madhya pradesh state roads project iii
TRANSCRIPT
The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.
Environmental Assessment Report
Initial Environmental Examination for SH-2: Bhind-Ater-Porsa Project Road Project Number: 43063 November 2010
IND: Madhya Pradesh State Roads Project III Prepared by Government of Madhya Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... vii 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1
1.1. Project Background/Rationale .......................................................................... 1 1.2. Project Preparatory Technical Assistance (PPTA) and Environmental Assessment ................................................................................................................. 2 1.3. Purpose of the Study ....................................................................................... 2 1.4. Extent of IEE .................................................................................................... 3 1.5. IEE Content ..................................................................................................... 3 1.6. Team Composition and Acknowledgements .................................................... 3 1.7. Methodology .................................................................................................... 3
1.7.1. Information/ data Sources ............................................................................ 4 1.7.2. Public Consultation ...................................................................................... 5
2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ................................... 6 2.1. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project ...... 6 2.2. Environmental Clearance Process ................................................................... 7 2.3. Administrative Structure and the Interactive framework ................................... 9
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ................................................................... 10 3.1. Project Location ............................................................................................. 10 3.2. Characteristics of the Existing road ................................................................ 11 3.3. Category of the Project .................................................................................. 14 3.4. Need for the Sub-Project ............................................................................... 14 3.5. Existing and Projected Traffic ........................................................................ 15 3.6. Key Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities ............................................ 16 3.7. Material required and Sourcing ...................................................................... 22 3.8. Project Implementation Schedule and Cost ................................................... 24
4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ......................................................... 25 4.1.1. Meteorology and Climate ........................................................................... 26 4.1.2. Air and Noise Quality ................................................................................. 27 4.1.3. Topography and Geomorphology ............................................................... 28 4.1.4. Geology/Soil .............................................................................................. 29 4.1.5. Seismicity ................................................................................................... 30 4.1.6. Land use .................................................................................................... 30 4.1.7. Hydrology and Drainage ............................................................................ 31 4.1.8. Groundwater .............................................................................................. 32 4.1.9. Surface water ............................................................................................. 33
4.2. Ecological Resources .................................................................................... 35 4.2.1. Terrestrial Ecology ..................................................................................... 35 4.2.2. Fauna ........................................................................................................ 38 4.2.3. Aquatic Ecology ......................................................................................... 43
4.3. Socio-Economic Environment ........................................................................ 43 4.3.1. Economic Progress .................................................................................... 43 4.3.2. Infrastructure Facilities ............................................................................... 44
4.4. Social and Cultural Resources ....................................................................... 44 4.4.1. Population and Communities ..................................................................... 45 4.4.2. Literacy ...................................................................................................... 46 4.4.3. Occupational Status ................................................................................... 46 4.4.4. Current use of lands and resources for traditional purposes by Indigenous
Peoples ...................................................................................................... 47
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4.4.5. Structures or sites of historical, archaeological, paleontological, or architectural significance ............................................................................ 47
5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES .................................................................................................................. 48
5.1.1. Climate ...................................................................................................... 48 5.1.2. Natural Hazard ........................................................................................... 49 5.1.3. Air Quality .................................................................................................. 49 5.1.4. Noise ......................................................................................................... 50 5.1.5. Impact on Land and Soil ............................................................................ 51 5.1.6. Groundwater .............................................................................................. 54 5.1.7. Siltation and Surface Water Quality of Rivers and Other Water Bodies ...... 55 5.1.8. Hydrology and Drainage ............................................................................ 56
5.2. Impact on Biological Environment .................................................................. 57 5.2.1. Terrestrial Ecology ..................................................................................... 57 5.2.2. Aquatic Ecology ......................................................................................... 65 5.2.3. Fauna ........................................................................................................ 65
5.3. Management of Construction Debris/Waste ................................................... 66 5.4. Socio-Economic Impact ................................................................................. 67
5.4.1. Positive Impacts ......................................................................................... 67 5.4.2. Anticipated Negative Impacts ..................................................................... 67 5.4.3. Obstruction and Disruption of Traffic .......................................................... 70 5.4.4. Transportation and Storage of Materials .................................................... 71
5.5. Cumulative and Induced Impact ..................................................................... 72 6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ....................... 74
6.1. Consultation Method and Information Disclosed ............................................ 74 6.2. Compliance with Relevant Regulatory Requirements ..................................... 74 6.3. Beneficiaries’ Comments ............................................................................... 77
7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND GRIEVANCE REDDRESS MECHANISM ................................................................................................................ 80
7.1. Environmental Management Plan .................................................................. 80 7.1.1. Social Development and Indigenous People Development Program (IPDP):80 7.1.2. Emergency Response Plan ........................................................................ 80
7.2. Environmental Monitoring Program (EMoP) ................................................... 80 7.2.1. Monitoring schedule and performance indicator ......................................... 81 7.2.2. Authorities and their Responsibilities for Implementation of EMoP ............. 82
7.3. Institutional Setting and Proposed Implementation Arrangement ................... 82 7.3.2. Institutional / Capacity Building .................................................................. 86
7.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism ..................................................................... 88 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................. 89
8.1. Conclusions ................................................................................................... 89 8.2. Key Recommendations: ................................................................................. 90
List of Tables Table 1.1 : Road Sections under MP State Highways III Project ...................................... 1Table 1.2 : Primary and Secondary Information Sources ................................................. 4Table 2.1 : Permissions/Clearances Required for the Sub-Project .................................. 6Table 3.1 : Carriageway Details .................................................................................... 11Table 3.2 : Stretches for Reconstruction ........................................................................ 12Table 3.3 : List of Major and Minor Intersections ........................................................... 13Table 3.4 : Reserve / Protected Forest .......................................................................... 14
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Table 3.5 : Average Daily Traffic ................................................................................... 15Table 3.6 : Summary of Projected Total Traffic Volume (Veh./day and PCU/day) ......... 16Table 3.7 : Details of Existing Carriage Way with Widening Proposal ............................ 17Table 3.8 : Cement Concrete Lined Drain ..................................................................... 19Table 3.9 : Crash Barrier Location ................................................................................. 19Table 3.10 : Lighting ...................................................................................................... 20Table 3.11 : Bus Stop Locations .................................................................................... 20Table 3.12 : Stone Pitching ........................................................................................... 21Table 3.13 : List of Borrow Area .................................................................................... 23Table 4.1 : Summary of Important Features of the Project Districts ............................... 25Table 4.2 : Monthly Rainfall data (mm) in the project districts for the last five years ...... 27Table 4.3 : Ambient Air Quality Along the project section (24 Hourly) ............................ 28Table 4.4 : Noise Level in dB(A) Along the Project Corridor .......................................... 28Table 4.5 : Physiochemical Characteristics of soil in the project road ............................ 29Table 4.6 : Land Use Pattern in the State ...................................................................... 30Table 4.7 : Chainage-wise landuse pattern along the project road ................................ 31Table 4.8 : Catchment area of major tributaries ............................................................. 32Table 4.9 : Groundwater Quality Along the Project Corridor .......................................... 32Table 4.10 : List of Surface Water Sources Along/Across Project Corridor .................... 33Table 4.11 : Surface Water Quality of the river in project area ....................................... 34Table 4.12 : Forest details along the project road .......................................................... 36Table 4.13 : List of Plant Species in the Study Area ...................................................... 37Table 4.14 : List of Fauna found in the Study Area ........................................................ 39Table 4.15 : List of Reptiles in the Study Area ............................................................... 40Table 4.16 : List of Avifauna found in the Study Area .................................................... 40Table 4.17 : Tree along Project Road (within 20 m width) .............................................. 41Table 4.18 : Demographic Profile of the State and the country ...................................... 45Table 4.19 : List of villages in the project road ............................................................... 45Table 5.1 : Noise- Sensitive Locations along the Alignment .......................................... 51Table 5.2 List of Trees to be Cut ................................................................................... 57Table 5.3 : Common Property Resources Along the Corridor ........................................ 71Table 6.1 : Summary of Consultation with Government Officials ................................... 75Table 6.2 : Summary of Consultation with NGOs .......................................................... 76Table 6.3 : Consultation with local community ............................................................... 78Table 7.1 : Roles and Duties of Implementing Agency/Organisations ............................ 83Table 7.2 : Combined Training Budget for MPSRP II ..................................................... 86 List of Figures Figure 2.1 : Environmental Clearance Procedure in India ................................................ 8Figure 2.2 : Legislative Interface among various regulatory bodies ................................. 9Figure 3.1 : Location Map of SH-2 ................................................................................. 10Figure 3.2 : Connectivity to the Project Road ................................................................ 11Figure 3.3 : Typical Cross section of the project Road ................................................... 17Figure 4.1 : Isohyetal map of Madhya Pradesh ............................................................. 26Figure 4.2 : Hazard and Seismic Zoning Map ................................................................ 30Figure 4.3 : Drainage Map of Project Area .................................................................... 34Figure 4.4 : Forest Cover Map of Madhya Pradesh ....................................................... 35Figure 4.5 : National Parks and Sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh .................................. 39Figure 4.6 : Demographic Status of the Project Section ................................................ 46Figure 4.7 : Literacy rate along the project section ........................................................ 46Figure 4.8 : Occupational status along the Alignment .................................................... 47
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Figure 7.1 : Proposed Structure for EMP/EMOP Implementation .................................. 85 List of Appendix Appendix 3.1: Inventory and Survey Condition of Bridges ............................................. 92Appendix 3.2: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist ........................................... 93Appendix 3.3: Details of Chainage-wise Existing and Proposed Design Speed and Curve
Radius .................................................................................................................... 98Appendix 4.1 : National Ambient Air Quality Standards ................................................. 99Appendix 4.2 : Ambient Noise Level Limits (In Leq dB(A)), India ................................. 100Appendix 4.3 : Drinking Water Standards And Probable Effects on Human Health (BIS:
IS: 10500, 1991) ................................................................................................... 101Appendix 4.4 : Water Quality Criteria And Standards for Freshwater Classification
(CPCB, 1979) ....................................................................................................... 104Appendix 5.1: Guidelines for Borrow Areas Management ........................................... 105Appendix 7.1: Environmental Management Plan (SH-2: Bhind-Ater-Porsa 59.95 km) . 109Appendix 7.2 : Monitoring Plan for the Performance Indicators ................................... 130
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Map 1: Location Map of MP State Highways Project
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Map 2: Location Map of SH-2: Bhind – Ater - Porsa Project Road
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Introduction 1. Madhya Pradesh, with abundant mineral resources, and growing agricultural and
industrial production, need a well developed road network to cater to the increasing intra-state and regional traffic. Also, since it is centrally located within the country, most of the long haul north-south and east-west bound road traffic passes through the state. Therefore, the existing inadequate and damaged road infrastructure needs to be improved on priority to sustain the economic and social progress of the state. The improved road network with good interlinking between national, state highways and major district roads will not only contribute in significantly developing rural economy and reducing poverty but also increase the road capacity to cater the high projected traffic, reduce travel time and also contribute for lesser vehicular pollution emission.
2. Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation (MPRDC), the executing agency (EA), is responsible to provide an integrated transport system in the state that is safe, efficient, affordable, accessible to all and environmentally sustainable. As per its mandate, MPRDC plans to improve various major district roads to at least two lanes carriage way level with funding support from Asian Development Bank (ADB).
3. To address this problem, Government of Madhya Pradesh (GOMP) has approached ADB for financial assistance for improving a total of 15 state roads covering a length of about 1081 kms under Madhya Pradesh State Highways III Project (MPSRSP III) programmed to be processed for implementation in 2010.The project also includes the institutional strengthening of the road sector under separate TA 7198(IND) which will enhance EA’s capacity for road asset development and management.
Description of Project 4. The proposed upgrading/rehabilitation of the State Highway-2 Bhind-Ater-Porsa
Sub-project, one of the 15 state highway subprojects, is divided into two sections, the Bhind-Ater section in Bhind district covering 27.45 kms and Ater-Porsa section in Bhind-Morena district covering 33.5 kms. The subproject will upgrade the existing bad to very bad road condition into a paved 2-lane divided carriageway configuration with improved road geometry, proper and adequate embankment, rehabilitation of existing bridges, adequate cross drainage structures and side drains, improvement of junctions/intersections, underpasses, and way side amenities. This road design will be adequate to cater to the volume of traffic until 2030 which is predicted to increase from the current range of 1176-2864 to 3934-19943 vehicles (average annual daily traffic). The sub-project will be implemented in 18-24 months with an estimated cost of INR 7203 Million.
5. The sub-project was classified as Category-B as provided in the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) based on screening of likely impacts and sub-project location which does not pass through or located near any national park, wildlife sanctuary, or any other ecologically sensitive or protected areas. No archaeological/protected monument is located in the project vicinity. Under the
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EIA Notification, 2006 promulgated under Environment (Protection) Act 1986, the subproject is categorised as Category ‘B” and does not require prior environmental clearance from State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA)1
6. IEE was conducted based on Detailed Project Report and sub-project details provided by the design team during the preparation of this report. The IEE covers all activities proposed under the project including various bridges and cross-drainage structures constructions. The core zone of impact is taken as 100 meters either side of the alignment. However, the study area impact zone is considered up to 7 km on both sides of road alignment to allow for a larger analysis of landuse and other environmental features.
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Description of Environment 7. The Sub-Project passes through 2 districts – Bhind and Morena and has sub-
tropical climate. May is the hottest month with daily maximum temperature of 42 °C while January is coolest with minimum temperature of 7.1 °C. Wind velocity is higher during the summer period as compared to the post-monsoon period. The maximum wind velocity is 11.3 km/h during the month of June and minimum is 3.1 km/h during the month of November. Average annual wind velocity is 6.4 km/h. The weather remains dry for all the seasons except monsoon. During the south-west monsoon season the relative humidity is to the tune of 83% (August month). During summer the relative humidity is less than 26%. In the project districts, Morena receive higher amount of rainfall in comparison to Bhind. Highest amount of rainfall was received in 2008 for both the districts in the last five years.
8. The ambient air quality levels conform to the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The air quality monitoring data reveals that SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOx range from 130.5 to 185.2 µg/m3, 38.7 to 87.4 µg/m3, 4.1 to 12.8 µg/m3 and 6.3 to 13.7 µg/m3 respectively in the project area during summer season. The 24-hourly average ambient noise levels is also found to be within the prescribed limits.
9. The project region falls in Zones II & III i.e., low to moderate risk zone. The topography of the region is mixed type with road alignment traversing through plain and rolling terrain in most of the length. The maximum stretch of the project section which lies in Bhind district, forms part of the vast older plains including riverbeds with hills and valleys. The area has very gentle slope towards northeast with high elevation of 190 m above MSL in the south-western part and the lowest elevation of 149 m above MSL in the north-western part. The project area is mainly covered by sandy clay loam soil with good organic content. The color varies from brown, yellowish brown to dark grey brown .
10. The predominant land use of the of the project districts is predominantly agricultural (nearly 48%) followed by Forests (28%). Built-up Area constitutes about less than 10% and rest is occupied for plantation, water bodies, community property resources, and miscellaneous use.
1 The EA has yet to formally approach MoEF for formal categorisation and grant of environmental clearance.
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11. There are several canals and drains cutting across the project alignment. The major rivers in the project area are Sindh, Kwari and Chambal besides, other small streams. River Kwari cross the project road near Para village while Chambal traverses parallel to the project section. The ground water availability along the project road area is poor. The depth of water table goes below 200 feet during summer season. Most of the wells become dry except in monsoon season. The water quality of these rivers is suitable for irrigation- Class D and propagation of wild life and fisheries -Class-E.
12. Madhya Pradesh is endowed with rich and diverse forest resources. In the project section about 1.8 km of the road alignment is passing through reserve and protected forest. These forests are mainly tropical moist and tropical dry in nature. There are altogether 25 wildlife-sanctuaries and 9 national park in the state. None of them is located in the project area. No other similar eco-sensitive areas is either crossed or located nearby the project alignment. Since most part of the project corridor passes through open agricultural land, large number of roadside trees is not affected considering to the length of the project road. Trees along roadside are mainly non-fruit bearing in nature whereas privately owned orchards are mostly comprised of fruit bearing trees. The project section is dominated by species such as mango, teak, neem, jamun, palas, saja, seasam, mahua etc. About 268 of these trees will be removed along the ROW. The existence of Foxes, Hare and macaque was also reported by people in the study area.
13. Despite abundant water bodies in the project area, large scale/organized fishing was not observed along the project road due their seasonal behaviour. There is no breeding or spawning ground of these species in any of the water bodies in the project area since the water availability and flow velocity is quite low and unfavourable for breeding. No migratory fishes are found in these rivers.
14. The economy of Madhya Pradesh is based on agriculture, forest products, industries, mineral resources, and cottage industry sectors. The agriculture along the project section is dominated by Oilseed (Soyabeen in particular). The state is one of the largest producers of cement in the country. The major industries in the state are- cement, Pig Iron, Steel Ingots, News Prints and Sugar mills. The total number of households in the villages of the project road is 10,953 with a total population of 63,335. Out of these, about 75% is general. The SC/ST population accounts for about 25% of the total population. The project road passing through two districts of Madhya Pradesh covering 18 villages have total literacy rate of 65.05%. The literacy rate for male (60.4%) and female (58.1%) in the project districts are comparable. Maximum percentage of the workers is in the agriculture sector as cultivators or agricultural labourers. Tribal population in the project area is negligible (<1%).
Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 15. All pre-construction, construction, and operation activities that were likely to
cause environmental impacts were identified, and evaluated to assess their magnitude, duration, and potential receptors in consultation with the stakeholders. Consultations were made with the government representatives (District Forest Office, State Pollution Control Board, Water Resources Department, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, and the District Rural
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Development Authority), local communities (Bhind, Pratappur and Ater), and NGOs (Bhopal Yuwa Paryavaran Shikshan and Samajik Sansthan, Ecosake Society for Environment Conservation and Social Awareness, Green Heart Nature Club, Forum for Environmental Protection, Energy Environment and Development Group, Centre for Envirocare and Energy Technology) between April to June 2010.
Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 16. The significant impacts during design and construction stage include the
constricted sections of the roads which will be by-passed or require road alignment improvement to avoid and minimize resettlement and other sensitive structures and locations particularly in Bhind (0.00), Ater (27.32), Porsa (49.1). Since the sub-project area is having mixed terrain, flood situation may get exacerbated due to inadequate cross drainage structures and raising of embankments without proper balancing culverts. An estimated 268 trees will be removed along the ROW to allow for road expansion but will be compensated at a rate of 1:10 plantations. Short-term deterioration of air quality may take place due to increase in fugitive dust emissions and noise level from earthmoving, ground shaping, unpaved transport, and emissions from heavy equipment and other mobile sources. Water sprinkling to control dust, use of clean fuels, changing the location and timing of construction activities and maintenance of equipments will minimize these impacts. Land use conversion particularly of residential areas and relocation of structures within the ROW will only be implemented following a meaningful consultation and acceptable compensation and relocation agreements. All borrow areas will comply with national laws and regulations. Impacts from the establishment and operation of the construction camps like generation and disposal of solid wastes, sewage, potable water requirements, health/hygiene, and safety is part of the contractor’s responsibility highlighting the need for compliance with applicable laws. Waste and material use minimization will be promoted to decrease the volume of wastes that will be generated. Traffic safety to workers and pedestrian, particularly to children is considered through the strict implementation of a Traffic Control Plan to be prepared by the contractor prior to construction activities and in consultation with the affected communities.
17. During operation stage, the main impacts are on the surface water hydrology since the construction of a road crosses several river/rivulets in the flood-affected sections which can act as impediment to natural flow of water. Other issues relate to increase in mobile emissions, road safety to motorist, pedestrian and animals. To minimize the impact on the local hydrology, adequate cross drains and their proper maintenance will be implemented. Information and education campaign through the use of signs and posters distributed along the roadside encouraging motorist to properly maintain their vehicles, and proper driving habits to reduce emissions, reduce fuel consumption, and promote safety will be made. Finally, traffic control measures will be implemented to ensure safety to pedestrian.
Conclusion 18. In general, the sub-project received immense support from local people with
some concerns and apprehensions related to compensation for land and safety
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on roads. The local people appreciated that besides providing an all weather efficient connectivity to large population and improving the traffic scenario in the region, it will bear out several other positive economic and social benefits which outweigh the negative environmental impacts.
19. This initial environmental examination (IEE) ascertains that the sub-project is unlikely to cause any significant environmental impacts. Few impacts were identified attributable to the proposed sub-project, all of which are localized and temporary in nature and can be easily mitigated with minor to negligible residual impacts. No additional studies or need of undertaking detailed EIA is envisaged at this stage.
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Project Background/Rationale
20. Madhya Pradesh, with abundant mineral resources, and growing agricultural and industrial production, need a well developed road network to cater to the increasing intra-state and regional traffic. Also, since it is centrally located within the country, most of the long haul north-south and east-west bound road traffic passes through the state. Therefore, the existing inadequate and damaged road infrastructure needs to be improved on priority to sustain the economic and social progress of the state. The improved road network with good interlinking between national, state highways and major district roads will not only contribute in significantly developing rural economy and reducing poverty but also increase the road capacity to cater the high projected traffic, reduce travel time and also contribute for lesser vehicular pollution emission.
21. Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation (MPRDC), the executing agency (EA), is responsible to provide an integrated transport system in the state that is safe, efficient, affordable, accessible to all and environmentally sustainable. As per its mandate, MPRDC plans to improve various major district roads to at least two lanes carriage way level with funding support from Asian Development Bank (ADB).
22. Government of Madhya Pradesh (GOMP) has approached ADB for financial assistance for improving a total of 15 state roads covering a length of about 1081 kms under Madhya Pradesh State Highways III Project (MPSRSP III) programmed to be processed for implementation in 2010. The road sections details under MPSRSP III are given in Table 1.1
Table 1.1 : Road Sections under MP State Highways III Project
S. No.
Road No. Name of Roads SH
No. Length
(KM) Districts
I. BHOPAL PACKAGE
1 1 Bhind-Ater-Porsa SH-2 60.85 Bhind –Morena
2 2 Mihona-Lahar-Daboh-Bhander-Chirgaon SH-45 85.70 Bhind-Datia
3 3 Pichhore-Chanderi-Mungawali-Onder-Kurwai SH-19 146.50
Shivpuri - Ashoknagar-
Vidisha 4 7 Manawar-Mangod SH-38 49.63 Dhar 5 9 Sardarpur-Rajgarh-Bagh SH-35 50.43 Dhar
6 10 Agar-Barod-Alot-Jawara SH-41 108.70 Shajapur- Ratlam-Ujjain-
7 11 Pachor-Chapikheda-Jirapur-Machalpur-Soyat SH-51 86.70 Rajgarh-
Shajapur 8 13 Badi-Baktar-Dobi-Shahganj-Budhni SH-15 58.78 Raisen-Sehore 9 14 Silwani-Udaipura Road SH-44 28.58 Raisen
Total (Bhopal Pkg) 675.87
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S. No.
Road No. Name of Roads SH
No. Length
(KM) Districts
II. JABALPUR PACKAGE
10 16 Rahatgarh-Khurai-Khimlasa SH-42 47.48 Sagar
11 18 Damoh-Hata-Gasiabad i/c Hata Town Portion SH-47 62.66 Damoh
12 19 Hata-Patera-Kumhari & Raipura-Salaiya-Bahuribandh-Sihora SH-48 91.28 Damoh-Panna-
Katni-Jabalpur
13 20A Amarpatan-Gorsari-Badera SH-13 46.50 Satna-Katni
14 21 Sundara-Singhpur-Kothi-Jaitwara-Birsinghpur-Semaria SH-52 85.29 Panna-Satna-
Rewa
15 22 Sidhi-Beohari SH-55 71.29 Sidhi-Shahdol
Total (Jabalpur Pkg) 404.49
Grand Total (Bhopal Pkg + Jabalpur Pkg) 1,080.36
Source: MPRDC
1.2. Project Preparatory Technical Assistance (PPTA) and Environmental Assessment
23. ADB has fielded TA: 7198 IND to assist MPRDC Road Construction Department (RCD) in project preparation for possible financing of MPSRSP III. As a part of this TA and safeguard requirement of ADB, environmental assessment has been carried out in accordance with relevant country’s applicable laws, regulations and in consistent to ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003 and Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. Each sub-project was scrutinized as to its type, location, scale, and sensitivity and the magnitude of its potential environmental impacts.
24. The present report pertains to Bhind-Ater-Porsa (SH-2) sub-project. This sub project is categorized as Category ‘B’ and hence an initial environmental examination (IEE) has been undertaken.
1.3. Purpose of the Study 25. This IEE report documents the environmental assessment of the Bhind-
Ater-Porsa Road Subproject and identifies the environmental issues to be considered at project planning and design stage. The IEE addresses the environmental management requirements of (i) the Government of India (GOI); (ii) the donor, Asian Development Bank (ADB), and (iii) the Project. In general, an IEE addresses the following:
o Provides information about the baseline environmental setting of the subproject;
o Provides information on potential environmental impacts of the proposed subproject activities with its magnitude, distribution and duration
o Provides information on required mitigation measures with cost to minimize the impacts
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o Analyses the alternatives options considering alternative locations, designs, management approaches, for selection of most feasible and environmental acceptable options.
o Provides details of stack holders consultation o Suggest environmental management and monitoring plan with
institutional measures for effective implementation of mitigative measures proposed.
1.4. Extent of IEE 26. IEE was conducted based on Detailed Project Report (DPR) provided by
the design team during the preparation of this report. Certain changes may occur in the sub-project structural components but these changes are unlikely to cause significant environmental impacts. The IEE covers all activities proposed under the project including various bridges and cross-drainage structures constructions. The core zone of impact is taken as 100 meters either side of the alignment. However, the study area is considered up to 7 km on either side of road alignment for larger analysis of landuse and other environmental features. Assessment is carried out for all components of environment covering terrestrial and aquatic ecology, soil, water, noise and socio economic aspects.
1.5. IEE Content 27. The IEE has been largely structured as per SPS, 2009 and ADB’s
Environmental Assessment Guidelines (2003). This includes following eight chapters including this introduction Chapter.
• Chapter 1- Introduction • Chapter 2- Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework • Chapter 3- Description of Project • Chapter 4- Description of Environment • Chapter 5- Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures • Chapter 6- Information Disclosure, Consultation, and Participation • Chapter 7- Environment Management Plan and Grievance Redress
Mechanism • Chapter 8- Conclusion and Recommendation
1.6. Team Composition and Acknowledgements 28. The environmental assessment has been carried out by the team of the
environmental Experts of EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. The environmental team acknowledges the support extended by the executing agency, design consultant, and state departments/agency of forest, water resources, and pollution control Board etc.
1.7. Methodology 29. Suitable methodology was adopted to accomplish the study. As the first
step, project-scoping exercise was undertaken identifying the parameters needed to be considered for the study and to outline the activities for collecting data on each parameter. Data pertaining to all facets of environment viz. physical, ecological and socio-economic environment
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both through primary and secondary sources were collected. The stepwise activities includes:
• Review of legal requirements • Review of feasibility study • Reconnaissance survey for identification of key issues data
requirement and preliminary consultation. • Primary and Secondary data Collection • Consultation with stakeholders • Identification of Impacts and Mitigation measures • Institutional Review and finalization of EMP in consultation with EA.
1.7.1. Information/ data Sources Key relevant information sources has been summarised in Table 1.2.
Table 1.2 : Primary and Secondary Information Sources
Environmental Parameters Information Sources
Project objectives, Technical information on existing road features and proposed rehabilitation work
Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation (MPRDC) and Design Consultant
Inventory of road features like water Bodies, Community structures, environmentally sensitive locations areas, congested locations etc.
Ground Physical surveys and Strip Plans by Design Consultant
Climatic Condition India meteorological Department, DPR, primary data collection
Geology, Seismicity, Soil and Topography
Central Ground Water Authority, State of Environment report published by SPCB, Government websites and primary data collection
Land Use/ Land Cover Survey of India (SoI) Toposheet, Observation during survey and Satellite Imagery
Drainage Pattern Survey of India Toposheet, water resources, field observation and local people, GIS Based land use analysis
Status of forest areas. Compensatory afforestation norms etc.
Divisional Forest Office, Bhind and Morena
Status of Fishing Activity District Fisheries offices and Local Fishermen Air quality Noise, Soil and Water Onsite monitoring and analysis of field samples Borrow Areas, Quarries and other construction material source
Design consultant and public consultation during field visit
River geo-morphology, hydrology, drainage, flood patterns,
Water resources department, DPR and information from local people, field observations
Socio-economic Environment Different Govt. agencies/civic bodies, Official websites maintained by state Govt., census of India 2001 and Public Consultation during the Field survey, through figures collected from Directorate of Statistics.
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1.7.2. Public Consultation 30. Extensive consultations were held with all stakeholders’ viz. local and
beneficiary population, govt. departments/agencies, fishermen, road users and NGOs with intent to collect baseline information, for better understanding of the potential impacts and appreciate the perspectives/concerns of the stakeholders. Information thus gathered was used to integrate it in project design and formulating mitigation measures and environmental management plan.
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2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
2.1. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project
31. The legal framework of the country consists of several acts, notifications, rules and regulations to protect environment and wildlife. The Indian legal system has been critically reviewed to identify its applicability to the project. A list of all required clearances/ permissions related to environment has been summarised in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1 : Permissions/Clearances Required for the Sub-Project2
S. No.
Clearances Acts/Rules/Notifications/Guidelines Concerned Agency Responsibility
A. Pre-construction Stage
1
Environmental Clearance3
(not required for this Sub-Project)
EIA Notification, 2006 amended till date, promulgated under Environment (Protection) Act 1986
State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA)4
Not applicable for this
particular road stretch as it is an expansion
of existing road and no new by-passes are to
be constructed
.
2
Permission for felling of trees
Forest Conservation Act (1980) Procedural Guidelines developed by the Department of Environment GoMP, under the orders of the Hon’ble High Court; Tree removal will be guided as per state government rules.
