Julio Jaramillo Ecuador – – Older Adults 1

24



Océanos / Oceans Hillsong Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Oh Qué Amigo Nos Es Cristo /

What A Friend We Have in

Jesus

– Colombia, Venezuela, Peru,

Dominican Republic

Hymn Hospice Adults, Older Adults

2

Ojalá Que Llueva Café – – – Hospital – 4

Ojos Azules – Bolivia Charango song – Older Adults 1

Palito palito – – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Palo palo palo – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Paloma Negra Lola Beltrán – rancheras – – 1

Papa dedo, mama dedo,

hermano dedo, hermana

dedo y bebe dedo

– – – – Early Childhood / Children

1

Pastores Venid – Mexico Christmas Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Paz en la tormenta – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Peces en el Río – – Christmas – – 1

Perfidia Trio Los Panchos Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru,

Puerto Rico

Old Mexican songs,

Boleros

Hospice Older Adults 2

Pescador de Hombres – Mexico, Puerto Rico,

Dominican Republic,


Peru, Cuba, Caribbean

islands

Religious/Christian,

hymn

Hospital, Hospice Young Children / Children,

Adults, Older Adults

9

Piel Canela – Puerto Rico – – Older Adults 1

Piensa en mi – Peru Old Mexican songs,

Boleros

– Older Adults 1

Pies Descalzos Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Pin Pon – – – Hospital Early Childhood, Young Children

/ Children 6

Pollito Chicken – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Por Amor – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru – – Older Adults 1

25



Por Eso El Cristianismo – – Christmas – – 1

Princesa y el Soldado Carlos Vives Mexico – Hospital Parents 1

Pueblito Viejo – Colombia Traditional folk – – 1

Puedes Llegar – – – Hospital – 1

Puente Ricardo Arjona – – – – 1

Qué bonita es esta vida Jorge Celedon Colombia Traditional folk – – 1

Que Hiciste Jennifer Lopez – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Que Llueva – – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Que Sera Sera – Mexico Dia de los Muertos

(Holiday)

– – 1

Quién Será / Sway Dean Martin Costa Rica, Ecuador,

Dominican Republic


2

Quizas Quizas Quizas / Perhaps

Perhaps Perhaps

Doris Day Costa Rica, Ecuador,

Dominican Republic,


Peru, Puerto Rico

– Hospital, Hospice Older Adults

5

Rayito de Luna – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru – – Older Adults 1

Remember Me Coco movie – Lullaby, Dia de los

Muertos (Holiday)

Hospital Young Children / Children 2

Rueda rueda – Peru Christmas – – 1

Sabemos que hacer / We know

what to do - Sharon Katz

– – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Sabor A Mi – Mexico, Peru Bolero, Old Mexican

songs

– Older Adults 3

Saco Una Manita Atención Atención – – Hospital Young Children / Children 2

Salmo 23 – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Santa María del Camino – Cuba, Caribbean islands,


Republic

Religious, Hymn Hospice Older Adults

2

Sea Jorge Drexler

– Hospital Parents 1

26



Señor Don Gato – – – Hospital – 1

Señor sol / Mister Sun – – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Señor, ten piedad – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Shake Them Bones Nathalia Palis

(Spanish version

by)

– – – Early Childhood / Children

1

Si Drume Negrito – – – – Older Adults 1

Si Estás Contento Aplaude Así

/ If you're happy and you

know it

– – – Hospital Young Children / Children

2

Si nos dejan – Peru, Mexico Old Mexican songs,

Boleros

– Older Adults 2

Sin Miedo Rosana Mexico – Hospital Parents 1

Sol Solecito – Cuba – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Solamente Una Vez Trio Los Panchos Cuba, Dominican Republic,

Mexico, Peru, Puerto

Rico, Costa Rica,

Ecuador

Old Mexican songs,

Boleros


7

Solo Le Pido A Dios – – – Hospital – 1

Son de la negra – Mexico Traditional mariachi – Older Adults 1

Soy Antioqueño Hector Ochoa

Cárdenas

Colombia – – – 1

Soy yo Bombo Estéreo – – – Teens / Young Adults 1

Stand By Me Prince Royce – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Suerte Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Tamborilero – – Christmas – – 1

Te Dejo Madrid Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Techno Cumbia Selena – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Tengo una muñeca – – – – Early Childhood / Children 1

Tiempo de esperanza – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

27



To my Love Bomba Estéreo – Pop music – Early Childhood / Children 1

Todo Cambia – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru – – Older Adults 1

Todo Cumbia Julio Numhauser

Navarro

– – – Adults 1

Todos vuelven – Peru Old Mexican songs,

Peruvian waltzes

– Older Adults 2

Try Everything (movie

Zootopia)

Shakira – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Tu estas aquí – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Tu Gloria, Tu Gloria – – Christmas – – 1

Tu, Solo Tu – Puerto Rico – – Older Adults 1

Un año Sebastián Yatra y

Reik


Un Año Más (sung by Ana

Torroja)

Nacho Cano Spain Christmas – – 1

Un Beso y Una Flor Niño Bravo – – Hospice Adults / Older Adults 1

Un día a la vez – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Un Poco Loco – – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Un Rinconito en el Cielo – Mexico – – Older Adults 1

Una Noche Más Jennifer Lopez – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Valió La Pena Marc Anthony Puerto Rico, Mexico Salsa Hospice – 1

Ven a cantar – Mexico Christmas Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Ven ante su trono / Oh Come to

the Altar

– Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Venezuela – Venezuela – – Older Adults 1

Venezuela Caballo Viejo Peru, Venezuela, Colombia Christmas – – 1

Venid fieles todos / O come all

ye faithful


Venimos desde Lejos – Dominican Republic Christmas – – 1

Vienen con Alegria – Cuba, Caribbean islands Religious – Older Adults 1

28



Villancico Yaucano Ednita Nazario Puerto Rico Christmas – – 1

Viva el Perú y Sereno – Peru Peruvian waltz – – 1

Vivir Mi Vida Marc Anthony – Salsa Hospital Young Children / Children 5

Volver – Mexico – – Older Adults 1

Volver, Volver – Puerto Rico – – Older Adults 1

Waka Waka Shakira – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

What a Friend We Have in

Jesus

– – – Hospital – 1

Y se llama Peru – Peru Old Mexican songs,

Peruvian waltzes

– Older Adults 2

Yo no soy esa mujer Paulina Rubio – – – – 1

Yo también tuve 20 años – Colombia traditional folk – – 1

Yo tengo un amigo que me ama – Mexico Religious/Christian Hospital Young Children / Children 1

Yo tengo un gozo en mi alma – Dominican Republic Hymn Hospice Adults / Older Adults 1

Yo tengo un nuevo amor – Puerto Rico, Dominican

Republic

Hymn Hospice – 1

Yo Vendo Unos Ojos Negros – Venezuela – – Older Adults 1

Zum Zum Celia Cruz – – Hospital Young Children / Children 1

29

Table 2. Artist suggestions made within Facebook groups.

