Nghien cii'u Ton giao

So 05 (131), 2014, 3-18 GHOLAMHOSSEIN ZADEH* VO TH| THANH P H U O N G "

KHOA HOC VA NIEM TIN

TRONG HUYEN HOC ISLAM GIAO

Tdm tdt: Bdi viet tap trung gidi thich nwl so vdn de cdn ma hd lien quan den khaa beic, niem tin vd mat quan be glira hai quan mem Irong triel hgc huyen hgc islam gido. ddc biel Id cdc chu de xoay quanh khoa bejc Idm linh (elm hiiien) vd khoa hgc be dien (elm zdhery) Bdng nhimg cdu chuyen. nhirng vdn tha cita cdc Sufi ndi lieng, bdi viet cd gdng gidi ihich meii cdch dim gidn nhdt nhimg kbdi niem pbuc tap ndv.

Td khod: Khoa be>c vd niem lin. bitye^n hgc Ldeim gido. Nhd lien tri Mohammad.

l . M d d ^ u

Trong Islam giao, khoa hpc cd mpt vj tri quan trpng khdng the phii

nhan, bang chung Id nhu'ng thanh tyu ma cac nhfl khoa hpc Islam giao dfl

cdng hien cho loai ngudi. Nha lien tri Mohammad tung ndi. the gidi nay

khdng tuai dep. nd gidng nhu ngdi nha khdng vdt dung, gidng mot cai

trdng keu lo md ben trong trdng rong. Thupng De khi sdng tao the gidi

chi xem trpng ba thu: thu nhdt la nhung ai ludn ghi nhd den Ngudi. thodt

ra khdi the gidi vd vj de lien den gdn vd hda nhap vdi Ngudi; thu hai Id

cac nha khoa hpc, bdi hp Id ngpn den cfla nhdn toai. Ifl ngpn lua thieu rui

ke thu; ihu ba la hpc sinh. sinh vien. nhQng ngudi di tren con dudng nhan

thue, con dudng tim kiem. Vi the. cac thien than iral rdng ddi cdnh che

chd va bdo ve nhung ngudi theo dudi khoa hpc'.

Rd rang khoa hpc ludn dugc khuyen khich trong the gidi Islam giao,

nhung la thay, rat nhieu Sufi lal phfl nhan khoa hpc. Hp cho rang, khoa

hpc khdng dan con ngudi den mpt ket qud Idt dep. Khoa hpc vd niem tin

khdng the dung canh nhau. Bdi vi, niem lin den lu trai llm, cdn khoa hpc

' TS.. Trudng Dai hpc Tarbiat Modarres. Tehran, Iran. " NCS.. Tru6ng Dai hpc Tarbiai Modarres. Tehran. Iran.

4 Nghien cuU Tdn giao. 565 - 2014

id nhung ludn chung va iranh cfli thudc ve tr i lue. Trdi t im va tri tue

thudng di nguge chidu nhau.

Mdt d i l u edn b i l l la huydn hpc lay cam hung tu Kmb Qur em. Chinh

nhung doan kinh ndi t ieng da ihdp ldn ngpn lua huyen hpc: "Thugng De

Id dnh sang cfla bau trdi va mat ddt. Cau chuyen v l dnh ,sang cua Ngirdi

gidng nhu mdt hdc tudng trong dd cd ngpn den. Ngpn den dat giua tam

thfly t inh vd lam thuy t inh tda sdng rye rd . Anh sang khoi len t u edy oliu

dugc ban phudc ma chdng d Phucmg Ddng cung chflng d Phuong Tay.

Ddu cua nd thfip sang ca the g ld l , dii khong cd bai cu mot ngpn lu'a nao

cham vdo. Anh .sang chdng chdt anh sang. Thugng Oc dung dnh sang cua

minh dt dan dflt bat cu ai Ngfl i muon. Thugng Oe neu nhung v i du nay

cho loai ngudi. Ngdi thdu hieu mpi viec"".

