Metastatic breast cancerInformation for women from Chinese backgrounds living in Australia

Simplified Chinese | English

转移性乳癌为居住在澳大利亚的华裔女性提供的资讯

简体中文 | 英语

About us

Breast Cancer Network Australia (BCNA) is the peak organisation for people affected by breast cancer in Australia. BCNA works to make sure that people diagnosed with breast cancer and their families get the very best support, information, treatment and care possible.

BCNA has a range of free information, including Hope & Hurdles, for people with metastatic breast cancer. Visit bcna.org.au or call 1800 500 258 for more information.

BCNA would like to thank the Chinese Cancer Society of Victoria, CanRevive and the people affected by metastatic breast cancer who contributed to the development of this booklet. All of the quotes in this booklet come from women from Chinese backgrounds affected by metastatic breast cancer.

This project is a Cancer Australia Supporting people with cancer Grant initiative, funded by the Australian Government.

关于我们

澳 大 利 亚 乳 癌 网 络（Breast Cancer

Network Australia， 简 称 BCNA） 是澳大利亚受乳癌影响的人士的頂尖组织。BCNA 致力于为确诊患有乳癌的人士及其家属尽可能提供最佳的支援、资讯、治疗和护理。

BCNA 拥有一系列免费资料供转移性乳癌 人 士 使 用， 包 括 Hope & Hurdles。请浏览我们的网站 bcna.org.au 或致电

1800 500 258 了解更多资讯。

BCNA 感 谢 维 省 新 生 会 (Chinese

Cancer Society of Victoria)、 更 生 会(CanRevive) 以及受转移性乳癌影响的女性，帮助本手册的撰写。本手册中的所有引用来自受转移性乳癌影响的华裔女性。

本计划是澳大利亚癌症协会支援癌症病患者的倡议项目，并由澳大利亚政府资助。

1

本手册內容 In this booklet

第一节

SECTION ONE

关于转移性乳癌 2

About metastatic breast cancer

您可能出现的症狀 8

Symptoms you may experience

了解医疗保健系统的情況 10

Finding your way through the

health system

第二节

SECTION TWO

转移性乳癌的治疗 14

Treatment for metastatic

breast cancer

管理症狀及治疗的副作用 24

Managing symptoms and side

effects from treatment

第三节

SECTION THREE

好好生活 50

Living well

提前计划 70

Planning ahead

更多资讯 72

More information

2

SECTION ONE

About metastatic breast cancerThis booklet is for women who have just found out they have metastatic breast cancer.

Most women feel very frightened when they are told they have metastatic breast cancer (breast cancer that has spread from the breast to other parts of the body). Many will have lived through the upset of early breast cancer and may have believed they were cured. For others a diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer might be the first time they have had breast cancer.

In this booklet you will find information about metastatic breast cancer and its treatments.

It aims to give you:

• hope, as many people with metastatic breast cancer live for years with their cancer under control

• confidence that your cultural needs will be respected

• comfort that decisions will be made with you and your family.

What is metastatic breast cancer?

Figure 1: Common sites where breast cancer may spread

Metastatic breast cancer is breast cancer that has spread to other organs in the body. It is found most often in the bones, lungs, liver, or less often, in the brain.

Although metastatic breast cancer has spread to another part of the body, it is still treated with breast cancer treatments. For example, breast cancer that has spread to the bones is still breast cancer (not bone cancer). It is treated with breast cancer drugs, rather than treatments for a cancer that began in the bones.

3

肝脏

骨骼

骨骼

肺

大脑

第一节

关于转移性乳癌

本手册是为刚发现罹患转移性乳癌的女性编写的。

当被告知罹患转移性乳癌（從乳房扩散到身体其他部位的乳癌）时，大多数女性都会感到很害怕。许多人都会经历早期乳癌的烦恼，并可能相信他们已经被治愈了。对于其他人， 转移性乳癌的诊断可能是他们第一次患有乳癌。

在本手册中，您將找到有关转移性乳腺癌的资讯及其治疗方法。

其目的是給您：

• 希望，因為許多转移性乳癌病患者在癌症受到控制的情況下会活多年

• 确信您的文化需求將得到尊重

• 您和您的家人一同做決定，你会得到安慰。

何谓转移性乳癌？

图 1：乳癌可能扩散的常见部位

转移性乳癌是已经扩散到身体其他器官的乳癌。最常见于骨骼、肺、肝脏，在大脑中較少发生。

虽然转移性乳癌已经扩散到身体的另一部位， 但仍然使用乳癌治疗方法。例如，已经扩散到骨骼的乳癌仍然属于乳癌（而不是骨癌）。使用乳癌药物进行治疗，而不使用始于骨骼之癌症的治疗方法。

4

Why did I get metastatic breast cancer?

When I first received the diagnosis of cancer, I was frightened and I thought ‘Why me?’ as I never smoke and I have good dietary intake.

We do not know why some breast cancers spread and others don’t. We do not know why some spread very early and others do not spread for many years.

There is no proof that things such as an operation, another illness or stress can cause metastatic breast cancer.

Myths

Here there are certain people who may be afraid of me if I raise this topic in front of them as they see cancer as a plague.

In Chinese culture, people sometimes talk about cancer as a punishment for bad actions or bad luck because of one’s ancestors, or even refer to it as the ‘plague’. There are many myths about cancer that are not true.

It is not true that:

• you get cancer because you deserve it

• cancer can be passed on from one person to another (contagious)

• cancer is something that people cause themselves, or a punishment.

Most of the time we do not know what causes breast cancer.

What does it mean for me?

When you first hear that you have metastatic breast cancer, it is very normal to wonder if this means you will die soon. Although there is generally no cure (the cancer is not likely to go away completely), metastatic breast cancer can be controlled and treated for most people, sometimes for many years. This means the aim of treatment is to control the growth of cancer for as long as possible and manage the symptoms, so that you can live your life well.

We encourage you and your family to talk about this with your treatment team. It is important to understand:

• what your diagnosis means

• the treatments you might have

• what is the aim of treatment

• what your doctor hopes will happen.

5

我为什么会罹患转移性乳癌？

当我第一次接受癌症诊断时，我感到害怕，我想「为什么会是我？」，因为我从不吸烟而且我有很好的饮食习惯。

我们不知道为什么一些乳癌会扩散，而另一些乳癌则不会。我们不知道为什么某些乳癌扩散的时间非常早，而另一些乳癌多年也不会扩散。

并无证据表明手术、另一种疾病或压力等情況可能导致转移性乳癌。

谬见

如果我在这些人面前提这个话题，他们可能会害怕我，因为他们将癌症视为瘟疫。

在中国文化中，人们有时候将癌症视为对祖先的恶行或坏运气的惩罚，甚至把它称为「瘟疫」。有很多关于癌症的虛假谬见。

以下说法不正确：

• 您罹患癌症，因为您罪有应得

• 癌症可以從一个人传给另一个人（传染性）

• 癌症是人们自己造成的或是惩罚。

我们大多数时候不知道是什么原因导致乳癌。

癌症对我来说意味著什么？

当您第一次听到您罹患转移性乳癌时，怀疑这是否意味著您会很快死亡是正常反应。虽然通常无法治愈（癌症不太可能完全消失），但是对大多数人来说，转移性乳癌是可以控制和治疗的（有时候在多年內）。这意味著，治疗的目的是尽可能长时间控制癌症的恶化，

并控制其症狀，使您能够好好生活。

我们鼓励您和您的家人与您的治疗团队对此进行交流。必须理解：

• 您的诊断的涵义

• 您可能采用的治疗方法

• 治疗的目的是什么

• 您的医生希望有什么发生。

6

How is it treated?

There are many treatments for metastatic breast cancer, which is why it can sometimes be controlled for a long time. Metastatic breast cancer can be different from person to person, so your doctors will recommend the best treatment for your type of breast cancer. For more information about treatments, see page 14.

Who will be caring for me?

As there are different treatments at different times, there will be a few different health professionals involved in your care. This is called a multidisciplinary team. See page 10 for information on health professionals who may be in your team.

What do I tell people?

My husband used to be afraid to know about my disease, but he is a lot more open to this. I think people should be more open to talk about cancer and not be afraid of it.

You may feel scared to tell others about your cancer. Some of your friends and family may avoid seeing you or talking about the cancer. This could be because they do not understand cancer or are scared. This may make you feel very alone. It can help if you tell others that metastatic breast cancer is an illness that needs lifelong treatment. Sometimes you may be sick, but much of the time you may feel better.

7

如何治疗？

转移性乳癌有许多治疗方法，这是为什么它有时可以长期控制。转移性乳癌可能因人而異，因此您的医生将为您的乳癌类型推荐最佳治疗方法。如需治疗的更多资讯，请参阅第 15 页。

谁会给我提供护理？

由于在不同时间采用不同的治疗方法，所以您的护理中会有一些不同的医疗专业人员参与。这被称为多学科团队。如需知道在您的团队中的其他医疗专业人员资讯，请参阅第 11 页。

我告诉人们什么？

我的丈夫过去常常害怕知道我的病，但他现在更容易接受了。我认为人们应该更开放谈论癌症，而不要害怕。

您可能会害怕告诉別人您的癌症情況。您的一些朋友和家人可能会避免看到您或谈论癌症。这可能是因为他们不了解癌症或是感到害怕。这可能会让您感到非常孤独。告诉別人转移性乳癌是一种需要終身治疗的疾病，可帮助别人解除误解；虽然有时您可能会生病，但很多时候您可能会觉得更好。

8

Symptoms you may experienceEvery woman’s experience of metastatic breast cancer is different. The symptoms you have may depend on:

• the parts of the body affected by the cancer

• any other health problems you may already have.

Some women have many symptoms while others have very few or none at all. If you are worried about symptoms, tell your doctor as there are often things that can be done to help you.

Metastatic breast cancer in the bone

Bone pain is a common symptom of cancer that has spread to the bones. It may feel like an endless ache. It may also become worse when you move around. This may be caused by damage to the bone. Cancer may also weaken the bones, causing them to break.

Metastatic breast cancer in the liver

Metastatic breast cancer in the liver can cause pain on the right side of the abdomen, under the ribs. You may feel tired, sick and unwell. You may lose your appetite and lose weight.

Metastatic breast cancer in the lungs

Metastatic breast cancer in the lungs may affect your breathing. Common symptoms include a cough that doesn’t go away, shortness of breath and pain in the chest that gets worse with deep breaths.

Metastatic breast cancer in the brain

It is less common for breast cancer to spread to the brain, but the thought of this happening can be very frightening. Waking up with headaches and nausea, changes in eye sight, feeling unsteady on your feet or changes in strength on one side of your body, are some symptoms people may have if they have breast cancer in the brain.