Name Related country Related genre Suggested setting Suggested age group Times suggested

Abel Pintos – – Hospital Young Children 1

Agustín Lara Peru, Mexico Old Mexican songs,

Boleros

– Older Adults 2

Aida Cuevas – – – Older Adults 1

Alejandra Guzman – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Alicia Maguiña Peru – – – 1

Alina Celeste – – – Early Childhood /

Children

2

Andrés Jimenez Puerto Rico Jíbaro music – Older Adults 1

Antonio Aguilar Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

Antonio Caban Vale "El Topo" Puerto Rico Jíbaro music – Older Adults 1

Atención Atención – – Hospital Early Childhood /

Children, Young

Children

4

Axel – – Hospital Young Children 1

Baby Bum (YouTube channel) – – – Early Childhood /

Children

1

Bailemos con Rachel (YouTube

channel)

– – – Early Childhood /

Children

1

Benny Moré Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Canticuentos – – – Early Childhood /

Children

1

Cecilia Barraza Peru – – – 1

30



Celia Cruz – – Hospital Young Children, Older

Adults

2

Chabuca Granda Peru – – – 1

Chavela Vargas – – – Older Adults 1

Cielito Lindo Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

Cri Cri – – Hospital Young Children 1

Demi Lovato – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Diego Torres – – Hospital Young Children 1

Eva Ayllon Peru – – – 1

Fanny Lu – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Gaby Moreno – – Hospice – 1

Ha*Ash – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Ibrahim Ferrer Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Jesse & Joy – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Jennifer Lopez (JLo) – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Jorge Negrete Mexico – – Older Adults 1

José Alfredo Jiménez – Rancheras – Older Adults 3

José José Mexico Mexican ballad, Latin

pop

– – 1

Jose Luis Orozco – – Hospital Early Childhood /

Children, Young

Children

5

Juan Gabriel Mexico – – Older Adults 2

Julieta Venegas – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

31



Julio Jaramillo Ecuador, Colombia Waltzes, boleros,

Ecuadorian pasillos

– Older Adults 2

Kani García – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

La Adelita Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

La Cucaracha Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

La Tortuga Colombia – – Early Childhood /

Children

1

Las muñequitas – – Hospital Young Children 1

Lena – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Linda Ronstadt Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 2

Little Baby Bum – – Hospital Young Children 1

Lola Beltran – – – Older Adults 1

Los Cantores de Bayamon Puerto Rico Jíbaro music – Older Adults 1

Lucha Reyes Peru – – – 1

Lucha Villa Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

Marc Anthony Puerto Rico, Mexico Salsa Hospice – 1

María Grever Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlan – – – Older Adults 1

Morena Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 1

Natalia Lafourcade – – Hospital – 1

Olga Tañon – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Oscar Avilés Peru – – – 1

Pedro Infante Mexico, Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 3

Perez Prado Cuba – – Older Adults 1

32



Pitbull – – Hospital Young Children 1

Rafael Hernandez – – – Older Adults 1

Ramito Puerto Rico Jíbaro music – Older Adults 1

Ricardo Rodriguez – – – Older Adults 1

Selena Mexico – Hospital Young Children,

Teens, Young,

Young Adults,

Older Adults

7

Selena Gomez – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Shakira – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Tatiana – – Hospital Young Children 1

Thalia – – Hospital Young / Young Adults 1

Toña La Negra – – – Older Adults 1

Tony Croatto Puerto Rico Jíbaro music – Older Adults 1

Trio Los Panchos Mexico, Cuba,

Dominican

Republic, Peru

Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 7

Trio Matamoros Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Tuna de Cayey Puerto Rico Jíbaro music – Older Adults 1

Un Bosque Encantado Colombia Lullaby Hospital Young Children 1

Vicente Fernandez Mexico, Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 4

Victoria Sanabria Puerto Rico Jíbaro music – Older Adults 1

33

Table 3. Genre suggestions within Facebook groups.

Genre Related country Related genres Suggested setting Suggested age group (s) Times suggested

Aguinaldo Navideño Puerto Rico Christmas Hospice – 1

Aguinaldos Dominican Republic Christmas Hospice – 1

Bolero Cuba, Mexico, Peru,

Venezuela

Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 5

Cha cha cha Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Cuban son Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Cumbia Puerto Rico, Mexico – Hospice Teens / Young Adults 2

Danzon Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Folk songs – Día de los Muertos

(holiday)

– – 1

Joropo music Venezuela – – – 1

Mambo's by Perez Prado Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Mariachi songs Mexico – – Older Adults 1

Merengue Venezuela

– Older Adults 1

Peruvian Waltzes Peru Old Mexican songs – Older Adults 3

Pop Latino – – – Teens / Young Adults 1

Posadas Mexico Christmas Hospice – 1

Punto guajiro Cuba – – Older Adults 1

Rancheras – – – – 1

Reggaeton – – – Teens / Young Adults 1

Salsa Puerto Rico, Mexico – Hospice – 2

Disney movie soundtrack – – Hospital Young Children 2

Traditional folk songs Colombia – – – 1

Trova Cuba – – Older Adults 1

34


Genre Related country Related genres Suggested setting Suggested age group (s) Times suggested

Venezuelan waltzes Venezuela – – Older Adults 1

35

Table 4. Resource suggestions made within Facebook groups.

Type Description Suggested Setting(s) Suggested Age Group(s) Times suggested

Blog post Titled "Las canciones del Verano: Año 1940-1950" (The Songs of the

Summer: Year 1940-1950).

– Older Adults 1

Blog post Titled "Música de México: PARTITURAS DE MÚSICA TRADICIONAL

MEXICANA" (Music from Mexico: SHEET MUSIC OF

TRADITIONAL MEXICAN MUSIC).

– – 1

Book Jose Luis Orozco's books. Hospital Young Children, Early Childhood /

Young Children

2

Book Titled "De Colores and Other Latin-American Folk Songs for Children" by

Jose Luis Orozco.

Hospital Young Children, Early Childhood /

Young Children

2

Book Christian hymnal titled "Cantos de Alabanza y Adoración: Himnario

Bilingüe. Songs of Praise & Worship: Bilingual Hymnal" (title included

translation).

Hospital Young Children 1

Book Catholic song book titled "Flor y Canto". Hospital Young Children, Adults / Older Adults 2

Book Hymnal titled “Himnos de la Vida Cristiana” . – Older Adults 1

Book Hymnal titled "Himnos de Gloria y Triunfo". – – 1

Facebook video Posted by "Like,si Recuerdas?" (Facebook page), titled “Recordando las

canciones de infancia ¿Cuál fue tú preferida?” (Remembering songs from

childhood. Which one was your favorite?) with song suggestions for

children.

– Early Childhood / Children 1

Facebook video Posted by "Pero Like" (Facebook page), titled "'90s Pop Songs En Español

That Will Make You Feel Old".

– Adults 1

Facebook video Posted by "Pero Like" (Facebook page), titled "23 Songs Strictly for Latinos

with Old Souls".

– Older Adults 1

Facebook video Posted by “Pero Like” (Facebook page), titled "18 José José Songs

Guaranteed to Make Your Latino Dad CRY".

– – 1

Image List of an elderly's favorite mariachi songs. – Older Adults 1

Image Linked post with image titled "Música de los 90's para lavarse las manos con

swing" (Music from the 90s to wash your hands with swing).

– – 1

Online document Titled “Songs for the Puerto Rican Elder”. Contains “a list of 22 songs for

Puerto Rican elderly clients”.

– Older Adults 2

36



Online document Titled “Songs Learned During Seasons Hospice” Contains a spreadsheet

with both English and Spanish songs organized by title, artist, year,

language/country, and includes facts for trivia or conversation material

about the some of the songs. Titles are songs the individual has learned

through internship and beyond.

– – 1

Spotify playlist Titled "Spanish Music". – Teens / Young Adults 1

Website Titled “Babyradio – Emisiora de Radio Online para niños y niñas”

(Babyradio – Online Radio Station for boys and girls”)


Website Mama Lisa's World; resource for local music. Hospital Young Children 1

Website Titled “Musica y Letras | Musica.com” (Music and Lyrics | Musica.com) Hospice Adults Older Adults 1

Website Link to the Bolivia page on Mama Lisa' World website. – Early Childhood / Children 1

Website Titled "Songs for Teaching”. – Early Childhood / Children 1

Website Titled "100 Greatest Cumbia Songs". – Teens / Young Adults 1

Website Titled "Hispanic-Latino and Spanish-Language Hymns and Songs in United

Methodist Hymnals and Songbooks".

– Older Adults 1

Website Titled “Lacuerda.net Tablaturas, Letras y Acordes de Guitarra, Piano y

Ukulele” (Lacuerda.net Tablatures, Lyrics and Chords for Guitar, Piano

and Ukulele)

– Older Adults 2

Website Website with a list of 4000 songs in Spanish organized by artist with

information about decade and country of origin of the artist.

– – 1

Website Titled “Happy World Music Therapy Day”. Contains “a blog post about 15

songs to use with Spanish speaking clients and a video workshop on

Spanish songs & interventions”.