V i Ihe, dfl huyen hpc, nhu cdi len cita nd, mang nhieu dicu khd gldl

thich. nhung chflc chfin cflc Sufi theo i rudng phai nay khdng the quay

lung vd di ngupc lai Kinb Our 'an. dudng ldi cfla Nha ticn tri

Mohammad.

M p i dieu thil vi Id, hau hel Sutl irudc khi budc chan vao huyen htic

deu Id nhiJng nhd triet hpc ndi tieng. da tung nghien cuu khoa hpc. Vi

vay, cau hot dfll ra la. lieu hp cd that sy phfl nhdn khoa hpc khi phu nhan

vd chdi bd khoa hpc td chdng ddi Thugng De - Odng Tdi cao. chdng ddi

Qw 'an - quyen sdch Thanh, di ngugc lai giao hudn Iruyen thdng.

Ve mat dinh nghTa. niem tin vd khoa hcic khong he cd mdi lien he.

nhung ve ban chai. hai khfli niem nay lieu cd ddi nghich nhau? Quan

diem thuc sy cua cac Sufi ve khoa hpc vd niem tin dugc hieu nhu the

ndo? De ed the tra Idi cdc cau hdi tren. cdch lot nhdl la lien he vdi the gidi

quan cfla Sufi thdng qua cflc tfle pham va cdu chuyen mang day mau sac

bi an. nhung vd cung thu v j . V i the. bai v iel nay tap Irung giai thi'ch: the

gidi quan cfla huyen hpc Islam giao. khoa hpc be dien (elm e zflhery) va

khoa hpc ldm Hnh (elm e bfllen). quan dicm cua cac Sufi ve khoa hpc be

dien. khoa hpc lam l inh trong con mat cfla cflc Suf i , khoa hpc vd flng

dung, niem tin ton giao trong huyen hpc.

2. The g io i quan cua huyen hpc Is lam giao

Huyen hpc la su nhdn bicl ban ihdn, the gidi va Thugng De. Ndi each

khdc. huyen hpc la sy thanh lpc ham mudn vdt chat dya tren ludt Islam

giao va ihdng qua con dudng lu hdnh thodt lyc de dal canh g id i iam linh

Gholamhossein Zadeh, Vu Thi Thanh Phfldng. Khoa hoc... 5

va eudi cflng la hda nhap vdi Odng Tdi cao. Ndi chung. con dudng lu hdnh thoat tyc gdm tdm budc: 1/ Thuc tinh. 2/ Khao khat vd mong muon lim kiem Ngudi. 3/ Xda bd due vpng, 4/ Thdm nhdp khdng gian huyen bi. 5/ Tinh ydu vdi Thuang Dl, 6/ Say ddm vd sflng sol trong linh yeu vdi Thugng Dd. 7/ Tan bien trong Thugng Ol vd ton tai tu Thugng Dt^. 8/ Thugng Dc tdi cao va duy nhdl"".

Tren eon dudng tu hdnh nay. cflt dut mpi le thupc la dieu ludn dupc eac Sufi nhdn manh. Bdi vi, ihco le ty nhien, eon ngudi khi yeu thich mpt thu gi do se rai khd de lu bd nd, Hp ludn mong mudn cd dupe nd. ma vc nd vd ao udc chiiim huu nd. Theo cac nhd lu hanh Irudng phai huyen hpc. nhung mong mudn ndy se Irdi bupc eon ngudi. vfli hp trong vyc sflu cfla tham vpng, nhuc due.

Mpt dieu quan trpng khflc can chu trpng khi nhfic den huyen hpc Id su de cao cdm nhan va nhan thflc bang con tim. Sy that, nhilu vfln de lam linh khdng the chung minh bang djnh ly. edng thuc loan hpc hay bflt cir cdng cy lien quan den khoa hpc. nhung vdn thuc sy tdn lal va trai tim cua chung ta mach bdu rflng chimg ton tai. Huyen hpc Islam giao de cao nhan thirc va nhin nhdn Thugng De bflng Irai tim chir khdng phai cac phep bicn chung triet hpc.