9

您可能出现的症狀

每名女性对转移性乳癌的体验各不相同。您出现的症狀可能取決于：

• 身体受癌症影响的部位

• 您可能已经有的任何其他健康问题。

一些女性出现许多症狀，而其他女性则很少或根本沒有。如果您担心症狀，请告诉您的医生，因为医生可以针对您的症状提供帮助。

转移性乳癌（骨骼）

骨痛是癌症扩散至骨骼的常见症狀。它可能感觉像是无尽的痛苦。当您四处走动时，也可能变得更糟。这可能是由于骨骼的损伤引起的。癌症也可能削弱骨骼机能，导致骨折。

转移性乳癌（肝脏）

转移性乳癌（肝脏）可引起腹部右侧肋骨下方的疼痛。您可能会感到疲倦、呕心和不适。您可能会出现食欲減退及体重下降。

转移性乳癌（肺）

转移性乳癌（肺）可能会影响您的呼吸。常见的症狀包括咳嗽不止、呼吸短促和深呼吸时会加重胸部的疼痛。

转移性乳癌（大脑）

乳癌扩散到大脑不太常见，但这种情況的想法可能非常可怕。如果罹患乳癌（大脑），可能会出现一些症狀：醒来头痛呕心、视力改变、站立感觉不稳或身体一侧的力量变化。

10

Finding your way through the health care systemSome Chinese may not know much about the Australian healthcare system and what kinds of support that they may be entitled to.

There are many people who will be involved in your care. This may be confusing. You may not know who to speak to if you have a question or are worried. Knowing what each of them does can help you know which person to speak to if you have questions.

The following health professionals may be involved in your care.

Doctors

General practitioner (GP): helps with everyday health worries. This can include help with pain, fatigue, worry and any general questions you may have.

Medical oncologist: diagnoses and treats cancer. Your medical oncologist will most likely be the person who will lead your care. They will refer you to other doctors if needed.

Radiation oncologist: treats cancer using radiation therapy (radiotherapy) to shrink it or to help relieve pain. The radiation oncologist decides which radiotherapy treatment might help and for how long you may need it.

Specialist surgeon: surgery is sometimes used to treat metastatic breast cancer. For example, it might be used to fix a broken bone or to get rid of a cancer which causes problems in a part of the body.

Nurses

Oncology/chemotherapy nurses: The oncology nurses may give you chemotherapy and help with other anti-cancer treatments. They can also help you manage nausea, pain or other symptoms you may have from the cancer or its treatment.

Breast care nurses: are available in some hospitals and community health centres. A breast care nurse can give you information, counselling and support. She can also help coordinate your care and link you with other health professionals or supports you may need. If you would like to see a breast care nurse, talk to your medical oncologist or visit the McGrath Foundation website to find one near you mcgrathfoundation.com.au.

11

了解医疗保健系统的情況

一些华裔可能不太了解澳大利亚的医疗保健系统，以及他们可以获得什么样的协助。

有很多人会参与您的护理。这可能令人困惑。如果您有疑问或担心，您可能不知道该咨询谁。清楚他们每个人的工作，可以帮助您了解在有疑问时该联络谁。

以下医疗专业人员可能会参与您的护理。

医生

家庭医生 (GP)： 帮助处理日常健康问题。这可能包括帮助处理您可能出现的疼痛、疲劳、忧虑和任何一般问题。

肿瘤內科专科医生： 诊断和治疗癌症。肿瘤內科专科医生很可能是領导护理的人员。如果需要，他们会将您转介给其他医生。

放射肿瘤专科医生： 使用放射疗法治疗癌症，以缩小肿瘤或帮助缓解疼痛。放射肿瘤专科医生決定哪种放射治疗可能有帮助，以及您可能需要该治疗多长时间。

外科专科医生： 手术有时用于治疗转移性乳癌。例如，它可能用于修复断骨或切除导致身体部位出问题的肿瘤。

护士

肿瘤护士 / 化疗护士： 肿瘤护士可能会给您化疗，并帮助其他抗癌治疗。他们还可以帮助您控制呕心、疼痛或其他可能因癌症或其治疗而出现的症狀。

乳腺专科护士： 一些医院和社区保健中心有乳腺专科护士。乳腺专科护士可以为您提供资讯、咨询和支援。她还可以帮助协调您的护理，并将您与其他医疗专业人员或您可能需要的支援关联起来。如果您想要找乳腺专科护士，请咨询您的肿瘤內科专科医生，或浏览 McGrath Foundation 网站 mcgrathfoundation.com.au 在您附近找一个乳腺专科 护士。

12

Other health professionals

Social worker: helps with emotional and practical issues. For example, social workers can link you to services that help you at home and give you information about financial (money) support.

Psychologist/counsellor: helps you and/or your family talk about things that may be worrying you.

Dietitian: helps with information about healthy eating while living with cancer and treatment and with problems such as poor appetite, nausea or constipation.

Physiotherapist: helps with mobility, exercise and lymphoedema. Lymphoedema is swelling of the arm or chest wall that sometimes happens when you have lymph nodes removed from your armpit.

Occupational therapist: can visit you in your home and suggest changes to make life easier e.g. equipment such as a handrail in the bathroom.

Palliative care team: specialist doctors, nurses, social workers and pastoral care workers who can help with physical symptoms such as pain or breathlessness. They can help your family care for you in your home. They also help with emotional and spiritual needs.

Pastoral care worker: respects all faiths and religious beliefs. They can help you adjust to your situation and talk about your life and its meaning. They may make you feel more hopeful and help you to find more joy in your life.

Tip: Cancer Council Victoria appointment card

Cancer Council Victoria has an appointment card that can be used by anyone in any location across Australia. This can be translated in your language to help you remember when and where your next appointment is. Speak to your nurse about filling in the card and printing it for you. Visit cancervic.org.au/multilingual-card.

13

其他医疗专业人员

社会工作者： 帮助处理情绪和实际问题。例如，社会工作者可以将您连结至居家帮助服务，并提供有关財务（金钱）支援的资讯。

心理学家 / 辅导员： 帮助您和 / 或您的家人谈论可能令您担忧的事情。

营养师： 当罹患癌症并接受治疗以及出现食欲不振、呕心或便秘等问题时提供有关健康饮食的资讯。

物理治疗师： 帮助处理移动能力、运动和淋巴水肿。淋巴水肿是手臂或胸壁的肿胀，有时在您从腋窝清除淋巴结时发生。

职业治疗师： 可以在您家中探访您，并提出建议，让您在生活上变得更轻松，例如安装浴室扶手等设备。

纾缓治疗团队： 专科医生、护士、社会工作者和精神关怀工作者，可以帮助处理身体症狀，如疼痛或呼吸困难。他们可以帮助您的家人在家里照顾您。他们也可帮助解決情感和精神上的需求。

精神关怀工作者： 尊重所有信念和宗教信仰。他们可以帮助您调整以适应您的情況，并谈论您的生活及其意义。他们可能会让您感到生活更有希望，并帮助您在生活中找到更多的快乐。

提示： 维州癌症委员会预约卡

维州癌症委员会提供一张预约卡，可供澳大利亚任何地方的任何人使用。这可以翻译成您的语言，以帮助您记住下一次预约的时间和地点。请咨询您的护士，了解如何填写预约卡並列印给您。请造访 cancervic.org.au/multilingual-card。

14

SECTION TWO

Treatment for metastatic breast cancerIt is important to be strong and bold to go through the treatment process. I know it is not easy as I have also taken a long time to accept this reality and change my mindset.

Although metastatic breast cancer is not considered curable, there are many treatments available. These aim to:

• control the growth of cancer

• help manage symptoms

• improve your quality of life

• allow you to live for as long as possible.

When you make your appointment to see your doctor, tell him/her if you need an interpreter. An interpreter can help you understand your breast cancer and its treatment. There will be many medical words your doctor may use. An interpreter can help you understand these too. It is not the role of the interpreter to directly provide information or advice about your illness.

It is a good idea to write down questions you want to ask your doctor and take these to your appointment. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. It is also a good idea to take a family member or friend with you to appointments. They can also ask questions or write notes about what the doctor says.

Tips for things you might like to talk to your doctor about:

• how you are feeling

• if you have any side effects of treatment that may be worrying you

• if you have pain

• if you have noticed any changes from your last visit.

15

第二节

转移性乳癌的治疗

必须刚強勇敢地完成治疗过程。我知道这不容易，因为我也花了很长时间来接受这个现实，并改变了我的心态。

尽管转移性乳癌不被认为是可治愈的，但也有很多治疗方法可用。这些治疗方法的目标是：

• 控制癌症的恶化

• 帮助控制症狀

• 提高您的生活品质

• 尽可能延长您的寿命。

当您预约访问医生时，请告诉他 / 她是否需要口译员。口译员可以帮助您了解您的乳癌及其治疗方法。医生可能会使用许多医学词汇。口译员也可以帮助您了解这些医学词汇。口译员不负责直接对您的疾病提供资讯或建议。

最好写下您想要问医生的问题，并在预约时带上这些问题。不要害怕提问。预约时带上您的家人或朋友也是个好办法。他们也可以就医生说的內容提问或做笔记。

您可能想要告诉医生以下方面的提示：

• 您感觉如何

• 您的治疗是否出現任何可能令您担心的副作用

• 您是否感到疼痛

• 您是否注意到上次探访以來的任何变化。

16

What do breast cancer treatments do?

Treatment for metastatic breast cancer is given to:

• slow the growth and spread of the cancer, or even shrink it

• control pain and other symptoms.

Research has given us a better understanding of breast cancer and so there are many new treatments available. If one type of treatment does not work for you, there will usually be others to try.

There are treatments:

• for your whole body; these find cancer cells wherever they may be

• that treat a specific area where the breast cancer has spread.

The type of treatment your doctor suggests for you may also depend on:

• your age

• any breast cancer treatments you have had before

• your general health

• your wishes.

(i) Treatments for your whole body

Hormone therapy

Hormones are found naturally in your body. Some breast cancers rely on the hormones oestrogen and progesterone to grow. This is called ‘hormone-receptor positive’ breast cancer. Hormone treatments are used to stop the cancer from growing. Hormone medicines are tablets taken every day. Sometimes hormone therapies can make your joints feel stiff or sore, or cause hot flushes.