– – 1

Website Titled "Let's Sing Navidad en Español!". – – 1

YouTube video Titled “10 Cantos a La Purísima - Tu gloria, tu Gloria”. Part of a playlist

that contains songs for "La Purisima", a Nicaraguan Christmas tradition.

– – 1

YouTube video Titled “Oh, Señor Sol, Sol, amarillo Sol | Y muchas más canciones infantiles

| ¡50 min de LittleBabyBum!”.


37



YouTube video Titled “Todas las canciones de Atención Atención - Lo mejor de lo mejor

HD” (All songs by Atención Atención – The best of the best HD).


YouTube video Titled "7 Mexican Songs You've Heard And Don't Know The Name".

Contains piano samples of the songs listed.

– – 1

38

were not as popular, or that they were appropriate for specific settings and age groups and not for

general use. Posts that requested or suggested songs varied in the amount of specific details they

included about the request or suggestion. This may have resulted in some suggestions being

more generalizable to the Spanish-speaking population with others fitting only specific

populations among Spanish-speaking clients. Resource suggestions show a variety of mostly

online sites. Book suggestions focused hymnals and on children’s songbooks by Jose Luis

Orozco.

Regarding setting and populations, the majority of suggestions within the hospital setting

seemed to be aimed at younger populations, while suggestions for hospice settings and for

general or unspecified settings seemed to focus on older adults. This may be due to the

popularity of children’s songs and of songs that older population would prefer. It may also

indicate that music therapists are working with these age groups more than others. The higher

number of suggestions for older adults in hospice settings seemed to correspond with the Xiaodi

et al. (2015) study which found that hospice patients who received music therapy services in a

large U.S. hospice had a mean age of 79.9 years. Although Knott et al. (2020) suggests a reliable

estimate of the number of music therapists who work in pediatric medical does not exist, an

informal survey of Children’s Hospital Association hospitals conducted by AMTA’s Pediatric

Music Therapy Task Force in 2015(as cited in Knott et al., 2020) found that 56% of surveyed

hospitals offered music therapy services. This suggests that a high number of music therapists

may be working with children in hospital settings, which corresponds with this study’s high

number of suggestions aimed at children in hospital settings. Interestingly, there seemed to be a

greater number of AMTA member survey respondents who worked with mature adults and

seniors than those who worked with children and pre-teens throughout the five years that

correspond with the posts analyzed in this paper (AMTA, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019).

Although countries associated with suggestions do not indicate country of origin for that

suggestion or that only clients from those countries prefer those suggestions, it does indicate that

music therapists may have previously used those songs, artists, and genres with clients from

those countries.

Similar to previous research on repertoire for geriatric clients (Cevasco & VanWeelden,

2010, VanWeelden & Cevasco, 2007, 2009), future research may investigate which songs in

Spanish music therapists recommend and use most often in their repertoire and which songs in

39

Spanish are preferred by music therapy clients. Research may also investigate music therapy

student’s knowledge of songs in Spanish and the use of songs in Spanish in music therapy

repertoire lists created and used by internship sites and university programs. Future research may

also investigate differences in music preferences in clients from different Spanish-speaking

countries. Repertoire lists that include songs in Spanish may be useful for both music therapists

and music educators, especially when working with younger populations. Further research is

needed regarding music therapists use of social media platforms like Facebook for sharing

information and collaboration among professionals, and also for obtaining background

information about the repertoire they use.

There were several limitations within this study. First, while this study assumed that

original posters (OPs) and commenters were music therapy professionals and excluded posts that

specified the poster was not a music therapy professional, it is possible that music therapy

students or music therapy professionals who were not board certified music therapists

participated in the posts. Second, some songs may have been counted more than once due to

differences in how the song title was written in the posts. Third, during the collection of data

using the PDF files with previews of posts, this researcher noticed some posts seemed to be out

of order in terms of the date they were published, usually off by a few weeks. This may have

results in some posts being excluded if, for example, a post from 2015 appeared in between posts

from 2014 which were not used in this paper.

Conclusion

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of songs in Spanish by music

therapists according to song suggestions within music therapy Facebook groups. Results

indicated that music therapists serving Spanish-speaking clients have been sharing songs in

Spanish with other music therapy professionals through Facebook groups. The lists of songs,

artists, genres, and resources compiled in this study may be a useful starting point in creating

repertoire lists for music therapy professionals and students serving Spanish-speaking clients.

Future research should investigate music therapists’ current use of songs in Spanish and Spanish

speaking client’s music preferences in order to develop relevant repertoire lists that include

songs in Spanish. Additionally, future research of music therapists’ use of social media platforms

for collaboration and sharing of information is needed.

40

APPENDIX A

NOTIFICATION OF NOT HUMAN RESEARCH DETERMINATION

Page 1 of 2

FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITYOFFICE of the VICE PRESIDENT for RESEARCH

NOT HUMAN RESEARCH

May 12, 2020

Christian Velez [email protected]

Dear Christian Velez Rodriguez:

On 5/12/2020, the IRB staff reviewed the following submission:

Title of Study: Music therapists' use of songs in Spanish: Song suggestions in music therapy Facebook groups.

Investigator: Christian Velez RodriguezSubmission ID: STUDY00001334

Study ID: STUDY00001334Funding: None

IND, IDE, or HDE: NoneDocuments Reviewed: • FSU Request for Determination of Human Subjects

Research Form, Category: IRB Protocol;

The IRB staff determined that the proposed activity is not research involving human subjects as defined by DHHS and/or FDA regulations. The proposed study does not constitute research involving human subjects as that regulatory term is defined at 45 CFR 46, Part 46.102(e), and further review is not required. The information to be collected by the study team as part of the proposed study is not about the individuals who provide the information of research interest.

IRB review and approval by this organization is not required. This determination applies only to the activities described in the IRB submission and does not apply should any changes be made. If changes are made and there are questions about whether these activities are research involving human subjects in which the organization is engaged, please submit a new request to the IRB for a determination. You can create a modification by clicking Create Modification / CR within the study.

Sincerely,

41

Page 2 of 2

Human Subjects Research [email protected]

42

APPENDIX B

POSTS REQUESTING MUSIC

Facebook

group

Date post was

published

Requested

population

Requested

setting

Requested

format (recorded, live,

specific

instrument, books)

Requested

genre

Requested

country of

origin

Requested

“songs similar

to”

Requested

intervention

Requested

theme (holida

y, topic)

Total numbe

r of comments in post

Songs sugges

ted

Artists sugges

ted

Genre/style

suggested

Suggested

invervention to use

the songs with

“I have used this song

with…”Population

“I have used this song

with…”settin

g

Website / tool suggested

A 3/15/15 23:12

Hospice; spanish speaking

hospice

– hymns; traditionals from various countries

PR; DR

– – – 6 Pescador de Hombres; Dios esta detrás; Santa Maria del Camino; Yo tengo un nuevo amor; Faltan 5 para las doce llego Jesus; Levanto Mis Manos.

– – – – – –

A 3/16/15 15:57

young children that are spanish speaking only

children’s hospital

– – – – – – 9 Los pollitos dicen; Palito palito; La raspa; Saco una manita. Si estas contento (if you’re happy and you know it); Señor sol (mister sun). Que Llueva (with kids).

Atencion Atencion. Jose Luis Orozco. Las muñequitas; Cri Cri; Tatiana. Jose Luis Orozco.

– – – – babyradio.es; Jose Luis Orozco’s books; mamalisa.com (Mama Lisa’s World; resource for local music)

A 7/21/15 18:35

early childhoo classes; dev. Childhood group

– – – – – (language, social, gross and fine motor goals, secure bond with momma)

– 17 Los pollitos dicen; De Colores; (ESL, special needs preschool). Arroz con leche me quiero casar; Estrellita donde estas (twinkle twinkle); Tengo una muñeca;

Alina (for early Ed); Canticuentos

– – – – –

43

Mambru se fue a la guerra. Pin Pon. Pollito Chicken; Cabeza hombro rodilla pies (head shoulder knees and toes); Debajo de un botón; Palo palo palo; El sol de los bigotes. La Pulga de San José. Arepitas; La pulga y el piojo – Serenata Guyanesa. El moustro de la laguna – Canticuentos

A 7/24/15 13:25

Hospice with adults to older adults

hospice

– hymns Dominican Republic

– – – 2 Cuán Grande Es Él; Oh Que Amigo Nos Es Cristo; Alabaré; “Yo tengo un gozo en mi alma”; A Dios Sea La Gloria; Pescador de Hombres; Caminante. Pescador De Hombres; Cerca de Ti Señor.