District Level Committee constituted by the State Govt.
MPRDC
B. Implementation Stage
2 Since this project is not passing through any protected areas or ground water authority notified areas, therefore the following list of laws will not be applicable to this project.
a. Central Ground Water Authority b. Wildlife (Protection) Act 2002 and rules thereof c. The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remain Act 1958/Rules 1959
3 This Particular clearance is applicable to all new road projects as mentioned underneath. However for this road stretch as it is expansion of existing road and no bypasses are being constructed so this clearance is not applicable. The Notification and its latest amendment entails requirement of prior environmental clearance to the following road projects. Category A -i) New National High ways; and ii) Expansion of National High ways greater than 30 km, involving additional right of way greater than 20m involving land acquisition and passing through more than one State. Category B-ii) All State High ways; and ii) Expansion projects in hilly terrain (above 100 m mean seal level (msl) and or ecologically sensitive areas) Note: A general condition applies to both of the above category: “Any project or activity specified in Category ‘B’ will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) Critically Polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) Notified Eco-sensitive areas, (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries”. 4 The SEIAA has varying opinion about its applicability. EA propose to take official confirmation about applicability of this notification. EA will obtain the environmental clearance in case SEIAA directs about the same.
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S. No. Clearances Acts/Rules/Notifications/Guidelines Concerned
Agency Responsibility
3 Permission for Sand Mining from river bed
Mines and Minerals (Regulation and Development) Act, 1957 as amended in 1972
River Board Authorities/
Department of Mining Govt. of Madhya Pradesh
Contractor
4
Consent to operate Hot mix plant, Crushers, Batching Plant
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981
Madhya Pradesh Pollution
Control Board
Contractor
5
Authorization for Disposal of Hazardous Waste
Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 1989
Madhya Pradesh Pollution
Control Board
Contractor
6
Consent for Disposal of Sewage from Labour camps
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974
Madhya Pradesh Pollution
Control Board
Contractor
7
Use of Fly ash within 100 kms around Thermal Power plants.
Fly Ash Notification, 1999 as amended up to 17th August 2003: MoEF Contractor
8 Pollution Under Control Certificate
Central Motor and Vehicle Act 1988
Department of Transport, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh
Contractor
9 Employing Labour/workers
The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996,
District Labour Commissioner Contractor
2.2. Environmental Clearance Process 32. The environmental clearance is not applicable for this sub-project since
expansion is confined along the existing road corridor with no new bypass. However, the procedure for obtaining environmental clearance has been depicted as Figure 2.1 for reference purposes only.
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Figure 2.1 : Environmental Clearance Procedure in India
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2.3. Administrative Structure and the Interactive framework 33. The Government through specific legislations regulates the environmental
management system in India. The MoEF and the pollution control boards (CPCB i.e. Central Pollution Control Board and SPCBs i.e. State Pollution Control Boards) together form the regulatory and administrative core of the part. Other Ministries/Statutory Bodies/departments responsible for ensuring environmental compliance and granting various clearances includes State ministry /Dept. of environment, regional offices of MoEF and state forests/wildlife departments. Their key roles and responsibilities and interface among them have been concisely depicted through the flow diagram in Figure 2.2.
Figure 2.2 : Legislative Interface among various regulatory bodies
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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 3.1. Project Location
34. The project road section (Bhind-Ater-Porsa road) is a part of SH-2 measuring 59.950 km in length and located in Bhind and Morena districts of Madhya Pradesh. Figure 3.1 shows the location of the project road. The proposed road Bhind-Ater-Porsa road section serves as a link connecting Bhind and Morena Districts. The connectivity of the project road with other important links in existing road network of Madhya Pradesh is shown in Figure 3.2.
Figure 3.1 : Location Map of SH-2
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Figure 3.2 : Connectivity to the Project Road
3.2. Characteristics of the Existing road
35. Right of Way and carriage way width: The existing carriageway is a single or intermediate-lane road having flexible pavement, with widths varying between 3.75 m to 7.0 m along the entire length of project road. The existing road has earthen shoulder of about 1.0 m to 1.5 m on either sides of the project road. The ROW available for the project road is around 15 m on either side from road centre line except in built up areas and forest sections where it is 10 m. Chainage-wise carriageway widths are provided in Table 3.1 given below.
Table 3.1 : Carriageway Details Existing Chainage Carriageway
Width Remarks Shoulder Type Shoulder
Width Start End Bhind - Ater Road
1/000 2/000 6.00 HS 0.50 2/000 3/000 5.00 HS 0.90 3/000 6/000 5.00 3.75 m
Overlayed HS 0.00
6/000 7/000 5.00 HS 0.00 7/000 8/670 6.00 3.75 m
Overlayed HS 0.00
8/670 8/950 7.60 HS 0.00 8/950 10/500 6.00 3.75 m
Overlayed HS 0.00
10/500 11/500 6.50 HS 0.00 11/500 14/000 4.50 ES 1.50 14/000 15/000 4.90 ES 0.50 15/000 16/000 5.00 3.75 m ES 0.00
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Existing Chainage Carriageway Width
Remarks Shoulder Type Shoulder Width Start End
Overlayed 16/000 17/000 3.50 ES 1.50 17/000 20/000 3.00 ES 1.50 20/000 23/000 3.90 ES 1.00 23/000 27/450 3.75 ES 1.50
Ater Junction - Porsa Road
83/000 58/500 3.05 BT ES 1.00 58/500 57/000 3.05 BT HS 1.20 57/000 52/000 3.05 BT HS 1.30 52/000 51/000 3.05 BT HS 1.00 51/000 49/500 3.05 BT HS 1.30
Source: DPR
36. Pavement and carriage way conditions: The pavement condition along the entire length of the road can generally be rated as fair to moderate. Riding quality is moderate. Mostly cracking exists throughout the road except in few stretches where pavement quality is good (Table 3.2). Raveling and potholes are also exists at some locations. At some places, sub-grade failure has been noted and thus warranting immediate reconstruction. The Main reason for this failure seems to be poor sub-grade with complete absence of consolidation and stabilization measures.
Table 3.2 : Stretches for Reconstruction S.
No. Chainage Length
From To Bhind - Ater Section
1 1/000 2/000 1.000 2 2/000 5/000 3.000 3 11/030 11/380 0.350 4 11/430 12/170 0.740 5 12/170 12/700 0.530 6 19/880 20/650 0.770
Ater Junction – Ater 7 27.050 27.450 0.400
Ater Junction - Porsa Section 8 80/100 75/750 4.350 9 75/650 74/250 1.400
10 72/750 65/750 7.000 11 58/950 56/000 2.950 12 55/000 53/750 1.250 13 52/000 51/900 0.100 14 51/150 51/050 0.100 15 50/400 50/280 0.120
Source: DPR
37. Alignment and Geometrics: Road alignment as discussed falls mostly in plain terrain. Road is almost running parallel to the ground level. There are many horizontal curves comprising very sharp turns which need to be improved to State highway standards. An average travel speed of
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40km/hr could be maintained due to sub standards geometry. There is no coherence between horizontal alignment and vertical profile. Set back distances are almost non- existent at curve locations; especially at sharp curves the provision is worse.
38. Cross Drainage (CD) Structures: There is one major bridge, six minor bridges, one causeway and about 29 culverts along the project road. Major bridge is High Level Bridge and does not require any modifications in existing conditions. Culverts are mainly arch type or slab type or pipe type. The culverts generally require clearing of vent way. Few pipe culverts having diameter less than 0.9 m are proposed to be replacement by 1.2m/1.0m diameter pipe whichever is appropriate as per site condition. List of major and minor bridges along with survey chainages and conditions of existing structures are appended as “Inventory and Condition Survey for Bridges” in Appendix 3.1.
39. Terrain and Landuse: The project road alignment traverses through plain / rolling terrain throughout the length. The abutting land along the project road is observed to be utilized mainly for agricultural purposes. At some locations habitation / built up area were encountered whereas in few section land is left barren. The road passes through three important towns Bhind, Ater and Porsa.
40. Road Intersections: There are 2 major intersection and 43 minor intersections sighted on the road. Almost all of these intersections are poor in geometrics and no junction development has been observed. The chainage-wise details of these intersections are given in Table 3.3
Table 3.3 : List of Major and Minor Intersections S.
No. Chainage (Km/m)
Major/ Minor
Link Surface Type
Width Direction (m) (L/R/Cross)
Bhind – Ater 1 0/000 Major Bhind-Etawah CC-BT 14.0-7.2 Cross 2 0/900 Minor To Bhind Mud Road 6.5 Right 3 2/600 Minor To Bhind CC 3.00 Left 4 2/750 Minor - BT 5.00 Right 5 3/220 Minor Bhujpura - Mudhiya BT-BT 3.75 -
3.75 Cross
6 4/590 Minor Jodhpura BT 3.00 Right 7 4/850 Minor Udotpura BT 3.75 Right 8 5/120 Minor Madhaiya BT 3.00 Right 9 6/680 Minor Pathanpura BT 3.00 Left
10 8/250 Minor Javasa BT 3.00 Right 11 11/010 Minor Ridauli BT 3.75 Left 12 11/430 Minor Soi BT 3.75 Right 13 12/020 Minor Para WBM 3.00 Right 14 17/800 Minor Navari BT 3.75 Left 15 18/610 Minor Gorakhpura CC 3.00 Right 16 18/900 Minor Village Road MUD 3.00 Left 17 19/590 Minor Etawa BT 3.75 Right 18 19/820 Minor Jamsara BT 3.00 Right 19 21/860 Minor Balarpura BT 3.00 Left 20 23/090 Minor Bhindava BT 3.75 Right
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S. No.
Chainage (Km/m)
Major/ Minor
Link Surface Type
Width Direction (m) (L/R/Cross)
21 24/060 Major Porsa BT 3.00 Left 22 24/720 Minor Village Road CC 3.00 Right 23 27/320 Minor Jetpur BT 3.75 Left 24 78/950 Minor Labli Village CC 3.00 Right 25 78/450 Minor Maoli village BT 3.75 Left 26 77/640 Minor Kharika Village BT 3.00 Right 27 75/840 Minor Chaumoh village BT 3.00 Right 28 74/410 Minor Garod village CC 3.75 Right 29 73/170 Minor Khadera - Aroli BT-WBM 3.75 Cross 30 71/380 Minor Pachor BT 3.50 Right 31 70/740 Minor Garami BT 3.75 Left 32 69/070 Minor Kanera BT 3.00 Right 33 65/610 Minor Kanaraga BT 3.50 Right 34 64/600 Minor Chapak BT 3.75 Right 35 64/220 Minor Bhadavali BT 3.75 Right 36 63/330 Minor Rudavali BT 3.75 Right 37 62/530 Minor Kichor BT 3.75 Left 38 59/230 Minor Khod - Lalpura WBM - CC 3.75 Cross 39 55/750 Minor Dharmpura BT 3.75 Right 40 54/600 Minor - WBM 3.00 Left 41 54/270 Minor Ldikheda BT 3.75 Right 42 53/380 Minor Aarethi BT 3.75 Right 43 52/890 Minor Myasi BT 3.75 Right 44 51/100 Minor Daherota BT 3.75 Left 45 49/550 Minor Shahpura BT 3.75 Left
Note: BT – Black Top, CC-Cement Concrete, WBM – Water Bound Macadam ER – Earthen Road
3.3. Category of the Project 41. The sub-project has been evaluated using the Rapid Environmental
Assessment (REA) checklist issued by ADB (Appendix-3.2) for Roads and Highways of the ADB‘s Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2003. The subproject road traverses primarily through agricultural land and few habitations. It neither passes through nor is located near any Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park, or any other environmentally sensitive or ecologically or archeologically protected areas. Though it passes through reserved forest and protected forests areas, but these areas have rare movement of animals. Hence, the project has been classified as Category “B” in accordance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009.
Table 3.4 : Reserve / Protected Forest
S. No. Road Section
Chainage Length (km)
Side of Road Type of Forest
From To 1
Bhind to Ater 26.000 27.800 1.8 Right Reserve Forest
2 26.000 27.800 1.8 Left Protected Forest Total (km) 1.8
Source: DPR
3.4. Need for the Sub-Project
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42. The main aim of developing this State highway is to provide connectivity to the selected townships with other major social and commercial centres within the districts as well in the other parts of the state. The proposed road Bhind-Ater-Porsa road section serves as a link connecting Bhind and Morena Districts. The improvement of roads infrastructure in the region will enhance the tourism potential as well as will lead to increased socio-economic activities in both the districts. With socio-economic development of the districts and the state, the traffic is bound to increase. The sub-project road will benefit more than 1.4 million populations (mainly rural) by providing transport, communication and accelerate the local economy.
43. The sub project road serves as important link for providing connectivity between Bhind & Morena Districts. The traffic intensity at this sub project road is increasing, necessitating augmentation of capacity for safe and efficient movement. The road condition is poor which reduces the average traffic speed and also results in higher fuel consumption and vehicular pollution. Therefore, improvement of this subproject road is proposed to provide safe movement of increasing traffic at higher travel speeds, reduced travel time, accidents, overloading, and vehicular emissions.
3.5. Existing and Projected Traffic 44. The traffic load is one of most important activity to evaluate the potential
of the existing network and identify the major issues to develop various components of the proposed project corridor. It has a direct bearing on several aspects as lane width, pavement thickness, design features and elements. Hence, the existing and projected traffic scenario has been described before any other project component. The data analysis includes the traffic level, composition, directional distribution, daily variations, travel characteristics of the vehicles and loading characteristics of goods vehicles etc. In case of junctions, the flow of traffic in each direction and composition of vehicles etc was analysed. All these factors warrants for the collection of base data involving various traffic parameters to be studied and analyzed.
45. Existing Traffic Volume: Average Daily Traffic (ADT) of project road is studied at various locations and is presented in the Table 3.5. ADT for the project road varies from 1176 to 2864 in terms of number of vehicles and in terms of PCU it varies from 1265 to 2829. Highest traffic volume has been recorded at CVC Location at Km 11/200 near Para village. Lowest traffic volume has recorded at CVC Location at km 76/500 near Chomoh village.
Table 3.5 : Average Daily Traffic S. No. Location Total Vehicles Total (PCUs)
1 Para Village (km 11/200) 2864 2829 2 Chomoh Village (km 76/500) 1176 1265
46. Projected Traffic: The maximum traffic is expected to be 19,943 ADT (18,962 PCU) at near Para village by the year 2030. The above projection is based on the growth rates of 9.4% for Cars, 6.6 % for Buses, 5.8% for
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Goods Vehicles, 10.6% for 2-wheeler and 7.5% for Tractors which was derived through “IRC-108, Econometric Model”. The summary of projected traffic for the year 2009 to 2030 is given in Table 3.6.
Table 3.6 : Summary of Projected Total Traffic Volume (Veh./day and PCU/day)
Project Road 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 From To Near Para Village (11/200)
Bhind Porsa 3934 (4440)
5994 (6516)
9063 (9441)
13543 (13484)
19943 (18962)
Note: Values in bracket indicate PCUs/day
47. The capacity of different carriageways is 6000, 15000 and 18000 PCUs per day for intermediate lane, 2 lane with earthen shoulders and 2 lane with Paved shoulders respectively. Analysing the capacity of Design Service Volume of Carriage ways and the projected traffic, it is concluded that the project road requires two lane with earthen shoulder by 2014-2015.
3.6. Key Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities 48. This sub project road rehabilitation will involve activities like widening,
realignment, intersection, improvement, correction in road geometry and raising the embankment height in at certain stretches certain section of the road to meet the design norms defined for state highways under IRC codes. The brief of all key project activities are described below:
49. Realignment and Curvature Improvement: Based on approved geometric standards and formulated alignment plan of the existing road, it is found essential to provide improvement to the existing sub-standard geometry at various locations on the project roads. There are many sharp curves which need to be improved to develop a high-speed highway. In plain or rolling terrain, a minimum curve radius of 230 m has been attempted to achieve design speed however an absolute minimum radius of 150 m is used at location with space constraints (e.g. urban areas, structure approach & Forest areas etc.). These locations are tabulated in Appendix 3.3.
3.6.1. Proposed Cross Section Details 50. Lane Width and Earthen Shoulder: In order to meet future traffic
requirement the existing carriageway is proposed to be upgraded to Two Lane with Earthen Shoulder to achieve high speed of travel with comfort and safety. 7m wide carriageway is proposed with basic traffic lane width of 3.50m. Earthen shoulders of 2.50m wide is proposed on either side of the proposed main carriageway for rural plain and rolling terrains. In stretches like hilly or forest area earthen shoulder is restricted to 1.00 m.
51. Footpath: The minimum width of footpath in urban stretches is proposed to be 1.00m. The side drain in such stretches may be accommodated under the footpath.
52. Utility Corridor: Minimum width of utility corridor for rural sections will be 2.0m and for urban/ built-up sections will be 1.00m.
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53. Side Slopes
For fill sections, the following side slopes are proposed:
Embankment height up to 3.0 m - 2H: 1V
Embankment height from 3.0 m to 6.0 m - 1.5H: 1V
Embankment height exceeding 6.0 m - To be designed based on soil parameters.
Cut slopes will be as follows Soil - 1H: 1V
54. Cross fall : Carriageway will have cross-fall of 3.0%. For earthen shoulders cross-fall value will be 4.0%. Figure 3.3 shows the typical cross section to be followed on the project stretch.
Figure 3.3 : Typical Cross section of the project Road
55. Pavement Design and Widening: Existing road will be widened to improve the capacity as well as horizontal geometrics. A combination of overlay and new construction will be followed for proposed improvements. At a number of places, the vertical profile will be changed to improve the vertical geometrics. This will require reconstruction after partial or full removal of the existing pavement, depending upon sub-grade condition. In urban areas cement concrete pavement along with side drain is proposed.
56. Concentric widening scheme is followed to minimise land acquisition issues and to ensure maximum utilisation of existing carriageway. The improvement is proposed to the existing pavement to meet the design requirement of 2.5 m. In specific stretches where the pavement is damaged / deteriorated special treatments, are proposed. The improvement proposal includes overlay of BC=30mm, DBM=55mm, or raising and reconstruction with WMM, or raising and reconstruction with GSB. The details of existing carriage way and widening proposal is given at Table 3.7
Table 3.7 : Details of Existing Carriage Way with Widening Proposal S. Existing Chainage Proposed Lengt Existing Proposed
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No. (km) Chainage (km) h Carriageway
Carriageway
From To From To (km) Bhind – Ater Junction
1 1.000 2.000 1.000 2.000 1.000 6.000 7 2 2.000 4.000 2.000 4.000 2.000 5.000 7 3 4.000 7.300 4.000 7.290 3.290 5.000 7.00 + ES 3 7.500 8.670 7.500 8.660 1.160 6.000 7.00 + ES 4 8.670 10.500 8.660 10.480 1.820 6.000 7.00 + ES 5 10.500 11.030 10.480 11.000 0.520 6.500 7.00 + ES 6 11.030 11.380 11.000 11.330 0.330 4.500 7.00 + ES 7 11.430 12.700 12.840 14.750 1.910 4.500 7.00 + ES 8 12.960 14.850 14.750 14.850 0.100 4.900 7.00 + ES 9 14.950 15.450 14.850 15.350 0.500 5.000 7.00 + ES 10 15.550 16.100 15.450 16.000 0.550 5.000 7.00 + ES 11 16.250 18.540 16.150 18.450 2.300 3.000 7.00 + ES 12 18.900 19.300 18.800 19.200 0.400 4.000 7.00 + ES 13 19.880 20.150 19.770 20.050 0.280 3.750 7.00 + ES 14 20.300 24.000 20.200 23.900 3.700 3.900 7.00 + ES
Ater Junction – Ater 1 24.000 24.500 0.000 0.550 0.550 3.900 7.00 + ES 2 24.650 24.850 0.650 0.850 0.200 3.900 7.00 + ES 3 24.940 25.250 0.940 1.150 0.210 3.900 7.00 + ES 4 25.350 25.550 1.250 1.450 0.200 3.900 7.00 + ES 5 25.650 25.700 1.550 1.600 0.050 3.900 7.00 + ES 6 25.850 2.620 1.750 2.100 0.350 3.900 7.00 + ES 7 26.250 26.800 2.150 2.700 0.550 5.900 7.00 + ES 8 26.900 27.000 2.800 2.900 0.100 7.900 7.00 + ES 9 27.050 27.450 2.950 3.340 0.390 3.750 7.00 + ES
Ater Junction – Porsa 1 83.000 81.700 23.900 25.300 1.400 3.000 7.00 + ES 2 81.700 81.100 25.300 25.900 0.600 3.000 7.00 + ES 3 80.900 79.650 26.050 27.300 1.250 3.000 7.00 + ES 4 79.550 78.250 27.400 28.700 1.300 3.000 7.00 + ES 5 78.030 76.030 28.930 30.900 1.970 3.000 7.00 + ES 6 75.950 65.750 31.000 41.150 10.150 3.000 7.00 + ES 7 65.680 49.600 42.000 57.340 15.340 3.000 7.0 ES
Source: DPR
3.6.2. Improvement Proposal for Intersection 57. Improvement scheme in respect of each junction is prepared to smooth
movement of traffic. The improvement proposal suggested include either left in left out approach or channelized intersection design.
3.6.3. Design of Roadside Drains
58. For a sound drainage system open lined drain and chute drains in RCC on hill side in mountainous terrain and slopes of high embankment respectively and as rapids on high cut sections is followed. The construction of an underground drain 1 m x 1 m lined with RCC-20 cm thick and covered with RCC slab10 cm in thickness is proposed at urban
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and semi-urban stretches. Details about the drainage are given in Table 3.8.
Table 3.8 : Cement Concrete Lined Drain
S. No.
Existing Chainage (km)
Proposed Chainage (km)
Length Remarks
From To From To (mt.) 1 1/00 3/15 1/00 3/15 2150+2150 CC Drain (Bhind Village) 2 19/45 19/88 19/32 19/77 450+450 CC Drain (Pratappura) 3 75/75 75/65 30/88 30/98 100+100 CC Drain (Chomoh)
Source: DPR
3.6.4. Traffic Control and Safety Measures 59. In addition to adequate provisions for roadway width, geometric elements
and junction improvement, the following provisions are proposed to enhance the safety of road users. Due consideration has been made for the provisions contained in IRC: SP 44-1994, “Highway Safety Code”. Also, various measures have been proposed to increase traffic control for the High-speed highway.
3.6.4.1 Crash Barrier
60. Safety barrier of rigid, flexible or semi-rigid type are proposed at following locations. In general W-Beam crash barriers
♦ Non-traversable road side embankments ♦ Where embankment height is 3m or more ♦ Where embankment is retained by a retaining structure ♦ On valley sides of highway in hill sections ♦ Miscellaneous hazardous locations (like proximity to water
structures, non-collapsible sign supports, buildings etc.). The crash barrier locations are given in Table 3.9.
Table 3.9 : Crash Barrier Location Left Side Right Side
Proposed Chainage Length Proposed Chainage Length From To (m) From To (m)
Bhind - Ater-Porsa 7/20 7/50 295 8/64 8/67 30 7/51 7/60 95 8/98 9/01 30 8/64 8/67 30 18/57 18/63 60 8/98 9/03 50 28/65 28/71 60 28/07 28/13 60 35/53 35/60 70 35/53 35/58 50 35/67 35/72 50 35/67 35/72 50 42/97 43/00 35 42/97 43/00 35 45/90 46/01 105 45/90 46/01 105 46/03 46/10 65 46/03 46/08 50 55/65 55/72 70 55/65 55/72 70 0/00 0/00 0
Bhind Town Re-alignment 0/00 0/90 900 - - -
Total 1790 Total 575
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Source: DPR
3.6.4.2 Road Signs
61. Adequate road signs are proposed for the project road in order to provide advance information to regulate/control traffic flow and ensure safety of operations. All road signs are provided in accordance with IRC 67. Typical drawings showing road signs and erection details are given in drawing volume.
62. Appropriate road markings are provided with stop signs, give-way signs, traffic merging and diverging signs, lane closure signs, compulsory keep left/right signs or any other signs as per IRC-67. Advance cautionary signs are proposed for sharp curves along with chevron signs at the outer edge of the curves. In hilly areas, curve-ahead signs are accompanied with appropriate delineators.
63. The signs will be of retro reflective sheetings of high intensity grade with encapsulated lens and fixing details as per clause 801 of MoRT&H Specifications for Road and Bridge Works, 2001 (4th Revision, latest reprint).
3.6.4.3 Pavement Markings
64. In project road, pavement markings are proposed as per IRC: 35-1997, “Code of Practice for Road Marking” with centre-line, edge line, continuity line, stop line, give way lines, diagonal/chevron markings and zebra crossings. The pavement marking shall be of hot applied thermoplastic paint with glass beads as per the MORT&H specification for Road and Bridge Works, 2001(4th Revision, latest reprint).
3.6.4.4 Lighting
65. The project road is proposed with lighting systems in urban stretches/built up areas as shown in Table 3.10.
Table 3.10 : Lighting S.
No. Existing Chainage (km) Proposed Chainage (km) Length
From To From To (m) 1 19/450 19/880 19/320 19/770 450 2 75/750 75/650 30/880 30/980 100
Source: DPR
3.6.5. User Facilities 3.6.5.1 Bus Stop
66. Bus stops are proposed at following locations as given below in Table 3.11. Existing bus stops are proposed to be retained. Appropriate maintenance measures shall be made to keep it in working conditions.
Table 3.11 : Bus Stop Locations
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S. No.
Existing Chainage (Km/m)
Proposed Chainage (Km/m)
Side Village Name
Bhind – Ater - Porsa 1 6/650 6/605 Left Pathanpura 2 23/000 22/930 Left Bhindava 3 24/000 23/907 Left Ater 4 24/035 0/065 Right Ater
Source: DPR
3.6.6. Slope Stabilisation and Protection Works 67. Erosion prevention is one of the major factors in design, construction and
maintenance of highways. The most direct application of erosion control occurs in drainage design and in the writing of specifications for landscaping and slope planting. Erosion is minimized largely by the use of flat side slopes, rounded and blended with natural terrain; serrated cut slopes; drainage channels designed with due regard to width, depth, slopes, alignment, and protective treatment; inlets located and spaced with erosion control in mind; prevention of erosion at culvert outlets; proper facilities for groundwater interception; dikes, berms, and other protective devices to trap sediment at strategic locations; and protective ground covers and planting.
68. High embankment will be site specifically designed considering the quality of the available material, prevalent moisture condition and associated pore water pressure, bearing capacity of the founding strata and the requirement of any preloading etc. Stone pitching is proposed at these locations. Stone pitching is proposed at the locations mentioned in Table 3.12. Other stabilisation measures as Concrete block pitching and Launching apron in CC blocks are proposed to be adopted on case to case basis after thorough study of the problematic sites.
Table 3.12 : Stone Pitching Left Side Right Side Remarks
Proposed Chainage Length Proposed Chainage Length From To (m) From To (m) 7/20 7/50 295 7/20 7/50 295 7/51 7/60 95 7/51 7/60 95 8/64 8/67 30 8/64 8/67 30 8/98 9/03 50 8/98 9/01 30
- - - 18/57 18/63 60 Pond - - - 19/66 19/72 60 Pond
28/07 28/13 60 - - - Pond - - - 28/65 28/71 60 Pond
35/53 35/58 50 35/53 35/60 70 35/67 35/72 50 35/67 35/72 50
- - - 37/79 37/83 35 Pond 42/97 43/00 35 42/97 43/00 35 45/90 46/01 105 45/90 46/01 105 46/03 46/08 50 46/03 46/10 65 55/65 55/72 70 55/65 55/72 70
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Source: DPR
3.6.7. Improvement Proposal for Bridges and Drainage Structure 69. There is one major bridge, eight minor bridges, one existing causeway
and sixty three culverts along the Project road. The project road crosses railway line at three locations at same grade level. The rehabilitation of the bridge includes the activities like change of damaged handrails, replacement of defective expansion joints, repairing of minor cracks, repairing of solid slab having signs of damage, cleaning by sand blasting of corroded steel reinforcement and additional reinforcement where necessary, strengthening and repairing with PMC of RCC solid slabs which show honeycombing, removal of existing wearing coat and replacement with new wearing coat of 50 mm thick bituminous concrete after laying 12mm thick mastic asphalt, strengthening of approaches.
70. Waterway/ventway will be cleaned if vegetation growth is impeding the main water channel. The channel will be dredged if excessive siltation has blocked the waterway. Spur, dykes will be provided to change the water course if it is found that due to the flow direction, excessive scouring is occurring near one of pier or abutment and it is in danger.
3.6.8. Improvement Proposal for Causeways 71. There is one causeway which is solid slab type. The improvement
proposal for causeways is based on following considerations. Almost all causeways get overtopped during monsoon. Hence Discharge passing through vent as well as overtopping part is considered for revised structure. Additional pipes were introduced by raising road level to economise cost, wherever possible. In typical cases wherever required box type structure is also proposed.
3.6.9. Improvement Proposal for Culverts 72. There are twenty nice culverts along the project road. The project road
crosses railway line at one location at same grade level. The improvement proposal includes dismantling and recasting of head walls, bed replacement with proper designs. Many of the culverts have vegetation in the channels apart from some sand mounds causing vent way obstruction, which need clearing. Pipe diameter less than 0.9 m is to be replaced by 1.2 m diameter pipe. The culverts which are completely damaged or distressed are proposed for reconstruction. The culvert retained and repaired as mentioned above will be widen to match with formation width of road section.
3.6.10. Utilities and Services 73. Utilities and Services are seen only in the vicinity of towns, villages and
roadside establishments the project road alignment traverses through either open area or agricultural land with small stretches of forest area. As the project road connects the major towns namely, Bhind, Ater and Porsa all major utilities run adjacent to the road alignment. Electric and telephone lines almost follow the existing road alignment.