17

乳癌治疗方法有何用？

提供转移性乳癌的治疗方法是为：

• 減缓肿瘤的恶化和扩散，甚至缩小肿瘤

• 控制疼痛等症狀。

调查使我们更好地了解乳癌，因此有很多新的治疗方法可用。如果一种治疗方法对您无效，通常会有其他方法可尝试。

有的治疗方法：

• 适合您的全身；这些治疗方法可以发现任何地方的癌细胞

• 用于治疗乳癌扩散的特定区域。

您医生建议您使用的治疗类型也可能取決于：

• 您的年龄

• 您曾经接受过的任何乳癌治疗方法

• 您的总体健康

• 您的愿望。

(i) 适合您全身的治疗方法

荷尔蒙疗法

荷尔蒙自然存在于体內。一些乳腺肿瘤依赖雌荷尔蒙和孕酮荷尔蒙才能生长。这被称作「荷尔蒙受体阳性」乳癌。荷尔蒙治疗用于阻止肿瘤生长。荷尔蒙药物是每天服用的片剂。有时，荷尔蒙疗法可使关节感觉僵硬或疼痛，或引起热潮紅。

18

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy uses medication to kill cancer cells that have spread through the body. It destroys fast growing cells such as cancer, as well as normal cells in places like the mouth, hair or stomach. Damage to the normal cells causes side effects. These may include:

• a sore mouth

• feeling sick

• poor appetite

• hair loss.

These normal cells get better in time.

There are different types of chemotherapy. Most chemotherapy is given using a small needle and tube in your arm or hand, to feed the medication through your veins. This is called an intravenous or IV drip. Chemotherapy is very strong medicine, so it is safer for people who do not have cancer to take care not to touch the medicines. That is why oncology nurses and doctors wear gloves, goggles, gowns and, sometimes, masks.

Some chemotherapy medicines are given in tablets. Each type of chemotherapy has different side effects. Your medical oncologist will be able to tell you what side effects you may get from the chemotherapy you have. Most side effects can be managed with help from your doctor or nurse.

Targeted therapy

Targeted therapies are medicines that stop the growth of particular types of breast cancer cells. This medicine does not affect other cells in the body as much. One of the most common targeted therapies is Herceptin. It is used to treat a type of breast cancer that is called HER2-positive. This means the cancer has too many proteins on the cells, which causes the cancer to grow and spread. These proteins are called HER2 receptors. Herceptin may be given using a needle and tube to feed the medication through your veins (IV drip). Sometimes it can be given as an injection under the skin.

19

化疗

化疗使用化学药物殺伤已扩散到全身的癌细胞。它会破坏快速生长的细胞（如肿瘤）以及像口腔、头发或胃部等部位的正常细胞。正常细胞的损伤会引发副作用。这些副作用可能包括：

• 口腔肿痛

• 感到呕心

• 食欲不振

• 脫发。

这些正常的细胞随著时间的推移会变好。

化疗分不同类型。大多数化疗是在手臂或手上使用小针管透过静脉给药。这被称为静脉滴注法。化疗使用非常強效的药物，所以对于沒有罹患癌症的人来说，注意不要接触药物会更安全。因此，肿瘤科护士和医生会穿戴手套、护目镜、长袍，有时也戴口罩。

一些化疗药物以片剂形式给药。每种化疗都有不同的副作用。肿瘤內科专科医生将能告诉您化疗可能产生哪些副作用。大多数副作用可以在医生或护士的帮助下进行控制。

针对性治疗

靶向疗法使用阻止特定类型乳癌细胞生长的药物。该药不会那么影响体內其他细胞。最常见的靶向疗法之一是使用贺癌平

(Herceptin)。它用于治疗一种称为 HER2

阳性的乳癌。这意味著癌细胞上的蛋白质太多，导致癌症生长和扩散。这些蛋白质被称为 HER2 受体。贺癌平可以使用针管透过静脉给药（静脉滴注法）。有时，它可以皮下注射方式给药。

20

Supportive therapy

If you have metastatic breast cancer in your bones, you may be given medications to stop any problems. These might include bone pain or too much calcium in the blood that can make you feel unwell. Treatments can help stop this from happening. They may be given through an IV drip, taken as a tablet or given as an injection under the skin.

(ii) Local treatment

Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy uses beams of radiation directed at the cancer to kill cancer cells. It is usually given using a machine outside the body. Radiotherapy does not make you radioactive. This means it is safe for you to be in close contact with your family and children.

Radiotherapy can be used to ease the pain in the bones, skin or brain. It does this by shrinking the cancer. It may take a few weeks before the pain is gone. Treatment is given in hospital, and you may need to visit several times. The radiation oncologist will talk to you about when and how often you may need radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy can make:

• you feel tired

• your skin red

• you feel sick.

The side effects depend on which part of the body is being treated. Medication can help with side effects. They will improve when radiotherapy is finished.

Surgery

Surgery is an operation to take out the cancer. It is not often used for women with metastatic breast cancer. However, sometimes it can be used to:

• remove cancer from a part of the body like the brain or backbone that is causing symptoms such as headaches or difficulty walking

• prevent or fix a break in the bone

• remove fluid that has collected around the lungs, heart or the stomach to help you feel more comfortable.

For more information on treatment side effects and how to manage these, see page 24.

21

支援疗法

如果转移性乳癌扩散到骨骼，可能会给药来阻止任何问题。这些问题可能包括让您感觉不适的骨痛或血液中的钙过多。治疗可以帮助阻止这种问题发生。可以透过静脉滴注法、片

剂服用或皮下注射方式给药。

(ii) 局部治疗

放射疗法

放射疗法使用针对癌症的辐射束来殺伤癌细胞。通常使用体外机器给药。放射疗法不会使您产生放射性。这意味著您可以安全地与家人和孩子亲密接触。

放射疗法可用于缓解骨骼、皮肤或大脑的疼痛。它凭藉缩小肿瘤来做到。疼痛消失可能需要几周的时间。在医院给予治疗，您可能需要随访多次。放射肿瘤专科医生会和您讨论您可能需要放疗的时间和频率。

放射疗法可以使您：

• 感觉疲劳

• 皮肤发紅

• 感到呕心。

副作用取決于正在治疗身体的哪一部位。药物可以治疗副作用。放射疗法完成后，副作用会有所改善。

外科手术

外科手术是切除肿瘤的手术，不常用于转移性乳癌的女性。然而，有时可以用于：

• 從身体的某个部位（大脑或骨干）切除导致头痛或行走困难等症狀的肿瘤

• 防止或修复骨折

• 清除肺、心脏或胃周围收集的液体，以帮助您感觉更舒适。

如需治疗副作用及如何管理这些副作用的更多资讯，请参阅第 25 页。

22

Clinical trials

Whenever I have found any additional information in relation to new medicine available, I will ask my doctor if this medicine is on the market. I normally receive this information from various websites that have Chinese as their main language or from other patients who are experiencing the same situation as me.

Clinical trials are ways to find new and better treatments for breast cancer. Choosing to take part in a clinical trial could give you the chance to use a treatment for free that you may not otherwise be able to have. This may be important if a treatment is not working well or if a new treatment has been found to work better for your type of cancer. Your medical oncologist can give you more information and explain if a clinical trial is right for you. Clinical trials are not right for everyone.

You may also hear about other medicines that are available overseas but not in Australia. If you are concerned about whether a medicine might be right for you speak with your medical oncologist as it may not be safe or the right medicine for you.

Cancer treatments in Australia are among the best in the world. Care in another country is not likely to be better.

23

临床试验

每当我找到有关新药的更多资讯时，我会问我的医生这种药物是否上市。我通常会从中文网站或者从与我经历相同情形的病患者获得此资讯。

临床试验是寻找新的及更好的乳癌治疗方法的途径。选择参加临床试验可以让您有机会免费使用您可能无法另行享用的治疗。如果治疗效果不好，或者如果发现新的治疗方法对您的癌症类型有更好的疗效，这可能就很重要。您的肿瘤內科专科医生可以为您提供更多资讯，并解释临床试验是否适合您。临床试验并不适合每个人。

您也可能会听说其他可在海外上市但未在澳大利亚供应的药物。如果您担心某药物是否适合您，请咨询肿瘤內科专科医生，因为该药物可能不安全或不适合您。

澳大利亚的癌症治疗水平位居世界前列。在另一个国家的护理不一定比澳大利亚的护理好。

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Making decisions about treatment

Making decisions about treatment can be very difficult and everyone does this a bit differently. Some women like to have a lot of information and some women prefer to be guided by their doctors who are looking after them. Some women also prefer their families to make the decisions for them.

It is up to you to decide how much information you would like and how involved you would like to be in decisions about your treatment.

Some people may choose to have treatment even if it only offers a small chance of having a longer life. Others want to make sure that the benefits of treatment outweigh the side effects of treatment. It is important you talk to your doctor about your treatment and what it means for you.

How will I know my treatment is working?

Regular reviews and tests such as X-rays, scans or blood tests can be used to see if your treatment is working. If you are feeling better, this can also suggest that your treatment is working. It is important you speak to your doctor about tests you may be having. The results of tests may affect what ongoing treatments you have.

Managing symptoms and side effects from treatmentMetastatic breast cancer and its treatment can cause symptoms and side effects. These may depend on:

• the area in the body that your cancer has spread to

• the type of treatment you are having

• your general health and wellbeing.

It is important you tell your doctor or nurse about side effects that are worrying you. They can help you manage them and make sure everything is right.

Before you read this section, it is important to understand everyone is different and will manage in different ways. You may not want to read all this section now. You can always come back to it if you have a side effect that is worrying you.

25

做出治疗決定

做出治疗決定是非常困难的，每个人在做此決定时的情況略有不同。一些女性喜欢拥有很多资讯，另一些女性则更喜欢受照顾他们的医生的指导。有些女性也喜欢偏好家人为他们作出決定。

您需要決定自己需要多少资讯以及希望参与治疗決定的程度。

有些人可能会选择治疗，即使这样做延长寿命的机率很小。其他人希望确保治疗的好处超过治疗的副作用。咨询您的医生有关您的治疗方案，有助于您对该治疗方案

的了解，这是十分重要的。

我怎么知道我的治疗有效？

X- 射线、扫描或血液检查等定期复查和试验，可用于了解治疗是否有效。如果您感觉好一点，这也可表明您的治疗是有效的。必须就您可能进行的试验咨询医生。试验结果可能会影响您正在进行的治疗。

控制治疗的症狀和副作用

转移性乳癌及其治疗可引起症狀和副作用。这些症狀和副作用可能取決于：

• 肿瘤已扩散至体內的部位

• 您的治疗类型

• 您的总体健康和幸福。

必须告诉医生或护士您所担心的副作用。他们可以帮助您控制副作用，并确保一切正确。

在阅读本节之前，必须清楚每个人都是不同的，并以不同的方式管理副作用。您可能不想立即阅读本节所有內容。如果您出现让您担心的副作用，可以随时回来查阅。

治疗

好处 副作用

26

Pain

Many women fear that they will have pain because of metastatic breast cancer. It is important to know some women have little or no pain. It is also important to know that you can get help for pain.