– – – – – “www.musica.com”(website)

A 2/10/16 15:21

Ages 60-75

– – – Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru

– – – 7 Besame mucho; Quizás, Quizás, Quizás; Contigo En La Distancia; A Mi Manera (My Way); Rayito de Luna; For Venezuela:

– For Venezuela: Bolero or merengue, venezuelan waltzes

– – – –

44

Caballo Viejo; Venezuela; El Campo Está Florido. Yo Vendo Unos Ojos Negros. La Bamba; Cuand Grande Es Él (How Great Thou Art); Ogh Qué Amigo Nos Es Cristo (What A Friend We Have in Jesus); Caminante; Pescador de Hombres. La Pollera Colorá (Colombia); Mi Querencia (Venezuela); Todo Cambia; Gracias A La Vida; El Cóndor Pasa. Por Amor; El Reloj. Peru: La Flor de la Canela; Alma Corazón y Vida; Fina Estampa; El Cóndor Pasa; El Alcatraz; Todos Vuelven; Estoy Enamorada de mi País.

A 10/8/15 14:18

Older Adult

– – – Puerto Rico

(by) Rafael Hernandez; Trio Los Panchos; Celia Cruz

– – 6 Volver, Volver; Tu, Solo Tu. Solamente Una Vez; Amor de Mis Amores; El Día Que Me Quieras;

– – – (Dos Gardenias Para Ti – Buena Vista Social Club; 44ombr song) with clients from Puerto Rico and Dominican

– –

45

Quizas, Quizas, Quizas; Perfidia. Piel Canela; La Última Copa. Dos Gardenias Para Ti – Buena Vista Social Club.

Republic

A 7/28/16 18:11

Young latinas

Hospital

– – – by Jlo(Jennifer Lopez); Selena; Shakira

– – 16 Jen Lo: Una Noche Más; Que Hiciste; Adrenalina; Escapémonos; No Me Ames. Selena: Como La Flor; Bidi-Bidi-Bom-Bom; El Chico del Apartamento 512; Fotos y Recuerdos; Amor Prohibido; No Me Queda Más; Techno Cumbia. Shakira: Pies Descalzos; Bruta Ciega Sordomuda; Estoy Aquí; La Tortura Ojos Así; No; Antes de las Seis; Loca; Antología; Las de la Intuición; Donde Estás Corazón; Suerte. Lo Aprendí de Ti – Ha-Ash. Espacio Sideral – Jesse & Joy. Shakira: Te Dejo Madri

Ha*Ash; Jesse & Joy; Kani García; Lena; Julieta Venegas; Alejandra Guzman; Thalia; Fanny Lu; Demi Lovato; Selena Gomez; Olga Tañon

– – – – –

46

d; Inevitable. La Bicicleta – Shakira and Carlos Vives.

A 9/20/16 16:24

– – – – – (by) Juan Luis Guerra

– – 11 Las Avispas; La Bilirrubina; Bachata Rosa; Frío Frío; Brubujas de amor. Ojalá Que Llueva Café; Como Abeja Al Panal; Medicine for my Soul / La Llave de mi Corazón. Ojalá Que Llueva Café ( Café Tacuba version). Bachata Rosa. Ojalá Que Llueva Café.

– – “Ojalá Que Llueva Café” for working on wishes, expectations and outlook on life and illness. Lyric substitution “Ojalá Que Llueva Café” for lyric substitution

– – –

A 7/19/16 12:12

Children

children’s hospital

– – – – Singing

– 12 Los Pollitos. Mi Cuerpo; Estrellita; Pin Pon. Si Estás Contento Aplaude Así. Waka Waka – Shakira. Cheki Morena Cheki (Puerto Rico).

Jose Luis Orozco Little Baby Bum Atención Atención

– – – – “De Colores and Other Latin-American Folk Songs for Children” (book) by Jose Luis Orozco Linked video of 50 minutes of Children’s songs (Video Ttile: Oh, Señor Sol, Sol, 46ombro4646 Sol | Y muchas más canciones infantiles | ¡50 min de LittleBabyBum!) “https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aXF689a9PU&feature=youtu.be&fbclid=IwAR0on1BsI5F05g_5sHXPKW_oWtR2Ff9HBjxbu9MIRc3VrS_087YZA-8kNG8” Linked video of Songs by Atencion Atencion (Video title: Todas las canciones de Atención Atención – Lo mejor de lo mejor HD) “https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uu6a77R4mrg&feature=youtu.be&fbclid=IwA

47

R1plNs6RIWSxJgYqcygu9Z0Hkfa-Y8zVWH0BRlkJhdSm4FVDJ6zLnz1En0”

A 2/12/17 16:57

– – – popular South American Hispanic folk

Peru/Venezuela/Colomibia area

– – – 8 Peru – La Flor de la Canela; Alma, Corazón y Vida; Venezuela – Caballo Viejo. Peruvian waltzes: El Plebeyo; Fina Estampa; Amarraditos; Y Se Llama Perú; Viva el Perú y Sereno; Es mi Perú. Venezuela: Alma Llanera. Colombia: El Camino de la Vida – Hector Ochoa Cárdenas (reminiscing about stages of life); Soy Antioqueño – Hector Ochoa Cárdenas. Colombia (traditional folk songs): Colombia Tierra Querida; Yo también tuve 20 años; Pueblito Viejo; La Ruana; La Tierra del Olvido – Carlos Vives; Qué bonita es esta vida – Jorge Celedon. El Condor Pasa.

For Perú: Chabuca Granda; Oscar Avilés; Eva Ayllon; Alicia Maguiña; Cecilia Barraza; Lucha Reyes

Peruvian waltzes; Venezuela: joropo music Colombia: traditional folk songs

Reminiscing about stages of life (with El Cambio de la vida – Hector Ochoa Cárdenas; for Colombia)

v – –

48

A 3/12/17 20:05

Young kids and older kids/teens

Children’s hospital

live or recorded

“appropriate”

– – – – 17 Vivir Mi Vida; Hero/Héroe – Enrique Iglesias. Mi Niña Bonita – Chino y Nacho; Stand By Me – Prince Royce; Vivir Mi Vida – Mark Anthony; Bendita La Luz – Mana. Celebra la vida – Axel(¿). Color Esperanza – Diego Torres. For younger kids: Zum Zum – Celia Cruz; La pulga y el piojo se quiere casar (can be paired with instruments).

Diego Torres; Abel Pintos; Axel (sings Celebra la Vida); Selena; Celia Cruz Selena; (Adaptation of) Pit 48ombr songs

Spanish version of Disney movie songs; Spanish versions of Disney movie songs;

Recorded versions for lyric analysis, live version for promoting singing or live music making

– – –

A 4/25/17 3:14

parent support group

Hospital

– – Mayority of 48ombro48 are from Mexico

– Lyric analysis

– 3 Mi Pequeño Tesoro – Presuntos Implicados; Sin Miedo – Rosana; A Dios le pido (“praying to God. If they are Catholics”); Sea – Jorge Drexler; Dale Alegría a mi corazón – Fito Páez; Princesa y el Soldado – Carlos Vives.

– – – – – –

A 10/15/17 21:44

Primarily lder adults, children

Hospice

guitar Salsa Puerto Rico; Mexico

– Active instrument play; Move

– 5 Golpes en el Corazon (also

Marc Anthony

Cumbia Style

– – – –

49

occasionally

ment to music

not salsa. More cumbia style”). La Vida Es Un Carnaval – Celia Cruz; Valió La Pena – Marc Anthony.