3. Khoa hpc be dien vd khoa hpc tam linh

'Trong huyen hoc Islam giao. cac Sufi chia khoa hpc ra nhieu loai.

nhung ve ca ban tdn lal hai khdi niem khoa hpc la khoa hpc be dien (elm

zaher) va khoa hpc ldm linh (elm bflten). Hai khai niem nay dugc cac Sufi

dflc bidt quan lam. vi mpt ben la rao cfln ngfln cflch con ngudi tien den su

hda nhap cudi cung (hda nhap vdl Thugng Dc). con ben kia gidng nhu ddi

cdnh thien than nang da. che chd vd dua dan ngudi tu hflnh den di'ch.

Trong huyen hpc Islam giflo. khoa hpc be dien vua bao ham khoa htic

vua mang nghTa hicu biel cflc lieu chudn vd ludt Islam giao (SharTah).

Theo cdc Sufi, khoa hpc be dien khdng he cd bat cu mdt lpi ich gi, tham

chi cdn dan dfli con ngutri den nhung lam lac vd do tudng.

Ngutrc lai, khoa hpc lam linh Ifl khoa hpc dua tren sy lu hanh va gid trj

dich thyc cua lain Hnh de ciru vtri con ngudl. Khoa hpc tam linh gidng

nhu hat nutrc mua lam tirtri tdi cd cdy. mat ddi, lam trong sang va tuoi

mdi lain hdn. Mow Iflnfl. mtit Sufi, mot nha tha ttil lac ngudi Ba Tu the ky

XIll. trting tap tha Masneivie ma'navi^ viei:

6 Nghien cuU Tdn giao. 565 - 2014

•'Khi khoa hpe dugc nudi dudng trong anh hdo quang eua Thugng De,

Thi dfl id ke thu h i l u chien cung t i l p nhan anh sang khoa hpe cua ban.

Du ban ndi bat cu dieu g i , eau ndi cua ban deu tda sang gidng nhu trdi

xanh chi dd mua.

Hay td bdu t rd i , hay td dam may, hay lam mua ra i .

Du ong dan nudc mua cung dua nudc xudng,

Nhung nudc eua no chang cd tac dung g i .

Nudc trong edc dng ddn nudc ngan ngui va lam bg,

Trong khi nude mua Ihi t y nhien va vTnh cf lu.

Y nghT gidng nhu dng nudc mua vay.

Kh i khai huyen vd tiep nhdn la ang mdy xanh, la bdu t rd i cao.

La nudc mua lam tuai tdt vudn lugc,

Thi nudc trong dng ddn nudc la nguyen nhdn gay tranh cai vdi hang

xdm Idng gieng'"^.

4. Quan d iem ci ia cdc Suf i ve khoa hpe be d ien

N h u da de cap. hau nhu cdc Sufi khdng he thien cam vdi khoa hpc be

dien. Bd i khoa hpc be dien la rdo can con ngudi den gdn Thugng De toi

cao. Id biic mdn che giau su that.

Trong tap iho Masnavi Ma 'neivi, Mowland ke mdt cau chuyen nhu

sau: Mpt nhd ngu phdp hpc np dl tren mdt con thuyen. Ngai cam thdy rat

thoa man vd kieu ngao ve su hieu biel lodn ven cfla minh. "Tren ddi ndy

chflng cd ai han minh ca'", ngai nghT. V i the, ngai hoi ngudi ldi thuyin;

"Anh biet gi ve ngu phdp khdng?". "Td i khdng b i l l ngu phap la gi ca. toi

chua hpc nd bao g i d " , ngudi lai thuyen tra Id l . Nha ngCr phap hpc thay ihe

cdng trd nen kieu cang. l y phy hon. Vd i cai nhin coi thudng, ngai mia

mai ndi: "Anh khdng biet gi ve ngu phap thi anh da lam mdt mpt nira

quang ddi cita minh rd i " , Ngud i iai thuy in nghe thd buon ldm. nhung

chflng ndi gi . The rdi , theo y mudn cua Thugng De tdi cao, bidn noi song

du dpi bau hieu mdt bao tdn. NhiTng xoay nudc dang sg bao vdy nhu

mudn keo con thuyen vao long dai duong sdu thflm. Trong l inh t h i nguy

cap. ngirdi ldi thuyen vdi hdi nhd ngu phdp la dng la cd b i l t bai khdng. va

dupc nghe tra ld i . dng ta khdng b i l t bai . Ngud i lai t huy in thanh that noi:

Gholamhossein Zadeh, Vu Thi Thanh Phfldng. Khoa hoc.. 7

"Neu khdng biet ba i . ngai sc mat ca cuoc dd i . vi con thuyen da bj cudn

vao xoay nudc, chflng may chdc se dam".

Trong cau chuyen ngu ngdn nay. nha ngfl phflp hpc dai dien cho cac

triet gia. eac nha khoa hpc ludn l u phy ve kha nflng hicu biet vd vdn kien

thuc cfla m inh . V i the. cudi cflng, hp se chet trong su kieu cfing. ngao

man. Ngud i lai thuyen dai dien cho nhdm thfly tu da l u bd nhung dye

vpng, suthda man. V i vdy. Hnh hdn ciia hp dugc cuu vdt. gidi thoat.

Cau chuyen khdc lien quan den ban than Mowlana. dugc viel lai nhu

sau: Mdt ngdy, mot nhd khoa hpc cflng vdi hpc ird cua minh den tham

ldp hpc cua Mowlana vdi muc dich xem \i.\ va ha nhyc nhd iha.

Mowlf lna doan irirt're ducrc >' djnh xdu xa ciia nha khua hpc. trong liic

giang bai kd cho hoc trd cua niinh mot cau chuyen; " M u t ihay tu khd

hanh la ban ddng hanh vdi intit nha ngu phap hpc kieu cang. ich ky. Tinh

cd tren dudng hai ngudi gap mcil cdi gieng hdng bl bo hoang. Nhd tu

hanh chi ve phia cai gieng vfl ndi; " B a v r o mo'attalat". nghTa Ifl cat gieng

bi bd hoang. Nha ngQ' phdp hue nghe the lien phan dd i : bayr Id khdng

dimg, phai dpc la ba'yr, Thdy lu ben dua cac bang chirng gidi ihich.

nhung khdng thuyet phuc dugc nha ngu phdp cirng ddu cirng cd. ngugc

Iai cdn bi mia mai chain chpc. Hal ngirdi vfla di vua cat nhau khdng dc v

la da bd xa cdi gieng va den gdn mot cdi ldng nho. Anh duang dfln lal.

Mat Trdi thu ven ndt Id do rue ra ciia minh nhudng ehd cho bdng toi

dang dan den. Trong khi hai ngutri vfln chua t im dugc d i d tru chdn. thi

bdng tdi da bao trum moi vdt. Trdi toi den ndi chang the nhin thfly gi het.

V i t h i , chflng may nhd ngu phdp hoc irugt chdn nga xudng mpt cai gieng,

Nhanh chdng h i l u ra t inh cdnh eua minh, ngdi keu gdo l im kiem su giiip

dd: " H d i ban ddng hdnh, hdi thay tu lot byng. v i Thugng Dc. giup ldi vdi ,

hfly keo Idl ra khdi gieng nfly", Thdy tu ben trd ld i : "Td i khdng keo anh ra

khdi gieng n l u anh khung ehiu bo ddu phay tren chQ- ba'yr ra". Nhd ngu

phap hpc kieu ngao. ich ky khdng cdn cdch ndo khdc danh ngdm dang

nudt eay chap nhan veu cdu cua ihdv l u " .

Trong cdu ehuyen chdm biem nhe nhang ircn. Mowlana mudn am chi

rflng, cho d i n khi ndo nliQng nhd ngu phap chua chju tu bo "ddu phay"

ich ky khdi ban than, thi khdng bau gitr cd the thoat khui cai gieng dye

vpng. V i i h l , khoa hoe be dien duuc tao bdi nhung ham mudn ldm

thudng chl la ldm mdnh can irtv eon ngutri t im den sir hda nhdp vdl

Thugng Dd - chdn lv luyei ddi .