Tell your doctor if your pain is not under control during the day, or if it is stopping you from sleeping at night. The doctor can change the dose or type of medication to help you manage your pain better. Sometimes your oncologist will suggest you see a specialist to manage the pain. This may be through a pain clinic or palliative care service. Without pain your life will be better and you will be able to do more of the things you want to do.

Some people worry about becoming dependant on medication. They may reduce the dose of pain killers because they worry they will become addicted to them. Others worry it means that the cancer is getting worse and they will die soon. There are many myths about medication that are not true. For example, you will not become addicted to morphine if you are taking it for pain. Many people take morphine for a long time to manage their pain better. It is important to keep on top of your pain.

Therapies such as relaxation therapy, acupuncture, gentle massage or hot or cold packs may also help.

Nerve pain

Sometimes cancer or chemotherapy can cause pain, tingling and numbness in the fingers and/or toes and muscle weakness in the legs. Nerve pain is due to either the cancer or the drug directly damaging the nerves. It is important if you have nerve pain to tell your doctor so the right medications can be given to you to help.

27

疼痛

许多女性担心会因转移性乳癌而感到疼痛。重要的是，一些女性很少或不会出现疼痛。同样重要的是，您可以寻求援助，帮助止痛。

如果您的疼痛在白天沒有受到控制或者您的疼痛在晚上让您无法入睡，请告诉您的医生。医生可以改变药物的剂量或类型，以帮助您更好地控制您的疼痛。有时，肿瘤內科专科医生会建议您找专家控制疼痛。这可能是透过疼痛门诊或纾缓治疗服务。沒有痛苦，您的生活会更好，您将能够做更多您想做的事情。

有些人担心会变得依赖药物。他们可能減少止痛药的剂量，因为他们担心他们会对止痛药上瘾。其他人担心这意味著癌症会越来越严重，他们很快就会死亡。有很多关于药物的虛假谬见。例如，如果您服用吗啡来止痛，则不会对吗啡上瘾。许多人长时间服用吗啡可以更好地控制疼痛。必须设法控制您的疼痛。

放松疗法、针灸、轻柔按摩或热或冷敷包等疗法也可能有帮助。

神经疼痛

有时，癌症或化疗会引起手指和 / 或脚趾疼痛、刺痛和麻木以及腿部肌肉无力。神经疼痛是由于癌症或药物直接损害神经引起。如果您有神经疼痛，请务必告诉医生，以便医生给您使用正确的药物来止痛。

28

Feeling tired (fatigue)

Feeling tired is a common side effect of cancer and its treatment. You may also feel sleepy, confused, lose your appetite or find it hard to concentrate. Poor diet, lack of sleep, pain and worry can make fatigue worse. Rest may not relieve it. You may continue to feel tired once treatment ends. This can affect your ability to cope with and enjoy your life.

Tips to help with fatigue:

• Plan your day so you have time to rest or take a nap.

• Get up at the same time each morning, even if you feel tired.

• Light exercise such as walking or tai chi every day can help.

• Eat as well as you can and drink plenty of fluids.

• Let other people help you. You may be able to get help from your local council to do the housework.

• Allow yourself to relax. Do not worry about what you should be doing. Meditation, reading or listening to music can be helpful.

• Plan to rest before a special occasion or on the days you are having treatment.

• Spend time with friends who have a positive attitude.

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感觉疲劳（疲倦）

感觉疲倦是癌症及其治疗的常见副作用。您也可能会感到困倦、困惑、食欲減退，或者很难集中精力。饮食不佳、睡眠不足、疼痛和忧虑会加重疲劳。休息也可能不会缓解。一旦治疗结束，您可能会继续感到疲劳。这可能会影响您应对和享受生活的能力。

缓解疲劳的提示：

• 计划您的一天，以便您有时间休息或打盹。

• 每天早上同一个时间起床，即使您感到疲劳。

• 每天做轻巧的运动（如步行或太极）都有帮助。

• 尽可能安排好饮食，並喝大量的液体。

• 让別人帮您。您可以请当地居委会帮忙做家务。

• 让自己放松一下。不要担心您应该做什么。冥想、阅读或听音乐都有益。

• 计划在特殊场合或在您治疗的日子里休息。

• 与有积极心态的朋友在一起。

30

Feeling sick (nausea)

Nausea can be:

• caused by the cancer itself

• a side effect of chemotherapy, radiotherapy or strong pain killers

• a symptom of constipation.

Therapies such as relaxation, hypnosis and acupuncture can also help.

Tips to help with nausea:

• Eat small meals more often e.g. soup, dry biscuits or toast.

• Avoid fatty or fried foods with a strong smell.

• Rest before and after eating.

• Eat slowly and chew well to help you digest it better.

• Sip plenty of fluids during the day e.g. ginger ale, soda water or weak teas. Icy poles or ice cubes are other ways to get more fluids.

• Take the medication ordered by your doctor to stop you feeling sick.

• See a dietitian for advice on what foods to eat.

31

感到呕心

呕心可能是：

• 由癌症本身引起

• 化疗、放疗或強效止痛药的副作用

• 便秘症狀。

放松、催眠和针灸等疗法也有帮助。

治疗呕心的提示：

• 少吃多餐，例如湯、饼干或吐司。

• 避免有強烈气味的油脂或油炸食品。

• 进食前后休息。

• 细嚼慢咽，帮助您更好地消化。

• 白天喝大量液体，例如薑味汽水、苏打水或淡茶。冰条或冰块是获得更多液体的其他方法。

• 按医嘱用药，防止呕心。

• 就吃什么食物咨询营养师。

32

Sore mouth

Some chemotherapy can cause mouth sores or infections in the mouth. Mouth sores can occur five to 10 days after treatment. They go away after one to two weeks. Ask your doctor or nurse about a suitable mouthwash rather than buying one from the shop that may be too strong for you. It is important to tell your doctor if you notice changes in your mouth and find it hard to swallow. Talk to your doctor if you have any dental (teeth) problems. Before you have any dental treatment, tell your dentist you are having chemotherapy.

Tips to help with a sore mouth:

• Use a soft toothbrush to clean your teeth gently.

• Wash your mouth (rinse and spit out) four times a day with a mouthwash or a glass of warm water with a teaspoon of salt or bicarbonate of soda (you can buy this at the supermarket).

• Sip cold water regularly or suck on an ice cube.

• Eat soft foods such as yoghurt, ice-cream or soft jellies.

• Avoid hard, crunchy, spicy, salty or raw foods that can sting or cause pain in your mouth.

• Keep food moist with sauces.

• If you wear dentures, soak them overnight and leave them out of your mouth for as long as you can during the day.

33

口腔肿痛

一些化疗可能会导致口腔溃疡或口腔感染。口疮可能在治疗后五到十天产生，在一两个星期后就消失了。向医生或护士询问合适的漱口水，而不是从商店购买可能对您而言太浓的漱口水。如果您注意到口腔变化并发现很难吞咽，请务必告诉您的医生。如果您有牙科（牙齿）问题，请与您的医生交谈。在进行任何牙科治疗之前，请将您正在化疗的事情告诉牙医。

治疗口腔肿痛的提示：

• 使用柔软的牙刷轻轻清洁牙齿。

• 用漱口水或一杯溫水，加一茶匙盐或小苏打（您可以在超市购买）清洗口腔（漱口並吐出），每天四次。

• 经常喝冷水或在冰块上吮吸。

• 吃柔软的食物，如酸奶、冰淇淋或软果凍。

• 避免会刺痛口腔或引起口腔疼痛的硬、脆、辛辣、咸或生的食物。

• 用酱汁保持食物湿润。

• 如果您戴假牙，请将其过夜浸泡，然后在白天尽量長时间從口腔取出。

34

Constipation

If you have hard or few bowel movements you may be constipated. Constipation can be caused by:

• cancer and its treatment

• doing less exercise

• changes in what you eat and drink

• pain medication.

Tips to help with constipation:

• Eat more high fibre foods such as fruit, vegetables and wholemeal bread.

• Drink plenty of fluids like water.

• Do light exercise such as walking.

• Eat small, frequent meals.

• Speak to your doctor about medications to help with constipation (laxatives).

Often laxatives are prescribed when taking pain medication such as morphine or MS Contin.

35

便秘

如果您排便硬而少，可能出现了便秘。便秘可能是由以下原因引起：

• 癌症及其治疗

• 少锻炼

• 饮食改变

• 止痛药。

治疗便秘的提示：

• 吃更多的高纤维食物，如水果、蔬菜和全麦面包。

• 喝大量的液体，如水。

• 做轻巧的运动，如走路。

• 少吃多餐。

• 就有关治疗便秘的药物（泻药）咨询您的医生。

服用吗啡或美施康定 (MS Contin) 等止痛药时，通常使用泻药。

36

Diarrhoea

Diarrhoea (loose, runny bowel movements) can be caused by:

• some chemotherapy drugs, which can affect the lining of the digestive system

• an infection

• drugs to treat constipation.

Let your oncologist, GP or nurse know if diarrhoea:

• continues for more than a day

• does not go away when you change what you eat (see tips below)

• is not helped by diarrhoea medications.

Diarrhoea can make you dehydrated, so if you are worried about it please contact your doctor or nurse just to be safe.

Tips to help with diarrhoea:

• Avoid spicy foods, wholegrain foods, fatty or fried foods, raw fruit and vegetables with skins and seeds.

• Try eating clear soup and toast, dry biscuits and cheese.

• Take small sips of water or suck on ice cubes, if your mouth is dry.

• Take medication to control diarrhoea suggested by your doctor or nurse.

• Buy fluids to drink such as Gastrolyte at the chemist.

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腹泻

腹泻（排稀水样便）可由以下因素引起：

• 一些可影响消化系统膜的化疗药物

• 感染

• 治疗便秘的药物。

告知肿瘤內科专科医生、家庭医生或护士腹泻是否：

• 持续了一天以上

• 在您改变饮食后不消失（请参阅下面的提示）

• 在使用腹泻药物后不见效。

腹泻可以使您脫水，所以如果您担心，请联络您的医生或护士以保持安全。

治疗腹泻的提示：

• 避免食用辛辣食品、全麦食品、脂肪或油炸食品、带皮和含种子的未熟水果和蔬菜。

• 尝试吃清湯和烤面包、饼干和奶酪。

• 如果您的口腔干燥，喝一小口水或在冰块上吮吸。

• 按医生或护士建议服用药物以控制您的腹泻。

• 在药店购买流体饮料，如 Gastrolyte。

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Poor sleep

Even though you may feel tired you may find it hard to sleep at night. This can be due to pain, feeling sick or being worried.