A 2/27/18 19:25

“kiddos”; “pediatric palliative care with a range of ages and developmental ages”

– – Lullabies

– – For Relaxation and receptive interventions

– 7 Remember Me – Coco movie. Duerme Negrito (“a well known songs for adults around 40-50 specially if they are from the Argentina, Uruguay or Chile, or some Caribbean countries.”); Canta ranita canta – Un Bosque Encantado; Dormite – Marta Gómez; Noni noni – Canticuénticos.

Un Bosque Encantado

– Duerme Negrito: Relaxation; Lyric substitution. Canta Ranita Canta: Relaxation.

– – –

A 5/18/18 23:07

Any age (hospice)

Hospice internship

– – – – – – 8 Solamente Una Vez (“popular frim 1940s”); Besame Mucho. Guantanamera (Cuban); Cielito Lindo; Besame Mucho; En Mi Viejo San Juan; Perfidia – Trio Los Panchos; Solamente Una Vez; Las Mañanitas;

– – – Costa Rica or Ecuador (about the second set of songs suggested

– –

50

Nosotros – Pedro Junco; Quién Será (English version: Sway – Dean Martin); Quizas Quizas Quizas (English version: Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps – Doris Day).

A 8/13/18 8:46

82 year old Patient from dominican republic

– – Patient’s daughter requested “Romantic spanish music”; Catholic hymns

Dominican Republic

Besame Mucho; Quien Sera; Quizas Quizas Quizas

– – 7 De Colores. En Una Noche Así (Another Night Like This) – Ernesto Lecuona. Solamente Una Vez.

Trio Los Panchos

Boleros

– – – Google Doc that has a list of 22 songs for Puerto Rican Elderly clients (“https://docs.google.com/document/d/1pA9N_JjBTOYvgOxy4rU9GkhmJ4cWqyHxFiZDIDJUVNk/edit?fbclid=IwAR2QXxRnemyPYUEtcjmQsZ3qWbWyzBgz46Ynq9g5hl8U6seYhxWD5l-xvuc

A 10/30/18 11:18

MT Student 50ombro5050 Spanish rep

Hospital

– – – – – – 41 Bésame Mucho; En Mi Viejo San Juan; La Bamba; Ojalá Que Llueva Café; Despacito (sigh); El Reloj; Color Esperanza; Puedes Llegar; Solo Le Pido A Dios; Vivir Mi Vida; Twinkle Twinkle (spanish version)(songs like); How Great Thou Art; What a Friend We Have in Jesus. Danza Kuduro; Quizas Quizas Quizas. Guant

Selena; Jose Luis Orozco songs; Atención Atención;

– For body parts: Juanito Cuando Baila; Mi Cuerpo

– – –

51

anamera; Cielito Lindo; De Colores; Pescador de Hombres (spiritual). Pescador de Hombres. Señor Don Gato. La Cucaracha; Los Pollitos; PinPon; Estrellita; Debajo del 51ombr; El Sol de los bigotes; ABCs in Spanish. PinPon. Juanito Cuando Baila (body parts song). Mi Cuerpo. Saco Una Manita – Atención Atención.

A 11/29/18 18:08

Tabs or sheet music

Peruvian waltz (vals peurano)

Peru La Flor de La Canela

– – 3 La Flor de la Canela – Maria Dolores Pradera (linked song chart); Alma, Vida, y Corazón.

– – – – – Website for “finding chord sheets in Spanish” (“https://lacuerda.net”)

A 11/29/18 12:11

Salsa – – – – 6 Vivir

Mi Vida; La Vida es Un Carnaval. Vivir Mi Vida.

– – Salsa 51ombro for 51ombro5151 stamina; “For movement, to explore emotion, and (patient suggested)”; Lyric Analysis (with Vivir Mi Vida) (with La Vida Es Un

patient who needed to build up her stamina. Co-treated with physical therapist to give her salsa lessons

– –

52

Carnaval); “To work on dynamic standing balance”

A 1/11/19 0:20

“choir for people living with dementia/neurodegenerative disorders and their care 52ombro52” Spanish-speakers and non spanish-speakers

– – – Mostly from Mexico (San Antonio area)

– singing

– 4 Besame Mucho; De Colores; Que Sera Sera (mostly in english).

– – “You can present it as a way to exercise their cognition while expanding their multicultural rep”

– – –

A 11/8/18 10:44

Children; 6-year-old with anxiety;

– – Traditional children’s songs

Bolivia

– To provide “benefit from something familiar to help with her normalization and coping” Pt critical, MT thinks “it would still be helpful to create some final memories with her and her caregiver.”

– 6 El Amor De Dios Es Maravilloso.

– – Songwriting; Spritual support music

– – Link to the Bolivia page on Mama Lisa’ website (“https://www.mamalisa.com/?t=sc&c=5&fbclid=IwAR0fCRhgxZRcDxfhw55ta51nLtKdMQ9E-kZkyicbhci_fcrbnZw7adxRlRY”)

A 2/4/19 21:21

– – – older religious/spiritual songs

“Cuba or the other Caribbean area islands”

– – – 19 Pescador de Hombres. Pescador de Hombres; Dios esta aquí, tan cierto como el aire que respiro; Hazle un Instrumento de tu Paz; Entre Tus Manos (for funerals, or moments of surrender). Magnificat, El Señor

Ricardo Rodriguez (Cuban 52ombro)’s 52ombr Clasicos de Siempre

– – – – Mentioned resource: “Himnos de la Vida Cristiana”; Linked webpage titled “Hispanic-Latino and Spanish-Language Hymns and Songs in United Methodist Hymnals and Songbooks”. Link contains a list of songs, with hymnal number and country of origin (“https://www.umcdiscipleship.org/resources/hispanic-latino-and-spanish-language-hymns-and-songs-in-united-methodist-hy?fbclid=IwAR1efm7gwF1-

53

hizo en mí maravillas, gloria al Señor; Esta es la luz de Cristo. Alabaré; Vienen con Alegria; Alma Misionera; Santa María del Camino; Eres Tú Jesús; Dios Te Salvé María – Juan Sosa. Cuán Grande Es Él; Alabaré; Amor que no me dejarás. Juntos como hermanos; Cómo no creer en Dios; Es Cristo quien te llama. I come to the garden; How Great Thou Art; Cuán Grande Es Él.

VSCiymb8yauQ8GVnL50eotoQcuOunK3Zpw3OLpl56j1JKUY”)

A 1/16/19 23:59

Childre preschool-3rd grade

– – – Cartagena, Colombia

– – Songs addressing coping skills and/or selfesteem

5 Así soy yo – La tortuga; El Juego de la Alegría.

La tortuga

Champeta (53ombro53 genre 53ombro and popularized in Cartagena Colombia) “...most of the Champeta songs have non appropriate lyrics…”; Reggaeton also popular, also not appropriate

Improvisation, with drums and shakers (rather than children’s songs)

– – Linked page for Colombian Children’s Songs in Mama Lisa’s website (“https://www.mamalisa.com/?t=ec&c=108&fbclid=IwAR0ndDQOtGTHhdj18GhAynUE-UNdoqn6OOq9bvc9JqWhUCFfzbwov3bzkwg”)

A 3/15/19 22:24

Hospice 53ombro53 70-90 years old

Hospice

– – – – – “Positive songs”; “Songs good for hospic

2 Secular: Como han pasado los años; Un

Jose Alfredo Jimenez; Rocio Durcal

– – – hospice internship

–

54

e related subjects”; “Songs used for memorials”;

rinconsito en el cielo; Solamente una Vez; Hermoso Cariño; Si nos dejan; Mi Linda Esposa. Religious: Cuán Grande es Él (How Great thou art); Entre tus manos; Alabare Alabare; Mas allá del Sol; Pescador de Hombres; Cuando allá se pase lista; Un dia a la vez; Salmo 23. Yo te extrañaré.

A 3/18/19 15:08

Older Adults

– – – – – Spring 3 De

Colores. Flor de la Caneloa (Peruvian, Peru/Chile/Bolivia 54omb).