3.7. Material required and Sourcing
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74. The various construction materials which will be required for the project road construction and other activities are listed below.
• Borrow Soil • Aggregate • Granular material • Sand • Cement • Bitumen • Steel • Water
3.7.1. Borrow soil 75. Borrow Soil identified during survey for DPR study revealed that it can be
used for road embankment as well as for Sub grade layer. The details of available source, location, average lead distance to the project road and approximate available quantity are given in Table 3.13.
Table 3.13 : List of Borrow Area S.
No. Chainage Section Side Type of
Material Approximate
distance from project road in (M)
Approximate Quantity
(Indicative Area)
1 6/000 Bhind - Ater Left &Right Soil 50 300 x100 m 2 6/200 Bhind – Ater Left & Right Soil 50 300 x100 m 3 10/800 Bhind - Ater Left soil 40 200x100 m 4 12/800* Bhind - Ater Left soil 50 200x200m 5 28/200* Bhind - Ater Right Hillock 40 300x100 m 6 54/500* Ater Junction-
Porsa Left soil 40 200x200 m
Source: DPR
3.7.2. Aggregate 76. Aggregate stone is basic ingredient in road construction. Investigation of
quarry area was carried out for DPR study to ascertain the potential source of aggregate for the construction of different pavement layers like Bituminous Concrete (BC), Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM), Bituminous Macadam (BM), Wet Mix Macadam (WMM), Granular Sub-base, sand for cement concrete works and GSB. Nearest quarry/crusher are situated near Bhander which is about 115 Km far from the project road
3.7.3. Sand
77. Sand is generally used in the concrete work during construction. The major source of sand on the project road is at Baroli, which is about 22 km far from the project road.
3.7.4. Cement
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78. There are so many factories of cement manufacturing in Madhya Pradesh. The cement can be procured from the open market.
3.7.5. Bitumen 79. Nearest source of bitumen is Mathura refinery, Uttar Pradesh and Koyali
Refinery, Gujarat. Bitumen of VG-10 equivalent of 80-100 or VG-30 equivalent of 60-70 penetration grade from above mentioned Refinery, is proposed to be used for bituminous work.
3.7.6. Steel 80. There is numbers of steel rolling factories is situated in Madhya Pradesh,
with various grade of steel. The steel is to be purchase from the open market.
3.7.7. Water 81. Ground water and surface water in the vicinity of the project road is
proposed to use as a source of water for construction activities. The approximate quantity of water required for construction activities in the project is 300 KL/day.
3.8. Project Implementation Schedule and Cost 82. The project is in the detailed design stage. The construction of widening
of the road to 2- lane road, will be implemented in 24 months. The estimated cost of the project excluding R and R and EMP is estimated to be INR 7,20,398,401/-.
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4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 83. Baseline environmental conditions about all facets of environment viz.
physical, biological and socio-economic have been established using both primary and secondary sources. Efforts have been made to collect the latest information both at regional as well as local level especially along the project corridor. This will help to predict likely changes in the environment due to the project and will serve as performance indicators for various components.
84. The project road Bhind-Ater-Porsa road is a section of SH-2 measuring 59.95 km in length and located in Bhind and Morena districts of Madhya Pradesh. A summary Table of the project districts is given in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1 : Summary of Important Features of the Project Districts S.
No. Parameters Bhind Morena
1. General
It is located in Chambal region in the northwest part of the Madhya Pradesh and covers an area of about 4,459 sq. km.
It lies between N Latitude 25º 55’ and 26º 45’ and E longitude 78º 12’ and 79º 05’.
It is located at an elevation of 143 m above MSL
It is located in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh and covers an area of 5017 sq. km.
It lies between N Latitude
26º 30’ and 26º 05’ and E longitude 77º 5’ and 78º 26’
It is located at an elevation
of 177 m above MSL.
2. Climate
The temperature in June touches 42 °C.
It receives on an average 705.1 mm of rain annually.
In the summer, the temperature reaches to a maximum of 42 °C.
It receives on an average 712 mm of rain annually.
3.
Ecologically Sensitive Area Wild Life
Sanctuaries None National Chambal Sanctuary
National Parks None None Tiger Reserves None None
Elephant Reserves None None
Reserve/Protected Forests
Gumara Reserve Forest Ratawa Reserve Forest
None
4.
Geomorphology
1. Major Physiographic Units
1.Younger Alluvium plain 2. Uneven ravines 3. Older Alluvium plain 4. Ridge Sedimentary
1. The Vindhyan Range
2. The river valleys
2. Major Drainage
Lower Chambal Sub Basin of Yamuna Basin, Major Rivers Chambal, Kwari, Vaishali, Sind & Pahuj
Chambal Sub-Sub Basin & Kwari Sindh Sub-Sub Basin. The district is drained by the important rivers like Chambal River, Kwari River, Asan River
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and Sank River.
5. Major Soil Type Alluvial, medium & deep black; shallow & medium black; and mixed red & black
Alluvial, sandy loam soil
6. Principal Crops soyabean, paddy, cotton, jowar, maize, bajra, pulses, sesamum, sunflower, wheat, gram , peas, lahat and toria
Wheat, Mustard seed etc. The prominent Kharif crop is Bajra
7. Predominant Geological Formations
Alluvium followed by Vindhyan & Gwalior series.
Alluvium followed by Shales and sandstones of Vindhya and Gwalior super group.
8. Hydrogeology Alluvium, Weathered fractured & jointed Vindhyan sand stones & shale
The alluvium overlies the irregular Vindhyan basement comprising shale and sand stone.
Source: Central Ground Water Authority Reports and other District/Govt. websites
4.1. Physical Environment 4.1.1. Meteorology and Climate
85. Madhya Pradesh has a subtropical climate characterized by hot summer season and dryness except southwest monsoon season. Like most of north India it has a hot dry summer (April-June) followed by monsoon rains (July-September) and a cool and relatively dry winter (December-February). The maximum temperature during summer season ranges from 33 to 44ºC and 10 to 27ºC during winter season. The average rainfall is about 1,370 mm which decreases from east to west. The south-eastern districts have the heaviest rainfall, some places receiving as much as 2,150 mm, while the western and north-western districts receive 1,000 mm or less. The Isohyetal map of Madhya Pradesh is shown in Figure 4.1
Figure 4.1 : Isohyetal map of Madhya Pradesh
86. The Sub-Project passes through 2 districts – Bhind and Morena where May is the hottest month with daily maximum temperature of 42 °C while January is coolest with minimum temperature of 7.1 °C. Wind velocity is
27
higher during the summer period as compared to the post-monsoon period. The maximum wind velocity is 11.3 km/h during the month of June and minimum is 3.1 km/h during the month of November. Average annual wind velocity is 6.4 km/h. The weather remains dry for all the seasons except monsoon. During the south-west monsoon season the relative humidity is to the tune of 83% (August month). During summer the relative humidity is less than 26%.
87. In the project districts, Morena receive higher amount of rainfall in comparison to Bhind. Highest amount of rainfall was received in 2008 for both the districts in the last five years. More than 90% of the total rainfall occurs in between the months of June to September as a result of south west monsoon. Rainfall details during the last five years in the project area have been summarized in Table 4.2
Table 4.2 : Monthly Rainfall data (mm) in the project districts for the last five years
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Annual Total
Bhind 2004 51.4 0 0 0 0.4 66.4 58 167.8 85.2 56.5 0 0 485.7 2005 4.3 0 11 0 4.3 36.8 222.6 74.1 97.5 0 0 2.1 452.7 2006 0 0 18.5 0 0 74.7 182 77.6 46.9 2.2 0 0 401.9 2007 0 55.6 32.6 1.9 7.6 67.7 122.2 126.9 64.1 0 0 0 478.6 2008 0 0 0 0.3 40.5 189.1 322.2 257.5 157.9 6 0 0 973.5 Morena 2004 29 0 0 0 0.3 15.3 104.3 268.1 108.6 22 0 0 547.6 2005 5.3 0 0 0 16 66.2 391.7 93.7 114.4 0 0 0 687.3 2006 N.A. N.A. 6 1 22 93.8 127.4 66.9 72.1 0 0 0 N.A. 2007 0 60.1 10.8 0.5 3.8 79.9 51 123.8 101.5 0 0 0 431.4 2008 0 0 0 0 0 163.1 221.7 269.3 116.3 6 1.3 0 777.7 Source: India Meteorological Department, Delhi
4.1.2. Air and Noise Quality 88. In absence of any existing data on ambient air quality and noise levels of
the project area, onsite monitoring was conducted at few select locations. Most of the project area lies in vast open agricultural land and is largely free from air pollution and noise generating sources other than traffic and few brick-kilns existing in the area. However these Brick-kilns are with adequate stack height. Moreover, these are located in open area and operate only for few months.
4.1.2.1 Air Quality
89. The 24 hourly average ambient air quality levels with respect to suspended particulate matter (SPM), respirable particulate matter (RSPM), Sulphur Dioxide and Oxides of Nitrogen are shown in Table 4.3. The data reveals that SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOx range from 130.5 to 185.2 µg/m3, 38.7 to 87.4 µg/m3, 4.1 to 12.8 µg/m3 and 6.3 to 13.7 µg/m3
respectively in the project area. These ambient air quality levels conform to the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) (Appendix 4.1).
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Table 4.3 : Ambient Air Quality Along the project section (24 Hourly)
Location RSPM SPM SO2 NOx
Bhind Town Rly. Station Max 87.4 185.2 12.8 13.7 Min 45.6 144.3 7.5 7.1 Avg. 68.6 165.4 10.6 9.2
Aarethi Village Max 75.1 172.6 10.4 12.2 Min 38.7 130.5 4.8 6.3 Avg. 58.2 150.5 7.5 8.8
Gader Village Max 80.5 165.3 11.2 12.7 Min 55.8 132.4 5.2 8.5 Avg. 67.3 147.7 7.8 10.4
Porsa Village Max 76.5 168.2 9.7 11.3 Min 44.2 132.7 4.1 7.5 Avg. 61.3 151.0 6.6 9.3
Source: Field Monitoring
4.1.2.2 Noise
90. The ambient noise levels (Table 4.4) at most of the locations is well within the permissible limits as per the prescribed standards for day time and night time (Appendix – 4.2). Overall the noise levels in the project region are not disturbing.
Table 4.4 : Noise Level in dB(A) Along the Project Corridor
Station Code Location
Noise level in dB (A) Day Night
L Max
L Min Leq. L
Max L
Min Leq.
N-1 Pustak Chowk 66.2 35.4 50.7 60.6 30.2 43.1
N-2 Bhind Rly. Station 67.4 34.7 52.2 60.2 29.7 42.4 N-3 Para Village 58.1 31.2 49.4 57.8 28.4 41.4 N-4 Aarethi Village 65.7 30.5 51.5 57.2 29.5 43.3 N-6 Gader Village 62.5 32.3 51.2 56.3 30.1 40.2 N-5 Porsa Village 68.3 30.8 52.3 60.1 28.3 43
Source: Field Monitoring
4.1.3. Topography and Geomorphology 91. The project road lies between 78º 22’ E to 78º 47’ E and 26º 34’ N to 26º
40’ N. The topography of the region is mixed type. The project road alignment traverses through plain and rolling terrain in most of the length. The maximum stretch of the project section which lies in Bhind district, forms part of the vast older plains including riverbeds with structural plains, structural hills and valleys with denudation slope are restricted to south-western part. The area has very gentle slope towards northeast with high elevation of 190 m above MSL in the south-western part and the lowest elevation of 149 m above MSL in the north-western part. In this section, landforms are mainly alluvium followed by Vindyan and Gwalior series valley plains. Apart from these geomorphic units, uneven ravines and isolated hills are also predominant.
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92. A part of the project section lies in Morena district which is characterised by Vindhyan Hill range and Alluvium plain. The area is marked by undulating topography with elevated plains with very few low altitude isolated hills. The ground elevation in the area is about 177 m from the mean sea level.
4.1.4. Geology/Soil 93. The project section falls under the Bhind district which has predominant
geological formations of Alluvium followed by Vindhyan & Gwalior series. The soil in the district generally falls under the broad group of deep alluvial soils. Color of the soil varies from brown, yellowish brown to dark grey brown. Texture of soils varies from sandy loam (below 20% clay), loam (20 – 30% clay), clay loam (30 – 40% clay) & clay (more than 40% clay). Clay loam soil found in some parts of Gohad & Mehgaon blocks and sandy loam soil is usually found in other blocks. Thickness of the soil varies from 70 to 250 m and resting over the Vindhyan & Archaeans rocks.
94. Vindhyan Formation: The outcrop of this formation is exposed in the western parts of the district in Gohad tehsil of Bhind. As these rocks are hard, compact and devoid of weaker zones, therefore, the ground water occurrence is meagre and ground water development in this formation is less. Gwalior Series: Gwalior series is exposed in south-western part of the Bhind district and consists of banded hematite quartzite. Ground water occurs under semi confined to confined conditions and yield potential is not too much.
95. In Morena region the alluvium overlies the irregular Vindhyan basement comprising of shale and sand stone. These deposits are in continuation of the Indo-Gangetic alluvium accumulated in the drainage basins of the Chambal and Sindh (Kwari is tributary of Sindh). The alluvium sediments consisting of clay, silt, sand and gravels cover. Morena is famous for the ravines. The ravines are created by gully erosion are heavily under soil loss.
96. Soil samples have been collected at four locations in the project section as shown in Table 4.5. The Table reveals that the dominant soil type is Sandy clay loam with good organic content.
Table 4.5 : Physiochemical Characteristics of soil in the project road S.
No. Parameters Location
Bhind Para Aarethi Gader 1 Colour Brown Brown Brown Brown 2 pH(20% slurry) 8.3 8.1 7.8 7.5 3 Conductivity ( μmhos /
cm, 20% slurry) 320 286 318 305 4 Moisture (%) 1.72 1.64 1.46 1.52 5 Chlorides (%) 0.0376 0.0418 0.0458 0.0385 6 Bulk density (g/cc) 1.28 1.32 1.17 1.21 7 Porosity (%v/v) 0.71 0.82 0.68 0.65 8 Water Holding
Capacity (%) 27 31 25 28
B
30
S. No.
Parameters Location Bhind Para Aarethi Gader
9 CEC meq/100g 26.7 28.2 31.2 27.3 10 Carbonate (%) NT NT NT NT 11 Bicarbonate (%) 0.0735 0.0681 0.0832 0.0645 12 Organic Matter (%) 0.49 0.63 0.58 0.53 13 Texture Sandy Clay
Loam Sandy
Clay Loam Sandy Clay
Loam Sandy Clay
Loam 14 Nitrogen % 1.45 1.38 1.42 1.26 15 Potassium ,kg/h 1.72 1.21 1.52 1.55 16 Phosphorous, kg/h 31.2 32.8 28.7 30.4 Source: Field Monitoring
4.1.5. Seismicity 97. The project region falls in Zones II & III i.e., low to moderate risk zone.
The hazard and seismic zoning map is shown in Figure 4.2
Source: Amateur Seismic Centre, Pune
Source: IS 1893 (Part 1) 2002
Figure 4.2 : Hazard and Seismic Zoning Map 4.1.6. Land use
98. The area under various land uses in the state is presented in Table 4.6. It shows that the major portion of the land use is under agriculture (48.6%) followed by forest cover (28%).
Table 4.6 : Land Use Pattern in the State
Land Use Area in '000 ha Percentage Total geographical area 30824 Reporting Area for land utilization 30756 100
31
Land Use Area in '000 ha Percentage Net area Sown 14975 48.7 Forest* 8688 28.2 Area not available for cultivation 3364 10.9 Permanent Pasture & Grazing land 1341 4.3 Land under misc. tree crops & groves 20 0.06 Cultivable waste land 1175 3.8 Fallow land other than current fallows 596 1.9 Current fallows 596 1.9
Source: DPR * The data is given for 2004-05 (as per availability) including Reserved & Protected Forest
99. Land Use Pattern along the project road Section: Land use pattern along the project road is mixed type dominated by agriculture and residential areas. Chainage-wise land use along the project road is given in Table 4.7. About 1.8 km of the total project road is passing through the reserve forest. There are also few public and private settlements along the project road
Table 4.7 : Chainage-wise landuse pattern along the project road Chainage
(km) Existing land use Villages / Towns From To
BHIND - ATER 0 3.0 Residential/ Settlements Bhind
3.0 5.5 Agricultural land 5.5 6.5 Agricultural land & village Ghadupura 6.5 10.0 Agricultural & barren land 10.0 14.0 Barren land with patches of settlements Para, Mevarampura 14.0 19.0 Agricultural land 19.0 21.0 Agricultural land & village Pratappura 21.0 26.0 Agricultural land 26.0 27.8 Forest area both side Ater
PORSA to ATER 48.0 50.0 Residential/ Settlements Porsa 50.0 52.0 Agricultural land 52.0 56.0 Residential/ Settlements Aarethi,Rajaudha 56.0 60.0 Agricultural land Dondri 60.0 65.0 Agricultural land with sporadic settlements Dhaka 65.0 69.0 Agricultural land & Built-up area Kanera 69.0 71.0 Barren land 71.0 74.0 Agricultural land with settlements Gader, Marolikali 74.0 76.0 Barren land 76.0 83.0 Agricultural land with settlements Chaumo, Navali Source: DPR
4.1.7. Hydrology and Drainage 100. Madhya Pradesh represents great river basins and the watershed of a
number of rivers. Catchments of many rivers of India lie in Madhya Pradesh. The Narmada (originating from Amarkantak) and Tapti
32
(originating from Multai of Betul District) rivers and their basins divide the state in two, with the northern part draining largely into Ganga basin and the southern part into Godavari and Mahanadi systems. The Chambal, Sipra, Kali Sind, Parbati, Kuno, Sind, Betwa, Dhasan and Ken rivers are the main tributaries of the Yamuna.
101. The project district Bhind lies in lower Chambal basin. Major tributaries are Kwari, Asad, Besali, Sindh & Pahuj rivers. The detail of the catchment area of each river is given in Table 4.8.
Table 4.8 : Catchment area of major tributaries
Sub Basin Catchment area in the district (sq. Km.)
% of the Catchment area in the district
Length of river in the district (Km)
Direct Catchment of River Chambal 257.87 5.79 46.3
Asad & Kwari 896.14 20.13 85.0 Besali 1729.28 38.84 57.0 Sindh 785.76 17.65 64.0 Pahuj 783.17 17.59 30.0
Source: DPR
102. Most part of the project district Morena lies in Chambal, Kwari and Sindh Sub-Basin. The district is drained by important rivers like Chambal, Kwari, Asan and Sank.
4.1.8. Groundwater 103. The ground water availability along the project road area is poor. The
depth of water table falls below 200 feet during summer season. Most of the wells become dry except in monsoon season. The groundwater quality of the samples collected during field survey in the study area has been summarised in Table 4.9 . The results reveal that the ground water quality conforms to the drinking water standards (Appendix 4.3).
Table 4.9 : Groundwater Quality Along the Project Corridor
S. No. Parameters
Location Bhind Gadhupura Ater Porsa
1 Colour Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless 2 pH 7.6 7.3 6.9 7.2 3 Conductivity (μmhos / cm) 495 475 430 418 4 Turbidity, NTU 3 2 3 2 5 TDS (mg/l) 293 285 264 260 6 TSS (mg/l) 6 5 6 5
7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) 132 135 142 126
8 Chlorides as Cl (mg/l) 26.5 35.2 26.8 28.3 9 Sulphates as SO4 (mg/l) 17.2 18.4 16.3 16.5 10 Nitrates as NO3 (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 11 Phosphates as PO4 (mg/l) 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.06 12 Florides as F (mg/l) 0.55 0.58 0.63 0.49 13 Iron as Fe (mg/l) 0.2 0.15 0.17 0.21 14 Lead as Pb (mg/l) 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03
33
S. No. Parameters
Location Bhind Gadhupura Ater Porsa
15 Copper as Cu (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 16 Nickel as Ni (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 17 Zinc as Zn (mg/l) 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 18 Chromium Total as Cr (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 19 Manganese as Mn (mg/l) 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.06 20 Oil & grease (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 21 Calcium as Ca (mg/l) 30.2 32.7 28.6 31.5 22 Magnesium as Mg (mg/l) 19.2 21.4 17.5 18.3
Source: Analysis of Field Samples
4.1.9. Surface water 4.1.9.1 Surface Water Resources and Drainage Pattern
104. The major rivers in the project area are Sindh, Kwari and Chambal besides, other small streams. River Kwari cross the project road near Para village while Chambal traverses parallel to the project section (Figure 4.3). Kwari and Chambal are found to be perennial as observed. Other water bodies along the corridor are given in Table 4.10.
Table 4.10 : List of Surface Water Sources Along/Across Project Corridor
S. No. Name District Whether Crossing or in Buffer Area
Perennial
1. Sindh River Bhind Crossing the alignment Perennial 2. Kwari River Bhind Crossing the alignment Perennial 3. Chambal River Bhind Buffer Area Perennial
Source: Survey of India Toposheet
34
Figure 4.3 : Drainage Map of Project Area
4.1.9.2 Surface Water Quality
105. Surface water sample taken from Kwari and Chambal river has been compared with the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Irrigation- Class D and propagation of wild life and fisheries -Class-E (Appendix 4.4). The results of the samples conforms their suitability for both these purposes. Results of the surface water quality in the project area have been summarized in Table 4.11
Table 4.11 : Surface Water Quality of the river in project area
S. No. Parameters
Location Kwari River Chambal River
1 Colour Colourless Colourless 2 pH 7.35 6.8 3 Conductivity (μmhos / cm) 345 385 4 Turbidity, NTU 6 6 5 TDS (mg/l) 225 260 6 TSS (mg/l) 17 21
7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) 140 155
8 Chlorides as Cl (mg/l) 42.3 35.3 9 Sulphates as SO4 (mg/l) 16.3 15.8
10 Nitrates as NO3 (mg/l) 0.54 ND
35
S. No. Parameters
Location Kwari River Chambal River
11 Phosphates as PO4 (mg/l) 0.06 0.07 12 Florides as F (mg/l) 0.4 0.02 13 Iron as Fe (mg/l) 0.16 0.22 14 Lead as Pb (mg/l) ND ND 15 Copper as Cu (mg/l) ND ND 16 Nickel as Ni (mg/l) ND ND 17 Zinc as Zn (mg/l) 0.9 0.7 18 Chromium Total as Cr (mg/l) ND ND 19 Manganese as Mn (mg/l) 0.08 0.06 20 Oil & grease (mg/l) ND ND 21 Calcium as Ca (mg/l) 27.3 26.8 22 Magnesium as Mg (mg/l) 18.3 16.5 23 Total Coliform 33 25 24 DO 4.9 4.3 25 BOD 5.4 4.2 26 COD 14.2 12.8
Source: Analysis of field Samples
4.2. Ecological Resources 4.2.1. Terrestrial Ecology
4.2.1.1 Forests
106. Madhya Pradesh is endowed with rich and diverse forest resources. Lying between lat. 21°04'N and long. 74°02' and 82°49' E, it is a reservoir of biodiversity. The geographical area of the state is 308,144 km2 (118,975 sq mi) which constitutes 9.38% of the land area of the country. The forest area of the state is 95,221 km2 (36,765 sq mi) constituting 31% of the geographical area of the state and 12.44% of the forest area of the country. Legally this area has been classified into "Reserved Forest, Protected Forest and Unclassified Forest", which constitute 61.7%, 37.4% and 0.9% of the forest area respectively. Central, eastern and southern parts of the state are rich, whereas northern and western parts are deficient in forest. The forest cover of the state is shown in Figure 4.4
Figure 4.4 : Forest Cover Map of Madhya Pradesh
36
107. Forest Area along the Project Section: A section of the project road i.e. about 1.8 km passes through forest areas5
Table 4.12
. No threatened or endangered species have been found in these forests. The details of the forest area have been summarised in .
Table 4.12 : Forest details along the project road
S. No. Road Section
Chainage Length (km)
Side of Road Type of Forest
From To 1
Bhind to Ater 26.000 27.800 1.8 Right Reserve Forest
2 26.000 27.800 1.8 Left Protected Forest Total (km) 1.8
Source: DPR 4.2.1.2 Flora
108. The vegetation in the study area is found on the edges of fields and along the roadside. The roadside plantation is mainly dominated by Prosopis juliflora and Acacia spp. The Tree species which are observed during the survey are Aam or Mango-Mangifera indica, Eucalyptus spp., Teak- Tectona grandis, Khair- Acacia catechu, Neem- Azadirachta indica, Kikar or Babul- Acacia nilotica, Siris - Albizia lebek, Ber or Indian Jujube- Zizyphus mauritiana, Barh or Banyan- Ficus benghalensis, Pipal or Bo Tree - Ficus religiosa, Bogori - Zizyphus jujuba, Imli or Tamarind- Tamarindus indica, Ghoranim – Melia azedarach, Mahua - Madhuca indica. The shrub species which are observed during the survey area Calotropis procera, Lantana camara, Vitex nigundo, Zyzypus xylopyra, Anona squamosa etc. The list of common trees observed during the present survey along the road is given in Table 4.13.
109. The study area shows presence of medicinal plants. The area abounds in production of many kinds of fruits, flowers, seeds and leaves which have medicinal properties. Study area has got a variety of trees and plants owing to the climatic and geological factors. There are many plants like Mangifera indica, Ailanthus excelsa, Embelica officinalis, Aegle marmelos, Ficus benghalensis which have medicinal value found in the study area.
110. No loss of any threatened, rare or endangered plant species is envisaged in the project area.
5 Reserved Forests - The State Government may constitute any forest-land or waste-land as reserved forests which is the property of Government, or over which the Government has proprietary rights, or to the whole or any part of the forest-produce of which the Government is entitled. Protected forest - The State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, declare the provisions applicable to any forest-land or waste-land which,, is not included in a reserved forest but which is the property of Government, or over which the Government has proprietary rights, or to the whole or any part of the forest produce of which the Government is entitled. There is small difference between Reserved and Protected Forests in India. The major difference between the two (As per Indian Forests Act 1972) is that all activities in a reserved forest are prohibited unless prior permission is obtained. Whereas in case of protected forests State Govt frames rules for various permittable activities like cutting of trees which can be performed following the rules.
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Table 4.13 : List of Plant Species in the Study Area S. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family
Large Trees 1. Achar Buchanania lanzan (spreg) Anacardiaceae 2. Arjun Terminalia arjuna (Bedd) Combretaceae 3. Aam Mangifera indica (Linn) Anacardiaceae 4. Awla Emblica officinalis Euphorbiaceae 5. Imli Tamarindus indica (Linn) Caesalpiniaceae 6. Kardhai Anogeissus pendula Combrataceae 7. Kala siras Albizia lebbek Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 8. Kevlor Bauhinia purpurea Caesalpinaceae 9. Kumbhi Careya arborea Myrtaceae 10. Kullu Sterculia urens Stcrculiaceae 11. Kem Mitragyna parvifolia Rubiaceae 12. Khair Acacia catechu Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 13. Gular Ficus glomerata Moraceae 14. Gunja Gardenia pinnata Burseraceae 15. Chchwa Albizzia odoratissima Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 16. Chirol Holoptelea integrifolia Legumenosae (Mimoseae) 17. Jamun Syzygium cuimini Myrataceae 18. Kankar Lannea coromandalica Anacardiaceae 19. Tendu Diospyros melanoxeon Ebenaceae 20. Dhavda Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae 21. Dhobin Dalbergia paniculata Leguminosae (Papilionaceae) 22. Nilgiri Eucalyptus spp Myrtaceae 23. Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae 24. Palas Butea monosperma Leguminosea (papilionaceae) 25. Pakar Ficus infectoria Moraceae 26. Padar Stereospermum suaveolens Bignoniaceae 27. Pangra Erythrina Suberosa Leguminosae (Pipilionaceae) 28. Pipal Ficus religiosa Moraceae 29. Bad Ficus bengalensis Moraceae 30. Bahera Terminalia belerica Combretaceae 31. Babul Acacia nilotica Legumenosae (Mimoseae) 32. Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae 33. Bhirra Chloroxylon Swietenia, D.C. Meliaceae 34. Maharukh Ailanthus excelsa Simarubiaceae 35. Mahua Madhuca indica Sapotaceae 36. Shisham Delbergia latifolia, Roxb Leguminosae (Papilionaceae) 37. Safed Siras Albizzia procera, Benth Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 38. Sagwan Tectona grandis Verbenaceae 39. Saj Terminalia tomentosa Combretaceae 40. Salai Boswellia serrata Burseraceae 41. Seja Lagerstroemia parviflora Lythraceae 42. Semal Salmalia malabarica, Bombaxcieba Malvaceae 43. Haldu Adina Cardifolia Rubiaceae Small Trees 44. Amaltash Cassia fistula Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 45. Astara Bauhinia malabarica Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 46. Asta Bauhinia racermosa Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 47. Ghont Zizyphus xylopyra Rhamnaceae 48. Ber Zizyphus jujube Rhamnaceae 49. Lokhandi Ixora arborea Rubiaceae
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S. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family 50. Sehra Bauhinia retusa Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) Shrubs and Under Shrubs 51. Adusa Adhatoda vasica Acanthaceae 52. Apamarg Achyranthes aspera Amaranthaceae 53. Arandi Ricinus Communis Euphorbiaceae 54. Aak Calotropis gigantean Asclepiadaceae 55. Gokhru Tribulus terrestris Zygophllaceae 56. Zhadneri Zizyphus nummularia Rhamnaceae 57. Tulsi Ocimum Sanctum Labiatae 58. Thuar Euphorbia nerifolia Euphorbiaceae 59. Dhavai Woodfordia fruticosa Lythraceae 60. Nirgudi Vitex negundo Verbenaceae 61. Neel Indigofera pulchella Leguminosae 62. Pawar Cassia tora Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 63. Beshram Ipomoea pescaparae Convolvulaceae 64. Bhatkatiya Solanum nigrum Solanaceae 65. Vidyasini Lantana camara Verbenaceae 66. Shatavari Asparagus recemosus Liliaceae 67. Sitafal Anona Squamosa Anonaceae 68. Harsingar Nyctanthes arbortristis Oleacaae 69. Ratanjot Jatropha curacas Evphorbiaceae 70. Gunja Abrus precatorious Leguminosea 71. Gauj Millietia auriculata Leguminosea (Pipilionaceae) 72. Palasbel Butea superba Leguminosea (Pipilionaceae) 73. Amrbel Cuscuta reflexa Convolvulaceae 74. Bans Dendrocalamus Strictus Gramineae
Source: Field Study/Secondary Sources and Public Consultation 4.2.2. Fauna
4.2.2.1 Wild Life and Protected Areas
111. There are 9 national parks and 25 sanctuaries spread over an area of 10,862 km2 constituting 11.40% of the total forest area and 3.52% of the geographical area of the state. There are two reserve forests in the bhind district and the national chambal sanctuary in the morena district. The project roads pass through a reserve forest for a length of 1.8 km near 26.00 to 27.800 km chainage. Apart from this the project road does not pass through any wild life sanctuaries/national parks, tiger reserves etc. The details of National Park and Sanctuaries is shown in Figure 4.5
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Figure 4.5 : National Parks and Sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh
112. The vegetation density and diversity is an important factor determining the habitat and thus for particular wild animals. Different animals prefer different types of habitat for food and shelter. The public consultation revealed the existence of foxes, hare, and macaque in the study area. Grazing activity mostly performed by domestic animals like cow, buffaloes, goat etc. The list of fauna present in study area is given in Table 4.14
Table 4.14 : List of Fauna found in the Study Area
S. No. Local Name Zoological Name Family 1. Common Langur Presbytia entellus Colobidae 2. Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta Circopthecidae 3. Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi Herpestidae 4. Jackal Canis aureus Canidae 5. Indian Fox Vulpes benglensis Canidae 6. Common five Stripped squirrel Funambulus pennanti Sciuridae 7. Field rat Bandicota bengalensis Muridae 8. Common house rat Rattus rattus-refescena Muridae 9. Common India Porcupine Hystrix indica Hystricidae 10. Common Indian hare Lepus nigricollis Leporidae
Source: Field Study/Secondary Sources and Public Consultation 113. The public consultation revealed the existence of Indian python Common
skink Rat snake Garden Lizard Indian cobra in the study area. The agriculture field in the study area provides an ideal habitat for these snakes and reptiles. The list of common reptiles found in the study area is shown in Table 4.15
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Table 4.15 : List of Reptiles in the Study Area S. No. Scientific Name English Name Family
1. Python molurus Indian python Pythonidae 2. Mabuya carinata Common skink Scincidae 3. Ptyas mucosus Rat snake Colubridae 4. Hemidactyhus flaviviridis House Lizard Gekkonidae 5. Calotes versicolor Garden Lizard Agamidae 6. Bungarus caeruleus Common India Krait Elapidae 7. Viper russelli Russel’s Viper Viperidae 8. Naja naja Indian cobra Elapidae
Source: Field Study/Secondary Sources and Public Consultation 114. No loss of any threatened, rare or endangered species is envisaged in
the project area.