Tips to help you sleep better:

• Try having a warm bath or massage before bedtime.

• Have a warm drink you enjoy (but not a caffeine based drink such as coffee).

• Get up at the same time each day and go to bed at the same time when you can.

• Try to exercise regularly so you sleep better.

• If you have pain, take pain medicine just before you go to bed so you don’t wake up during the night.

• Yoga, mindfulness, meditation and tai chi can lessen worry.

• Make sure your bedroom is dark and quiet.

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睡眠不好

即使您可能会感到疲劳，也可能发现在晚上很难入睡。这可能是由于疼痛、感到呕心或担心所致。

帮助改善睡眠的提示：

• 尝试在睡前洗个溫水浴或按摩。

• 喝一杯您喜欢的熱饮料（但不是含咖啡因的飲料，如咖啡）。

• 每天同一时间起床，並在同一时间上床睡觉。

• 尝试定期锻炼，让您睡得更好。

• 如果您感觉疼痛，就在您睡觉之前服用止痛药，使您不在夜间醒來。

• 瑜伽、正念、冥想和太极可以減轻忧虑。

• 確保您的臥室黑暗而安静。

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Hair loss

Many people who have chemotherapy worry about losing their hair. Some drugs may make your hair thin or fall out, but many others do not. Hair loss is most common from your head, but you may also lose hair from your arms, legs, pubic region, eyelashes and eyebrows. Losing your hair can be very upsetting. It can mean you worry about others knowing about your illness. Your hair will grow back once chemotherapy treatment is finished. This may take a few months. Talk to your doctor if you are worried as there are ways to help reduce hair loss.

Tips to help with hair loss:

• Use a mild shampoo.

• Avoid drying your hair with a hairdryer.

• Use a gentle comb or brush.

• Wear a wig, nice scarf or cap. This can make you feel better until your hair grows again. Your nurse or social worker can help you get a wig.

• Use sunscreen, a hat or scarf to protect your head from the sun.

• Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from dust and the sun.

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脫发

许多接受化疗的人会担心会失去头发。一些药物可能会使您的头发变稀或脫落，但其他许多药物不会。脫发最常见于头部，但您的手臂、腿部、耻骨区域、睫毛和眉毛也可能脫落毛发。失去您的头发可以令人非常沮丧。这可能意味著您担心別人知道您的病。一旦化疗完成，您的头发会再长出来。这可能需要几个月的时间。如果您担心，请告诉您的医生，

因为会有办法帮助減少脫发。

帮助減少脫发的提示：

• 使用溫和的洗发水。

• 避免用吹风机吹干头发。

• 使用柔软的梳子或刷子。

• 戴假发、漂亮的围巾或帽子。在您的頭发再次长出來前，这可以让您感觉更好。您的护士或社会工作者可以帮助您获得假发。

• 使用防晒霜、帽子或围巾來保护头部免受太阳的伤害。

• 配戴太阳眼镜，保护眼睛免受灰尘和阳光的伤害。

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Nail and skin problems

Chemotherapy can affect fingernails and toenails. They can change colour or become cracked and sore. Your skin may also become dry or itchy or may peel.

Difficulty with memory or concentrating

Chemotherapy can make you feel fuzzy, forget things or words.

Tips to help with nail and skin problems:

• Keep your nails clipped short.

• Keep your hands and nails clean to stop infection.

• Use moisturising cream that does not smell.

• Wear gloves for household chores and gardening.

• Avoid perfumes and deodorants that can irritate the skin.

• Wear loose cotton clothes, a hat and sunscreen in the sun.

Tips to help with memory or concentration:

• Try yoga, or meditating while you walk.

• Try doing a quiz or puzzle.

• Do some exercise or an activity.

• Write things down or make a list.

• Have rituals that help you remember (such as putting your keys in the same place each time).

• Be patient with yourself as things may take a little longer. Consider trying to do fewer things than you would normally.

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指甲和皮肤问题

化疗可能会影响指甲和脚趾甲。它们可能改变颜色或破裂和疼痛。您的皮肤也可能变得干燥或瘙痒或可能脫皮。

难以记住或集中精力

化疗可以让您觉得模糊、忘记事情或言语。

解決指甲和皮肤问题的提示：

• 剪短您的指甲。

• 让您的手和指甲保持清洁，以防止感染。

• 使用沒有气味的保湿霜。

• 做家务和园艺时配戴手套。

• 避免可能刺激皮肤的香水和除臭剂。

• 在阳光下穿戴宽松的棉衣、帽子並用防晒霜。

帮助记忆或集中精力的提示：

• 尝试瑜伽，或在走路时冥想。

• 尝试做一个测验或拼图。

• 做一些运动或活动。

• 写下來或列一个清单。

• 拥有帮助您记住的作法（比如把钥匙放在同一个地方）。

• 对您自己要有耐心，因为事情可能需要多花一点时间。考虑尝试做比您通常情況下更少的事情。

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Breathing problems

Being short of breath can be very frightening. It does not mean the cancer is getting worse, but it is important to let your doctor know about it as soon as possible. It could be due to fluid on the lungs, an infection or low blood count. There are treatments to help with this.

Menopause symptoms

Menopause is when your ovaries stop producing the female hormone oestrogen. This is a normal part of getting older. Treatments for breast cancer can cause menopause to come on earlier than normal. You may have hot flushes, sweating, tiredness, difficulty sleeping, aches or pains, mood changes and lose interest in sexual intercourse.

Tips to help with breathing problems:

• Try sleeping sitting up in bed supported with pillows.

• Do things slowly.

• Open the window or use a fan to help air movement in the room.

• Try relaxing and breathing more slowly.

• Seek help from your doctor as soon as possible.

Tips to help with the symptoms of menopause:

• Wear cotton clothing to lessen sweating.

• Have warm baths to make you feel more comfortable.

• Try meditation and relaxation exercises.

• Limit hot drinks or alcohol.

• Use creams for a dry vagina if sexual intercourse is painful. Your doctor or nurse can tell you what creams to use.

• Seek help from your oncologist for the management of menopausal symptoms.

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呼吸问题

呼吸短促是非常可怕的。这并不意味著癌症越来越严重，但是请尽快让您的医生知道这一点。这可能是由于肺上的液体、感染或低血细胞计数所致。对此有相关治疗方法。

更年期症狀

更年期是卵巢停止产生女性荷尔蒙（雌激素）的时期。这是变老的一个正常阶段。乳癌的治疗可能导致更年期早于正常情況。您可能有热潮紅、出汗、疲倦、睡眠困难、疼痛、情绪变化，并对性生活失去兴趣。

帮助解決呼吸问题的提示：

• 尝试以枕头支撐坐在床上睡觉。

• 慢慢地做事情。

• 打开窗戶或使用风扇來帮助室內空气流动。

• 尝试放松和更慢呼吸。

• 尽快寻求医生的帮助。

帮助解決更年期症狀的提示：

• 穿棉衣減少出汗。

• 洗个溫水浴，让您感觉更舒适。

• 尝试冥想和放松练习。

• 限制热饮或酒精饮料。

• 如果性生活痛苦，可以使用阴道保湿霜。医生或护士会告诉您使用什么样的阴道保湿霜。

• 请向肿瘤內科专科医生寻求帮助，以管理絕经期症狀。

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Other symptoms

You may also have sore eyes, burning or stinging on passing urine, or swelling in arms and legs that may be due to chemotherapy. Let your doctor know straight away so that the right treatment can be given to help.

Support available to help manage symptoms

Many people are frightened when they hear the words palliative care. They think it is only offered to you in your last months or weeks of life. This is not true. Palliative care helps people live as fully and comfortably as possible when living with an illness that cannot be cured such as metastatic breast cancer. Palliative care means that you, your family and carers get practical, emotional and physical support.

Palliative care can help you with:

• relief of pain and other symptoms like vomiting or shortness of breath

• equipment in your home to help you and your family, like wheelchairs, special beds and shower chairs

• accessing home help or money from the government

• emotional and spiritual support that is sensitive to your culture

• counselling and grief support

• referral to specialised hospice care for a short time (respite care).

Palliative care can also help you and your family make decisions about care you want now and the care you might want if your cancer gets worse.

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其他症狀

您可能还会出现眼痛、排尿烧灼感或刺痛，或由于化疗引起的手臂和腿部肿胀。立刻告知您的医生，以便给予正确的治疗。

可用于帮助控制症狀的支援

当听到纾缓治疗时，许多人都会害怕。他们认为，只会在您生命的最后几个月或几周的时间里才向您提供纾缓治疗。这不是真的。纾缓治疗可以帮助人们罹患无法治愈的疾病（如转移性乳癌）时尽可能充分和舒适地生活。纾缓治疗意味著您、您的家人和照顾者获得实际、情感和身体支援。

纾缓治疗可以帮助您：

• 缓解疼痛等症狀，如呕吐或呼吸短促

• 您家中帮助您和您的家人的设备，如轮椅、特殊病床和淋浴椅

• 從政府获得居家服务或资助

• 对您的文化敏感的情感和精神支援

• 咨询和哀伤支援

• 短时间內转诊到专门的安宁护理（喘息护理）。

纾缓治疗还可以帮助您和您的家人就您现在所需的护理以及您的癌症恶化时需要的护理做出決定。

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Complementary and alternative therapies

Conventional or western treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormone therapy are the standard treatments doctors use to treat cancer. These treatments have been well studied and are safe.

Complementary therapies are therapies that can help complement (or support) treatment. They can help:

• with the side effects of cancer and its treatment

• make you feel better overall.

Acupuncture for example, can be used to help with pain, anxiety, nausea, dry mouth and hot flushes.

Some people may also want to take complementary medicines such as Chinese herbal medicine or vitamins to help improve wellbeing. It is important to know many herbal medicines have not been well tested or studied. Their effects are not always clear. While some herbal medicines may help, others can cause side effects. They may also stop your breast cancer treatments working as well as they should. Tell your doctor about herbal remedies you want to take to make sure they are safe and that they don’t affect your breast cancer treatments.

For more information about herbs and their safe use visit the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre website mskcc.org/aboutherbs.