8 Nghien cuU Tdn giao. 565-2014

Imam Khomein i ' , nhd lanh dao Cach mang Islam gido Iran cung cho

rflng, khoa hpc be dien Id tdm khfln che Idn. Ong t in rdng. khoa hpc be

dien chi la phuang l ien giai tr i ciia eon ngudi . la nguyen nhan eua su ich

ky, nho nhen. Cang di sau nghien cuu khoa hpc bd dien. khoang each vdi

chdn ly cang xa. Ong gifli thich ly do nay nhu sau: Con ngudi dudi hinh

ihuc Id nha khoa tipc, nhd lanh dao. nhd cai each cung vd l cdng cu la dye

vpng va ham mudn, cdng ngay cang dam me gidi quyel nhQng thu ma tir

Irudc den nay chua ai Idm dugc de t rd thanh ngudl duy nhal cd the hieu

dugc vdn dd do. Cdng dien ihuyel nhieu trudc quan chflng, dng ta cang

hflng say l ion. Neu co ngudi bat ddng y kien vd i tninh, dng la se t im mpi

each ha nhuc ngudi dd trudc dam ddng. Han the nda. quan diem cua ong

la du dung du sai, dng ta deu bflt ngudi khdc phdi chap nhdn. Sau cupc

tranh luan nay lua. tat nhien la ngudi chien thflng, dng ta cang ihay thoa

mfln han vc ban than, nhat Id khi cd ngudi cd tdm anh hudng ldn Irong xa

hpi ddnh gia cao va cdng nhdn dng la. Tuy nhicn. thai ddng thuong. dng

la khdng biel rflng. khi dng la t im dugc mpt v i t r i Irong mfl i cac nhfl hien

tr iel . Ihi dng la lai ldm mat vj t r i cua minh trong mat Thugng De,

Ghaza l i \ md i Sufi tdn trong Ijch su huyen hpc Islam gido da giai thich

ve khoa hoc be dien vd khoa hpc ldm l inh nhu sau: "Neu nhu ban da tu'ng

nghe Sufi noi khoa hpc (khua hpc be dien) Id ldm khfln ngan each, ban

dung phu nhan hay tfl' chdi . vi ddy la chdn l i . Bdt cir mot nganh khoa hpc

(be dien) nao lam ban ban tam suy nghT va dam chim trong dd. si; trd

thanh tam man ngfln each ban den vdi Dang I d l cao. Trai t im gidng nhu

mpt cdi hd nhd vdy, nd cung nhu nflm gidc quan cua chi ing ta cd nam con

sudi nhd. Nudc chdy vdo hd tu ben ngodi. Neu nhu mudn nudc hd irong

vat CO the thdy tan ddy. trudc het phdi tdt hel nudc ra khdi hd. sau do nao

het bun den dudi day hd rdi chan Idl ca cac sudi ddn nudc vdo de hd

khdng nhan nudc l u ben ngoai. Khi hd nudc van liep nhan nutrc tu ben

ngoai. l u ban thdn nd khdng the lao ra nudc. Khoa hpc dirge hinh thanh

l ir con l i tn ci ing khong cd y nghTa gi n l u nhQ-ng i h u t u ben ngodi thdm

nhap vao con l im chua dugc xda bd. Cung nhu vay. n l u ban than cdc nha

khoa hpc giu bd dugc nhung cdng thue chung minh bien chinig. trdi llm

cua ung ta khdng ban bju vi i i chitng. liie do khoa hpc se khdng cdn la lam

khfln ngfln cdch nua".