4.2.2.2 Avifauna
115. The composition of bird communities is strongly related to the surrounding habitat. The study area is mostly dominated by Agriculture fields with some interspersed openings and shrubby vegetation. These habitat conditions evidently attract numerous bird species. A total number of 23 species of birds were encountered during the present survey. Dominant bird species observed during the survey are Jungle babbler, Common myna, Common crow, spotted dove, Koel, lesser caucal, Blossom headed parakeet, Brahmini myna, House sparrow etc. The list of bird species found in study area is given in Table 4.16.
Table 4.16 : List of Avifauna found in the Study Area S. No. Standard English Name Zoological Name Family
1. Gray Heron Ardea Cinerea Ardeidae 2. Paddy Bird Ardeola grayii Ardeidae 3. Cattle egret Bulbulcus ibis Ardeidae 4. White egret Egretta alba Ardeidae 5. Little Egret Egretta garzetta Ardeidae
6. Black parteidge Francolinus from Colinus Phasianidae 7. Gray partridge Francolinus pond-icerianus Phasianidae 8. Common or gray quail Cotuenix coturnix Phasianidae 9. Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus Charadridae 10. Yellow wattled lapwing Vanellus malabaricus Charadridae 11. Common green pigeon Treron Phoenicoptera Collumbidae 12. Blue rock pigeon Columba livia Collumbidae 13. Indian ring dove Streptopelia decaocto Collumbidae 14. Spotted dove Streptopelia chinensis Collumbidae 15. Large Indian Parakeet Psittacula eupatria Psittacidae 16. Rose ringed Parakeet Psittacula Krameri Psittacidae 17. Blossom headed parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala Psittacidae 18. Koel Eudynamys scolopaceae Cuculidae 19. Coucal Centropus sinensis Cuculidae 20. Pied king fisher Ceryle rudis Alcedinidae 21. Small Blue king fisher or
Common king fisher Alcedo atthis Alcedinidae
22. White breasted king fisher Halcyon smyrnensis Alcedinidae
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S. No. Standard English Name Zoological Name Family 23. Green bee eater Merops orientalis Meropidae 24. Indian roller blue jay Coracias benghalensis Coracidae 25. Indian pitta Pitta brachyuran Pittiade 26. Golden oriole Oriolus oriolus Orioladae 27. King crow; Black Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis Dicruidae 28. Large Racket tailed drango Dicrurus paradiseus Dicruidae 29. Pied myna Sturnus contra Sturnidae 30. Common myna Aeridotheres tristis Sturnidae 31. Jungle myna Aeridotheres Sturnidae 32. House crow Corvus splendens Corvidae 33. Jungle crow Corvus macrorhynchos Corvidae 34. Red whisked bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus Pycnontidae 35. Red vented bulbul Pyenonotus cafer Pycnontidae 36. Jungle babbler Turdoidesstriatus Muscicapidae
Timalinae 37. Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata Muscicapidae 38. Magpie Robin Copsychus-saularis Muscicapidae
Turdinae 39. Indian Robin Saxicola fulicatus Muscicapidae
Turdinae 40. Grey wagtail Motacilla cinerea Motacillidae 41. Yellow Wagtail Motacilla glava Motacillidae 42. Purple sun Bird Nectarinia asiatica Nectarinidae 43. House sparrow Passer-domesticus passerinae 44. Weaver bird Ploceus philippinus passerinae 45. Red Munia Estrilda amandava Estrildinae
Source: Field Study/Secondary Sources and Public Consultation
4.2.2.3 Roadside Plantation
116. The major species observed along the section are mango, teak, neem, jamun, palas, saja, seasam, mahua etc. It is observed that about 2094 trees exists within a formation width of 20 m. The Chainage-wise list of trees along the project road is given in Table 4.17.
Table 4.17 : Tree along Project Road (within 20 m width)
S. No. Chainage (km) Trees Total From To Left Right Bhind to Ater junction
1 0.0 1.0 30 48 78 2 1.0 2.0 17 22 39 3 2.0 3.0 75 45 120 4 3.0 4.0 60 10 70 5 4.0 5.0 87 25 112 6 5.0 6.0 125 12 137 7 6.0 7.0 70 15 85 8 7.0 8.0 10 0 10 9 8.0 9.0 12 8 20
10 9.0 10.0 35 10 45 11 10.0 11.0 15 7 22 12 11.0 12.0 18 14 32
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S. No. Chainage (km) Trees Total 13 12.0 13.0 22 12 34 14 13.0 14.0 5 8 13 15 14.0 15.0 38 10 48 16 15.0 16.0 15 11 26 17 16.0 17.0 6 9 15 18 17.0 18.0 8 12 20 19 18.0 19.0 29 10 39 20 19.0 20.0 14 5 19 21 20.0 21.0 7 8 15 22 21.0 22.0 15 0 15 23 22.0 23.0 12 4 16 24 23.0 24.0 19 7 26 25 24.0 25.0 25 8 33 26 25.0 26.0 20 0 20 27 26.0 27.0 10 10 20 28 27.0 28.0 0 0 0
Ater Junction to Porsa 1 83.0 82.0 14 9 23 2 82.0 81.0 12 7 19 3 81.0 80.0 8 0 8 4 80.0 79.0 4 14 18 5 79.0 78.0 0 10 10 6 78.0 77.0 12 15 27 7 77.0 76.0 10 25 35 8 76.0 75.0 28 35 63 9 75.0 74.0 9 6 15
10 74.0 73.0 14 20 34 11 73.0 72.0 12 23 35 12 72.0 71.0 10 0 10 13 71.0 70.0 0 8 8 14 70.0 69.0 6 11 17 15 69.0 68.0 8 18 26 16 68.0 67.0 12 41 53 17 67.0 66.0 6 35 41 18 66.0 65.0 18 6 24 19 65.0 64.0 7 1 8 20 64.0 63.0 9 5 14 21 63.0 62.0 0 8 8 22 62.0 61.0 5 30 35 23 61.0 60.0 8 15 23 24 60.0 59.0 16 31 47 25 59.0 58.0 13 18 31 26 58.0 57.0 9 20 29 27 57.0 56.0 11 21 32 28 56.0 55.0 15 30 45 29 55.0 54.0 12 2 14 30 54.0 53.0 8 37 45 31 53.0 52.0 7 46 53 32 52.0 51.0 11 38 49
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S. No. Chainage (km) Trees Total 33 51.0 50.0 15 21 36 34 50.0 49.0 12 18 30 35 49.0 48.0 0 0 0
Total 1140 954 2094 Source: DPR and Strip Mapping
4.2.3. Aquatic Ecology 117. Only two major fish species were observed viz. Rohu (Labeo rohita) and
Catla (Catla catla). There is no breeding or spawning ground of these species in any of the water bodies in the project area since the water availability and flow velocity is quite low and unfavourable for breeding. No migratory fishes are found in these rivers.
4.3. Socio-Economic Environment 4.3.1. Economic Progress
118. The economy of Madhya Pradesh is based on agriculture, forest products, industries, mineral resources, and cottage industry sectors. The gross domestic product of the state amounted to Rs. 304,720 million in 1990, in 1995 this figure amounted to Rs. 478,410 million, and in 2000 this figure was Rs. 737,150 million showing an increasing trend.
4.3.1.1 Agriculture
119. In 2004-05, the state has produced about 14.1 million tones of food grains (comprising Cereals 10.7million tonnes and 3.4million tonnes of pulses) and about 4.8 million tones of total Oilseed (Soyabean production is 3.75 million tones). The state has contributed 7.43% food grains, 8.7% cereals and 21.4% pulses to the national food storage. The contribution of national oil seed production was 22.1% in the 2003-04. Thus the state became highest producer of pulses and second oilseed producer in the country in 2003-04.
120. Economy of Bhind District: The economy of Bhind is mainly agriculture. Dairy is the main source of income of the farmers in the district. The crops cultivated in the Kharif season are soyabean, paddy, cotton, jowar, maize, bajra, pulses, seasum, and sunflower. During the Rabi season, the crops cultivated are wheat, gram, peas, lahat and toria.
121. Economy of Morena District: About 50 percent of the total geographical area is available for cultivation. About 58.74 percent of the cultivable area in the district is irrigated. Canal is the major source of irrigation which accounts for 42.94 percent of the total irrigated area. Wheat is the most important food grain grown in the district. Mustard is the most important oil seed grown in the district. Major kharif crop is Bazra.
4.3.1.2 Mineral Resources
122. Madhya Pradesh is rich in minerals. There are large reserves of coal and important deposits of iron ore, manganese ore, bauxite, limestone, dolomite, copper, fire clay & china clay. Diamond reserves at Panna are of particular interest. There are 24 cement factories in the state. The state is one of the largest producers of cement in the country. The reserves of
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dolomite (66 million tonnes), fuller’s earth (1.2 lakh million tonnes), clay (12030 million tonnes), lime stone, quartz etc. reported in project area.
4.3.1.3 Industries
123. The major industries of the state are electronics, telecommunications, petrochemicals, food processing and automobiles. The state has also taken a lead in the production of cement. The state is also famous for its traditional handicrafts and handlooms manufactured at Chanderi and Maheshwar. The major industrial unit in the state are- cement, Pig Iron, Steel Ingots, News Prints and Sugar mills. Few brick-kilns exist in the project road stretch.
4.3.2. Infrastructure Facilities 4.3.2.1 Water Supply
124. Madhya Pradesh ranks among top states in accessibility and availability of safe drinking water supply. Nearly 90% of the total population gets safe drinking water. Projects districts are also richly endowed by groundwater and surface water resources. Groundwater is primarily used for drinking and domestic purposes in the project influence area.
4.3.2.2 Transportation
125. Madhya Pradesh is poorly served with transport and communication facilities. State has about 21km of roads per 100 sq. km, as amongst an all India average of 62 km per sq. km. The road network is deficient both in the quantum network connectivity as well as in riding quality of the roads, mainly the state highways, district roads and village roads.
126. The main railroads that pass through the state were originally laid down to connect the ports of Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkota with their surrounding areas. Important railway junctions include Bhopal, Ratlam, Khandwa, Itarsi and Katni.
127. Major airports connecting the states with other parts of the country are at Bhopal, Gwalior, Indore, Jabalpur, Rewa and Khajuraho, as well as several national highways.
4.3.2.3 Power Sources and Availability
128. The state is well endowed with potential hydroelectric power. Main hydroelectric projects (jointly developed with other states) are the Babanthadi with Maharashtra, the Ban Sagar with Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, the Chambal Valley with Rajasthan, Narmada Sagar with Gujrat and Rajasthan, and Rajghat and Urmil with Uttar Pradesh. The Hasdeo Bango, Bargi, and Birsinghpur thermal power projects are also within the state.
129. Installed power capacity of Madhya Pradesh is 6305 MW, of which 2990 MW is produced from state’s own projects, 1599 MW from joint-venture projects and 1716 MW from the central sector allocation. Per capita electricity consumption in the state is 270 Kwh. About 97.43% villages in the state have been electrified. Social and Cultural Resources
4.4. Social and Cultural Resources
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4.4.1. Population and Communities 130. Madhya Pradesh is a landlocked state in the central part of the country
with a population of 60.3 million with more than 74% of the population living in the rural areas. The population density of the .state is 196 persons/km2 in comparison to 325 persons/km2 of India. Sex ratio of the state is 920 against the 933 in the country. According to the census 2001, the state of Madhya Pradesh and India has following facts on Population (Table 4.18).
Table 4.18 : Demographic Profile of the State and the country S. No. Feature Madhya Pradesh India 1 Geographical Area (sq. km) 308824 3287240 2 Total Population 60385118 1028737436 3 Male population 31456873 532223090 4 Female population 28928245 496514346 5 Rural Population 44282528 742490639 6 Urban Population 16102590 286119689 7 Density 196 325 8 Sex ratio (female/1000 male) 920 933 9 Literacy (%) 64.08 64.8
Source: Census Data, Census of India, 2001
131. The project road is passing through two districts of Madhya Pradesh covering 18 villages. These villages are listed in Table 4.19.
Table 4.19 : List of villages in the project road Name of Town/Village Start End
Bhind - Ater Road Bhind 1/000 3/200
Gadhupura 5/500 6/000 Para 10/100 11/500
Mevaramapura 13/750 13/950 Pratappura 19/500 20/000
Ater 27/320 27/450 Ater Junction- Porsa Road
Navali 78/800 78/550 Chaumo 75/850 75/350 Gader 73/600 73/500
Marolikali 72/700 71/900 Kanera 69/300 69/000
Udotgadh 66/400 65/700 Rospara 63/400 63/200 Dhaka 62/900 62/300 Dondri 59/400 59/100
Nivajkapara 56/000 55/800 Rajaudha 54/900 54/500
Aarethi 53/600 52/200 Porsa 49/100 48/000
Source: DPR
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132. The total number of households in the project district is 34547 whereas the total population is 224321. Out of these, the majority (about 81%) is general. The SC/ST population accounts for about 19 % of the total population as shown in Figure 4.6. The figure also reveals that the gender ratio among SC/ST population is almost the same.
010002000300040005000600070008000
SC ST
Popu
latio
ns (N
os)
M F
Source: Census of India, 2001
Figure 4.6 : Demographic Status of the Project Section 4.4.2. Literacy
133. The overall literacy rate of Madhya Pradesh is 64.08%, which is almost equivalent to the countries literacy rate (64.8%). The project road passing through two districts of Madhya Pradesh covering 18 villages have total literacy rate of 65.05%. The population of literate male (60.44%) is comparatively high than female literate (58.16%) as shown in Figure 4.7.
Figure 4.7 : Literacy rate along the project section 4.4.3. Occupational Status
134. In the villages of the project road 26.99% of the total population comprise the workforce of the project area 83.67% comprise the male working class population. Marginal population of villages of the project road is 5.18% with 52.4% represented by female population. Maximum percentage of the workers is in the agriculture sector as cultivators or agricultural labourers as shown in Figure 4.8
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22%
5%
73%
MAIN WORKER
MARG WORKER
NON WORKER
20%
3%
73%
4%MAIN_CL_P
MAIN_AL_P
MAIN_HH_P
MAIN_OT_P
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
MAIN CL MAIN AL MAIN HH MAIN OT
popu
latio
ns (N
os)
M F
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
MARG CL MARG AL MARG HH MARG OTPo
pula
tion
(Nos
)
M F
Figure 4.8 : Occupational status along the Alignment 4.4.4. Current use of lands and resources for traditional purposes by
Indigenous Peoples 135. Tribal population in the project area is very low (0.28% in the project
area). Those living, are in the mainstream of the society and do not depend on forest and its resources for any purpose.
4.4.5. Structures or sites of historical, archaeological, paleontological, or architectural significance
136. There is no such site of significance either impacted or in the close vicinity of the project area.
4.4.5.1 Areas of Eco-Sensitivity/Protected Area/Restricted Area legislative and others
137. The project road is passing through reserve forest region for a stretch of about 1.8 km.
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5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS
MITIGATION MEASURES 138. Environmental impacts have been assessed considering present
environmental setting of the project area, nature, and extent of the proposed activities. Suitable approach and qualitative and quantitative techniques were used to ascertain likely direct and indirect impacts during design, construction and operation stages of the project. Impacts are classified as being insignificant, minor, moderate and major. The mitigation measures have been presented along with the impacts. .
139. During the field study, a number of informal consultations were held with people in the locality including those presently living along the various stretches of the sub project corridor. Some NGOs working in the areas were also contacted. Discussions were held with various concerned Government authorities like with Forests Departments, pollution control boards, State environmental impact assessment authority. Outcome of these consultations is referred for environmental impact assessment and designing of mitigative measures.
5.1. Impact on Physical Environment 5.1.1. Climate
140. Project will have no impact on climate of the area. The subproject may have minor impact on weather conditions of the area due to cutting of the 254 trees.
Design and Construction Phase
141. All efforts are made to minimise the cutting of trees. Supervision consultants will further ensure minimal cutting of the trees during the construction stage. The compensatory afforestation shall be made on the basis 1:7. The plantations shall begin with start of construction. The survival of plantation will be ensured, even if they are planted through concerned forest department. Tree of native variety only will be planted. In addition to above plantation, additional trees shall be planted through village panchayats to improve microclimatic conditions of the area.
Mitigation Measures
142. The sub-project road is located in vast open agricultural land which will provide adequate dispersion of gaseous emission from vehicle. Further, extensive plantation will ameliorate/enhance the micro-climate. It also has associated benefits with respect to Green House Gas (GHG) emission reduction. The GHG emission reduction is anticipated due to improved road conditions and better connectivity. The GHG reduction is anticipated due to reduced idling of vehicle.
Operation Stage
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143. It is proposed that MPRDC may initiate study to assess the GHG emission reduction and reap the economic benefits from road improvement projects including higher tree plantation.
Mitigation Measures
5.1.2. Natural Hazard 144. Earthquake: The sub project roads lies in seismic zone II/III as per
classification by Bureau of Indian Standards. This means lower to medium seismic intensity.
145. All sub-project structures shall be designed with consideration of above seismicity.
Mitigation Measures
5.1.3. Air Quality
146. The potential sources of air emission during the construction phase of the project are: (i) dust from earth works (during site preparation), (ii) emissions from the operation of construction equipment and machines, (iii) fugitive emissions from vehicles plying on the road, (iv) fugitive emissions during the transport of construction materials, (v) air emissions other than dust arise from combustion of hydrocarbons particularly from the hot mix plants, and (vi) localised increased traffic congestion in construction areas. Most of the emissions will be in the form of coarse particulate matter which will settle down in close vicinity of construction site. Hot mix plant will generate carbon monoxide (CO), un-burnt hydrocarbon (HC), sulphur dioxide (SO2), particulate matters (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. This may affect the air quality of nearby areas, especially, due to emission discharge from low height of the stack. However, this will be a temporary phase and hence, no significant impact is envisaged.
Design and Construction Phase
147. The stone aggregate will be sourced from licensed quarries. No new quarries shall be open for the project. The pollution related aspects to these quarries are independently complied by the quarry owner.
148. Road pavement design should be such that tyre friction due to vehicle movement will be reduced. Vehicles delivering loose and fine materials like sand and aggregates shall be covered. Dust suppression measures like water sprinkling, water fogging shall be applied in all dust prone locations such as unpaved haulage roads
Mitigation Measures
6
149. Mixing plants and asphalt (hot mix) plants shall be located at least 1 km away and in downwind direction of the human settlements. Material storage areas shall also be located downwind of the habitation area. Contractor shall obtain consent to establish and operate from concerned
, earthworks, stockpiles and asphalt mixing plant areas. PPE shall be provided to the construction workers to minimise inhalation of respirable suspended particulate matter.
6 Water suppression of fugitive dust can reduce emissions from 12% to 98%
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State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) before its use for the project road. Hot mix plant shall be fitted with stack of adequate height (30 m) or as may be prescribed by SPCB to ensure enough dispersion of exit gases. Diesel Generating (DG) sets shall also be fitted with stack of adequate height. Low sulphur diesel shall be used in DG sets and other construction machineries. Construction vehicles and machineries shall be periodically maintained. The possibility of using LPG as fuel source in construction camps instead of wood will be explored.
150. Air quality monitoring shall be carried out during construction phase. Suitable pollution control measures shall be adopted if monitored parameters are found above the prescribed limit.
151. The aggregate will be transported in the covered quarries through existing national and state highways.
152. The bad road conditions, the idling of vehicles are the main causes of the air and noise pollution at present. The improved road conditions will result in the improved ambient air quality. Since traffic is projected to increase with improved roads and better connectivity, the impact will remain more or less same. Since subproject is largely traverse through vast open agriculture areas, which provides adequate dispersion to gaseous pollutants generated from vehicles.
Operation Phase
153. It is proposed to maintain the road conditions including shoulders and embankment turfing. Thick trees shall be planted close to sensitive locations such as hospital, school boundaries and near religious places.
Mitigation Measures
154. Caution sign for speed regulation and lane driving shall be fixed near habitat areas. Educative awareness boards for safe and fuel efficient driving shall be fixed at selective locations.
5.1.4. Noise
155. Ambient noise level may increase temporarily in the close vicinity of various construction activities, maintenance workshops and vehicles and earthmoving equipment. These construction activities are expected to produce noise levels in the range of 80 – 95 dB(A) (at a distance of about 5 m from the source). Although this level of noise is higher the permissible limit for ambient noise level for residential/commercial levels but will occur only intermittently and temporary. This noise level will attenuate fast with increase in distance from noise source. Impact due to noise during construction activities will be minimal to inhabitants since most of the built-up areas are located at safer distance from the road. However, there are few noise sensitive locations especially schools close to the alignment (
Design and Construction Phase
Table 5.1)
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Table 5.1 : Noise- Sensitive Locations along the Alignment
S. No.
Chainage (km) Village Districts Feature Side
Offset from the edge of the
road (m) 1 0.290 Bhind Bhind Temple Right 7.5 2 1.634 Bhind Bhind Temple Right 7.0 3 3.450 Gadhupura Bhind Temple Left 8.8 4 10.950 Para Bhind Temple Left 5.4 5 10.990 Para Bhind Temple Left 6.6
6 26.000-27.800 Ater Bhind Reserve and
Protected Forest Both 1.8
7 48.450 Porsa Bhind Temple Left 6.0 8 50.350 Porsa Bhind Temple Left 9.8 9 54.230 Rajaudha Bhind Temple Left 5.3
10 58.430 Nivajkapara Bhind Temple Left 3.3 11 62.230 Dhaka Bhind Temple Left 7.5 12 78.150 Navali Morena School Right 9.9
Source: DPR
156. Vehicles and equipments should be fitted with silencers and maintained well. The workers shall be provided with personal protection devices such as earplugs and earmuffs. Tree plantation shall be started along with the construction activities. Noise and vibration monitoring shall be carried out as per the suggested monitoring plan. The construction equipments/machinery (stationary) shall be placed away from habitat areas.
Mitigation Measures
157. During the operational phase, movement of traffic will be the prime source of noise. Traffic congestion and pedestrian interferences increase the use of horns. This may result in increase noise levels at commercial areas, nearby schools and religious places.
Operation Phase
158. Effective traffic management and good riding conditions shall be maintained to reduce the noise level throughout the stretch and speed limitation and honking restrictions may be enforced near sensitive locations especially at Bhind (0.00), Ater (27.32), Porsa (49.1). Multilayer trees shall be planted close to the sensitive locations.
Mitigation Measures
5.1.5. Impact on Land and Soil 5.1.5.1 Loss of Productive Soil and Change in Land use
159. No land use will change due to the project since required ROW is available throughout the alignment. Land use though will change temporarily of construction camp areas and for the period of construction. This will also result in loss of soil productivity.
Design and Construction Phase
160. Land use may also change due to borrowing the earth. Land will also loose its productivity if top soil is not preserved.
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161. It shall be ensured that the land taken on lease for access road and construction camp is restored back to its original land use before handing it over back to land owner.
Mitigation Measures.
162. The top soil from the productive land (borrow areas, road widening areas etc.) shall be preserved and reused for plantation purposes. It shall also be used as top cover of embankment slope for growing vegetation to protect soil erosion.
163. The better access can lead to conversion of agriculture land for residential and commercial purposes close to roads and especially in rural and urban area. This may result in loss of productive land and agricultural produce.
Operation Phase
164. The EA may explore the feasibility of restricting about 50 m area either side of the road as no development zone on the line restriction are imposed for National Highways in India.
Mitigation Measures
5.1.5.2 Soil Erosion
165. Soil erosion may take place along steep and uncompacted embankment slope, and wherever vegetation is cleared. Soil erosion may have cumulative effect viz. siltation, embankment damage, drainage problem etc. Loss of soil due to run off from earth stock-piles may also lead to siltation. The intensity of soil erosion at different locations will be influenced by the lithology, topography, soil type and climatic condition (mainly rainfall) and drainage pattern.
Design and Construction Phase
166. Bank protection measures shall be taken at erosion prone areas. The protection measures may include use of geo-textiles matting. Provision of side drain shall be made to guide the water to natural outfalls. Stone pitching shall be carried out wherever necessary. When soil is spread on slopes for permanent disposal, it shall be buttressed at the toe by retaining walls. Side slopes of the embankment shall not be steeper than 2H:1V. Turfing/bio-turfing of embankment and slopes shall be done along the stretch. IRC: 56 -1974 recommended practice for treatment of embankment slopes for erosion control shall be taken into consideration. Soil erosion shall be visually checked on slopes and high embankment areas. In case soil erosion is found, suitable measures shall be taken to control the soil erosion.
Mitigation Measures
167. Though terrain is flat all through the stretch, except at few locations where it is rolling terrain. Therefore, all steep cuts shall be flattened and benched. Retaining wall on both sides shall be provided. Shrubs shall be planted in loose soil area.
Operation Phase
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168. Soil of steep slopes of embankment and near bridge approaches may erode the embankment formation due to unexpected rainfall. Soil erosion condition may arise if borrow areas are not stabilized/restored properly. Regular monitoring for effectiveness of soil erosion measures (turfing, stone pitching, etc.) shall form part of the environmental monitoring during project operation). Suitable strengthening measures shall be taken to prevent reoccurrence of soil erosion at existing erosion prone locations and prevent them at newer locations.
5.1.5.3 Borrow Areas and Quarries
169. The project area is generally having a flat terrain with some portion under rolling terrain, particularly between Bhind-Ater section. Farmers were ready to provide earth from their field up to certain depth on adequate compensation, based on agreements between them and the respective contractor.
Design and Construction Phase
170. Borrow areas if left un-rehabilitated may pose risk to people, particularly children and animals of accidentally falling into it as well as become potential breeding ground for mosquitoes and vector born disease.
171. Illegal quarrying may lead to unstable soil condition; destroy the landscape of the terrain, air and noise pollution. Opening of new quarries is not envisaged due to the proposed project. Quarry material will be sourced from existing nearby quarries.
172. Borrow pits shall be selected from barren land/wasteland to the extent possible. Borrow areas should not be located on cultivable lands except in the situations where land owners desires to level the land. The top soil shall be preserved and depth shall be restricted to the desired level. Borrow areas should be excavated as per the intended end use by the owner. The Indian Road Congress (IRC):10-1961 guideline should be used for selection of borrow pits and amount that can be borrowed
Mitigation Measures
173. The depths in borrow pits should be so regulated that the sides are not be steeper than 25%. To the extent possible, borrow areas shall be sited away from habited areas. Borrow areas shall be levelled with salvaged material or other filling materials which do not pose contamination of soil. Else, it shall be converted into intended use as per the requirement of land owner/community. The borrow area shall be located/ rehabilitated as per the guidelines given at Appendix 5.1
5.1.5.4 Compaction and Contamination of Soil
174. Soil in the adjoining productive lands beyond the ROW, haulage roads, and construction camp area may be compacted due to movement of construction vehicles, machineries, equipments and due to siting of construction camps and workshops.