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补充和替代疗法

常規或西医疗法，如手测、化疗、放疗和荷尔蒙治疗是医生用于治疗癌症的标准治疗方法。这些治疗方法已经得到很好的研究并且是安全的。

补充疗法是可以帮助补充（或支援）治疗的疗法。它们可以帮助：

• 癌症的副作用及其治疗

• 让整体感觉更好。

例如，针灸可用于治疗疼痛、焦虑、呕心、口干和热潮紅。

有些人也可能希望服用中草药或维他命等补充药物来帮助改善健康。必须清楚，很多草药沒有经过很好的测试或研究。它们的影响并不是很清楚。虽然一些草药可能有用，但其他草药可能会引起副作用。它们也可能使乳癌治疗丧失本应有的疗效。请告诉您的医生您想要采取的草药疗法，以确保它们是安全的，不会影响您的乳癌治疗。

如需草药及其安全使用的更多资讯，请浏览 Memorial Sloan-Kettering 癌症中心网站

mskcc.org/aboutherbs。

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SECTION THREE

Living well I learned that maintaining a good attitude and a good diet are the keys to battle with cancers and my illness. I am from the Chinese background and we like to make herbal soup that is rich of nutrition value. Otherwise, psychosocial health, quality sleep, good diet and attitude to life are also important to us.

Life after a diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer is different for everyone. Many women worry about the problems with their health in the future, their family and money. Some women cope by not thinking too much about the future. They concentrate on living for today. You may find simple changes to your daily routine or attitude to your illness can help you make the most of the things that make you happy.

What can I do if I am a family member or friend?

Some families find it hard to talk about cancer and how they might be feeling. They may feel it is best not to tell the person affected she has metastatic breast cancer. They may want to protect you from the upset of knowing. Keeping secrets is very hard. It can often cause more trouble in the family.

Family and friends can help by:

• listening carefully about how much you want to say

• providing support and understanding.

There are people who can help you and your family. You may find it helpful to speak to a specially trained counsellor or social worker who can support you and your family. Ask your doctor or nurse about what is available to you.

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第三节

好好生活

我了解到，保持良好的态度和良好的饮食是与癌症和我的疾病作斗争的关键。我有华裔背景，我们喜欢制作富含营养价值的草药汤。否则，社会心理健康、优质睡眠、良好饮食和生活态度对我们来说也很重要。

转移性乳癌诊断后的生活对每个人都是不同的。许多女性担心他们未来的健康、家庭和金钱的问题。有些女性对此沒有过多考虑未来。他们专注于今天的生活。您可能会发现，您的日常生活中的简单变化或对您疾病的态度可以帮助您充分利用让您快乐的事情。

如果我是家庭成员或朋友，该怎么办？

有些家人发现很难谈论癌症和他们的感受如何。他们可能觉得最好不要告诉相关人员她患有转移性乳癌。他们可能希望让您摆脫知情的烦恼。保守秘密是非常困难的，经常会在家庭中造成更多的麻烦。

家人和朋友可以透过以下方式提供帮助：

• 仔细聆听您想说多少

• 提供支援和理解。

有人可以帮助您和您的家人。您可能会发现，告诉经过专门训练可以帮助您和您的家人的辅导员或社会工作者会有用。咨询您的医生或护士有何可用资源。

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Partners

Being a partner of someone with metastatic breast cancer can be hard. Partners may feel depressed, anxious and helpless. They may not know how best to help. They may find it difficult to speak about their own feelings and fears for the future. Encourage your partner to seek help from the GP or the health professionals involved in your care.

Some partners may also fear they might hurt you if they touch you. If you are still sexually active, it is best to speak openly to your partner to avoid misunderstandings. If you feel you have lost interest in sex, remember that sex is not just about intercourse. You can also show love to your partner through touch such as cuddling or massage. It is important to remember sexual intercourse will not give cancer to your partner. Cancer is not contagious.

Children

Talking to children about cancer can be difficult, even if they are adults. Many women say they want to protect their children from painful information. You may also have grandchildren. Young children often feel very frightened when they do not understand what is happening. It is important to be as clear and honest as you can. Talk to your doctor or social worker about ways to help you talk to children and grandchildren about your illness. They can help explain your condition to your children and family.

Caring for you

I have mainly been in contact with some members of Chinese Cancer Society of Victoria within the community. And we share a lot of similar experience, so it is quite easy for us to share freely and reassure one another.

Feeling sad

Being worried and feeling sad is a normal reaction to having cancer. You may feel good one day and sad the next. For most women with metastatic breast cancer talking about your emotions can help. Talking to someone outside your family can also give you comfort. Some women find joining a Chinese support group and talking to other women with metastatic breast cancer helps. They can find information and share their feelings and problems.

If you find the feelings of sadness go on for more than a few days, it may be that you are depressed. Depression is common in metastatic breast cancer. Counselling and/or medication can help you feel better. Your doctor or nurse can help you find a counsellor who speaks your language.

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伴侶

作为转移性乳癌病患者的伴侶可能很难。伴侶可能会感到沮丧、焦虑和无奈。他们可能不知道如何给予最好的帮助。他们可能发现很难说出他们自己对未来的感受和恐惧。鼓励您的伴侶向家庭医生或您的护理中所涉及的医疗专业人员寻求帮助。

有些伴侶也可能害怕在抚摸您时可能会伤害您。如果您仍然是性活跃的话，最好对您的伴侶公开言明以避免误会。如果您对性生活不感兴趣，请记住，性生活不只是性交。您还可以透过抚摸（如拥抱或按摩）向对方展示爱意。请记住，性交不会将癌症传给您的伴侶。癌症是不会传染性的。

孩子

与孩子谈论癌症可能很困难，即使他们已经成年。许多女性说，他们希望他们的孩子不受痛苦讯息的影响。您可能还有孙子。年幼的孩子不了解发生的情況时，经常感到非常害怕。尽可能清楚和诚实说明情況至关重要。咨询您的医生或社会工作者，了解帮助您向孩子和孙子讲述病情的方法。他们可以帮助向您的孩子和家人说明您的狀況。

照顾您

我主要是在社区內与维省新生会的一些成员接触。我们也有很多类似的经历，所以我们很容易自由分享，并让彼此放心。

感到悲伤

担心和感到悲伤是对癌症的正常反应。您的情绪可能起伏不定。对于大多数转移性乳癌女性来说，谈论您的情绪是有益的。与家庭外的人交谈也可以带给您安慰。一些女性发现， 加入华裔支援小组并与其他转移性乳癌女性交谈会有帮助。他们可以找到资讯并分享他们的感受和问题。

如果您发现自己的悲伤情绪持续了多日，可能您患上了抑郁症。抑郁症在转移性乳癌中很常见。咨询和 / 或药物可以帮助您感觉更好。医生或护士可以帮助您找到一个说您的语言的辅导员。

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Speaking with other Chinese women

Cancer Connect is a program at Cancer Council where you can speak to a trained volunteer who has also had breast cancer. Some volunteers speak in other languages. If you need an interpreter call 13 14 50 and ask about Cancer Connect, or call Cancer Council direct on 13 11 20.

Support groups

• Cancer Council may also know of support groups near you where you can go and talk to other people who have metastatic cancer. You can also visit BCNA’s website at bcna.org.au to see if there is a support group near you.

• Chinese community cancer organisations have support groups, counsellors and activities that you may want to join. See page 74.

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与其他华裔女性交谈

Cancer Connect 是癌症委员会的一个计划，透过该计划，您可以与也罹患过乳癌的受训志愿者交谈。一些志愿者说其他语言。如果您需要一名口译员，请致电

13 14 50 并询问 Cancer Connect，或直接致电癌症委员会 13 11 20。

支援小组

• 癌症委员会可能还知道您附近的支援小组，您可以去该支援小组与其他转移性癌症病患者交谈。您还可以浏览 BCNA 的网站 bcna.org.au ，查看您附近是否有支援小组。

• 华裔社区癌症组织具有支援小组、辅导员和您可能想要参加的活动。请参阅第75 页。

癌症支援小组

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Spirituality

Emotional wellbeing and spirituality are strongly connected. Some Chinese people may feel their spiritual life is strongly connected to their church or temple. By speaking to pastors or religious leaders some people find meaning in their experience and ways to manage negative thoughts. Although your pastor may provide you with guidance, it is important to remember to listen to your doctor about your illness and its treatment.

Others may pray and find comfort in a relationship with God. Still others find meaning and joy in being with family and friends. This can result in positive emotions such as peace, gratitude and acceptance.

Spirituality is different for everyone – there is no right or wrong way to do things. Consider what helps you feel peaceful and calm.

Caring for your body

Because we are Chinese, we have different needs as compared to the local Australian patients. Diet is one of the main things that we are concerned with a lot. It is also important for us to have information about exercise and rest.

Looking after your body with a healthy diet and exercise can help you be at your best to manage the disease and treatment.

Diet

Food is important to our quality of life and physical health. Eating a good diet can provide you with more energy to enjoy your life. You may hear about ‘special’ diets for people with cancer. Women with breast cancer do not need to follow a special diet or eat particular foods. Eat a healthy balanced diet, using the same dietary guidelines (eatforhealth.gov.au) the government recommends for all Australian adults.

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精神生活

情感健康和精神生活是密切相关的。有些华裔人士可能觉得自己的精神生活与其教会或寺庙有著密切的联系。透过与牧师或宗教領袖交谈，有些人会找到他们经历中的意义以及管理消极想法的方法。虽然牧师可能会为您提供指导，但务必记得要听医生对您的疾病及其治疗方法的意见。

其他人可能祈祷并在与上帝的关系中寻求安慰。还有一些人在与家人和朋友一起时找到意义和喜悅。这可催生极极的情绪，如安宁、感激和接受。

精神生活对每个人都是不同的 - 做事情沒有对错之分。考虑什么事情帮助您感到安宁平静。

照顾您的身体

因为我们是华裔，与澳大利亚当地的病患者相比，我们有不同的需求。饮食是我们很关心的主要事情之一。拥有运动和休息的相关资讯对我们来说也很重要。

以健康的饮食和运动照顾您的身体，可以帮助您尽可能地控制疾病和治疗。

饮食

食物对我们的生活品质和身体健康很重要。良好的饮食習惯可以为您提供更多的能量来享受生活。您可能会听说过癌症病患者的「特殊」饮食。乳癌女性不需要遵循特殊的饮食習惯或吃特定的食物。使用政府为所有澳大利亚成年人推荐的相同饮食指南 (eatforhealth.

gov.au)， 健康均衡饮食。

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Healthy eating tips:

• Eat more vegetables, fruit and legumes (such as lentils and beans) each day. Try to eat:

• a variety of different vegetables, the more variety of colour the better

• fresh fruit with skins on where possible

• lentils and beans in soups.

• Choose wholegrain grains and cereals

• eat 3–6 serves of wholegrain noodles, rice, pasta or bread a day

• avoid highly processed white varieties

• choose cereals such as porridge or Weet-Bix.

• Eat less fat. You can eat less fat by:

• eating fish and poultry 2–3 times a week

• choosing leaner cuts of meat such as pork medallion, lamb cutlet, beef rib eye or premium mince

• eating less fried food (bake, grill or steam food instead)

• avoiding shaki (cow tripe), pigs’ feet (pigs’ trotters), chickens’ feet, pigs’ tails, organs, crispy pork and fatty cuts of beef

• trying low fat butter, margarine and milk

• avoiding snacks high in fat such as chips and biscuits

• eating less take-away foods such as burgers or fries.