M t i i ly do nQ-a md cac Sufi ludn co cfli nhin miet thi ddi vd i khoa hoc

be dien. bai khua hue b l dicn cd the lam con ngudl quen lang Thugng

Gholamhossein Zadeh, Vu TTii Thanh Phfldng. Khoa hgc... 9

De. Mdt v i du dicn hinh la khi Napoleon hdi nhd khoa hpc Laplace: "Tai

sao khi midu ta xudl x u cfla thai duang he. dng khdng nhac den Thugng

Dd" . Laplace da ird ld i : "Thua ngdi. tdi khdng cdn tdi gid thuyet ay". Dflc

bidt. neu khoa hpc be didn lai ddng hdnh vdi muc dich xdu thi cang tai hai

han bao g id het: " K h i khoa hpc dugc tiep nhan vdi long tham lam va ham

mudn xau xa. That dflng sg. nd gidng nhu ten trdm tay cam den. hfln cd

the nhin rd mpi thu, v i the cd the lay dugc nhidu dd dac cd gia tr i han"^

Trong bdu khdng khi huyen hpc tdn lai nhieu giai thoai khac nhau, dflc

biel la nhung glal thoai ve cac nhfln val ndi l ieng. Cdu chuyen ve Abu

Sa' l ld Abu K h a y r " vd Ibn c S ina " . ma Phuang Tdy gpi dng la Avicenna,

ducrc kc tai nhu sau: Sau cudc gap gd vdl Avicenna. Abu Sa'i id ,^bu

Khayr ndi ; "Bat eu ncri nao la budc d i . ta nhin bang ddi mflt cfla minh thi

ten mu dy lay cam gay cung den". Nhan vdt " t a " d ddy td Abu Sa' i id Abu

Khayr, cdn "ten m u " ta Avicenna. Y cua Abu Sa' i id Id chfln Iy md dng

cam nhan mpt each de dang bfing trdi l im thi Avicenna phai vdt vd hieu

bfing cac tuan chung. Theo quan dicm cua Abu Sa' i id Abu Khayr.

Avicenna khong the nhin nhan chdn ly mpi each l u nhien. mfl phfli dung

den cdng cu tr iel hpc de chung minh. V i the, Abu Sa'i id mdi v i Avicenna

Id ngutri mu. Cay gay trong lay Avicenna chinh Id cdc phep ludn chirng.

Mt)t ngudl mu dung gay dc cdm nhan su hien dien cua the gidi xung

quanh. ihi su cdm nhdn nfly khong the day du, loan ven nhu mot ngudi co

day du cdc giac quan. Abu Sa' i id Abu Khayr Id dai dien ndi bat cho

irutrng phai huyen htic. cdn Avicenna Id dai dicn lieu bieu cho trudng

phdi t r i l t hpc duv ly. Bdt cir ai tranh ludn ve Thugng De bang bien chung

deu la nhung ngudi mu:

"Khdng the gidi quycl cac van de d trudng dao lao cua lun giao cQng

nhu l u cdc bdi thuyet gidng cua Sheikh.

Hdi Dflng i d i cao, xin Ngudi hav cho con mdt dau hicu de nhan biel

Ngudi .

i ldi nha thdng thai, lai day vd Idm la i rd nen thdng thdi.

Hay giup la giac ngti va hay dflng cdc ddy xich trdi ngudi dicn lai.

Khdng the t im thfly ngudi yeu bang sy hicu biel.

Hay t im sy gif lp dd cho nhung ten ngu ngdc tren con dudng tu hdnh

nay".

(Imam Khomeini)

10 Nghien cflu Tdn giao. 565 - 2014

Tdm lai. huyen hpc Islam gido chi tr ich vd phdn ddi khoa hpc be dien.

bdi cflc nha khoa hpe trong ljch su da iron lan khoa hpe vdi dye vpng va

ham mudn. roi t u nhan thuc khoa hpc t rd nen kieu ngao mpt each mil

qudng. Bdng nhung k i l n thuc khoa hpc t ich luy dugc, hp t in rang, cd the

gidi quydt mpi van d l tren thd gidi thuc tai va the g id i tam l inh. Hp quen

rdng, khoa hpc chda hai phuang dien: vat chdt va tam l inh. Phuang dien

vdt chflt cd t h i giai quy l t bflng khoa hpc be didn, nhung phan tdm linh chi

cd the nhan bidt vd ban gan bang con dudng tu hdnh thoat tye.