Design and Construction Phase
175. Soil may get contaminated due to inappropriate disposal of liquid waste, (lubricating oil and fuel spills, waste oil and lubricant and
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vehicle/equipment washing effluent) and solid waste (fuel filters, oily rags) likely to be generated from repair and maintenance of transport vehicles, construction equipment and machinery. Soil may get contaminated due to inappropriate disposal of domestic solid waste and sewage from construction camps.
176. To prevent soil compaction in the adjoining productive lands beyond the ROW, the movement of construction vehicles, machinery and equipment shall be restricted to the designated haulage route. The productive land shall be reclaimed after construction activity. Septic tank or mobile toilets fitted with anaerobic treatment facility shall be provided at construction camp. Domestic solid waste at construction camp shall be segregated into bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste. The non-biodegradable and recyclable waste shall be sold off. Efforts shall be made that bio-degradable waste shall be composted in the mechanised and movable composter by the contractor. Non biodegradable and non saleable waste shall be disposed off to authorised land fill site. If land fill site not available then burial of the waste in a secured manner shall be ensured.
Mitigation Measures
177. Fuel and lubricants shall be stored at the predefined storage location. The storage area shall be paved with gentle slope to a corner and connected with a chamber to collect any spills of the oils. All efforts shall be made to minimise the waste generation. Unavoidable waste shall be stored at the designated place prior to disposal. To avoid soil contamination at the wash-down and re-fuelling areas, “oil interceptors” shall be provided. Oil and grease spill and oil soaked materials are to be collected and stored in labelled containers (Labelled: WASTE OIL; and hazardous sign be displayed) and sold off to SPCB/ MoEF authorized re-refiners.
178. No impact on soil is anticipated during operation phase of the project except along slope lying areas and near bridge approaches where unexpected rainfall may erode the embankment formation and deterioration of borrow areas if not rehabilitated properly.
Operation Stage
179. Erosion prone areas shall be visually checked periodically for any erosion and appropriate corrective action shall be taken if any erosion is identified. Regular monitoring of side drains and cross drainage structures to check blockade situation.
Mitigation measures
5.1.6. Groundwater
180. Water will be mainly required for compaction of formation and domestic purposes in the workers camp. These requirements will be mainly sourced from groundwater (approximately 300 KL per day). Also, the depth to water table in some part is depleting annually. Any uncontrolled abstraction can further deteriorate the situation. Contamination of groundwater is not envisaged since all construction camps will have
Design and Construction Stage
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septic tanks or mobile toilets depending on the number of workers in each camp.
181. The contractor shall make arrangements for water required during construction in such a way that the water availability and supply to nearby communities remains unaffected depending on site specific conditions.
Mitigation Measures
182. Water intensive activities shall not be undertaken during summer period to the extent feasible.
183. Provision shall be made to link side drains with the nearby ponds for facilitating water harvesting. Where ponds are not available, the water harvesting pits shall be constructed as per the requirement and rainfall intensity.
184. No impact is anticipated on groundwater due to the project during operation phase, hence, no specific mitigation is proposed.
Operation Stage
5.1.7. Siltation and Surface Water Quality of Rivers and Other Water Bodies
185. The water bodies are not impacted due to the project, no specific mitigative measures are proposed. However, as enhancement measures, the borrow areas can be converted into water harvesting ponds in consultation with the local people.
Design and Construction Stage
186. Since most of the major water bodies are seasonal in nature, siltation impact due to bridge rehabilitation works will be negligible, if construction debris/other waste are cleared immediately after construction. The temporary pollution of water bodies from spillage of chemicals and oil at construction sites and waste from construction camps may occur. Soil erosion has direct bearing on siltation. The siltation likely to be caused due to bank erosion has already been addressed above in soil erosion section.
187. Accidental oil and chemicals spills can contaminate the water.
188. Siltation Issues: Required mitigation as suggested in soil erosion section shall be taken into consideration. Bridge rehabilitation activity is recommended during non-monsoon (mid-September to mid-June) period. Silt fencing and/or brush barrier shall be installed for collecting sediments before letting them into the water body. Silt/sediment should be collected and stockpiled for possible reuse as surfacing of slopes where they have to be re-vegetated. Chute drains shall be provided to drain surface runoff and prevent erosion from slopes.
Mitigation Measure
189. Fuel and Lubricant Spillage Issue: All equipment operators, drivers, and warehouse personnel will be trained in immediate response for spill containment and eventual cleanup. No vehicles or equipment should be parked or refuelled near water-bodies, so as to avoid contamination from fuel and lubricants. All chemicals and oil shall be stored away from water
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and concreted platform with catchment pit for spills collection. The emergency response procedures including reporting, preferably written in the local language and simple to understand shall be provided by the contractors. The slopes of embankments leading to water bodies should be modified and re-channelised to prevent entry of contaminants. Large construction camps shall be avoided along the alignment and located away from habitation and water bodies.
190. Waste Disposal Issues: All wastes arising from the construction should be disposed in an environmentally accepted manner so as not to block the flow of water in the channels. The wastes should be collected, stored and transported to the approved disposal sites. Construction labourers shall be preferable from local population. Sewage from labour camps will be treated through septic tanks. No untreated sanitary wastewater shall be discharged into surface water bodies.
191. No major or long-term impact is anticipated during the operation phase on the surface water bodies due to the project implementation activities. Oil-contaminated runoff from the road during monsoon will have minimal impacts considering their low concentration. However, regular visual checks shall be made to observe any incidence of blockade of drains. Regular checks shall be made for soil erosion and turfing conditions of river training structures for its effective maintenance.
Operation Stage
5.1.8. Hydrology and Drainage
192. The activities involved with proposed road development will be carried out along with existing alignment. No new bridge is proposed to be constructed. Existing bridges/cross drainage structures are only to be improved. Diversion of water channels during rehabilitation of cross drainage structures is not envisaged.
Design and Construction Stage
193. Elaborate drainage system shall be provided to drain the storm water from the roadway and embankment and to ensure minimum disturbance to natural drainage of surface and subsurface water of the area. The design of drainage system such as surface and sub-surface drainage shall be carried out as per IRC: SP: 42 and IRC: SP: 50. Surface runoff from the main highway, embankment slopes and the service roads shall be discharged through longitudinal drains, designed for adequate cross section, bed slopes, invert levels and the outfalls. If necessary, the walls of the drains shall be designed to retain the adjoining earth. IRC: 34-1970: Recommendations for road construction in waterlogged area and IRC: 75 and MOSRTH guidelines for Design of High Embankments shall be referred.
Mitigation Measures
194. Provision of additional cross drainage structure shall be made in the areas where nearby land is sloping towards road alignment in both sides.
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Plate 1: Ch. 5.5 (Near Para village)
Plate 2: Ch. 11.2 (Near Para village)
195. Water accumulation incidence may occur due to inadequate availability of cross drainage structure or clogging of cross drainage structures.
Operation Stage
196. Regular removal/cleaning of deposited silt shall be done from drainage channels and outlet points before the monsoon season. Rejuvenation of the drainage system by removing encroachments/ congestions will be regularly conducted.
Mitigation Measures
5.2. Impact on Biological Environment 5.2.1. Terrestrial Ecology
197. Existence of Reserve and Protected forest area.
198. Also, to minimise the impact, out of 2094 about 268 trees are likely to be cut due to the proposed road improvement work. The impact and mitigation due to tree cutting has been discussed in following paragraphs.
199. One month before the construction starts, clearing and grubbing will be performed by the contractor. All trees within the ROW with 300 mm diameter at 1 m above the ground will be cut, including the removal of stumps. All stumps and roots of trees of girth more than 33 mm at above 1 m from the ground level will be culled.
Design and Construction Stage
200. There are altogether 268 trees likely to be affected due to the project. Most of the roadside trees are non-fruit bearing in nature. The list of trees that will be cut is given in Table 5.2. The cutting of trees will have minor to negligible impact on local environment. Moreover, this will be temporary since large number of trees have been planned to be planted on both sides of the road which will improve the local climatic conditions in long term.
Table 5.2 List of Trees to be Cut
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S. No. Proposed Chainage (km) Side Offset from
Centreline (m) Bhind to Ater Jn. (km 1.000 to km 24.000)
1 12.080 Left 4.5 2 12.390 Left 4.0 3 12.410 Left 4.5 4 12.420 Left 4.5 5 12.450 Left 5.0 6 13.300 Right 3.9 7 13.230 Right 4.5 8 13.330 Right 4.0 9 13.340 Right 4.5 10 13.400 Right 5.5 11 13.550 Right 5.0 12 13.700 Left 4.0 13 13.700 Left 4.0 14 14.190 Right 4.5 15 14.260 Left 4.0 16 14.300 Left 5.5 17 14.440 Left 5.0 18 14.550 Right 3.6 19 14.700 Right 5.0 20 15.240 Left 5.5 21 15.360 Right 4.5 22 15.380 Right 5.0 23 15.390 Left 3.5 24 15.450 Left 3.5 25 15.620 Left 5.0 26 15.630 Left 5.0 27 15.730 Left 6.0 28 15.750 Right 2.2 29 16.290 Right 3.5 30 16.300 Right 5.5 31 16.380 Right 4.0 32 17.200 Left 3.8 33 17.200 Right 4.5 34 17.230 Right 4.0 35 17.340 Left 4.0 36 17.570 Left 4.5 37 17.570 Right 3.8 38 17.600 Right 3.5 39 18.500 Left 7.0
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S. No. Proposed Chainage (km) Side Offset from
Centreline (m) 40 19.650 Right 2.5 41 19.680 Left 4.0 42 19.690 Left 4.0 43 19.700 Left 4.5 44 19.790 Left 7.0 45 19.800 Left 6.5 46 19.800 Left 6.0 47 19.810 Left 4.0 48 19.840 Left 6.0 49 20.190 Left 4.5 50 20.210 Left 3.8 51 20.210 Right 5.5 52 20.230 Left 2.5 53 20.280 Right 5.0 54 20.330 Left 5.2 55 20.450 Right 5.0 56 20.670 Right 4.5 57 20.700 Left 5.5 58 21.120 Left 6.4 59 21.340 Right 4.9 60 22.830 Left 7.0 61 23.900 Left 5.0 62 23.910 Right 6.0 63 23.970 Left 5.8 64 23.950 Right 6.5
Ater Jn. To Porsa (km 24.000 to km 57.479) 65 24.150 Right 4.0 66 24.240 Right 5.5 67 24.250 Right 6.0 68 25.720 Right 4.2 69 26.400 Left 6.5 70 26.420 Right 7.0 71 26.520 Right 5.2 72 26.550 Right 5.0 73 26.550 Left 5.5 74 26.700 Right 5.0 75 26.710 Right 4.5 76 26.850 Left 6.0 77 27.020 Left 6.5 78 27.300 Right 5.0
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S. No. Proposed Chainage (km) Side Offset from
Centreline (m) 79 27.450 Right 5.4 80 27.730 Right 5.0 81 27.760 Right 5.5 82 27.790 Right 6.8 83 28.010 Left 5.5 84 28.100 Left 6.5 85 28.100 Left 6.5 86 28.270 Left 6.0 87 28.300 Right 5.5 88 28.300 Right 4.5 89 28.300 Right 6.5 90 28.380 Right 6.0 91 28.390 Right 6.5 92 28.500 Left 7.0 93 28.560 Right 6.0 94 28.680 Left 5.0 95 29.060 Left 4.5 96 31.250 Right 6.5 97 31.360 Right 5.5 98 31.380 Left 7.0 99 31.590 Right 4.5 100 31.620 Left 5.5 101 31.780 Left 5.0 102 31.780 Right 4.5 103 32.400 Left 3.5 104 32.600 Left 6.0 105 32.900 Right 4.5 106 33.030 Left 6.5 107 33.400 Left 5.0 108 33.840 Right 6.0 109 33.850 Left 6.5 110 33.980 Left 7.0 111 34.050 Left 6.0 112 34.050 Left 6.0 113 34.440 Right 4.0 114 34.450 Right 4.5 115 34.480 Right 5.5 116 34.490 Right 5.0 117 34.490 Left 6.0 118 34.510 Left 4.0
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S. No. Proposed Chainage (km) Side Offset from
Centreline (m) 119 34.530 Left 5.5 120 34.600 Left 3.5 121 34.690 Left 6.0 122 34.780 Right 5.0 123 34.840 Right 5.5 124 34.860 Right 5.5 125 34.880 Right 5.0 126 34.890 Right 6.5 127 34.900 Left 5.0 128 34.920 Left 6.0 129 34.920 Left 5.5 130 34.950 Left 7.0 131 34.960 Left 5.5 132 34.970 Left 6.0 133 35.020 Right 5.5 134 35.020 Right 5.0 135 35.030 Right 6.0 136 35.020 Left 6.0 137 35.070 Left 7.0 138 35.080 Left 5.5 139 35.180 Right 6.0 140 35.840 Right 5.5 141 35.900 Left 6.0 142 35.900 Left 7.0 143 35.920 Right 6.0 144 35.940 Right 7.5 145 35.960 Right 5.5 146 35.990 Right 6.0 147 36.050 Right 6.2 148 36.140 Left 6.0 149 36.160 Left 5.0 150 36.250 Right 5.5 151 36.290 Right 6.0 152 36.450 Right 4.5 153 36.580 Left 5.0 154 36.800 Left 4.0 155 37.000 Right 3.5 156 37.130 Left 5.0 157 36.900 Right 6.0 158 37.600 Left 6.5
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S. No. Proposed Chainage (km) Side Offset from
Centreline (m) 159 37.600 Right 4.5 160 37.650 Left 8.0 161 37.660 Right 4.0 162 37.690 Right 5.0 163 37.710 Left 6.0 164 37.740 Left 4.5 165 37.750 Left 4.5 166 37.760 Left 6.5 167 37.760 Right 5.0 168 37.800 Left 6.0 169 37.850 Left 4.5 170 37.900 Left 5.0 171 37.900 Left 5.0 172 38.600 Right 6.0 173 38.650 Left 4.5 174 40.790 Left 5.0 175 40.850 Right 7.0 176 40.950 Left 6.0 177 40.980 Left 6.0 178 41.080 Left 4.5 179 41.150 Left 4.5 180 41.150 Left 5.0 181 41.240 Left 7.5 182 41.250 Left 6.0 183 41.450 Right 4.5 184 42.790 Right 4.0 185 43.520 Left 3.5 186 43.540 Left 5.5 187 43.600 Right 5.0 188 43.700 Right 4.0 189 43.700 Right 6.0 190 43.700 Left 5.0 191 43.720 Right 6.5 192 43.740 Right 3.5 193 43.750 Left 6.0 194 44.160 Left 4.5 195 44.280 Right 5.0 196 44.470 Right 6.0 197 44.480 Right 5.5 198 44.560 Left 5.0
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S. No. Proposed Chainage (km) Side Offset from
Centreline (m) 199 44.570 Left 5.0 200 44.620 Right 5.0 201 45.300 Right 3.5 202 47.020 Right 5.0 203 47.180 Right 4.5 204 47.520 Left 5.0 205 47.530 Left 4.5 206 47.530 Right 3.5 207 47.550 Right 4.5 208 47.560 Right 4.5 209 47.600 Right 5.0 210 47.640 Right 5.0 211 47.640 Right 6.0 212 47.670 Left 5.5 213 47.830 Right 4.5 214 47.850 Right 5.0 215 47.970 Left 3.5 216 48.060 Right 5.0 217 48.080 Right 5.0 218 48.100 Left 4.5 219 48.100 Right 3.5 220 48.460 Left 6.0 221 48.620 Left 5.0 222 48.790 Left 6.5 223 49.030 Left 3.5 224 49.060 Left 4.0 225 49.400 Right 5.0 226 49.680 Left 6.5 227 49.700 Left 5.0 228 49.720 Right 5.5 229 49.940 Left 4.0 230 50.740 Right 6.0 231 50.920 Right 4.5 232 50.990 Right 7.0 233 51.020 Left 5.0 234 51.030 Left 4.5 235 51.700 Left 5.5 236 51.940 Right 5.0 237 51.970 Right 6.0 238 52.080 Right 5.0
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S. No. Proposed Chainage (km) Side Offset from
Centreline (m) 239 52.130 Right 6.0 240 52.140 Right 5.5 241 52.190 Left 6.0 242 52.280 Left 7.0 243 52.290 Left 5.5 244 52.300 Left 6.5 245 52.410 Left 5.0 246 52.450 Left 5.5 247 52.700 Left 3.5 248 52.740 Left 6.0 249 53.720 Left 5.5 250 54.340 Left 6.5 251 54.460 Right 4.5 252 54.520 Left 4.0 253 54.560 Right 6.5 254 54.670 Left 5.5 255 55.450 Left 6.0 256 56.420 Right 4.5 257 56.430 Right 5.0 258 56.520 Left 4.5 259 56.590 Right 5.5 260 56.600 Right 5.5 261 56.620 Right 5.5 262 56.630 Left 6.0 263 56.640 Left 6.0 264 56.850 Left 5.5 265 56.860 Left 6.0 266 56.970 Left 5.0 267 56.970 Right 3.5 268 57.520 Right 5.5
Source: DPR and Strip Mapping
201. The reserve and protected forest area exist beyond ROW of project road but widening /construction of road will not affect forest area. The formation width is restricted in forest areas to avoid forest land diversion as well as to preserve the trees Requisite permission from forest department shall be obtained for cutting of roadside trees.
Mitigation Measures
202. The project envisages plantation of approximately 1876 trees along both sides of road as per IRC SP: 21 specifications. This will include the compensatory plantation on 1:7 basis replacement rate. Besides, additional plantation shall be done on river banks near bridge sites to
65
enhance the aesthetics and check soil erosion. All tree plantations will be carried out in close consultation with forest department.
203. A range of 10-15 m centre-to-centre is recommended for spacing of trees (parallel to the road). Setback distance of trees in different situations shall be based on IRC: SP: 21 and IRC: 66. The distance between the kerb, if any, and the nearest edge of tree trunk shall be at least 2 m. The plantation in median shall comprise shrubs whose height would normally not exceed 1-1.5 m and shall be as per IRC SP: 21.
204. For safe traffic operation, vertical clearance between the crown of the carriageway and lowest part of overhang of the tree available across the roadway shall conform to the standards laid down in IRC: SP: 21. The pit size, fencing, watering, and manuring requirements shall also conform to the above standard. Excess use of pesticides shall be restricted. Planting shall be such that it does not obstruct the visibility of traffic from any side and shall be pleasing in appearance.
205. Positive impacts on terrestrial ecology are expected during the project operation due to the increase in vegetation and landscaping along the state highway. The project will coordinate with the local communities to maintain and enhance the trees planted along the state road. ”No adverse impact is anticipated during operation stage except accidental damages or absence of proper tree management“.
Operation Stage
206. No direct impact is anticipated during operation stage except accidental damages or absence of proper tree management.
207. Arrangement shall be made to ensure survivability of the tree plantation. The Social Forest Department or Divisional Forest Offices shall be consulted or involved in this programme. The tree survivability audit shall also be conducted at least once in a year to assess the effectiveness of the programme.
Mitigation Measures
5.2.2. Aquatic Ecology
208. Large scale/organised fishing was not observed in the rivers/water bodies of the project area.
Design and Construction Stage
209. No impact is envisaged during construction phase of the project and hence no mitigation proposed.
Mitigation Measures
210. No impact is envisaged during operation phase of the project and hence no mitigation proposed. However, periodic surveillance shall be conducted to check erosion and siltation in major water bodies.
Operation Stage
5.2.3. Fauna Design and Construction Stage
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211. Movement of Foxes, Hare and macaque was found in the study area.
212. Disturbance to these animals will be avoided to the extent possible by restricting the construction time from 6 am – 6 pm. No food and waste littering will be ensured to disturb their natural habitat.
Mitigation measures
213. All precautions will be taken to minimise noise and other human activity in these areas.
214. The public consultation revealed the existence of Foxes, Hare, and macaque in the study area.
Operation Stage
215. A box culvert of 2.5 m height will be provided especially near forest areas for safe passage of animals
Mitigation measures
216. Proper sigh board should be there to indicate the presence of wild animals in the study area
217. Signboards indicating the speed limit should be displayed
5.3. Management of Construction Debris/Waste 218. Quarry dust and unused iron bars or damaged support structures
constitute significant wastes. Mitigation for solid waste from construction camp has been given in construction camp section.
219. The existing bitumen surface can be utilized for paving of crossroads, access roads, and paving works in construction sites and camps, temporary traffic diversions, haulage routes etc.
Mitigation measures
220. All excavated materials from roadway, shoulders, verges, drains, cross drainage will be used for backfilling embankments, filling pits, and landscaping.
221. Unusable debris material should be suitably disposed off at pre-designated disposal locations, with approval of the concerned authority. The bituminous wastes shall be disposed in secure landfill sites only in environmentally accepted manner. For removal of debris, wastes and its disposal MOSRTH guidelines should be followed.
222. Unusable and surplus materials, as determined by the Project Engineer, will be removed and disposed off-site.
223. The locations of dumping sites should be selected with following considerations.
• Unproductive/wastelands shall be selected for dumping sites. • Away from residential areas and located at least 1000 m downwind
side of these locations, • Dumping sites do not contaminate any water sources, rivers etc, and
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• Dumping sites have adequate capacity equal to the amount of debris generated.
• Public perception and consent from the village Panchayats about the location of debris disposal site has to be obtained before finalizing the location.
• Form works will be re-used to the extent possible, more than 20 times as dictated by good practice. All stripped formworks will be examined for any damage and rectified in the workshop for re-use. Rectification includes plugging holes, and straightening bent steel props.
5.4. Socio-Economic Impact 224. Assessment of project impact on socio-economic conditions point to the
conclusions that positive benefits are many fold compared to its adverse impact.
5.4.1. Positive Impacts 225. Road-side economic activities will increase due to increased number of
vehicle using the road. Economic activities supporting transport like gasoline stations, automotive repair shops, lodging, and restaurants are expected to increase. Increase agro-industrial activities are also expected to take advantage of improved access to urban centres where there are higher demands and better prices for agricultural products. Other generic benefits of such projects are (i) Reduction in travel time (ii) better mode and frequency of transport (iii) access to quality health care facilities, educational and other infrastructural facilities (iv) enhanced tourism activities in the area and state which in many terms will boost the local economy (v) better investment climate for industries creating more employment opportunities to local people.
5.4.2. Anticipated Negative Impacts 226. Minor losses like problems in accessibility and community linkage, health
and safety during and after construction, and temporary change in demographic configuration are mitigable with minor to negligible residual impacts.
5.4.2.1 Impacts due to Construction Camp and Immigration of Workers
227. Poor siting and improper management of construction camp may lead to several adverse impacts on environment viz. (i) loss of vegetation due to use of wood as fuel source for cooking (ii) deterioration in nearby surface water bodies’ quality (iii) compaction and contamination of soil due to uncontrolled disposal of solid waste (iv) Poor sanitation may result to transmission of communicable diseases among the workers and the host communities. This include the possible spread of sexually transmitted disease, diseases from improper handling and supply of foodstuffs, poor water supply, insect-borne diseases, and alcoholic and drug.
228. Construction camp shall be sited at such locations so as to utilise the existing infrastructure. No productive land should be utilised for construction camp. All sites must be graded, ditched and rendered free
Mitigation measures
68
from depressions to avoid water stagnation. Accommodation and ancillary facilities including recreational facility for workers shall be erected and maintained to standards and scales approved by the resident engineer. All camps should maintain minimum distance of 500 m from habitation and water bodies.
229. All construction camps shall be provided sanitary latrines and urinals with provision of septic tanks attached with soak pits. Storm water drains shall be provided for the flow of used water outside the camp. Drains and ditches shall be treated with bleaching powder on a regular basis. Garbage bins must be provided in the camp and regularly emptied and disposed off in a hygienic manner. LPG cylinders shall be provided as fuel source for cooking to avoid any tree cutting, wherever possible.
230. At every workplace, the Contactor will ensure, in collaboration with local health authorities that a readily available first-aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilized dressing materials and appliances shall be provided. Workplaces remote and far away from regular hospitals shall have indoor health units with one bed for every 250 workers.
231. The Contractor will ensure the good health and hygiene of all workers to prevent sickness and epidemics. These include the HIV/AIDS prevention program to reduce the risk and transfer of HIV virus between and among the workers and community, promote early diagnosis and assist affected individuals. Activities under the program include monthly information, education, and consultation communication campaigns to workers, drivers, delivery crew, and communities on the risk, dangers, and impacts of STD and HIV/AIDS.
232. The Contractor will ensure that sufficient supply of suitable and hygienically prepared food at reasonable price is available to the workers.
233. The Contractor will provide adequate and safe water supply for the use of the workers.
234. The Contractor will ensure that all precautions to protect the workers from insect and pest to reduce the risk to health. This includes the use of insecticides which should comply with local regulations.
235. No alcoholic liquor or prohibited drugs will be imported to, sell, give, and barter to the workers of host community.
236. Migrant workers may be the potential carriers of various diseases. Local community may get exposed to the diseases carried by migrant workers. Regular health check-up and immunization camps shall also be organized for the workers and nearby population.
5.4.2.2 Safety of Construction Workers and Accident Risk to Local Community
237. The following safety aspects viz. (i) safety of construction workers, (ii) safety of road users including pedestrians and cyclists (iii) safety to cattle; (iv) safety of local community (iv) unsafe/ hazardous traffic conditions due to construction vehicle movement need to be considered during design and construction stage and (v) conduct of safety audit.
Design and Construction Stage
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238. During the construction phase, contractors shall be required to adopt and maintain safe working practices. Internationally accepted and widely used safety procedures should be followed during (i) road works (ii) handling of large construction equipment and machineries, (iii) handling of chemicals and hazardous materials and inflammable substances (iii) welding (iv) electrical works etc. A set of mitigation measures for construction workers have been provided in EMP matrix table.
Mitigation measures
239. Contractor shall arrange all PPEs for workers, first-aid and fire fighting equipments at construction sites. An emergency plan shall be prepared duly approved by engineer in charge to respond to any instance of safety hazard. The contractor will be required to appoint an Accident Prevention Officer (APO) who will conduct regular safety inspections at construction sites. The APO will have the authority to issue instructions and take protective measures to prevent accidents. The partial control on access for the project road shall be achieved through measures like service road with physical separation for local traffic, intersections, acceleration/deceleration lanes, vehicular and pedestrian underpasses, median openings with shelter lane.
240. The partial control on access for the project road shall be achieved through measures like service road with physical separation for local traffic, intersections, acceleration/deceleration lanes, vehicular and pedestrian underpasses, median openings with shelter lane.
241. Grade separated intersections/junctions shall be provided at all major intersections in consistent to IRC: 92.
242. Pedestrian/cyclist and cattle passageways shall be provided near identified locations. These facilities shall be planned in accordance with the relevant provisions contained in IRC-11, IRC-17 and IRC-103. The crossing facilities can be designed either in conjunction with grade intersections or through underpasses.
243. To avoid disruption of the existing traffic due to construction activities, comprehensive traffic management plan shall be drawn up by the concessionaire. Traffic in construction zones shall be managed as per the provisions of IRC SP 55.
244. After construction is completed in a particular zone, it shall be opened for normal operation. All diversions/access roads should be closed before start of normal operation.
245. Use of retro-reflectorized traffic signs, and cantilever/gantry types overhead signs, thermoplastic road marking paints, delineators, traffic cones, empty bitumen drums, barricades, and flagmen will be used to ensure traffic management and safety. Conduct of regular safety audit on safety measures adopted during construction. The audit will cover manpower and their safety, machinery, temporary works, equipment and vehicles, materials storage and handling, construction procedures, environment, site safety guidelines, and miscellaneous services.
Operation phase
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246. Important issues related with safety during operational phase are monitoring of emergencies and establishing procedures to carry out rescues during sudden disasters such as floods, fires especially near habited areas.
247. It is proposed to explore the feasibility of providing the following facilities:
Mitigation Measures
o Highway patrol unit(s) for round the clock patrolling to provide assistance to the users in case of any need, monitor the travel conditions to provide information to the control section and to undertake immediate measures for managing the traffic flow in case of any incident.
o Phone booths for accidental reporting and ambulance services with minimum response time for rescue of any accident victims.
o Tow-away facility for the break down vehicles.
248. MPRDC may also explore the possibility of coordination with operating agency of intersecting National Highways to have common facilities and share the costs as appropriate.
5.4.3. Obstruction and Disruption of Traffic
249. Disruption of access to infrastructure or social resource due to construction activity will cause nuisance and to a certain extent additional cost to the public in terms of longer travel period due to diversion or heavier traffic. It will also pose risk of accident to motorist at night if these blockages and disruption are not clearly demarcated.
Construction Phase
250. The contractor will submit a Traffic Plan to the Project Engineer at least two weeks before the construction starts that will result to obstruction. The plan will include a drawing of temporary diversions and details of arrangement. It will also include plan for transportation of raw materials like quarry, sand etc. A section of the Traffic Plan will be a Control Plan that details how the safety of the pedestrians and workers and delineation of the roadway at night. This plan will recommend for approval of safe and convenient temporary diversion of traffic during construction, design of barricades, delineators, signs, markings, lights, and flagmen, among others.
Mitigation Measures
251. Paved shoulder will be provided on one side of the existing road by the contractor with the following minimum requirements:
• At least one 3.5 m lane to remain to traffic at all times • The surface used by the through traffic will be firm bituminous
compacted surface free of defect • The maximum continuous length over which construction under traffic
may take place is limited to 750 meters. • Construction activity will be restricted to only one side of the existing
road.
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252. On stretches where it is not possible to pass the traffic on the part width of existing carriageway, temporary paved diversions will be constructed. These paved diversions will comply with standards on junctions and temporary cross drainage.
253. Transportation of quarry material to the construction sites through heavy vehicles shall be done through existing major roads to the extent possible. This will restrict wear and tear to the village/minor roads. Small vehicles/un-motorised vehicle can also be used for its further transportation to the construction sites from temporary storage areas.