– – – – – –

A 4/10/19 23:59

Child, 6-year-old intubated/sedated and little brother in ICU, injuries due to fire, and grandmother


– Christian

Mexico

– – – 8 I Will Rise – Chris Tomlin. Salmo 23; Con mis manos levantadas – Danilo Montero; La gloria de Dios – Eva Luna Montaner; Algo está cayendo aquí – Jose Luis Reyes; Cancion de Sanidad – Juan Luis Guerra; Levanto mis manos – Samue

– – – – “Entre tus manos” in hospice; “Imagino (Marta Gomez) in the PICU

Catholic song book “Flor y Canto”; Image of “54ombro545454 hymnal” titled “Cantos de Alabanza y Adoración: Himnario Bilingüe. Songs of Prais & Worship: Bilingual Hymnal” (title included translation)

55

l Hernandez. Entre tus manos (catholic song book “Flor y Canto”); Tiempo de esperanza (catholic song book “Flor y Canto”); Señor, ten piedad (catholic song book “Flor y Canto”). Entre tus manos; Tu estas detrás; Hay poder (There is power); Ven ante su trono (Oh Come to the Altar); Océanos (Oceans) – Hillsong. Un día a la vez; Hermoso cariño; Imagino – Marta Gomez. Cristo me ama (Jesus Loves Me); Yo tengo un amigo que me ama; De Colores. Paz en la tormenta; Pescador de Hombres.

A 4/22/19 17:48

Women who have survived sexual and 55ombro5555 partner violence

– – – – Gracias a la Vida – Mercedes Sosa

For listening and discussion

gratitude, mindfulness

7 Detrás de mi ventana – Yuri (80s). Yo no soy esa mujer – Paulina Rubio. Necesito amarme – Alejandra

– – – – – –

56

Guzmán; Aprender a volar – Patricia Sosa; Feliz – Kanny Garcia.

A 6/28/19 10:42

– – – Rancheras

– Allá en el Rancho Grande

– – 8 Paloma Negra – Lola Beltrán; Granada – Javier Solis; Mexico Lindo y Querido – Jorge Negrete. Dos arbolitos; Cucurrucucu paloma; Cielito Lindo.

Jose Alfredo Jimenez;

– – – – –

A 7/6/19 17:48

(resources for) Spanish-speaking young children and MTs working with them

(creating a website)

books, music albums, instruments, apps, etc

– – – – – 4 – Jose Luis Orozco; Atención Atención; Baby Bum (YouTube 56ombro);

– – – Book series titled “De Colores and Other Latin American Folksongs for Children” by Jose Luis Orozco

A 8/10/19 20:07

client in mid 20s with articulation goals

– – Cumbia

– Selena – – 5 – – – – – – Linked website titled “100 Greates Cumbia Songs” (“https://digitaldreamdoor.com/pages/best_latin-cumbia-songs.html”)

A 7/12/19 12:39

Mexican catholic communities

Hospice (according to the next cell)

Hymanls

catholic mexican hymns; Elderly hospice patient

Mexico

Flor y Canto (hymnal)

For spritual support, end of life, family coping

– 24 Flor y Canto (hymnal).

– – – (hymnal) hospice

(hymanl) for my Hispanic hospice 56ombro56 and their families for comfort and prayer”

Linked product site for the hymnal “Flor y Canto” (“https://www.ocp.org/en-us/hymnals/B21/flor-y-canto-tercera-edicion?fbclid=IwAR2S754eKeDqUcTQOKxb--Mzz4hgi4Klsda_AyUxo0T8j0VUOq54ZyyFkyg”); Linked preview pdf of 56ombro Flor y Canto (“https://dh8zy5a1i9xe5.cloudfront.net/shared/pdf/preview/20959.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1LthBNnCHF5yzcf_IV4OSaVsvSXNOwgS1xN5FwjrDSiqh0vm41YccDZ4M”)

A 8/24/19 23:55

Older kids and teens; 10-year-old pt


– – – “loves Disney songs but is ready for something new”; De Ellos

– – 2 Un Poco Loco. Try Everything – Shakira (movie Zootopia).

– – – – – –

57

Aprendí – Davir Rees

A 10/22/19 13:25

– – – – – – – Dia De Los Muertos

3 Amor Eterno – Rocío Dúrcal; Remember Me – Coco. Festival of Love – Disney’s Elena of Avalor. La Llorona; La Bruja; Cielito Lindo.

– “Songs that the decease prefered or general folk songs”

– – – –

A 11/10/19 16:50

– Children’s Hospital

– – (majority of 57ombro57 are from) Mexico

Feliz Navidad; Mi Burrito Sabanero; El Niño del Tambor; Cascabels; Noche de Paz

– Christmas

1 Pastores Venid; Campana sobre campana; Los peces en el río; Ven a cantar; Navidad oh Navidad.

– – – – – –

A 12/13/19 11:27

Hospice 57ombro57

– – – – Feliz Navidad; Los Peces en el Rio; Noche de Paz; Amarga Navidad

– Holiday “this month” (December)

13 Hacia Belen va una Burra Rin rin – Gabi Moreno. Alegre Vengo.

Gabi Moreno

Aguinaldo Navideño (Puerto Rico); Aguinaldos (Dominican Republic); Posadas (Mexico)

– – – Recommended Spotify playlist titled “Parranda Boricua – Music Navidad Puerto Rico” (“https://open.spotify.com/playlist/6NI4PoBuOdSARBSnJuSofC?si=AVQ-SgBISE-FyNgMIT3NeA”); Recommended Spotify album link Titled “Nuestra Navidad” (“https://open.spotify.com/album/1O7QyLYHlgNncDGgjaDvR4?si=YwmpmO3oTCCWJg-dPqIdeQ”); Linked “songbook with chords for traditional Puerto Rican Xmas songs” (“https://sites.google.com/site/melvinmontesinos/acordesparaguitarra?fbclid=IwAR05cBT04uGPjc5ouHqqyWmvBv4NxtDg81Ayvy6AcBpywmCU5TeOgch-wIM”)

A 12/16/19 23:11

8-9 year old kids

– – – – – – – 6 Calma (has sexual references); To my Love – Bomba Estéreo; Échame La Culpa

– Pop music and latin hits

– – – –

58

– Luis Fonsi, Demi Lovato Mi Gente – J Balvin, Willy William. Calma – Pedro Capo, Farruko; Me Niego – Reik ft Ozuna y Wisin; Un año – Sebastián Yatra y Reik.

A 1/14/20 21:26

Children

– – Cuban Children’s songs

– Barquito de Papel; Gatito Vinagrito

– – 1 – – – – – – –

A 2/1/20 19:05

children and young adults with developmental disabilities (goals of verbalizing words and articulation)

– – – Variety

– – – 4 – – – – – – Suggested books by Jose Luis Orozco; linked website titled “Songs for Teaching (“https://www.songsforteaching.com/index.html”)

A 2/26/20 14:57

elderly pt from Puerto Rico

– – Jíbaro music

Puerto Rico

– – – 4 – Andrés Jimenez; Victoria Sanabria; Tony Croatto; Antonio Caban Vale “El Topo”; Ramito; Tuna de Cayey; Los Cantores de Bayamon

– – – – Recommended websited for chord charts linked (“https://lacuerda.net”)

A 3/6/20 15:42

adolescentes y mujeres (teens and women); 13-14 age of teens; 20-50 age of women

– “facil de tocar/arreglar en la guitarra” (easy to play and arrange on the guitar)

Reggaeton; Pop Latino;

– – – – 9 Soy yo – Bombo Estéreo.

– – – – – Linked spotify playlist titled “Spanish Music” (“https://open.spotify.com/playlist/2iJm0ootTMfX6H9pev7cTu?si=0RuaaBVPRaKvbOOaEa06-Q”)

A 3/20/20 14:58

– – – Christmas hymns

– – – – 7 Al Mundo Paz (Joy to the World); Noche de Paz (Silent Night); Angeles

– – – – – Recommended Hymna titled “Himnos de Gloria y Triunfo” (“comprehensive hymnal in terms of being applicable to several types of congregations”; just lyrics);

59

cantando están (59ombro in excelsis deo); Noel (Noel); Venid fieles todos (O come all ye faithful).