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健康饮食提示：

• 每天多吃蔬菜、水果和豆类（如扁豆和蚕豆）。尝试吃：

• 各种不同的蔬菜，颜色越多越好

• 带皮新鲜水果（可能的话）

• 扁豆和豆汤。

• 选择全麦谷物和麦片

• 每天吃 3-6 份全麦面条、米饭、面食或面包

• 避免精加工的白色品种

• 选择麦片，如粥或 weetbix。

• 減少脂肪摄入，您可以透过以下方式減少脂肪摄入：

• 每周吃鱼和家禽 2-3 次

• 选择瘦肉切片，如精肉排、羊肉排、牛肉眼或优质肉馅

• 少吃油炸食物。以烘焙、烧烤或蒸煮食物取代

• 避免食用 shaki（牛肚）、猪脚（猪蹄）、鸡脚、猪尾巴、內脏、脆皮猪肉和肥牛肉

• 尝试食用低脂黃油、人造黃油和牛奶

• 避免高脂肪的零食，如薯条和饼干

• 少吃外卖食物，如汉堡或炸薯条。

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• Cut down on sugar and salt:

• Eat less cakes, biscuits, sweet soup, lollies and chocolates.

• Choose foods with no added sugar.

• Avoid fruit juice and soft drinks high in sugar.

• Try not to add sugar to your hot drinks.

• Avoid processed and packaged foods such as packet soups, instant noodles, baked beans and canned vegetables.

• Try not to add salt to your meals.

• Limit alcohol:

• Try to avoid alcohol if possible.

• Speak to your doctor about what amount of alcohol is safe to have especially if your cancer has spread to your liver.

There are supplements that can add extra energy and/or protein to your diet. Speak to your doctor or dietitian about which are best for you.

You can find more information about a healthy diet in Chinese in the Healthy eating and breast cancer book. To order a copy:

• call CanRevive on (02) 9212 7789

• visit canrevive.com

• visit bcna.org.au.

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• 減少糖和盐摄入

• 少吃蛋糕、饼干、甜汤、糖果和巧克力

• 选择不加糖的食物

• 避免食用含糖高的果汁和汽水

• 尽量不要給热饮加糖

• 避免加工和包裝的食物，如袋裝汤食、泡面、烤豆和蔬菜罐头

• 尽量不要給您的食物加盐。

• 限制饮酒

• 如可能，尽量避免饮酒

• 如果您的癌症已经扩散到肝脏，请咨询医生安全的饮酒量是多少。

有补充剂可以为您的饮食添加额外的能量和 / 或蛋白质。咨询您的医生或营养师哪些最适合您。

您可以在《健康饮食和乳癌》一书中找到有关华裔健康饮食的更多资讯。若要订购该书：

• 请致电更生会，(02) 9212 7789

• 请浏览 canrevive.com

• 请浏览 bcna.org.au.

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Exercise

Even though exercise may be something you do not feel like doing, regular gentle exercise can help you cope better and improve your life. Light exercise can help reduce the side effects of treatment such as nausea and tiredness, improve your health, mood and sleep. Talk to your doctor about what exercise is safe for you before you start.

Exercise tips:

• Try gentle exercise such as walking or tai chi.

• Exercising with a friend can be a great time to talk and help keep you motivated.

• Swimming or walking in a warm pool can help with joint pain.

Touch therapy

Massage or foot therapy (reflexology) can help with pain, make you feel better and improve your life.

To find an oncology massage therapist near you, visit the website oncologymassagetraining.com.au and enter your postcode in the ‘Find your nearest therapist’ box.

OTIS Foundation

The OTIS Foundation has holiday homes. These are free for people living with breast cancer and their family members to stay in for a few days. Each home is in a beautiful place. It lets you draw on nature for strength and comfort. Find information on the website otisfoundation.org.au or call (03) 5444 1184.

Practical support

I am always open to talk to my social worker about anything and everything as she has assisted me to get the best possible welfare support in my situation.

Practical support can help you with money worries. It can help in your home to allow you time to do the things you enjoy.

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锻炼

即使锻炼可能是您不想做的事情，但定期的轻度锻炼可以帮助您更好地应对和改善生活。轻度锻炼可以帮助減少治疗的副作用（如呕心和疲劳），改善您的健康、心情和睡眠。开始前，请咨询医生哪些锻炼是安全的。

锻炼技巧：

• 尝试轻度锻炼，如步行或太极。

• 与朋友一起锻炼是交谈的好机会，并帮助您保持动力。

• 温水池里游泳或步行可以帮助缓解关节疼痛。

触摸治疗

按摩或足部治疗（反射疗法）可以帮助缓解疼痛、让您感觉更好并改善生活。

若要寻找您附近的肿瘤按摩治疗师，请造访网站 oncologymassagetraining.com.au，

并在 “ 寻找您附近的治疗师 ”（Find your nearest therapist）方块中输入您的邮递区号。

OTIS 基金会

OTIS 基金会拥有度假屋。乳癌病患者及其家庭成员可以在这些度假屋免费住几天。每个度假屋都在一个美丽的地方。它让您向大自然寻求力量和安慰。请在网站 otisfoundation.

org.au 或致电 (03) 5444 1184 获取资讯。

实际支援

我一直愿意和我的社会工作者谈任何事情，因为他协助我在我的情況下获得最好的福利支援。

实际支援可以帮助您解決金钱问题，可以在您的家提供帮助，让您有时间做您喜欢的事情。

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Help from the Australian Government

(i) Money

If you have a low income or you are unable to work because you have breast cancer you may be able to get payments from Centrelink. There is also financial help for older Australians who are retired. Talk to Centrelink or a social worker at the hospital where you are being treated as early as possible.

For more information about Centrelink payments visit the website humanservices.gov.au. Click on the tab at the top of the page for your language or call 13 12 02 to speak to someone in your language.

(ii) Help for the cost of health care

Medicare is Australia’s health scheme available to all its citizens (and some overseas visitors). You can get some health services at little or no cost. Medicare can pay for some or all of the cost of:

• GP visits

• tests such as scans or blood tests

• health care in a public hospital

• medicines.

Private health insurance

The costs of your treatment will depend on whether you are having your treatment in a public or private hospital. If you have private health insurance and decide to have your treatment in a private hospital, there may be many costs you need to pay for that are not covered by your private health insurance or Medicare. These are called your ‘out-of-pocket’ costs. It is best to speak to your private health insurance company about what will be covered by Medicare and your insurance fund. Your doctor can let you know how much treatments can cost and whether you might have to pay any out-of-pocket costs.

You can choose to have your treatment in a public hospital even if you have private health insurance. You should not have any out-of-pocket costs if you are treated in a public hospital.

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澳大利亚政府提供的帮助

(i) 金钱

如果您因乳癌收入很低或无法工作，可以從 Centrelink 获得津贴。已退休的年长澳大利亚人也可获得经济帮助。尽早与 Centrelink 或您正在接受治疗的医院的社会工作者交谈。

如需 Centrelink 津贴的更多资讯，请浏览网站 humanservices.gov.au。按一下页面頂部与您的语言对应的标签，或致电 13 12 02 与说您的语言的人交谈。

(ii) 帮助解決医疗保健费用

Medicare 是面向澳大利亚所有公民（和一些海外游客）提供的健康计划。您只需支付少许费用或免费获得一些健康服务。Medicare 可以为以下项支付部分或全部费用：

• 家庭医生随访

• 扫描或血液检查等检查

• 公立医院的医疗保健

• 药品。

私人健康保险

您的治疗费用将取決于您是否在公立还是私立医院接受治疗。如果您购买了私人医疗保险并決定在私立医院接受治疗，可能需要支付很多不在您的私人医疗保险或 Medicare

范围的费用。这些费用被称为「自付」费用。最好咨询您的私人健康保险公司，以了解Medicare 和您的保险基金将覆盖的费用。您的医生可以告知您治疗费用是多少，以及您是否可能需要支付任何自付费用。

即使您购买了私人健康保险，也可选择在公立医院接受治疗。如果您在公立医院接受治疗，不应该有任何自付费用。

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Help from the government in your state

Travel for treatment

If you live far away from the hospital you may be able to get some money to help pay for your travel and accommodation. Ask a social worker or nurse at the hospital where you are getting treatment to help you access the Patient Assisted Travel Scheme (PATS).

BCNA has a fact sheet in English about payments for travel.

Community assistance

Your local council may be able to help with house cleaning, transport, shopping, meals, gardening and childcare. Ask a social worker or nurse at the hospital where you are getting treatment. They may be able to help you organise home help or you can call your local council directly.

Cancer Councils in each state and territory have information about how you can get help with:

• money

• housing (if you need to travel to a hospital from the country)

• travel

• home help

• legal help.

If you need an interpreter, phone 13 14 50 and ask for Cancer Council. For help in English call Cancer Council direct on 13 11 20 or see the website cancer.org.au.

BCNA also has a fact sheet on superannuation and insurance in English.

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您所在州政府提供的帮助

治疗所需的交通费

如果您住在离医院很遠的地方，可能会得到一些钱来帮助支付您的交通费和住宿。请您正在接受治疗所在医院的社会工作者或护士帮助您获得病患者辅助交通费计划 (Patient

Assisted Travel Scheme - PATS)。

BCNA 拥有关于交通费津贴的英文版概況介绍。

社区协助

当地居委会可提供房屋清洁、运送、购物、餐饮、园艺和保育方面的帮助。请您正在接受治疗所在医院的社会工作者或护士帮忙。他们可以帮助您组织家庭帮助，或者直接致电当地居委会。

各州和地区的癌症委员会都有关於如何获得以下方面帮助的资讯：

• 金钱

• 住房（如果您需要從乡下去医院）

• 交通费

• 居家服务

• 法律帮助。

如果您需要口译员，请致电 13 14 50，并要求癌症委员会提供。如需英语帮助，请直接致电癌症委员会 13 11 20 或查看网站 cancer.org.au。

BCNA 还有关于养老金和保险的英语版概況介绍。

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Support for carers

If a family member is helping to care for you, they may be able to get carer payments to help your family. For information about financial help and support, contact:

• Carers Australia on 1800 242 636. The carer advisory line has information and support for people caring for people with illness and disability. Visit carersaustralia.com.au.

• Centrelink Multilingual Service on 13 12 02. You may be able to get financial help such as a carer payment or concession cards from Centrelink.

Travelling overseas

If you are planning to travel overseas speak to your medical oncologist before you make any payments. When travelling overseas make sure you:

• take a letter from your doctor with the medications you are taking

• have enough medications with you for your whole trip.