5.4.4. Transportation and Storage of Materials 254. The construction material primarily will consist of aggregate, sand,
cement, bitumen, lubricating oil and fuel for vehicle and construction equipments. These will be stored temporarily at construction camps. Oils, fuels and chemicals will be stored on concreted platform with spill collection pits while cement will be stored under cover. All these temporary storage areas will be located at least 150 m away from the habitat. The likely impacts due to transportation and storage including fugitive emission have already been covered under different section above.
5.4.4.1 Impact on Land and Private Properties
255. The assessment made by the resettlement expert shall be referred for exact loss of private properties and measures to compensate such losses. Environmental screening of resettlement sites, if required for the project, shall be carried out. Besides monetary compensation for any loss of private trees, compensatory afforestation and extensive plantation has been incorporated in the EMP to have long-term environmental benefits.
256. Income restoration measures/livelihood options for vulnerable group/resource poor sections and other affected persons as recommended by social development/resettlement expert shall be implemented.
5.4.4.2 Impact on Common Property Resources
257. There are various types of community structures/ facilities/utilities along the proposed alignment. Geometric adjustments have been made to minimize the loss to any such facilities. Any such structures even falling within ROW but out of required formation width shall be saved. Alternate access has to be provided to these structures during construction stage. No community structures are likely to be dismantled/relocated. The impact on other community properties has been provided at Table 5.2.
Table 5.3 : Common Property Resources Along the Corridor
S. No. Chainage (km) Feature Side Offset from edge of road (m)
Bhind to Ater 1 0.290 Temple Right 7.5 2 1.634 Temple Right 7.0 3 2.750 Temple Left 10.9
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S. No. Chainage (km) Feature Side Offset from edge of road (m)
4 3.450 Temple Left 8.8 5 5.750 Temple Right 18.6 6 10.950 Temple Left 5.4 7 10.990 Temple Left 6.6 8 13.450 Temple Right 14.8 9 14.300 Temple Left 17.6 10 15.720 Temple Right 11.4
Porsa to Ater 11 48.450 Temple Left 6.0 12 50.350 Temple Left 9.8 13 51.800 School Left 10.6 14 52.050 School Left 19.6 15 52.300 Temple Right 16.6 16 53.600 Temple Right 25.5 17 54.230 Temple Left 5.3 18 56.050 Temple Left 13.8 19 58.430 Temple Left 3.3 20 59.150 Temple Left 23.7 21 59.255 School Right 13.8 22 62.230 Temple Left 7.5 23 62.450 Temple Right 23.5 24 62.450 School Right 11.9 25 63.300 Temple Right 21.0 26 65.990 Temple Right 19.4 27 69.050 School Left 14.5 28 69.885 Temple Right 23.9 29 71.250 Temple Right 24.9 30 71.880 School Right 31 72.100 Temple Right 20.5 32 72.450 School Left 19.0 33 78.150 School Right 9.9 34 78.250 Temple Right 21.5 35 78.340 Temple Right 37.3
Source: DPR
5.5. Cumulative and Induced Impact 258. Cumulative Impact: The area along the present road section SH-2 is
developing. The road already exists and proposed project will facilitate the pace of development. Some of the cumulative impacts will be deterioration in the air and noise quality especially at the congested locations like Bhind, Ater, Porsa, Aarethi due to increased traffic. The ancillary development activity will put pressure on agricultural and vegetated areas especially near Pratappura, Dondri, Dhaka. However, these activities will be slow and impacts are expected to be minimal.
259. On the contrary, the proposed road development will improve the drainage system of the area especially near Sindh and Kunwari River and other rolling terrain areas due to additional culverts and over-toppings
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which were water logged during monsoon season. The higher amount of compensatory afforestation (1:7) will increase the aesthetics along the ROW and help in cleaning of the polluted air. The improved accessibility will also result in increased industrial and commercial developments especially near Para, Mevarampura, Pratappura, Ater, Porsa, Gader etc. The net impacts are expected to be more positive.
260. Induced Impact - The induced impact from the project will be mainly due to the related developmental activities and improved infrastructural development like building construction and commercial establishment. This is likely to result in net positive impact due to overall social development.
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6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 6.1. Consultation Method and Information Disclosed
261. Consultations were held during different stages of the preparation of IEE. To address the key environmental issues, consultations at various levels with local people and government departments were conducted to arrive at socially and technically accepted solutions. A comprehensive consultation with all stakeholders was conducted at the project section.
262. Stakeholder’s consultations were held with the intent to understand their concerns, apprehensions, overall opinion and solicit recommendations to improve project design. Informal meetings, interviews were organized covering the entire project stretch. The informal consultation generally started with explaining the sub projects, followed by an explanation to potential impacts. Participant’s views were gathered with regard to loss of agricultural land, effect on air and noise quality of the area due to traffic, water availability, accident and risk.
263. The discussions were designed to receive maximum inputs from the participants regarding their acceptability and environmental concerns arising out of the sub-project. They were given the brief outline of the project to which their opinion was sought. Suggestions were also sought for mitigating any potential adverse impact.
6.2. Compliance with Relevant Regulatory Requirements 264. In India, public consultation is mandatory in case of Category A and B1
category projects7
265. Public consultation was undertaken consistent with the ADB requirements. All the five principles of information dissemination, information solicitation, integration, co-ordination and engagement into dialogue were incorporated in the consultation process. A framework of different environmental impacts likely from the project was strengthened and modified based on opinions of all those consulted, especially in the micro level by setting up dialogues with the village people from whom information on site facts and prevailing conditions were collected.
in select conditions. Being a category B project as per ADB Environmental Guidelines 2003, consultation was carried out during the early stage of IEE report preparation. The requirement of public consultation during the implementation of the project has been proposed as part of the mitigation plan.
6.2.1. Consultation with Executing Agency 266. Officials of executing agency provided technical information’s about the
project. All issues related to effective implementation of EMP, grievance redress mechanism, various clearances/consent and permission required prior to and during implementation were discussed. Mr. Vivek Agarwal and Mr. P.K. Chaturvedi, Managing Director and Deputy General Manager of Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation (MPRDC), expressed their organization’s committment to implement the
7 As per schedule I of EIA notification number S.O. 1533, dated 14th September 2006. This notification also defines when a public consultation is mandatory.
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project in environmentally sustainable way and as per the applicable laws/regulations/guidelines and safeguard requirements of ADB and the country. They also shared about lessons learnt from ongoing project.
6.2.2. Consultation with other Government Departments 267. All relevant government departments/agencies including forest and
wildlife, fisheries, pollution control board, water resources, and DRDA were consulted for collection of available information their views/ comments and suggestions about the project.
268. Forest officials of the Bhind and Morena District informed about the existence of forests in the project area. They were also interacted about the existing rules and norms with regards to forest resources and compensation in case of cutting of roadside trees. The officials’ assured their cooperation in compensatory afforestation work.
269. The list of government officials contacted, along with purpose/objective has been summarised in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1 : Summary of Consultation with Government Officials
S. No.
Name of Official Consulted Department Issue discussed
1. Mr. Dubey PCCF (Working Plan), Forest Department, Satpura Bhavan, Bhopal
Status of forest in state, Impacts on forest, mitigation options, Environmental friendly forest activities
2. Dr. Rita Kauri
Sr. Scientist, Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board Paryavaran Bhavan, Bhopal
Environmental Issues in the state, legal framework of MoEF and revised EIA notification 2006, applicable permits & clearances, Impacts of proposed project on environment,
3. Dr. Abhay Saxena
Scientist, Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board Paryavaran Bhavan, Bhopal
Environmental Issues in the state, legal framework of MoEF and revised EIA notification 2006, applicable permits & clearances, Impacts of proposed project on environment,
4. Mr. Rajesh Srivastava
Superintending Engineer Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board Paryavaran Bhavan, Bhopal
Environmental quality in the state and major urban centres. Capacity of pollution control board in environmental management and monitoring requirements of SPCB in the proposed project.
5. Mr. S. P. Sharma Dy. Conservator of Forest, Forest Department, Bhopal
Status of forest in state, Impacts on forest, mitigation options, Environmental friendly forest activities
6. Mr. Vivek Aggarwal Managing Director, MPRDC, Bhopal
Conditions of road network in state, scope of road improvement, environmental issues related with road improvement, capacity enhancement of MPRDC, future plans
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S. No.
Name of Official Consulted Department Issue discussed
7. Mr. Alok Chaturvedi DGM (Environment), MPRDC, Bhopal
Conditions of road network in state, scope of road improvement, environmental issues related with road improvement
8 Mr. Piyush.K. Chaturvedi DGM, MPRDC, Bhopal
Conditions of road network in state, scope of road improvement, environmental issues related with road improvement, implementation schedule of various activities, organizational setting of MPRDC,
9.
Sooraj Bhan, Devender Singh, Chaturbhuj, Pappu – Forest guard B.S. Hotagi – DFO Morena
Forest Guards, Range officers, local community leaders
Status of forests along the project road, presence of flora and fauna species in the forests, forest boundaries and road encroachments
6.2.3. Consultation with NGOs 270. All the NGOs welcome the project. They express concern over
afforestation programme. NGOs also demand to pay attention for survival rate of the trees. Awareness camp among the people regarding road safety is also suggested. The outcome of consultation with NGOs is summarised below in Table 6.2
Table 6.2 : Summary of Consultation with NGOs
Name of NGOs Contact Person Remarks
BYPASS - Bhopal Yuwa Paryavaran Shikshan and Samajik Sansthan Chunabhatti, Bhopal, M.P.-16
Mr. Akhilesh Singh Yadav
• Welcomed the project • Raised concerns about the impact on
reserve forests through the project stretch • Expressed his concern about use of fodder
from the forest being used during construction phase
• Suggested minimal tree cutting and proportional afforestation
Ecosake Society for Environment Conservation and Social Awareness Bhopal-16
Mr. Kinshuk Tiwary
• Welcomed the project • Expressed his desire that adequate
compensation should be provided, as per the latest R&R policy, to the people affected from this project
• Desired minimal impacts on forest and other mineral resources in the region from the project
• Desired involvement of Local skilled and unskilled labour during construction activities
Green Hurt Nature Club M.P. Nagar, Bhopal-11
Jai Sharma • Welcomed the project • Emphasized the need of plantation of local
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Name of NGOs Contact Person Remarks
tree species for the roadside plantations. • Raised his concerns on the land
filing/borrow activity suggested about prevention of top soil
• Desired the need of awareness/ training program for the contractors and labourers to educate them for environmental issues.
Forum for Environmental Protection Gwalior - 474011
Dr. R. Mathur • Welcomed the project • Expressed his concern regarding water
logging problem during construction phase at many places.
• Raised his concerns about health and safety schemes to be provided to construction labours especially during monsoon period.
• Emphasized on the need of identification of sites for disposal of construction debris before the start of civil works.
• Wanted banning of old vehicles on these roads by Government to reduce the pollution.
Energy Environment and Development Group R-12, II Floor Above Central Color Lab Bhopal - 462003
Ajit Kumar Saxena
• Welcomed the project • Raised his concerns about the problem of
electricity and its role in number of accidents that occurred on this road due to it.
• Enquired about the compensation to be provided to the displaced/affected people.
Centre for Envirocare and Energy Technology E-7/466 Arera Colony Bhopal - 462016 Madhya Pradesh
Mahendra Kumar Shukla
• Welcomed the project • Expressed his concerns about the cutting
of trees and stressed the need for their rehabilitation and afforestation.
• Suggested the need of increasing the awareness among contractors, labourers and villagers.
6.3. Beneficiaries’ Comments 271. The project has immense acceptability among the local people. They
perceived that in addition to providing all weather connectivity, the sub-project road will bring positive socio-economic changes in the area. Local people mainly discussed on issues related to rehabilitation and resettlement and proper vigilance of construction work. They suggested minimising acquisition of agricultural land as much as possible since livelihood of the people is principally dependent on agriculture.
272. People of villages located adjacent to the proposed road like Bhind, Ater, Dhaka, Aarethi and Porsa demanded for crossing-over facility/service roads, drainage, wayside amenities, and safety provisions.
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273. Villagers of Bhind highlighted that proper vigilance of work need to be done to avoid misuse of public fund by the contractors.
274. Other common demands included modifications of alignment near orchards and religious structures. The people wanted consultation before relocation of such structures. They were also concerned about the safety issues related with increase in traffic due to improved road conditions. The list of participants, their views, and outcome of the consultations have been summarised in Table 6.3.
Table 6.3 : Consultation with local community
S. No.
Village Name of Particpiant Issues and Outcomes
1. Bhind Niranjan Kumar (cobbler) Md. Yusuf (farmer) Asharaf Zilani (Tailor) Srikant Gupta (shopkeeper) Mani (shopkeeper)
Welcomed the project Complained about the bad road conditions
especially during monsoon period due to which movement and business is severely affected.
Expressed their concern on the safety aspect in the post-project scenario.
Expressed their desire to further widen the road for smooth movement.
Supported the project with whatever help they can as they have to face immense hardship to meet their ends due to bad road.
2. Pratappura
Akhilesh Pandey (shopkeeper) Avadesh Pandey (shopkeeper) Bhure lal (labour) Satish Soni (farmer) Dharamendra (student) Saleem (press reporter) Mayaram (farmer)
Welcomed the project Complained about the bad road conditions
especially during monsoon period due to which movement and business is severely affected.
Complained about the absence of street lights due to which many accidents (about 10-12 in a month) take place.
Expressed their concern on the safety aspect in the post-project scenario.
Raised the issue of water logging at some low lying areas near Para village.
3. Ater Daya singh (farmer) Nandu chaudhary (farmer) Rakesh (student) Govind singh (student) Gaya Prasad (farmer) Chotku (vendor) Ram Janam (vendor)
Welcomed the project Expressed their concern on the safety aspect in
the post-project scenario. Enquired about the inclusion of local people
during construction phase Enquired about the project schedule and
activities
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Plate 1: Discussion with villagers at Pratappura
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7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND GRIEVANCE REDDRESS MECHANISM
7.1. Environmental Management Plan 1. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared to facilitate
effective implementation of recommended mitigations measures with defined roles and responsibility, regulatory compliance requirements, stages of implementation with location, time frame and costs. The mitigation measures are proposed to eliminate or minimise the identified impact associated with design, construction and operation stages of the project, to acceptable level by adopting the most feasible options.
2. The EMP consists of action plans for (i) implementation of recommended mitigation measures, (ii) environment quality monitoring during construction and operation stage to assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed, and (iii) institutional capacity building and training. The EMP is detailed at Appendix 7.1.
7.1.1. Social Development and Indigenous People Development Program (IPDP):
3. A separate Social Impact Assessment study is undertaken and social development programme is addressed as per this study. The involuntary resettlement issue is also addressed under separate study. However, the correlated issues like safety of habitats and workers, protection of common physical cultural resources, safe passage of habitats are addressed under environmental assessment and mitigation plan.
4. Since there is no indigenous population likely to be affected in the project area, IPDP is not envisaged. This has to be confirmed based on the social assessment.
7.1.2. Emergency Response Plan 5. Assessment of nature, type and extent of project activities establishes
that accidents on paved roads and consequent spillage can be the more frequent emergency. Other situation includes road overtopping due to heavy flood. It is suggested to develop a communication and response system to minimize the response time. The project authorities shall be prepared to counteract against such emergency either by developing in-house capabilities or by associating with any competent agency.
7.2. Environmental Monitoring Program (EMoP) 6. The environmental monitoring programme is prepared with aim to monitor
the environmental performance of environmental management plan. The EMOP is planned with the focus on following objectives:
• To the assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed
• To assess the change in environmental quality during construction and operation stage with respect to before the project scenario.
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• To assess compliance to regulatory requirements
• To monitor the status of corrective action taken in case of deviation from the planned measures or regulatory requirements.
This will be used as performance indicators for the project. A monitoring plan defining the parameters to be monitored, with sampling locations, frequency of measurements, cost and responsibility for various component of environment is prepared for all stages of project and provided as Appendix 7.2.
7.2.1. Monitoring schedule and performance indicator 7. The monitoring schedule has been developed based on the possible
occurrence of adverse impacts and required mitigation actions. However, this schedule is subject to change depending on the analysis results obtained. The performance indicators and protocol for changing the monitoring schedule is given below.
7.2.1.1.1 Tree Plantation
8. The 75% survival rate of re-plantation shall be monitored on the first year of the operation phase. If the survival rate is found below 75%, necessary measures will be taken to increase the survival rate and monitoring shall be again taken up on the third year of operation. This cycle should continue until the 75% survival rate is achieved..
7.2.1.1.2 Soil Erosion and Drainage Congestion
9. No significant soil erosion problem is anticipated due to the project either in the construction phase or in the operation phase. However, in the construction phase, some localised soil erosion may be noticed owing to construction activities. However, if soil erosion is noticed during construction and operation phase, the corrective action shall be initiated and frequency of check be increased to assess the tendency of occurrence.
10. The cross drainage structure shall be free from siltation. Visual check shall be made periodically to identify any drainage congestion or water logging along the road. Appropriate corrective action shall be taken to clear the congestion and prevent reoccurrence.
7.2.1.1.3 Air and Noise Quality
11. Due to the variability of the construction activities, namely changes in batch composition, type of construction activity and other anthropogenic influences, the ambient air quality of the project area may change. If the air quality with respect to any parameter exceeds by more than 25% of its last monitored value, the monitoring frequency shall be doubled and cause of the increase investigated. If the construction activities are found to be the reason for this increase, suitable measures should be adopted.
12. Similarly, due to the variability in traffic movement, namely changes in traffic volume, traffic compositions and other anthropogenic influences, the noise quality in the project area is likely to change. If the noise
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quality exceeds by 20% of the applicable ambient noise quality standard or 5% of its last monitored value, the monitoring frequency shall be increased and the cause of the increase investigated. If the construction activities are found to be the reason for this increase, suitable measures should be adopted.
7.2.1.1.4 Water Quality
13. No significant change in water quality is perceived due to the project in the operation phase. However, in the construction phase, the monitored values for pH, BOD, COD, TDS, DO and Oil & Grease might change owing to construction activities. Hence, it is suggested that if the monitored value for any water quality parameter exceeds by more than 20% of its last monitored status the monitoring frequency shall be increased.
7.2.2. Authorities and their Responsibilities for Implementation of EMoP 14. The most essential component of the Environment Monitoring Plan is the
execution of the Plan in accordance with the monitoring schedule provided therein. The field officer concerned at PIU will be responsible for timely monitoring of various parameters and compliance with the mitigative measure proposed. He can execute this task through supervision consultant. A resultant database is proposed to be maintained. A Management Information System (MIS) is also put in place for effective flow of information between various levels and functions within the MPRDC.
15. The monitoring reports shall be sent to Sr. Manager (Environment & Social) at head office with copy to Divisional Officer.
7.3. Institutional Setting and Proposed Implementation Arrangement 16. M. P. State Road Development Corporation (MPRDC) is responsible for
the development of state roads. MPRDC has set up divisional offices which act as Project Implementation Unit (PIU). Each PIU is headed by Divisional officer who is supported various engineers (field officers). These field officers also have the responsibility to comply with various regulatory permitting and compliance monitoring requirement. A Sr Manager (Environment & Social) is posted at Head Quarter who is responsible for overall environment and social management of sub projects. He reports to Dy General Manager who is responsible for the implementation of MPSRP_II and co-ordinate with ADB to monitor all environmental requirements of this subproject.
17. For subproject planning and implementation, Project Implementation Unit/s (PIUs) are established. This is headed by Divisional Officer and supported by Field officers. It is proposed to designate one of the field officers with additional responsibility of environment and social management. This officer shall be given adequate training for effective environmental management and monitoring. The designated field officer will be responsible for implementation and monitoring of EMP. Field Officer will monitor the compliance directly or with the help of supervision consultant. SQC will also supervise the contractor for complying the EMP requirements, monitoring requirements and obtaining the required
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permits. Divisional officer will overall responsible for ensuring effective implementation of EMP at PIU level who will ensure it through field officer and SQC. Field officer will be fully responsible for operation stage monitoring.
18. The EMP will be included in the construction contract and the contractor will be responsible for its implementation. MPRDC will monitor the implementation of these mitigation measures by the contractors through Sr Manager Environment, Field Officers at PIU and SQC. The field officers at PIU level will be responsible for compliance monitoring and periodic reporting to divisional officer and Sr. Manager Environment at Head office.
19. The roles and duties of various agencies responsible for monitoring have been outlined in Table 7.1. The flow diagram depicting the institutional arrangement for implementation EMP and EMoP has been given as Figure 7.1.
Table 7.1 : Roles and Duties of Implementing Agency/Organisations HQ MPRDC Contractor PIU Supervision Consultant
• Obtain statutory clearances required during pre-construction stage
• overall project coordination and management through PIU supported by SC
• Interaction and Reporting to ADB. Submission of progress reports to ADB atleast once in a year.
• Effective implementation of EMP and Monitoring of EMP
• Compilation of data relating to implementation of EMP.
• Advising and suggesting corrective measures to adhere to time schedule for implementation of EMP.
• Carry out verification/supervision exercises for implementation of
• Obtain permits as required during construction stage
• Joint Verification Exercise including, PMU CMU, SC for review of EMP
• Interaction with Sr Manager (Env. & Social) , PIU and SC
• Contractor’s Env. Officer will be primarily responsible for implementation EMP
• Filling of Reporting Format and submitting to SC
• Monitoring through approved agency.
• Preparation of various plans for effective implementation of EMP as detailed out in EMP and submitting it for approval to SC
• Identification of sites for labour camps, hot mix plant, batch mix plant, debris disposal etc
• Joint verification to be carried out by HQ, PIU, SC Contractor Env. Manager.
• Overall Supervision of implementation of EMP
• Environmental monitoring through approved laboratory or through SC
• Verification of consent taken by contractor for opening of borrow areas, and setting up labour camps. Ensuring restoration as per initial agreement with land owner
• Keeping records of all consents obtained by contractor.
• Compilation of data relating to implementation of EMP.
• Filling of Summary Sheets and reporting to HQ.
• Assist and advise the PIU in matters relating to environment and social matters.
• Compliance reporting to EMP and clearance conditions
• Provide corrective action if any deviation to EMP is identified
• Part of Joint Verification Exercise to be carried out by HQ, PIU and Contractor for review of EMP for modification in enhancement measures (if required)
• Ensure that the contractor define the cost of environmental measures like borrow area rehabilitation etc which are shown as part of construction cost under EMP matrix (Appendix 7.1) before the start of construction. This amount shall be released against completion of
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EMP with respect to modification (if required) for enhancement measures.
• Approval of plans prepared by contractor
• Addressing grievances of local community and information dissemination through NGOs/CBOs.
respective EMP measures.
• Supervise implementation of EMP/EMoP by contractor
• Develop good practices construction guidelines to assist contractor in implementation of EMP
• Conduct consultations programs with the stakeholders on regular basis to get first hand information on the inconvenience caused to contractor’s activities such as noise, debris disposal etc.
• Ensure submission of compliance report to EMP/EMoP once in six month to PIU
Social and Env. Group (Proposed)
HQ MPRDC DY General Manager (MPSRSP II)
Asian Development Bank
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Figure 7.1 : Proposed Structure for EMP/EMOP Implementation
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7.3.2. Institutional / Capacity Building 20. Capacity Building: As per the existing structure, one officer at Sr.
Manager Level is responsible for Environmental and social aspect at MPRDC. Considering the increasing magnitude of activities, it is proposed that another manager level officer be appointed to support Sr. manager’s activities. The group shall be named as Environmental and Social Group. To facilitate and streamline this group’s activities it is proposed to develop the Environmental and social impact guidelines. This will standardise the impact assessment, regulatory compliance and environmental quality monitoring mechanism.
21. Training and Awareness: To enhance the capacity of officials for effective implementation of proposed mitigation measures and monitoring the resultant effects, as well as create awareness amongst workers and public, the training and awareness programme is planned and is given as Table 7.2. The institutions/agencies like regional office of MoEF, SPCB/CPCB, and Indian Institute of Technologies can be consulted for such trainings. Independent subject’s experts/consultants (e.g., for the environmental awareness program, impact assessment specialist will be the resource person) can also be the resource persons to impart trainings. These experts /agencies shall be appointed based on specific need for the training.
Table 7.2 : Combined Training Budget for MPSRP II
Combined Training Budget for MPSRP II
S. No.
Target group
Subject(s) Method Time Frame and Estimated Cost
Basis for Costs Estimation
Training Material Preparation
Training Delivery
1 All staffs of MPRDC including PIU project staff involved in implementation of the project and Select NGOs.
Environmental Overview: Environmental Regulations, sub-project related provisions of various Acts/ Guidelines, EIA notification, process and methodology for IEE, EMPs
Lectures cum interaction
Before beginning of the implementation of the sub-project. INR 6.24 Lakhs
@ Rs 2.0 Lacs
Reproduction of Training Material Rs 24,000 (@ Rs. 200 per set for 120 sets ) Training Delivery: Honorarium and travel cost of the faculty Rs 2.0 lac (@ 50,000 per programme for 4 programmes) Venue and other facility costs Rs 2.0 lacs ( @ Rs 50000 per programme with 25 participants in each)
2 Field Officer (Env) at PIU, Supervision Consultant
Implementation of EMPs: Basic features of an EMP, Planning, designing and execution of environmental
Workshops and Seminars
Before the construction begins INR 6.24 Lakhs
@ Rs. 2.0 Lacs
-do-
87
’s Environmental Specialists and Select NGOs
mitigation and enhancement measures, monitoring and evaluation of environmental conditions – during construction and operation
3 Sr Manager, Manager at Head Quarter and Field officer at PIU, , design team, Supervision Consultant Construction Contractors’ staff
Environmentally Sound Construction Practices: Clean construction technology, alternatives materials and techniques for construction, Waste Management and minimization in construction, pollution control devices and methods for construction sites and equipment, Environmental clauses in contract documents and their implications, protection of flora and fauna Environmental monitoring during construction
Workshops and Site visits
Before the construction INR 6.24 Lakhs
@ Rs. 3.0 Lacs
-do-
4 PIU and Supervision Consultant, NGOs and community representatives
Monitoring Environmental Performance during Construction: Air, Water, Soil and Noise, tree survival Monitoring requirement and techniques, Evaluation and Review of results, Performance indicators and their applicability, possible corrective actions, reporting requirements and mechanisms
Lectures, Workshop and site visits
During initial phases of construction INR 5.0 Lakhs
@ Rs 1.5 Lacs
Reproduction of Training Material Rs 24,000 (@ Rs. 200 per set for 120 persons ) Training Delivery: Honorarium and travel cost of the faculty Rs 1.6 lac (@ 40,000 per programme for 4 programmes) Venue and other facility costs Rs 1.6 lacs ( @ Rs 40,000 per programme with 25 participants in each)
88
22. Management System: It is proposed to develop standard environmental guidelines for impact assessment, management plan, and monitoring. It is recommended to develop an Environmental Management and Reporting Systems following international standards like ISO 14001.
7.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism 23. Any environmental grievance received from public or stakeholders
concerning the project will be directed to the concerned PIU. Firstly, field officer will assess if the grievances are genuine or suggestion is acceptable. Accordingly, response will be given within 15-30 days through suitable mode by the field officer with the approval of Divisional Officer. In case PIU is unable to resolve the issue, the matter will be forwarded to Sr. Manager (Environment & Social) at head quarter who will take it up further and resolve. The corrective and preventing action will be taken in a time bound manner as per response given to the stakeholders. The outcome shall also form part of quarterly report to ADB.
24. The local community will be informed by the respective supervision consultants about the option to express their grievances if any through the mechanism described above before the start of construction activities. The grievance redress mechanism with the name of concerned official shall also be displayed at MPRDC website, and on notice boards of the PIU office and construction sites.
Total Training Costs
Rs 23.72 lacs or Say Rs 24 lacs
89
8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 8.1. Conclusions
25. The findings of Environment Assessment indicate that project is unlikely to cause any significant environmental impacts. While some of the impacts are negative, there are many bearing benefits to the area. Most of the impacts are likely to occur during construction stage and are temporary in nature and can be mitigated with minor to negligible residual impacts. Some impacts require design consideration and are suitably addressed. The project received immense support from local people as they perceive that this project will improve the overall connectivity and bring various economic opportunities to the people of the area.
26. The alignment does not pass through or located nearby any ecologically sensitive or protected areas. No archaeological/protected monument is located in the project vicinity. The land use pattern around the alignment is predominantly agricultural. The significant impact during construction is mainly associated with minor increase in dust borne air pollution, increased noise level, nuisance due to movement and operation of vehicles, establishment of temporary facilities, hindrance in accessibility to common property resources etc. During operation stage, the main impact may be related to air quality and noise. Other issues relates to road safety including pedestrian and cattle’s.
27. Environmental screening and assessment of likely impacts, the project has been categorised as Category ‘B’. The effective implementation of environmental management plan will facilitate in minimising the environmental impact to acceptable level. No additional studies or need of undertaking detailed EIA is envisaged at this stage.
28. Key findings of the IEE are summarised in following paragraphs:
• The groundwater condition in the project section is poor. Hence, provisions of water harvesting should be adopted.
• Since no land acquisition is involved, the project will not affect any family. Also, there will be no Impact on community infrastructure as the upgradation is limited to the available ROW.
• Ambient noise level is within prescribed limit except near busy intersections such as Bhind, Ater, Para, Porsa etc. Some of the key suggested measures during construction are provision of temporary noise barriers and regulating construction timings near sensitive locations. The operation stage mitigation includes multilayered plantation and restricting honking near sensitive areas, maintaining good road conditions and congestion free traffic movement.
• Large quantity of earth is required for the project. The availability of government waste land/barren land/uplands etc. is limited in the area. It is recommended to follow the guidelines for borrow area management as suggested in IEE.