Linked website titled “Let’s Sing Navidad en Español!” (“resource online that looks good for those less-fluent in Spanish like me”) (“https://www.thoughtco.com/songs-of-christmas-in-spanish-3079480”) Blog post with song suggestions and related vocabulary.

A 4/10/20 18:39

Average age of 70

– – – Mostly Mexico

Cielito Lindo; De Colores

Zoom Memory Café

– 12 Solamente Una Vez; Allá en Rancho Grande; Bésame Mucho; La Bamba; Como La Flor – Selena; Bidi Bidi Bom Bom – Selena. Un Rinconito en el Cielo. El Rey; Sabor A Mi (bolero); Ay Jalisco No Te Rajes; La Paloma; Volver. Mexico Lindo y Querido; Si nos dejan.

Selena; Selena Vicente Fernandez; Los Panchos; Pedro Infante; Agustin Lara; Jorge Negrete; Vicente Fernandez Juan Gabriel

Boleros; mariachi songs

– – older adults

Image of list of an eldely’s favorite mariachi songs

A 4/20/20 14:38

age 90s

– – (“family stated he liked”) Old Mexican songs

Peru Cielito Lindo

– – 19 La Cucaracha; Morena; La Adelita; Cielito Lindo. Farolito (Little Street Lamp) – Tish Hinojosa; Las Golondrinas (The Swallows)- Tish Hinojosa. La Flor de la canela Bolero

Pedro Infante; Vicente Fernandez; Antonio Aguilar; Lucha Villa; Linda Rostadt; Pedro Infante; Trio Los Panchos; Agustín Lara; María Grever;

La Epoca de oro de Mexico; Boleros; Peruvian Waltzes

– – – –

60

s: Perfidia; Besame Mucho; Piensa en mi; Solamente una vez; Sabor a mi. Cielito Lindo; Cucurrucucu Paloma; El ultimo trago; Si nos dejan. Peruvian waltzes: Contigo Peru; Flor de la canela; Alma Corazón y Vida; El Plebeyo; Mi Peru; Todos vuelve; Fina Estampa; Y se llama Peru. Flor de la canela. Ojos Azules (charango song, Bolivian); El Condor pasa. El Condor Pasa. Besame Mucho.

A 4/24/20 11:24

kids – – – – – songs with hand movements

– 10 A mi burro le duele la cabeza; Los pollitos; Cabeza, 60ombro, rodillas, pies; Pin pon es un muñeco. Pin Pon. Sabemos que hacer (We know what to do) – Sharon Katz (MT and performer). El caball

Bailemos con Rachel (youtube channel) (“hand/body movement songs”)

– – – – –

61

o verde. “Papa dedo mama dedo hermano dedo hermana dedo y bebe dedo”; El Pollito Amarillito. El Baile de las manos. Juanito cuando baila.

A 4/25/20 15:09

93-year-old Cuban immigran (75 years in the US)

– – – Cuba Si Drume Negrito

– – 10 Guantanamera. Aquellos Ojos Verdes; Frenesí. Guantanamera; La Comparsa – Ernesto Lecuona; La Bayamesa (La Bayamesa) (“she might hate it though”); Solamente Una Vez – Trio Los Panchos; Drume Negrita.

Trio Los Panchos; Trio Matamoros Perez Prado; Benny Moré; Ibrahim Ferrer; Trio Los Panchos

Mambo’s by Perez Prado; Cuban son; Danzon; punto guajiro; trova; bolero; cha cha cha

Name that tune game

– – Linked blogpost titled “Las canciones del Verano: Año 1940-1950” (The Songs of the Summer: Year 1940-1950) (“http://www.elnegociodelamusica.com/las-canciones-del-verano-ano-1940-1950/?fbclid=IwAR19MmfwxmXkPiVrRuQajIWKW02965imgv1xbmbiAmXc46u0poDM5y2nvns”); Linked spotify artist: Los Panchos (“https://open.spotify.com/artist/3Ker27Wbb9OcUHGs54JIAz?si=8S5sKG1yTeq1_z1D8d-6-g”)

Note. Facebook group A indicates the post originated from the Music in Spanish: Resources

for Music Therapists group. Facebook group C indicates the post originated from the Music in

Sunshine State Music Therapists group.

62

APPENDIX C

POSTS SUGGESTING MUSIC

Facebook group

Date post was

published

Total number of

comments in post

Songs suggested

Artists suggested

Genre/style suggested

Suggested invervention

to use the songs with

"I have used this songs with…"

Website / tool

suggested

A 3/15/15 22:48

1 Todo Cumbia - Julio Numhauser Navarro (Mercedes Sosa is the singer in linked video).

– – Lyric Analysis; Lyric substitution; Songwriting

Adults over 40

–

C 2/17/15 21:02

3 Debajo Un Botón.

Alina Celeste

– progressively remove syllables…

Kids (Youtube video) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y3JUVBwZ7ig&fbclid=IwAR2zzkVA32cUnnyCxDPVCxigVeCwyRsAJjhgl0KMNqdMHgvo8GJVMZvmF4o

A 3/17/15 3:09 3 – – – – – Linked blog titled "Música de México: PARTITURAS DE MÚSICA TRADICIONAL MEXICANA" https://musicadmexico.blogspot.com (Mexican songs, sheet music/chords & lyrics)

A 4/16/15 20:19

4 Un Beso y Una Flor - Nino Bravo.

– – – Hospice; End of life situations for adults; Cancer center

–

A 4/18/15 12:02

3 Dos Manitas,

– – – – Linked blog titled "Dos Manitas,

63

Diez Deditos.

Diez Deditos" ("https://whmusictherapy.com/2015/04/dos-manitas-diez-deditos/?fbclid=IwAR0fJEoqZhP8R39ETJm_ilyTUVzblKen45Fsd20kJGJKVLDSpwE1vNSWgLc")

A 6/1/15 20:10 4 Nuestro Juramento - Julio Jaramillo (OP).

Julio Jaramillo

waltzes; boleros; ecuadoria pasillos

– Suggested for Ecuador

–

A 7/21/15 16:04

1 El Cantor de Fonseca - Jorge Oñate; El cantor de Fonseca performed by Carlos Vives.

– vallenato (Colombia folk genre)

– All ages; more appropriate for adults

–

A 6/17/15 23:44

2 A Tajitos de Caña - Juan Fernando Velasco (written by Hernán Sotomayor) (OP).

– – – Suggested for "the 50 and over generation"; "Dedicated to all Ecuadorean women"

–

A 3/15/15 23:23

16 La Bamba; Cielito Lindo; La Cucaracha; Las Mañanitas; De Colores; (OP). Ranchera / Folk: La Llorona - Chavela Vargas ; Mexico Lindo y Querido. Traditional mariachi: Guadalajara; Cielo Rojo; La malagueña; Son de la negra. Cucurucucu paloma; Historia de un amor; La Cigarra; Sabor a mi. Dos

Vicente Fernandez; Jose Alfredo Jimenez; Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlan; Linda Ronstadt (Canciones de mi padre); Jose Alfredo Jimenez; Lola Beltran; Toña La Negra; Chavela Vargas; Aida Cuevas; Juan Gabriel

Ranchera / Folk; Traditional mariachi

– (OP) Older adults in nursing homes; patients from Mexico / have parents from Mexico

–

64

Arbolitos - Aida Cuevas.

A 9/11/15 15:26

6 Cuando Salí de Cuba - Luis Aguilé

– Cuban – – –

A 4/26/16 7:42 0 (Songs Suggested in linked video/post)

– – – Hispanic children

Linked video post by "Like,si Recuerdas?" (Facebook page) with song suggestions for children ("https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1166663876677541&id=826944980649434&refid=18&__tn__=H-R")

A 7/11/16 7:46 0 Ese Camino - Julieta Venegas

Julieta Venegas

Mexican pop

Lyric analysis

Teens and adults

–

A 9/20/16 18:48

8 – – – – – (downloaded) Linked excel sheet with both english and spanish songs organized by title, artist, year, language/country, which includes facts for trivia/conversation material about the some of the songs. Titles are songs the individual has learned through internship and beyond

A 11/25/16 0:39

1 Gracias A La Vida - Mercedes Sosa

– – – – –

A 12/7/16 21:34

7 (OP) Mi Burrito Sabanero. Villancico Yaucano (Ednita Nazario version) for Puerto Rican patients.