Medicare and private health insurance do not provide cover for your health costs once you leave Australia. Travel insurance can cover the costs of things like lost luggage. It is unlikely you will get travel insurance cover for your breast cancer. It is important to speak to a travel agent or a travel insurance specialist to find out what is available to you.

BCNA has a travel insurance fact sheet in English for women with metastatic breast cancer.

Employment

If you are still working, you may want to keep working for as long as you can because you enjoy your job or because you need the money. It is important to talk to your employer about what is available to support you in your job.

Cancer Council has a booklet in English called Cancer, Work & You. Call 13 11 20 or visit the website cancer.org.au for a copy.

Tip:

All BCNA fact sheets can be ordered or downloaded from the BCNA website bcna.org.au or by calling 1800 500 258.

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针对照顾者之支援

如果某位家庭成员正在帮助照顾您，他 / 她可能会得到照顾者津贴来帮助您的家庭。如需財务帮助和支援的资讯，请联络：

• 澳大利亚照顾者机构 (Carers Australia)，1800 242 636。照顾者咨询热线为病患者和殘障人士提供资讯和支援。请浏览 carersaustralia.com.au。

• Centrelink 多语种服务，13 12 02。您可以從 Centrelink 获得经济帮助，如照顾者津贴或福利优惠卡。

出国旅行

如果您计划出国旅行，在您付款之前，请咨询您的肿瘤內科专科医生。出国旅行时请确保：

• 带一封医生开具之含您正在服用的药物的信函

• 为整个旅程携带足够药物。

离开澳大利亚后，Medicare 和私人健康保险不再为您的健康费用提供保障。旅行保险可以支付行李丟失等费用。您不太可能会为您的乳癌获得旅行保险。必须咨询旅行社或旅行保险专员，了解您可以使用的项目。

BCNA 为罹患转移性乳癌的女性提供英语版旅行保险概況介绍。

雇佣

如果您还在工作，您可能希望尽可能长时间工作，因为您喜欢工作或因为您需要钱。务必与您的雇主谈谈在您的工作中有何资源可支援您。

癌症委员会有一本名为《Cancer, Work & You》的英文手册。请致电 13 11 20 或浏览网站 cancer.org.au 获取该手册。

提示：

所有 BCNA 概況介绍可以從 BCNA 网站 bcna.org.au 或致电 1800 500 258 获得或下载。

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Planning aheadI know my family is already quite realistic about my situation, so their reassurance helps me get ready to go through the final process so I don’t have to think about the negative side too much.

Talking about what might happen in the future can be very hard and you may feel that this means that there is no hope. This is not true. Telling your health care team what is important for you and your family if your disease becomes worse makes sure that your wishes are supported. Palliative care teams are very experienced in helping patients and their families talk about their goals and wishes for care.

Planning ahead can be difficult, but once your family starts talking about it you may find it easier to talk about your wishes. It can also help your family feel at peace with decisions they may need to make for you one day. You and your family might like to think about stating your wishes in something called an advanced care plan. This is important so that the wishes of you and your family are known by the doctors caring for you. You or your family can find all the information you need about advanced care planning at Advance Care Planning Australia. Visit advancecareplanning.org.au.

The Hope & Hurdles Planning Ahead booklet provides more information in English. You can order it from the BCNA website bcna.org.au or by calling 1800 500 258.

Tip:

The Chinese Cancer Society of Victoria has a booklet called My Farewell Wishes that can help you and your family start talking about how you would like to be treated at the end of your life. You can call the Chinese Cancer Society of Victoria for a copy on (03) 9898 9575 or visit ccsv.org.au.

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提前计划

我知道，我的家庭对我实际的情況已经很了解，所以他们的安心帮助我准备好度过最后的难关，所以我不必太多地考虑消极的一面。

谈论未来可能发生的事情可能非常困难，您可能觉得这意味著沒有希望。这不是真的。告诉您的医疗保健团队在您的疾病恶化时什么对您和您的家人最重要，确保您的愿望获得支援。纾缓治疗团队在帮助病患者及其家人谈论他们的目标和愿望方面非常有经验。

提前计划可能很困难，但一旦您的家人开始谈论，您可能会更容易谈论您的愿望。提前计划也可以帮助您的家人对有朝一日可能需要为您做出的決定感到平和。您和您的家人可能希望考虑以被称为预立医疗照护计划的东西表达您的愿望。这很重要，以便您和您家人的愿望被照顾您的医生知道。您或您的家人可以在 Advance Care Planning Australia 中找到所需的有关预立医疗照护计划的所有资讯。请浏览 advancecareplanning.org.au。

《Hope & Hurdles Planning Ahead》手册以英文提供更多资讯。您可以從 BCNA 网站 bcna.org.au 或致电 1800 500 258 获取该手册。

提示：

维省新生会拥有一本稱為《My Farewell Wishes》的手册，可以帮助您和您的家人开始谈论您希望在生命结束的那天被如何对待。您可以致电 (03) 9898 9575 或浏览 ccsv.org.au 与维省新生会联络以获取该手册。

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More information

Breast Cancer Network Australia

BCNA has free information for you and your family, including Hope & Hurdles, an information pack in English for women with metastatic breast cancer. To order a copy of Hope & Hurdles or other BCNA information:

• Call the interpreting service on 13 14 50 and ask for BCNA (to speak to us through an interpreter).

• Call BCNA directly on 1800 500 258 (to speak to us in English). BCNA’s Helpline provides free support and information about breast cancer. You can call Monday to Friday from 9.00 am to 5.00 pm.

• Visit the website to order or download information at bcna.org.au.

BCNA’s website has a video of a Chinese woman telling her story about living with metastatic breast cancer. Visit bcna.org.au.

BCNA’s free telephone counselling service provides one-to-one telephone counselling support for women with metastatic breast cancer and their family members. Call 1800 500 258 for more information or to make an appointment.

The Inside Story (a supplement to BCNA’s The Beacon magazine) has information and stories for people diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer. To subscribe, visit bcna.org.au.

Cancer Australia

Cancer Australia was established by the Australian Government in 2006 to benefit all Australians affected by cancer, and their families and carers.

Cancer Australia aims to reduce the impact of cancer, address disparities and improve outcomes for people affected by cancer by leading and coordinating national, evidence-based interventions across the continuum of care.

Cancer Australia works with government and the cancer control community around a shared agenda, to deliver informed and effective cancer control and ultimately better outcomes for all people affected by cancer in Australia.

For more information visit canceraustralia.gov.au.

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更多资讯

澳大利亚乳癌网络

BCNA 为您和您的家人提供免费资讯，包括《Hope & Hurdles》，这是一个面向乳癌女性的英文版资讯套。若要获取《Hope & Hurdles》或其他 BCNA 资讯：

• 请致电口译服务 13 14 50 并要求 BCNA（透过口译员与我们交谈）提供。

• 请直接致电 BCNA 1800 500 258（以英文与我们交谈）。BCNA 的服务热线提供有关乳癌的免费支援与资讯。您可以在周一至周五上午 9 点至下午 5 点时段来电。

• 请浏览网站 bcna.org.au 以要求或下载资讯。

BCNA 的网站提供一段影片，內容为一名华裔女性讲述她罹患转移性乳癌的故事。请浏览 bcna.org.au。

BCNA 的免费电话咨询服务为转移性乳癌女性及其家庭成员提供一对一的电话咨询支援。请致电 1800 500 258 了解更多资讯或进行预约。

《The Inside Story》（BCNA 的《The Beacon》杂志的增刊）载有确诊患有转移性乳癌的人的资料和故事。若要订阅，请浏览 bcna.org.au。

澳大利亚癌症协会

澳大利亚癌症协会由澳大利亚政府于 2006 年成立，其宗旨是惠及所有受到癌症影响的澳大利亚人及其家属和照顾者。

澳大利亚癌症协会旨在減少癌症的影响，透过在整个护理过程中領导和协调国家、以证据为基礎的干预措施来为癌症患者解決不平等和改善结果。

澳大利亚癌症协会与政府和癌症控制社区围绕共同的议程进行合作，为澳大利亚所有受癌症影响的人提供知情和有效的癌症控制，并最終实现更好的结果。

如需更多资讯，请浏览网站 canceraustralia.gov.au。

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Cancer Councils

Cancer Council Australia’s website (cancer.org.au) has information on cancer and links to Cancer Council websites in each state and territory.

The multilingual cancer information line gives information about cancer in Chinese.

• Call 13 14 50 and ask for the Cancer Council information and support service in your state or territory to talk confidentially with a cancer nurse with the help of an interpreter.

Call Cancer Council directly on 13 11 20.

Chinese community cancer organisations

Chinese community cancer organisations have information and support to help you and your family. Many women and their families have found these organisations to be a place where they can talk about their cancer experience in Chinese. They have trained counsellors to help you. Contact the Chinese Cancer Society of Victoria on (03) 9898 9575 or visit ccsv.org.au or CanRevive in New South Wales on (02) 9212 7789 or visit canrevive.com.

International websites

There are international websites with reliable information in Chinese for people with cancer. You may like to visit:

• Hong Kong Cancer Fund cancer-fund.org

• American Cancer Society cancer.org

• MacMillan Cancer Support, United Kingdom macmillan.org.uk.

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癌症协会

澳大利亚癌症协会网站 (cancer.org.au) 提供有关癌症的资讯，以及每个州和地区的癌症委员会网站的连结。

多语言癌症资讯热线提供有关癌症的中文版资讯。

• 请致电 13 14 50，并请求您所在州或地区的澳大利亚癌症协会资讯和支援服务，以便在口译员的帮助下与癌症护士秘密交谈。

请直接致电癌症委员会 13 11 20。

华人社区癌症组织

华人社区癌症组织拥有帮助您和您的家人的资讯和支援。许多女性及其家人发现，

这些组织是能用中文谈论癌症经历的地方。他们配有受训辅导员来帮助您。请致电(03) 9898 9575 或浏览 ccsv.org.au 与维省新生会联络；致电 (02) 9212 7789

或浏览 canrevive.com，与新南威尔斯省的更生会联络。

国际网站

还有向癌症病患者提供中文可靠资讯的国际网站。您可能想要浏览：

• 香港癌症基金会 cancer-fund.org

• 美国癌症协会 cancer.org

• 英国麦克米倫癌症关怀协会 macmillan.org.uk。

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Notes

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笔记

May 2017

This project is a Cancer Australia Supporting people with cancer Grant initiative, funded by the Australian Government.

本计划是澳大利亚癌症协会支援癌症病患者的倡议项目，并由澳大利亚政府资助。

2017 年 5 月

澳大利亚乳癌网络