• Since the sub-project passes through about 1.8 km of reserve and protected forests, the condition imposed in the forest clearance must
90
be strictly implemented. Also, provisions mentioned in the IEE for these locations for the safety of flora and fauna should be strictly imposed.
• The compensatory afforestation should be undertaken at 1:7 basis in close consultation with forest department. Roadside plantation should be done as per IRC specifications. Additional plantation should be done in consultation at river banks especially at major bridge locations.
• Soil erosion along embankment slope, river banks, bridge sites and river training structures shall be checked through measures suggested in IEE. These measures coupled with silt fencing/brush barrier etc will also help to minimise siltation of water bodies though required at only few locations since most of the water bodies are seasonal in nature.
• Predominant land use along the project alignment is agricultural/open area which helps in adequate dispersion of air emission. The increased pollution level during construction stage will be largely localised and temporary in nature. Corridor specific measures to curb emission include maintaining good road conditions, improved traffic regulations and roadside plantation with pollutant absorbent species.
• Siting and management of temporary construction facilities i.e. construction camp, workers camp, hot mix plant, batching plant, dumping sites, stone crusher etc. shall be done in environmentally accepted manner as mentioned in IEE.
• Dismantled material shall be reused to the extent possible. Leftover debris shall be disposed off in environmentally acceptable method and at designated sites.
• Risk involved with accidents, community and occupational health safety should be mitigated as per measures provided in IEE. A proper traffic management plan shall be in place well before start of the construction.
29. Post Environmental Assessment Surveillance and Monitoring is essential to sustain the effectiveness of the mitigative measures suggested. A detailed monitoring plan has been prepared as part of the Environmental Management Plan. The focus areas of monitoring covers air, surface water quality, noise, soil erosion, drainage congestion and tree survival rate. The reporting requirements along with the follow up actions in case of deviation from the norms have been detailed out as a part of EMP. The frequency has been set in consideration of the likely impacts.
8.2. Key Recommendations: 30. Any major changes or any major additional work other than the proposed
project activities will require preparation of another environmental assessment. This additional assessment will have to be submitted to concerned Government authorities and ADB for concurrence before civil works commence.
31. The implementation of prescribed mitigation measures will minimize/avoid the adverse impacts. Moreover, the impacts shall be monitored continually by implementing and updating the Environmental Management plan and Environmental Monitoring Plan. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan may be updated if deemed necessary
91
as per site conditions. MPRDC shall submit six monthly compliance/update reports to ADB.
32. All necessary clearances/permissions/No-objections/Consents should be obtained as required at different stages and as outlined in legal framework chapter of IEE. MPRDC shall ensure that environmental clearance as may be required is obtained before start of construction.
33. Executing agency shall ensure that EMP and EMoP is included in Bill of Quantity (BOQ) and forms part of bid document and civil works contract. The same shall be revised if necessary during project implementation or if there is any change in the project design and with approval of ADB.
92
Appendix 3.1: Inventory and Survey Condition of Bridges
Bhind -Ater - Porsa Road No.: B1
Date of survey03/03/09 to 05/03/09
Gra
dien
t
Type
Type
of B
earin
g
Thic
knes
s of
Sla
b / G
irder
(m)
Mat
eria
l of S
lab
Han
drai
l Par
apet
Th
ickn
ess
&
Hei
ght (
m)
Type
Thic
knes
s (m
)
Type
Top
Bot
tom
Abu
tmen
t
Pie
r
Type
Mat
eria
l
Type
Mat
eria
l
Bed
App
roac
h
Abu
tmen
ts
Pie
rs
Sla
b
Bea
rings
Par
apet
proposed widening (if o/o = 12.00)
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 abt Pier total Abt. Pier12.00
Minor Bridge
- 3 2.15 1.70 6.45 H 7.60 8.60 - - Solid Slab
Tar paper
0.27 RCC Stone Parapet h=0.50w=0.60
BC - Wall 0.45 0.45 1.60 Stone Stone Open Stone Open Stone - - - 1.60 - - G P G - G 5 - 0.3 m below
- - - 3L distributoryofBhind
Main Canal
Rehabiltion of Pier
P Slab
3.40 9 9
MajorBridge
- 52
44.6034.80
43.1033.30
292.6 H 7.80 8.50 - - Girder Elastomeric pad
2.35 RCC RCC Railingh=1.0
BC - Wall 1.5 1.5 5.85 RCC RCC - RCC - RCC - - - 5.85 - L TO R
G G G G G 282 - 1.2 m below
- - - Balanced Cantilever
-
G Box +Girder
0.00 0 0
Minor Bridge
- 2 3.60 2.80 7.2 H 6.70 7.30 - - Solid Slab
Tar paper
0.35 RCC Steel Railing h=0.80
BC - Wall 0.8 0.8 2.00 Stone Stone Open Stone Open Stone - - - 2.00 - L TO R
G G G - - 6 - 0.3 m below
- - - Gates on LHS
-
G Slab
4.70 10 10
Minor Bridge
- 3 2.15 1.50 6.45 H 4.60 5.60 - - Solid Slab
Tar paper
0.30 Stone Brick parpet h=1.5
BC - Wall 0.65 0.65 1.45 Brick Brick Open Brick Open Brick - - - 1.45 - L TO R
G G G - F 5 - 0.3 m below
- - - - Rehabilitation of
parapet G Slab
6.40 9 9
Minor Bridge
- 2 6.50 5.50 13 H 6.70 (St)8.80 (Sk)
7.20 (St)9.30 (Sk)
- - Solid Slab
Tar paper
0.65 RCC - BC - Wall 0.5 0.5 2.30 Stone Stone Open Stone Open Stone - - 39 2.30 - R TO L
G G G G G 11 - 0.3 m below
- - - Canal crossing
-
G Slab 0 0 0
4.80 10 10
Minor Bridge
- 2 3.70 3.00 7.4 H 5.85 6.70 - - Solid Slab
Tar paper
0.40 RCC Brick parpet h=0.9
BC - Wall 0.5 0.5 2.15 Brick Brick Open Brick Open Brick - - - 2.15 - R TO L
G G G - G 6 - 0.3 m below
- - - - -
G Slab 0 0 0
5.30 10 10
Minor Bridge + CW
- 2 3.60 3.00 7.2 H 6.50 7.10 - - Solid Slab
Tar paper
0.400 RCC - BC - Wall 0.6 0.6 1.40 Stone Stone Open Stone Open Stone - - - 1.40 - R TO L
G G G - - 6 - 0.3 m below
- - - - -
G Slab 0 0 0
4.90 9 9
cates the structure is in forest area 29.5 57 57
Pier Founda-tion
Hig
h Fl
ood
leve
l (H
FL)
*Thickness on Pier (m)
Protection Work Present Condition of
Bridge
Cle
ar S
pans
Spa
n A
rrang
emen
t (E
xpan
sion
Joi
nt to
E
xpan
sion
Joi
nt) (
m)
Num
ber o
f Spa
ns
Wid
th o
f Foo
tpat
h (m
)
Super Structure Proposed Boring in widening
Depth of boring in widening
Depth of boring in
reconstructionType
Ver
tical
Hei
ght (
Bel
ow
botto
m o
f dec
k S
lab)
(m)
Des
ign
of L
oadi
ng
Dire
ctio
n of
Flo
w
Nam
e of
Riv
er B
ridge
Hig
h le
vel o
r Sub
mis
sibl
e
Con
ditio
n
Des
ign
Dis
char
ge (c
um) *
Low
est W
ater
Lev
el (L
WL)
*Le
ngth
of B
ridge
face
to
Face
of A
butm
ents
(m)
Hei
ght o
f pie
r&
Abu
tmen
t (m
)
Details of Wearing
coat
Sub Structure
Ske
w A
ngle
(Deg
ree)
Rem
arks
Max
imum
Des
ign
Vel
ocity
(m
/sec
) *
Impr
ovem
ent
Cle
ar ro
ad w
ay w
idth
be
twee
n K
erbs
(m)
Materials Used
Roa
d Fo
rmat
ion
Leve
l (m
)
Cle
ar W
ater
Way
(m)
Yea
r of C
onst
ruct
ion
Abutment Foundation
Tota
l Out
er w
idth
of b
ridge
(m
)
93
Appendix 3.2: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist
BHIND-ATER-PORSA (SH-2) SECTION
Instructions: (i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It
is to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to the Environment and Safeguards Division (RSES), for endorsement by Director, RSES and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer.
(ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are
adequately considered, refer also to ADB's (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and participation; and (d) gender checklists.
(iii) Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential
impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures. Country/Project Title: Sector Division:
SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS A. PROJECT SITING IS THE PROJECT AREA ADJACENT TO OR WITHIN ANY OF THE FOLLOWING ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS?
CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE
None
A. PROTECTED AREA
None. However, it passes through about 1.8 km of reserve forest area at the following section as given below:
Chainage Length (km)
Side of Road From To
26.000 27.800 1.8 Right
26.000 27.800 1.8 Left
Roads and Highways
IND/Sub-regional Transport Enhancement Project – Road improvement w/ bituminous overlay: Bhind-Ater-Porsa (59.95 km)
IND TA: 7198
94
SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS
WETLAND None
MANGROVE
None
ESTUARINE
None
BUFFER ZONE OF PROTECTED AREA
None
SPECIAL AREA FOR PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY
None
B. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS WILL THE PROJECT CAUSE…
Encroachment on historical/cultural areas; disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills, and quarries?
No encroachment on historical or cultural areas is envisaged. The topography of project road is mainly flat. But, minor impacts on landscape by road embankments to improve profile, cuts and fills cannot be ruled out.
Encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive or protected areas)?
None. The project road does not pass through any National Park/Wildlife Sanctuary.
Alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by roads, resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site?
None, since no new construction of bridges are proposed. Hence, no impact is envisaged on the surface water hydrology. All measures shall be taken during construction stage so that watercourses are not affected and temporary soil and rock stockpiles will be designed so that runoff will not induce sedimentation of waterways.
Deterioration of surface water quality due to silt runoff and sanitary wastes from worker-based camps and chemicals used in construction?
Suitable prevention measures such as silt fencing will reduce silt run off. The adequate measures for sanitary waste and silt runoff shall be taken to prevent any such condition. As the construction activity in this project will not contain any harmful ingredients, no impact on surface water quality is anticipated
95
SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, cutting and filling works, and chemicals from asphalt processing?
Local air pollution level is likely to be increased for short duration during construction period particularly due to earth work. Appropriate distance from settlement area and wind direction may be taken into account to locate air polluting facility like stone crushing unit etc., if required.
Risks and vulnerabilities related to occupational health and safety due to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological hazards during project construction and operation during project construction and operation?
Risk is temporary and associated with construction phase. Construction workers will be provided with proper occupational, health and safety gear. Safety officer will be appointed by contractor to lead implementation of occupational and community health and safety plan during construction phase
Noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil works?
During operation period higher noise and vibration will be mainly impulsive in nature and temporary. However, suitable mitigation measures will be taken to minimize the adverse effects.
Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people
None.
Dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people living in right-of-way?
No displacement. Project improvement work is to be carried out within existing available ROW, no resettlement is envisaged.
Disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups?
None.
Other social concerns relating to inconveniences in living conditions in the project areas that may trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and stress?
All possible mitigation measures will be taken to avoid any inconvenience due to the project. Efforts will also be made to keep air pollution within permissible levels to prevent respiratory problems and stress among the nearby inhabitants.
Hazardous driving conditions where construction interferes with pre-existing roads?
Transport routes for construction vehicle shall be decided considering this aspect to avoid any hazardous driving condition.
96
SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in construction camps and work sites, and possible transmission of communicable diseases from workers to local populations?
Appropriate waste management shall be adopted to prevent any such conditions. Awareness plan for workers will be prepared to educate them about communicable diseases.
Creation of temporary breeding habitats for mosquito vectors of disease?
No such condition is anticipated
Accident risks associated with increased vehicular traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic materials and loss of life?
Temporarily during construction stage. Adequate measures will be provided to prevent them such as speed reduction, provision of crash barrier & proper traffic signage system at sensitive places will ensure smooth traffic flow which will reduce accidental risk
Increased noise and air pollution resulting from traffic volume?
Temporarily during construction phase. Increase in level of noise due to rise in frequency of vehicles in the operation period.
Increased risk of water pollution from oil, grease and fuel spills, and other materials from vehicles using the road?
Temporarily during construction phase. Adequate preventive measures will take to prevent such risks.
Social conflicts if workers from other regions or countries are hired?
Most of the workers will be hired locally.
Large population influx during project construction and operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)?
Most of the workers will be hired locally. All groundwater extraction will be covered by necessary permits and all construction sites will have sanitary toilets with septic tank.
Risks to community health and safety due to the transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals during construction and operation?
No blasting will be made, bitumen handling will be consistent with the Material Safety Data Sheet, occupational and community health and safety provisions included in the EMP
Community safety risks due to both accidental and natural causes, especially where the structural elements or components of the project are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning.
Community and occupational health and safety plan will form part of EMP.
97
The Project is categorized as B. As per MOEF latest EIA notification, Environmental Clearance for the project is not required. However, other consent conditions will be required.
98
Appendix 3.3: Details of Chainage-wise Existing and Proposed Design Speed and Curve Radius
S. No. Existing Proposed Remarks
Chainage Radii Speed Chainage Radii Speed Start End (mt) (kmph) Start End (mt) (kmph)
Bhind – Ater Junction 1 1.94 1.98 170 35 1.94 1.98 200 35 Urban Area 2 6.68 6.76 70 20 6.68 6.75 80 20 Junction 3 10.72 10.83 280 35 10.76 10.87 280 35 Junction 4 11.30 11.36 140 30 11.34 11.40 150 30 Junction + Urban 5 11.77 11.91 190 35 11.82 11.96 230 35 Junction + Urban 6 19.30 19.39 50 40 19.20 19.29 70 40 Open Land 7 19.42 19.49 40 30 19.32 19.39 50 30 8 19.61 19.67 55 20 19.51 19.57 70 20 Urban Area 9 19.82 19.87 45 20 19.72 19.77 60 20 Junction
10 20.85 20.92 50 20 20.76 20.83 70 20 Petrol Pump 11 20.97 21.01 60 20 20.85 20.90 70 20 Petrol Pump
Ater Junction – Porsa 12 65.76 65.66 100 20 41.14 41.24 150 30 Junction 13 59.41 59.34 200 25 47.53 47.59 250 40 Junction + Urban
Ater Junction – Ater 14 24.69 24.75 35 30 0.590 0.638 60 30 Junction 15 24.94 25.03 30 20 0.844 0.939 55 20 16 26.22 26.24 30 30 2.119 2.139 60 30 Reserve Forest 17 26.60 26.66 55 20 2.501 2.555 70 20 Reserve Forest 18 26.69 26.72 30 20 2.585 2.622 40 20 Reserve Forest 19 26.74 26.83 45 20 2.643 2.732 55 20 Reserve Forest 20 26.86 26.91 50 20 2.758 2.808 70 20 Reserve Forest 21 26.98 27.02 40 20 2.884 2.921 50 20 Reserve Forest 22 27.04 27.11 75 20 2.942 3.012 100 20 Reserve Forest 23 27.19 27.23 80 30 3.092 3.124 150 40 Reserve Forest 24 27.28 27.31 30 20 3.275 3.300 50 30 Junction
Bhind Town Realignmnet 25 0.814 0.870 58 15 0.814 0.870 60 20 Urban Section
99
APPENDIX 4.1 : NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
The finding as Notified on 16th November 2009 by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in exercise of its powers conferred under Section 6 and Section 25 of the Environment Protect Act, 1986.
Source: Gazette of India, Part II-Section-3-Subsection (i) * Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104
** 24-horly / 8-hourly values or 0.1 hourly monitored values shall be complied with 98% of the time in the year. However, 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.
measurements in a year taken twice a week 24-hourly at uniform interval.
Pollutant
Time-Weighted Concentration in Ambient Air
Average
Industrial, Residential and other rural area
Ecologically Sensitive Area
(Notified by Central
Government)
SO2 µg/m3 Annual*
24 hours**
50
80
20
80
NOx µg/m3 Annual*
24 hours**
40
80
30
80
PM10 µg/m3
Annual*
24 hours**
60
100
60
100
PM2.5 µg/m3 Annual*
24 hours**
40
60
40
60
Lead µg/m3 Annual*
24 hours**
0.50
1.0
0.50
1.0
CO µg/m3 8 Hours**
1 Hour**
2000
4000
2000
4000
O3 µg/m3 8 Hours**
1 Hour**
100
180
100
180
NH3 µg/m3 Annual*
24 hours**
100
400
100
400
100
APPENDIX 4.2 : Ambient Noise Level Limits (In Leq dB(A)), India
Area/Class Day Time (6:00 AM to 9:00 PM)
Night Time (9:00 PM to 6:00 am)
Standard Standard
Industrial 75 70
Commercial 65 55
Residential 55 45
Silence 50 40 Source: Environment Protection Rules, 1986, Schedule III
101
APPENDIX 4.3 : Drinking Water Standards And Probable Effects on Human Health (BIS: IS: 10500, 1991)
S. No. Parameters Prescribed limits Probable effects Desirable Permissible 1 COLOUR (HAZEN UNIT) 5 25 Aesthetically undesirable. 2 ODOUR Essentially free Aesthetically undesirable. 3 TASTE Agreeable Aesthetically undesirable. 4 TURBIDITY (NTU) 5 10 Indicates pollution/ contamination.
5 pH 6.5 8.5 Affects taste, corrodes supply system.
6 HARDNESS, as CaCO3, mg/l 300 600
Causes scaling, excessive soap consumption, calcification of arteries.
7 IRON, as Fe , mg/l 0.30 1.00 Causes staining of laundry and porcelain. In traces it is essential for nutrition.
8 CHLORIDE, as Cl , mg/l 250 1000
May be injurious to heart or kidney patients. Taste, indigestion, corrosion and palatability are affected.
9 RESIDUAL CHLORINE, only when Water is chlorinated
0.20 - Excessive chlorination causes asthma, colitis and eczema
10 TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS, mg/l 500 2000
May cause gastro-intestinal irritation, corrosion and laxative effect to new users.
11 CALCIUM, as Ca, mg/l 75 200
Excessive Cause incrustation, deficiency causes rickets, essential for nervous, muscular, cardiac functions and in coagulation of blood.
12 MAGNESIUM, as Mg, mg/l 30 100
Its salts are cathartics and diuretic. Excessive may cause laxative effect; deficiency causes structural and functional changes. It is activator of many enzyme systems.
13 COPPER, as Cu, mg/l 0.05 1.50
Beneficial in human metabolism, deficiency results in nutritional anaemia in infants. Large amounts may result in liver damage, causes central nervous system irritation and depression. Enhances corrosion of Al in water supply systems.
14 SULPHATE, as SO4, mg/l 200 400
Causes gastro-intestinal irritation. Along with Mg or Na can have a cathartic effect. Concentration more than 750 mg/l may have laxative effect.
15 NITRATE, as N, mg/l 45 100
Causes infant methaemoglobinaemia, at very high concentration causes gastric cancer and effects central nervous
102
S. No. Parameters Prescribed limits Probable effects Desirable Permissible
and cardiovascular system.
16 FLUORIDE, as F, mg/l 1.00 1.50 Reduces dental carries, very high concentration may cause crippling skeletal fluorosis.
17 CADMIUM, as Cd, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation
Acute toxicity may be associated with renal, arterial hypertension, itai-itai (bone disease). Cd salts cause cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.
18 LEAD, as Pb, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation
Burning in mouth, severe inflammation of gastro-intestinal tract with vomiting and diarrhoea. Chronic toxicity produces nausea, severe abdominal pain, paralysis, mental confusion, visual disturbances, and anaemia etc.
19 ZINC, as Zn , mg/l 5 15 Essential and beneficial in human metabolism. Imparts astringent taste to water.
20 CHROMIUM, as Cr, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation Cr6+ produces lung tumours, coetaneous and nasal mucous membrane ulcers and dermatitis.
21 ARSENIC, as As, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation Causes skin damage, circulatory problems, and increased risk of skin cancer.
22 ANTIMONY, as Sb, mg/l 0.006 No relaxation Raises blood cholesterol, lowers blood sugar.
23 ALUMINIUM, as Al, mg/l 0.030 0.200 Leads to neurological disorders. 24 BARIUM, as Ba, mg/l 2 No relaxation Increases blood pressure. 25 BERYLLIUM, as Be, mg/l nil 0.0002 Is carcinogenic
26 CYANIDE, as CN, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation Causes nerve damage, thyroid problem.
27 MERCURY, as Hg, mg/l 0.001 No relaxation
Neurological and renal disturbances. Excess causes gonadotoxic and mutagenic effects and disturbs the cholesterol metabolism.
28 MANGANESE, as Mn, mg/l 0.10 0.30
Essential as a cofactor in enzyme systems and metabolism processes. Excessive causes change in appetite and reduction in metabolism of iron to form haemoglobin. Imparts undesirable taste and stains plumbing fixtures and laundry.
29 SELENIUM, as Se, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation Leads to hair, finger loss, and numbness in fingers or toes, circulatory problems.
30 BORON, as B, mg/l 1.00 5.00 Affects central nervous system, salts may cause nausea, cramps, convulsions, coma, etc.
31 ALKALINITY, as CaCO3, 200 600 Imparts unpleasant taste,
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S. No. Parameters Prescribed limits Probable effects Desirable Permissible
mg/l deleterious to humans in presence of high pH, hardness and TDS.
32 PESTICIDES, ug/l nil 0.001
Imparts toxicity, accumulates in different organs of body, and affects immune and nervous systems. Carcinogenic.
33 PHOSPHATE, as PO4, mg/l No guideline
High concentration causes vomiting and diarrhoea stimulates secondary hyperthyroidism and bone loss.
34 SODIUM, as Na, mg/l No guideline Harmful to persons suffering from cardiac, renal and circulatory diseases.
35 POTASSIUM, as K, mg/l No guideline Essential nutrition element but excessive amounts are cathartic.
36 NICKEL, as Ni , mg/l No guideline
Non-toxic element but may be carcinogenic in animals, can react with DNA resulting in DNA damage in animals.
37
PATHOGENS a)TOTAL COLIFORM No/dl b)FAECAL COLIFORM No/dl
1 10
Causes water borne diseases like coliform jaundice; Typhoid, Cholera etc. produces infections involving skin mucous membrane of eyes, ears and throat.
38
RADIOACTIVITY: -BETA PARTICLES -ALPHA PARTICLES -RADIUM
0-4 milligram/year
0-15 picocuries/year 0-05 picocuries/year
Increases risk of cancer.
104
APPENDIX 4.4 : Water Quality Criteria And Standards for Freshwater Classification (CPCB, 1979)
Characteristics A B C D E
Dissolved Oxygen (DO), mg/L, Min 6 5 4 4 -
Biological Oxygen Demand, BOD, mg/L, max
2 3 3 - -
Total Coliform organism **, MPN/100ml, Max 50 500 5000 - -
pH value 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6 – 9 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 Free Ammonia (as N), mg/L, Max - - - 1.2 -
Electrical Conductivity, µmhos/cm, max - - - - 2250
Sodium absorption Ratio - - - - 26 Boron, mg/L, Max - - - - 2
A) Drinking water sources without conventional treatment but after disinfecting B) Outdoor Bathing (organized) C) Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfecting D) Propagation of wildlife, fisheries E) Irrigation, industrial cooling, controlled waste disposal
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Appendix 5.1: Guidelines for Borrow Areas Management
1. SELECTION OF BORROW AREAS Location of borrow areas shall be finalized as per IRC: 10-1961 guidlines. The finalization of locations in case of borrows areas identified in private land shall depend upon the formal agreement between landowners and contractor. If, agreement is not reached between the contractor and landowners for the identified borrow areas sites, arrangement for locating the source of supply of material for embankment and sub-grade as well as compliance to environment requirements in respect of excavation and borrow areas as stipulated from time to time by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, and local bodies, as applicable shall be the sole responsibility of the contractor.
The contractor in addition to the established practices, rules and regulation will also consider following criteria before finalizing the locations.
(1) The borrow area should not be located in agriculture field unless unavoidable i.e. barren land is not available.
(2) The borrow pits preferably should not be located along the roads.
(3) The loss of productive and agriculture soil should be minimum.
(4) The loss of vegetation is almost nil or minimum.
(5) The Contractor will ensure that suitable earth is available.
2. CONTRACTOR’S RESPONSIBILTY The Contractor shall obtain representative samples from each of the identified borrow areas and have these tested at the site laboratory following a testing programme approved by the Engineer. It shall be ensured that the sub-grade material when compacted to the density requirements shall yield the design CBR value of the sub-grade. Contractor shall begin operations keeping in mind following;
(1) Haulage of material to embankments or other areas of fill shall proceed only when sufficient spreading and compaction plants is operating at the place of deposition. (2) No excavated acceptable material other than surplus to requirements of the Contract shall be removed from the site. Contractor should be permitted to remove acceptable material from the site to suit his operational procedure, then shall make consequent deficit of material arising there from. (3) Where the excavation reveals a combination of acceptable and un-acceptable materials, the Contractor shall, unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer, carry out the excavation in such a manner that the acceptable materials are excavated separately for use in the permanent works without contamination by the un-acceptable materials. The acceptable material shall be stockpiled separately. (4) The Contractor shall ensure that he does not adversely affect the stability of excavation or fills by the methods of stockpiling materials, use of plants are siting of temporary buildings or structures.
106
3. BORROWING FROM DIFFERENT LAND-FORMS
A. Borrow Areas located in Agricultural Lands
(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Borrowing of earth will be carried out up to a depth of 1.5m from the existing ground level. (iv) Borrowing of earth will not be done continuously through out the stretch. (v) Ridges of not less than 8m widths will be left at intervals not exceeding 300m. (vi) Small drains will be cut through the ridges, if necessary, to facilitate drainage. (vii) The slope of the edges will be maintained not steeper than 1:4 (vertical: Horizontal). (viii) The depth of borrow pits will not be more than 30 cm after stripping the 15 cm topsoil aside.
B. Borrow Areas located in Elevated Lands
(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) At location where private owners desire their fields to be levelled, the borrowing shall be done to a depth of not more than 1.5m or up to the level of surrounding fields
C. Borrow Areas near River side
(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile.
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(iii) Borrow area near to any surface water body will be at least at a distance of 15m from the toe of the bank or high flood level, whichever is maximum.
D. Borrow Areas near Settlements
(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile.
107
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(iii) Borrow pit location will be located at least 0.75 km from villages and settlements. If un-avoidable, the pit will not be dug for more than 30 cm and drains will be cut to facilitate drainage.
(iv) Borrow pits located in such location will be re-developed immediately after borrowing is completed. If spoils are dumped, that will be covered with a layers of stockpiled topsoil in accordance with compliance requirements with respect MOEF/PPCB guidelines.
E. Borrow Pits along the Road
Borrow pits along the road shall be discouraged and if deemed necessary and permitted by the Engineer; following precautions are recommended
(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile.
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(iii) Ridges of not less than 8m widths should be left at intervals not exceeding 300m.
(iv) Small drains shall be cut through the ridges of facilitate drainage.
(v) The depth of the pits shall be so regulated that there bottom does not cut an imaginary line having a slope of 1 vertical to 4 horizontal projected from the edge of the final section of bank, the maximum depth of any case being limited to 1.5m.
(vi) Also, no pit shall be dug within the offset width from the toe of the embankment required as per the consideration of stability with a minimum width of 10m.
4. REHABILITATION OF BORROW AREAS The objective of the rehabilitation programme is to return the borrow pit sites to a safe and secure area, which the general public should be able to safely enter and enjoy. Securing borrow pits in a stable condition is fundamental requirement of the rehabilitation process. This could be achieved by filling the borrow pit floor to approximately the access road level. Re-development plan shall be prepared by the Contractor before the start of work inline with the owners will require and to the satisfaction of owner. The Borrow Areas shall be rehabilitated as per following;
• Borrow pits shall be backfilled with rejected construction wastes and will be given a vegetative cover. If this is not possible, then excavation sloped will be smoothed and depression will be filled in such a way that it looks more or less like the original round surface.
• Borrow areas might be used for aquaculture in case landowner wants such development. In that case, such borrow area will be
108
photographed after their post use restoration and Environment Expert of Supervision Consultant will certify the post use redevelopment.
The Contractor will keep record of photographs of various stages i.e., before using materials from the location (pre-project), for the period borrowing activities (construction Phase) and after rehabilitation (post development), to ascertain the pre and post borrowing status of the area.
109
APPENDIX 7.1: Environmental Management Plan (SH-2: Bhind-Ater-Porsa 59.95 km)
All activity for supervision is on part of SQC unless involvement of different department Environmental
Issue/ Component Remedial Measure Reference to laws
/guidelines Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
A. Design and Construction Stage 1. Alignment
Pavement damage and inadequate drainage provisions in habitat areas
• Selection of suitable pavement design in habitat areas considering alignment level and drainage
• Raise road level above the nearby areas with provision of adequate side drains to evacuate the rain water and domestic discharges (drained by habitats occasionally) to prevent damage to road and rain water entry to habitats’ houses.
• Provision of adequate no of cross drainage structures based on drainage pattern around the alignment
Design requirement • All habitat areas throughout the alignment
During the design stage
Included in construction cost
Design Consultant
SQC/MPRDC
Safety along the proposed alignment
• Make provisions of crash barriers at accident prone areas
• Provision of rumble strips in habitat areas to regulate speed.