– – – During christmas

Linked video playlist of songs for "La Purisima" (a Nicaraguan Catholic tradition similar to caroling)

65

Campana de Belen; Peces en el Río; Tu Gloria, Tu Gloria; Por Eso El Cristianismo; Songs in the linked playlist for "La Purisima" tradition. Feliz Navidad - José Feliciano; Tamborilero. In Colombia: La burra rin rin; A la nanita nana; Campanas a Belén. In Peru ("all of the above and"): Navidad Oh Navidad; Al Mundo Paz; Ven a Cantar; Noche de Paz; Vamos pastores vamos; En el portal de Belén; Blanca Navidad; Cascabel; Traditional "huaynos navideños": Rueda Rueda; Cholito Jesus.

("https://youtu.be/6O9dVk1-iq8")

A 12/14/16 22:37

0 Puente - Ricardo Arjona

– – – – Linked song chart

A 12/5/17 21:46

0 Venimos Desde Lejos

– "Latin Christmas music"

– Dominican –

A 12/5/17 22:32

2 Dame La Mano Paloma

– "Classic Christmas song Puerto Rico"

– – –

A 12/06/17 1607

1 A La Huella A La Huella (Peregrinación) - Felix Luna; El Niño

– Translation: "…from Argentina… traditional song for Christmas"

– – –

66

Dios ha nacido.

A 12/5/17 22:49

5 (OP): Rueda Rueda

– Peru; Christmas (Linked video title says "RUEDA RUEDA Villancico Navidad en el Peru Coro Manuel Pardo Huayno navideño RADIO SICUANI")

– – –

A 12/31/17 19:33

2 Un Año Más - Nacho Cano (sung by Ana Torroja)

– 80s; Song from Spain about New Years Eve

– – –

A 5/16/18 13:52

1 Hasta La Raíz - Natalia Lafourcade

Natalia Lafourcade (recommended album: Mujer Divina)

– Hospital setting; Legacy Project; Any age

– –

A 8/9/18 20:18 8 Songs in linked Google doc

– Within shared document: Patriotic; Slow Romantic songs; Faster Tempo Songs; Christian; hymns

– Puerto Rican elderly clients

Google Doc that has a list of 22 songs for Puerto Rican Elderly clients ("https://docs.google.com/document/d/1pA9N_JjBTOYvgOxy4rU9GkhmJ4cWqyHxFiZDIDJUVNk/edit?fbclid=IwAR2QXxRnemyPYUEtcjmQsZ3qWbWyzBgz46Ynq9g5hl8U6seYhxWD5l-xvuc")

A 8/13/18 8:58 0 (List of 4000 songs by artist within a linked website)

– – – – Website with a list of 4000 songs in Spanish organized by artist with information about decade and country of origin of the artist. ("http://www.miguel-

67

a.es/ECOS/0-INDICE.htm?fbclid=IwAR3hKqkvfUhRYELCGZfNbOlDwfdDrSUzit7iLZozYtd_5O-ie4wM_Mpfa-A")

A 8/23/18 7:09 2 Las Estrellitas

– children's song

Early Intervention session

– Linked Facebook video of Las Estrellitas sung by an MT ("https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=254223488562426&id=1153650781389635&refid=18&__tn__=H-R")

A 9/14/28 17:51

2 Sol Solecito (Cuban)

– children's song

Early intervention session

– Linked Facebook video of Sol Solecito sung by an MT ("https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=299574450819598&id=1153650781389635")

A 10/14/18 11:05

0 Linked youtube video: Shake Them Bones (spanish version) by Nathalia Palis (Disney's "Skeleton Dance")

– – "If your working with kids this could be a good bilingual movement tune to sing this month!" (October)

– Linked YouTube video titled: "Shake Them Bones" by Nathalia ("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVBog88nKy4&feature=youtu.be&fbclid=IwAR1Bl3AoCw0CXNNC4oCMnjF2VDIQn8ZltD7KNCFC7jbgmMgXQKxcT5cjve4")

A 3/25/19 23:54

0 Songs in linked video post by "Pero Like"

– – "Guess that tune" game

Older clients linked video post by "Pero Like" (Facebook page) titled "23 Songs

68

Strictly for Latinos with Old Souls" ("https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=2273266836094028&id=837731992980860")

A 3/2/19 12:42 3 Songs listed in the linked Blog

– – – – Linked website with "a blog post about 15 songs to use with Spanish speaking clients and a video workshop on Spanish songs & interventions" ("https://mailchi.mp/musictherapyandwellnesshub.com/happy-world-music-therapy-day?fbclid=IwAR0rvJYxFPTsCoJd0UPVnu9XiYwcaaVKfhn30xQ8IYiuVfL_L1C7SDugUq4") direct Link to blog with 15 songs that OP mentioned in their post ("https://musicworxinc.com/2019/02/19/15-songs-in-spanish-for-music-therapy/")

A 4/23/19 11:29

2 Gracias A La Vida - Mercedes Sosa

– – – – –

A 8/1/19 22:45 0 Songs in linked video

– – – – Linked video titled "7 Mexican Songs You've Heard And Don't Know The Name" with piano

69

samples of the songs listed ("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9SZRxYacIY&feature=youtu.be&fbclid=IwAR29_2i3qofqTQ2k4ls0H_o7Kr1PDIjMVQvKfDETwBK2hLX_xHECxhUC0_o")

A 8/6/19 13:28 4 Amor Eterno

– – – – –

A 9/29/19 17:08

0 Songs by Jose Jose listed in linked video

José José (mexican singer)

Mexican ballad (singer); Latin pop (singer)

– – Linked video by Pero Like titled "18 José José Songs Garanteed to Make Your Latino Dad CRY" ("https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=2608668885887153&id=837731992980860")

A 10/9/19 9:46 0 Mientras Tanto - Tommy Torres ft Ricardo Arjona

– – – – –

A 10/9/19 8:47 2 Songs listed in linked Pero Like video

– 90s Pop Songs

– "All great songs to use with young adults, gen xrs and late millennials."

Linked video by "Pero Like" (Facebook page) titled "'90s Pop Songs En Español That Will Make You Feel Old" ("https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=2331179676969410&id=837731992980860")

A 12/13/19 10:53

0 La Magia - Little Jesus

– Indie rock/pop ("part of modern Mexican/Latin culture")

Lyric analysis

Suggested for the "teens, millenials, young adult crowd"

–

70

A 3/9/20 17:20 0 Songs listed in linked post/image

– – Linked image that provided portions of the songs to sing while washing hands for 20 seconds

– linked post / image titled "Música de los 90's para lavarse las manos con swing" (Music from the 90s to wash your hands with swing) ("https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=185283226230186&id=107154477376395&ref=group_browse"); Description of image in the post: "I have seen many posts about 20 secs hand washing songs in English. A lavarse las manos con swing de los 90’s! Feel free to share!"

A 4/9/20 16:53 7 La Bamba – – – Pediatric patient (OP); Memory care group

–

A 4/14/20 18:16

0 Ave que emigra - Gaby Moreno

– – – – –

Note. Facebook group A indicates the post originated from the Music in Spanish: Resources

for Music Therapists group. Facebook group C indicates the post originated from the Music in

Sunshine State Music Therapists group.

71

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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

Christian G. Vélez Rodríguez was born in Ponce, Puerto Rico. After completing his schoolwork

at Academia Adventista Dr. Dennis Soto in Ponce in 2013, Christian entered the Inter American

University of Puerto Rico in San German, Puerto Rico. He received a Bachelor of Music in

Music Education: General-Vocal and a minor in Psychology in June 2018. In August 2018, he

entered the Music Therapy Master’s equivalency program at The Florida State University in

Tallahassee. He completed his internship at Tallahassee Memorial Behavioral Health Center in

2019 and became a board certified music therapists (MT-BC) in March 2020. This thesis is

submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Music Degree in Music

Therapy from The Florida State University, to be awarded in the summer of 2020.