• Provision of retro-reflective warning sign boards nears school, hospital, religious places and forests areas
• Provision of footpaths along the road near habitat areas, school, hospital, religious places and forests
• Compliance with norms specified in IRC codes for state highway for curvature and grading
Design requirement
• Crash barriers are proposed at the following chainages along the project corridor
Left Side Right Side From To From To
Bhind - Ater-Porsa 7/20 7/50 8/64 8/67 7/51 7/60 8/98 9/01 8/64 8/67 18/57 18/63 8/98 9/03 28/65 28/71 28/07 28/13 35/53 35/60 35/53 35/58 35/67 35/72 35/67 35/72 42/97 43/00 42/97 43/00 45/90 46/01 45/90 46/01 46/03 46/10 46/03 46/08 55/65 55/72
During the design stage
Included in construction cost
Design Consultant
SQC/MPRDC
110
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
• Provision of safety kerb with footpath at all bridges
• The design should attempt to equalize cut and fill. The centerline should be aligned so that on all slopes below 60 degrees, half cut and half fill can be achieved.
• Minimize the cutting in hill areas. Incorporate slope stabilization measures to prevent any land slide situation.
•
55/65 55/72 0/00 0/00 Bhind Town Re-alignment
0/00 0/90 - - • Rumble strips are proposed at
the following locations – Bhind, Para, Porsa, Rajaudha, Ater, Dhaka etc.
2. Natural Hazards Protection from
damage from Earthquake
• Design considering the earthquake potential though the area falls under low earthquake intensity of 2/3
IRC:34 Recommendations for road construction in waterlogged area and IRC: 75 and MOSRTH guidelines for Design of High Embankments
Throughout the stretch Design Stage
Project preparation Cost
Design Consultant
SQC/MPRDC
3. Weather Conditions and Air Quality Local Weather
conditions • Geometric adjustment to reduce
tree cutting. • Compensatory tree Plantation
(1:5) • Additional Plantation on river
banks, borrow areas and sensitive locations to increase the green cover and improve the aesthetics
Kyoto Protocol, Environmental Protection Act, 1986; The Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981 +
IRC and
Throughout project corridor, mainly at level crossings, haulage roads, earthwork, construction sites, loading areas, storage areas, transport route.
Design and Construction stage During the Construction stage
Road Side Plantations +Additional Plantation cost8
Design Consultant and Contractor
=10.1 Million (@1200/tree)
SQC /MPRDC
8The total no. trees likely to be cut are estimated to be 268. Compensatory afforestation norm is 1:5. Hence, 1340 trees have to be planted in lieu of compensatory plantation. Project has the provision of planting trees on both sides of the road. As per IRC SP: 21 specifications, 85 trees per km have been proposed (with spacing of 12 m). The total no. of trees likely to be planted along roadside is 8440. Besides, additional plantation of 2000 trees has been proposed on river banks and Multilayered plantation near sensitive locations.
111
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
Poor air quality due to compromise in design
• Road design and Pavement roughness as per IRC specifications.
• congestion free movement of traffic with provision of junctions at major intersections
• Plantation of pollutant absorbing trees.
MORTH Specifications for Road and Bridge
works Air (P and CP) Act 1974 and
Central Motor and Vehicle
Act 1988
Included in project cost
Design Consultant and Contractor
SQC/MPRDC
Dust Generation due to construction activities and transport, storage and handling of construction materials
• Transport, loading and unloading of loose and fine materials through covered vehicles.
• Paved approach roads. • Storage areas to be located
downwind of the habitation area. • Water spraying on earthworks,
unpaved haulage roads and other dust prone areas.
• Provision of PPEs to workers.
SQC/MPRDC
Emission from vehicle, equipment and machinery
• Regular maintenance of machinery and equipment.
• Batching, asphalt mixing plants and crushers at downwind (1km) direction from the nearest settlement.
• Only crushers licensed by the PCB shall be used
• DG sets with stacks of adequate height and use of low sulphur diesel as fuel.
• ambient air quality monitoring
Asphalt mixing plants, crushers, DG sets locations
During the Construction stage
Included in project cost Included in monitoring cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
4. Noise Noise from
construction vehicle, equipment and machinery.
• All equipment to be timely serviced and properly maintained.
• Bottlenecks to be removed. • Construction equipment and
Legal requirement Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and amendments
Throughout project section especially at construction sites, residential areas and identified sensitive locations
During the Construction stage
Cost for Plantation already indicated above.
Contractor
SQC/MPRDC
112
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
machinery to be fitted with silencers and maintained properly.
• Timing of noisy construction activities shall be done during night time and weekends when there are no activities by the sensitive receptor, concurrent noisy operations may be separated to reduce the total noise generated, and if possible re-route traffic during construction to avoid the accumulation of noise beyond standards. Else provision of temporary noise barrier at sensitive locations or near sources.
• Time regulation near residential areas and other noise sensitive areas.
• Initiation of multi layered plantation, to serve as mitigation option for operation phase
• Honking restrictions near sensitive areas
• PPEs to workers • Noise monitoring as per EMoP.
thereof +
Clause No 501.8.6. MoSRTH
Specifications for Road and Bridge
works
Monitoring Cost as indicated In EMoP.
5. Land and Soil Land use
Change and Loss of productive/top soil
• For construction non-agricultural areas to be used as borrow areas.
• If using agricultural land, top soil to be preserved and laid over either on the embankment slope for growing vegetation to protect soil erosion.
Project requirement Throughout the project section and borrow areas
During design and construction Stage
Included in construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
113
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
• Slope protection
and Soil erosion due to construction activities, earthwork, and cut and fill etc.
• Bio-turfing of embankments to protect slopes.
• Slope protection by providing frames, dry stone pitching, masonry retaining walls, planting of grass and trees.
• The side slopes of all cut and fill areas will be graded and covered with stone pitching, grass and shrub as per design specifications.
IRC: 56 -1974 recommended
practice for treatment of
embankment slopes for erosion control
Clause No. 306 and 305.2.2
MoSRTH Specifications for Road and Bridge
works Guidelines IX for
Soil erosion
Throughout the stretch especially along hilly areas
Design and construction stage
Construction cost
Design consultant and Contractor,
SQC/MPRDC
Soil erosion at earth stockpiles
• The earth stockpiles to be provided with gentle slopes to prevent soil erosion.
At earth stockpiles Design and construction stage
Construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
Borrow areas • Non-productive, barren lands, upland shall be used for borrowing earth with the necessary permissions/consents.
• Depths of borrow pits to be regulated.
• Topsoil to be stockpiled and protected for use at the rehabilitation stage.
• Transportation of earth materials through covered vehicles.
• IRC recommended practice for borrow pits (IRC 10: 1961).
• Borrow areas not to be dug continuously.
• To the extent borrow areas shall be sited away from habited areas. Borrow areas shall be leveled with salvaged material or other filling materials which do not pose contamination of soil.
IRC Guidelines on borrow areas and for quarries (Environmental Protection Act and Rules, 1986; Water Act, Air Act) + Clause No. 305.2.2 MoSRTH
Specifications for Road and Bridge
works Guidelines V for Borrow Areas Management
Borrow sites location.
During Design and construction Stage
Construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
114
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
Else, it shall be converted into fishpond in consultation with fishery department and land owner/community. Rehabilitation of the borrow areas as per Guidelines for redevelopment of Borrow Areas.
Quarry Operations
• Aggregates will be sourced from existing licensed quarries.
• Copies of consent/ approval / rehabilitation plan for a new quarry or use of existing source will be submitted to EO, MPRDC.
• The contractor will develop a Quarry Redevelopment plan, as per the Mining Rules of the state and submit a copy of the approval to EA.
• .
Clause No. 111.3 MoSRTH Specifications for Road and Bridge works Guidelines VI for Quarry Areas Management
Compaction of soil and impact on quarry haul roads due to movement of vehicles and equipments
• Construction vehicles, machinery, and equipment to be stationed in the designated ROW to avoid compaction.
• Approach roads/haulage roads shall be designed along the barren and hard soil area to reduce the compaction.
• Transportation of quarry material to the dumping site through heavy vehicles shall be done through existing major roads to the extent possible to restrict wear and tear to the village/minor roads.
• Land taken for construction camp and other temporary facility shall be restored to its original conditions.
Design requirement
Parking areas, Haulage roads and construction yards.
Just before commencement of construction
Included in construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
115
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
Contamination of soil due to leakage/spillage of oil, bituminous and non bituminous debris generated from demolition and road construction
• Construction vehicles and equipment will be maintained and refueled in such a fashion that oil/diesel spillage does not contaminate the soil.
• Fuel storage and refueling sites to be kept away from drainage channels.
• Unusable debris shall be dumped in ditches and low lying areas.
• Waste oil and oil soaked cotton/ cloth shall be stored in containers labeled ‘Waste Oil’ and ‘Hazardous’ sold off to MoEF/SPCB authorized vendors
• Non-bituminous wastes to be dumped in borrow pits with the concurrence of landowner and covered with a layer of topsoil conserved from opening the pit.
• Bituminous wastes will be disposed off in an identified dumping site approved by the State Pollution Control Board
• Soil quality monitoring
Design requirement
Fuelling station, construction sites, and construction camps and disposal location.
Just before commencement of construction
Monitoring Cost Included in EMoP
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
6. Water Resources Construction
water
• Provisions shall be made to connect road side drains with exiting nearby ponds otherwise make provision of water harvesting pits intermittently.
Clause No. 1010 EP Act 1986 MoSRTH Specifications for Road and Bridge
works
Throughout the Project section
During Construction stage
Included in construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
116
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
Alteration in surface water hydrology due to embankment
• Existing drainage system to be maintained and further enhanced.
• Provision shall be made for adequate size and number of cross drainage structures.
• Road level shall be raised above HFL level wherever road level is lesser than HFL.
Design requirement, Clause No 501.8.6. MoSRTH Specifications for Road and Bridge
Near all drainage channels, river crossings etc.
During Construction stage
Included in construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
Siltation in water bodies due to construction activities/
earthwork
• Embankment slopes to be modified suitably to restrict the soil debris entering water bodies.
• Provision of Silt fencing shall be made at water bodies.
• Silt/sediment should be collected and stockpiled for possible reuse as surfacing of slopes where they have to be re-vegetated.
• Earthworks and stone works to be prevented from impeding natural flow of rivers, streams and water canals or existing drainage system.
Design requirement , Clause No 501.8.6. MoSRTH Specifications for Road and Bridge works (CP and CP) and worldwide best practices
Near all river water bodies, embankment slopes.
During Construction stage
Included in construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
Deterioration in Surface water quality due to leakage from vehicles and equipments.
• No vehicles or equipment should be parked or refuelled near water-bodies, so as to avoid contamination from fuel and lubricants.
• Oil and grease traps and fuelling platforms to be provided at re-fuelling locations.
• All chemicals and oil shall be stored away from water and concreted platform with catchment pit for spills collection.
• All equipment operators, drivers, and warehouse personnel will be
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and amendments thereof.
Water bodies, refueling stations, construction camps.
During Construction Stage
Construction cost Monitoring cost as indicated in EMoP
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
117
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
trained in immediate response for spill containment and eventual cleanup. Readily available, simple to understand and preferably written in the local language emergency response procedure, including reporting, will be provided by the contractors
• Construction camp to be sited away from water bodies.
• Wastes must be collected, stored and taken to approve disposal site only.
• Water quality shall be monitored periodically.
7. Flora and Fauna Vegetation loss
due to site preparation and construction activities and
Plantation Strategy
• Suitable modifications in design to minimize tree cutting.
• Roadside trees to be removed with prior approval of competent authority.
• Compensatory plantation at 1:5 basis
• Provision of LPG in construction camp as fuel source to avoid tree cutting, if possible.
• Plantation of trees on both sides of the road. Integrate vegetation management (IVM) with the carriage way completely clear of vegetation. From the edge of the road to the boundary of ROW, vegetation structured with smaller plants near the line and larger trees further away to avoid costly and provide habitats for a
Forest Conservation Act 1980 + IRC SP: 21 and IRC SP:66
Throughout project corridor
During the design and Construction stage
Indicated above
MPRDC through competent authority
SQC/MPRDC
118
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
wide variety of plants and animals. Additional plantation near river banks to check erosion (not possible during construction stage).
• In the event of design changes during the construction stages additional assessments including the possibility to save trees shall be made by the EA.
• Road side Plantation Strategy as per IRC specifications including manuring.
• Control use of pesticides/manure 8. Construction Camps Impact associated
with location • All camps should maintain
minimum distance from following:
# 500 m from habitation # 1000m from forest areas # 500 m from water bodies # 500 m from through traffic route • The camps should be located at
an average distance of 50 km
Design Requirement
All construction camps During Construction stage
Included in construction cost
Contractor and EO
SQC/MPRDC
119
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
worker’s Health in construction camp
• The location, layout and basic facility provision of each labor camp will be submitted to SQC prior to their construction. The construction shall commence only after approval of SQC.
• The contractor will maintain necessary living accommodation and ancillary facilities in functional and hygienic manner as approved by the EA.
• Preventive medical care to be provided to workers.
• Disposal of solid waste on regular basis at identified locations.
• The Contractor will take all precautions to protect the workers from insect and pest to reduce the risk to health. This includes the use of insecticides which should comply with local regulations.
• No alcoholic liquor or prohibited drugs will be imported to, sell, give, barter to the workers of host community.
• Provision of day crèche for children
• Recreation and sporting facilities for the staff and workers.
• Immunization to immigrant workers/local community against communicable and sexually transmitted diseases.
The Building and Other Construction workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act 1996 and The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and amendments thereof
All construction camps During construction stage
Part of the Contract
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
8. Management of Construction Waste/Dismantled Debris
120
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
Selection of Dumping Sites
• Unproductive/wastelands shall be selected for dumping sites.
• Away from residential areas and water bodies
• Dumping sites have adequate capacity equal to the amount of debris generated.
• Public perception and consent from the village Panchayats has to be obtained before finalizing the location.
Design Requirement and MoSRTH guidelines
At all Dumping Sites Construction
Part of the contract
Contractor. SQC/MPRDC
121
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
Reuse and disposal of construction and dismantled waste
• The existing bitumen surface shall be utilized for paving of cross roads, access roads, and paving works in construction sites and camps, temporary traffic diversions, and haulage routes.
• All excavated materials from roadway, shoulders, verges, drains, cross drainage will be used for backfilling embankments, filling pits, and landscaping.
• Unusable debris material should be suitably disposed off at pre-designated disposal locations, with approval of the concerned authority. The bituminous wastes shall be disposed in secure landfill sites only in environmentally accepted manner. For removal of debris, wastes and its disposal MOSRTH guidelines should be followed.
• Unusable and surplus materials, as determined by the Project Engineer, will be removed and disposed off-site.
• 8. Accessibility, Traffic Management, Accident and Safety Risks
Design requirement and Traffic Planning During Construction Stage
• Temporary traffic diversion shall be planned by the contractor and approved by the ‘Engineer’.
• The traffic control plans shall contain details of diversions; traffic safety arrangements during construction; safety
Design requirement and IRC SP:55
Throughout the project corridor especially at intersections.
During construction stage
Project preparation and construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
122
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
measures for nighttime traffic and precautions for transportation of hazardous materials. Traffic control plans shall be prepared in line with requirements of IRC’s SP 55 document’.
• The Contractor will ensure that the diversion/detour is always maintained in running condition, particularly during the monsoon to avoid disruption to traffic flow.
• On stretches where it is not possible to pass the traffic on the part width of existing carriageway, temporary paved diversions will be constructed.
• The contractor shall inform local community of changes to traffic routes, and pedestrian access arrangements with assistance from “Engineer”.
• Use of adequate signages to ensure traffic management and safety. Conduct of regular safety audit on safety measures.
Pedestrians, animal and Vehicular movement,
• All measures for the safety of traffic during construction viz. signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as proposed in the Traffic Control Plan/Drawings shall be taken.
• Temporary access and diversion, with proper drainage facilities.
• Access facility to the schools located adjacent to the highway.
• Provision of service roads, underpasses near built-up areas.
Design requirement and • IRC: SP: 27 -
1984 Report Containing Recommendations of IRC Regional Workshops on Highway Safety
• IRC:SP: 32 -1988 Road Safety for Children (5-12 Years Old)
Near habitation on both sides of schools, temples, hospitals, graveyards, construction sites, haulage roads, diversion sites. Some of the specific locations are: at chainages 0.29, 1.63, 3.45, 10.95, 10.99, 26.00-27.8 etc.
Included in construction cost.
Contractor in
consultation with Forest department
and MPRDC
SQC/MPRDC
123
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
Else the cross drainage structures at select locations in high embankment areas can be made suitable for crossing over facilities
• Fencing wherever cattle movement is expected. To avoid the need for cattle underpasses, some of the proposed culverts `near habitations may be widened to facilitate cattle movement.
• IRC:SP: 44 -1994 Highway Safety Code
• IRC: SP: 55 -2001 Guidelines for Safety in Construction Zones
• The Building and other Construction workers Act 1996 and Cess Act of 1996
• Factories Act 1948
Accident risk from construction activities
• Contractors to adopt and maintain safe working practices.
• Usage of fluorescent and retroflectory signage, in local language at the construction sites
• Training to workers on safety procedures and precautions.
• Mandatory appoint of safety officer.
• All regulations regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress shall be complied with.
• Provision of PPEs to workers. • Provision of a readily available
first aid unit including an adequate supply of dressing materials, ambulance, nursing staff, and doctor to be provided.
• The contractor will not employ any person below the age of 14 years for any work and no woman will be employed on the
Construction sites Construction period
Included in construction cost
Obligation of Contractor
SQC/MPRDC
124
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
work of painting with products containing lead in any form.
9. Common Property Resources and other Utilities Avoidance of
CPRs • Realignment near all CPRs
wherever it is technically feasible.
Project requirement Specifically at the following chainages – 0.29, 1.63, 3.45, 10.95, 10.99, 26.00-27.8 etc.
Design Phase
Construction cost
Design Consultant
SQC/MPRDC
Utilities
• All telephone and electrical poles/wires and underground cables should be shifted to avoid any such hazard
Project requirement Throughout the corridor Before Construction
Included in construction / R and R cost.
Contractor/SQC
SQC/MPRDC
10. Enhancement Measures Environmental
enhancement along the corridor
• Enhancement of tree plantations near likely to be relocated community structures/ landscaping etc.
• Enhancement/rehabilitation of borrow areas etc.
Environmental Enhancement as part of project requirement
Throughout the corridor Design and Construction Stage
Construction cost
Contractor SQC/MPRDC
11. Contractor Demobilization
125
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
Clean-up Operations, Restoration and Rehabilitation
• Contractor will prepare site restoration plans, which will be approved by the ‘Engineer’. The clean-up and restoration operations are to be implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization.
• All construction zones including river-beds, culverts, road-side areas, camps, hot mix plant sites, crushers, batching plant sites and any other area used/affected by the project will be left clean and tidy, at the contractor's expense, to the satisfaction of the Environmental officer .All the opened borrow areas will be rehabilitated .and ‘Engineer’ will certify in this regard.
Project requirement Throughout the Corridor and borrow areas
Immediately after Construction
---- Contractor SQC/MPRDC
B. Operation Stage 1. Climate and Air quality
Air pollution due to due to vehicular movement
• Roadside tree plantations shall be maintained.
• Regular maintenance of the road will be done to ensure good surface condition
• Vehicular air pollution will be managed and monitored at the toll plazas.
• .Ambient air quality monitoring. If monitored parameters are above the prescribed limit, suitable control measures must be taken.
• Technological and behavioral changes
• Road signs shall be provided
Environmental Protection Act, 1986; The Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981
Throughout the Corridor Throughout operation period
Indicated In EMoP
SQC/MPRDC
126
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
reminding the motorist to properly maintain their vehicles to economize on fuel consumption and protect the environment.
2. Noise Environment Noise due to
movement of traffic
• Effective traffic management and good riding conditions shall be maintained to reduce the noise level throughout the stretch and speed limitation and honking restrictions may be enforced near sensitive locations.
• The effectiveness of the multilayered plantation should be monitored and if need be, solid noise barrier shall be placed.
• Create awareness amongst the residents about likely noise levels from road operation at different distances, the safe ambient noise limits and easy to implement noise reduction measures while constructing a building close to the road.
Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and amendments thereof
Noise sensitive areas such as at chainages 0.29, 1.63, 3.45, 10.95, 10.99, 26.00-27.8 etc.
Throughout operation period
Included in additional plantation cost.
SQC/MPRDC
3. Land and Soil Soil erosion at
embankment during heavy rain fall.
• Periodic checking to be carried to assess the effectiveness of the stabilization measures viz. turfing, stone pitching, river training structures etc.
Project requirement At bridge locations and embankment slopes and other probable soil erosion areas.
Throughout operation period
Included in Operation/ Maintenance cost
SQC/MPRDC
Soil erosion at borrow areas
• Visual monitoring and inspection of soil erosion at
Project requirement At bridge locations and embankment slopes and other
Throughout
Included in Operation/
SQC/MPRDC
127
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
borrow areas, quarries (if closed and rehabilitated), embankments and other places expected to be affected, will be carried out once in every three months as suggested in monitoring plan.
probable soil erosion areas. operation period
Maintenance cost
4. Water Resources Contamination of
surface water quality due to leakage of oil
• Monitoring of surface water bodies
Near Kwari River Indicated in EMoP
SQC/MPRDC
Siltation • Regular visual checks shall be made to observe any incidence of blockade of drains/culverts. Regular checks shall be made for soil erosion and turfing conditions of river training structures for its effective maintenance. . .
Water logging due to blockade of streams
• Regular checks shall be done along the alignment to ensure that flow of water is maintained through crossdrains and other channels/streams.
• Monitoring of water borne diseases due to stagnant water bodies
Throughout the corridor
5. Flora and Fauna
Vegetation • Planted trees, shrubs, and grasses to be properly maintained.
• The tree survivalist audit to be conducted at least once in a year to assess the effectiveness
• Provision of box culvert of 2.5
Forest Conservation Act 1980
At chainage 26.00 to 27.80 During whole operation period
Indicated in Monitoring cost in EMoP
SQC/MPRDC
128
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
m height shall be made to provide safe passage to animals if any crosses the road.
6. Flooding/ inundation Road inundation
due to choking of drainage channels
• MPRDC will ensure that all drains (side drains and all cross drainages) are periodically cleared especially before monsoon season to facilitate the quick passage of rainwater and avoid flooding.
Project operation requirement
Particularly near low lying areas especially near Ater.
During whole operation period
Overall Operation cost
SQC/MPRDC
7. Right-of-Way Maintenance Accident Risk due
to uncontrolled growth of vegetation
• The construction site shall be kept completely clear of vegetation.
• Regular maintenance of plantation
• Invasive plant not to be planted near the road.
• Controlled use of herbicide/pesticide
• The designated ROW shall be maintained free of any encroachment.
Project requirement Throughout the Project route During whole operation period.
Included in operation/ Maintenance cost
SQC/MPRDC
8. Accidents and Safety Accident risks
associated with traffic movement.
• Traffic control measures, including speed limits, will be enforced strictly.
• Further encroachment and squatting within the ROW will be prevented.
• No school or hospital will be allowed to be established within 100 m of the highway without permission from the planning authorities.
IRC:SP:55 Throughout the Project route During whole operation period.
Included in operation/ Maintenance cost
SQC/MPRDC
129
Environmental Issue/ Component
Remedial Measure Reference to laws /guidelines
Approximate Location
Time Frame
Mitigation Cost
Institutional Responsibility Implementati
on Supervision
• Monitor/ensure that all safety provisions included in design and construction phase are properly maintained
• Highway patrol unit(s) for round the clock patrolling. Phone booths for accidental reporting and ambulance services with minimum response time for rescue of any accident victims.
• Tow-away facility for the break down vehicles.
• Coordination with operating agency of intersecting National Highways to have common facilities and share the costs as appropriate.
Transport of Dangerous Goods
• Preparation of spill prevention and control and emergency preparedness and responsive plans based on an analysis of hazards, implementation of presentation and control measures.
Throughout the project stretch Included in operation/ Maintenance cost.
SQC/MPRDC
9. Monitoring Operation Performance Monitoring
Operation Performance
• Monitor the operational performance of the mitigation/ enhancement measures carried out as a part of the project
• The indicators selected for monitoring include the survival rate of trees; utility of enhancement provision, status of rehabilitation of borrow areas, Air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality, drainage pattern, etc.
Throughout the corridor Included in EMoP
SQC/MPRDC
EA: Executing Agency, MPRDC: Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation, SQC: Supervision Quality Controller, EO: Environmental Officer, IRC: Indian Road Congress
130
APPENDIX 7.2 : Monitoring Plan for the Performance Indicators Env.
Indicators
Project Stage Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Frequency
and Duration Standards Approximate cost (Rs) Implementation Supervision
Air Quality
Construction stage
SPM, RSPM, SO2,
NOX, CO, HC
High volume sampler to be located 50 m from the plant in the downwind direction. Use method specified by CPCB for analysis
Hot mix plants, stone crushers and construction/ earthwork sites and as suggested by SQC
(Total 6 Locations)
24 hr continuous, 3/year for 3
years
NAAQS 6x5000x3x3 =Rs. 2,70,000
Contractor through approved
monitoring agency
SQC
Operation stage
High volume sampler to be located 50 m from the selected locations in the downwind direction. Use method specified by CPCB for analysis
Major Road Intersections and Residential area
(6 Locations)
24 hr continuous, 3/year for 1
year
NAAQS 6X5000x3X1 =Rs 90,000
SQC through approved monitoring
agency
SQC
Water Quality
Construction stage
Ground water: (IS:
10500:1991) and
Surface water for
Class D and Class E as Prescribed by CPCB and for
vector borne diseases
Grab sample collected from source and analyze as per Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater
Groundwater at Construction Camps/site and Surface water at and downstream of river Kwari and any large pond located close to the alignment being used by local community.
3/year for 3 years CPCB 6x 4000x3X3
=Rs 216, 000
Contractor through approved
monitoring agency
SQC
Operation stage
Groundwater at 2 locations and Surface water sample of river Kwari (downstream of bridge Location) and stagnant water bodies developed due to borrow areas
3/year for 1 year CPCB 6X3x4000
=Rs 72, 000
EO through approved monitoring
agency
SQC
Siltation in Water Bodies
Construction Visual Checks for presence of
construction debris/waste and blockade of drainage channels
All rivers/streams/drainage channels and major water bodies along the stretch
Once during rainy seasons
of the construction
period.
Guidelines from water resources
department
Routine work of Engineering
Team Contractor SQC
131
Env. Indicator
s
Project Stage Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Frequency
and Duration Standards Approximate cost (Rs) Implementation Supervision
Operation Once during operation of
1st year
Guidelines from water resources
department
Routine work of Engineering
Team
EO, with support of Water Resource
Department
SQC
Noise levels
Construction stage Equivalent
Noise levels on dB (A)
scale for day and night
Free field at 1 m from the equipment whose noise levels are being determined.
Construction sites, major road intersections and 1 each at residential, commercial and sensitive locations along the alignment.
(10 Locations)
24 hr continuous, 3*/year for 3
years
MoEF
10x1500x3x3 =Rs. 1,35,000
SQC SQC
Operation stage
Equivalent Noise levels using an integrated noise level meter kept at a distance of 15 m from edge of Pavement
Near residential, commercial and silence zone.
(6 Locations)
3 / year for 1 year
6x3000x3X1 =Rs 54, 000 SQC SQC
Soil Quality
Construction Stage
NPK (ICAR standard ) and heavy metals for dredging
sites
As specified by the site engineer MPRDC/SQC
agricultural land and HMP sites
Once during whole
construction stage
CPCB and NPK as per
ICAR standard
12,000 SQC SQC
Operation stage
Oil and grease
At oil spillage locations and other probable soil contamination location
Once for the first year of operation
CPCB 12,000 SQC SQC
Soil Erosion
Construction Stage Visual check
for Soil erosion and
siltation
Throughout the project corridor especially at River banks, bridge locations structures
After first rain Visual Checks
Part of routine action of
engineering team
Contractor MPRDC
Operation Stage
Once during operation of
1st year
Visual Checks
Part of routine action of
engineering team
Engineering Team of MPRDC
Drainage Congesti
on
Construction stage Visual Checks
Throughout the Project Corridor especially at probable drainage congestion areas as described in IEE
Once in a year before
rainy season
None Specific
Part of routine action of
engineering team
Contractor’s Engineering Team SQC
132
Env. Indicator
s
Project Stage Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Frequency
and Duration Standards Approximate cost (Rs) Implementation Supervision
Operation Stage
Once in a year before
rainy season for 3 yrs
None Specific
Part of routine action of
engineering team
MPRDC Engineering Team
Borrow Areas
Construction Stage
Visual Checks
Identification of borrow areas as per IEE
Borrow areas to be operated Once in a month
IRC guidelines and Best Practices for Borrow
area operation
Part of the Contract
Contractor with approval from
MPRDC SQC
Operation Stage
Visual Checks
Rehabilitation as recommended in IEE Closed Borrow Areas Quarterly for 1
year
Borrow Area
rehabilitation Plan
MPRDC
Construction
Sites and Labour Camp
Construction stage
Storage Area,
Construction Sites for Hygiene, drainage Medical Facilities
Etc.
Rapid audit as per reporting format Construction Sites and Camp
Quarterly during
construction period
IRC guidelines and to the
satisfaction of SQC
Part of the regular
monitoring
Contractor with approval from E.O., MPRDC
SQC
Tree
Plantation
Construction Stage
Surveillance monitoring of trees felling
Throughout the Project Section
During site clearance in construction
phase As suggested by Forest
Dept.
Included in overall
plantation Cost
SQC/Local Forest Departments
Operation stage
Audit for survival rate of trees plantation
Throughout the Project Section
Once in a year for years
The Engineer will be responsible for monitoring upto the Defect
Liability Period in any particular stretch. After this period the SQC will be responsible for monitoring
Monitoring Costs: INR 0.86 Million MPRDC – Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation Limited, EO: Environmental Officer, SQC-Supervision Quality Controller; IS - India standard; NOx - Nitrogen Oxide; Pb - Plumbum, (lead); RPM - Respirable Particulate Matter; SO2 - Sulfur Dioxide; SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter, HC- Hydrocarbon, CO- Carbon monoxide