5. Khoa hpc tam l inh t r ong quan d iem ci ia cac Su f i

N h u da de cap, khoa hpc tam tinh giong nhu hat nudc mua lam tuai

mat nudi dudng tam hon. lam con ngudi cam nhdn duge hanh phuc dich

thyc. Khoa hpc tdm Iinh vd i nhung bi fln khd gidi thich ed khd nang cuii

vd l con ngudi . Hasan Basry'" hdi Hozife Yaman'^ ve khoa hpc tdm Iinh,

dng dugc trd Idi nhu sau: " D d la ngdnh khoa hpc gifla Dang Td i cao va

cdc nha tien tr i ma khdng tnpl thien thdn d Phuong Tay hay bat cir mdt

tin dd nao cd the biet". Mdt trong nhii-ng each cd the l iep can khoa hpc

lam linh la phdi " lam sang bdng trdi l i m " , nghTa Id bdn than chitng ta phai

lay sach can bdn cua nhung hieu biel Ihieu dung dfin, nhung djnh kien sai

lam. Cdu chuyen dupc ke trong tac phflm Masnavi e ma'navi nhu sau:

Cac hpa sT ngudi Trung Qudc va ngudi Roma tranh cai nhau ve tai nflng

cua minh trong nghe ihual Iranh ve. A i eung coi minh tai gidi hon ma

khdng chiu nhudng ai. Cudi cflng, hp quyet dinh tranh lai va md i mpt vj

vua ndi l ieng thdi dd lam ngudi phan xu . Nha vua chuan bi cho moi

nhdm mpt ngdi nhd rieng biel nhung ddi lap nhau. Ngoai ra, bdt cfl- vat

dung gi cac hpa sT can. nhd vua deu cho ngudi mang den. Cac hpa sT

Trung Qudc miet mai vdi cdng viec ve tranh cua minh, trong khi la ihav,

cflc hpa sT Roma khdng ve gi ca, ma chi ddng cfla danh bdng cdc buc

tirdng trong tda nhd. Nhdm hpa sT Trung Quoc bdng tai nang cua minh

lap hgp tat ca l inh hoa nhdl trang Ir i ngdi nha. Kh i cdng viec k i t ihflc. hp

mdi nhd vua den danh gia. Nhin s\x hoa le cua ngdi nha, nha vua vd cflng

phan khdi , hai long nhung chua vol dua ra k i t qua cudi cung. Ngdi budc

sang phia ngdi nha cua nhdm hpa sT Roma. Kh i eac buc rem che dupc

keo xudng, ky la thay, trudc mflt nha vua tat ea hinh anh hoa my, diem t?

dugc trang tr i trong ngdi nha cfla nhdm hpa sT ngudi Trung Qudc d iu

dugc phdn chidu tren tudng va cua d ddy. N d that sy huy In do, ro rang

Gholamhossein Zadeh, Vu Thi Thanh Phu'dng. Khoa hgc... 11

cac hpa sT Roma tai hoa ban ban. Su am hieu da giup hp khai ngudn sang

tao va nudi dudng tai nang.

Kar im Zamflni nhdn xet ve cau chuyen ngu ngdn nay nhu sau: "Nhdm

hpa sT Trung Qude Id v i du dien hinh ve cdc nhd khoa hpc be dien. Bflng

nhflng hieu biet khoa hpc lan ldn va sai lam, hp da ''ve tranh" len con t im

trong sang cfla minh. Nhdm hpa sT Roma la dai dien cua cac nha lu hanh

chan chinh. V i vdy. eon ngudi ehi cd the cham lay den khoa hpc tam Ilnh

khi lam hdn dupc thanh thoat va thanh lay khdi ham mudn, nhuc dye.

Khoa hpc be dien thyc chat chi la gdnh nang vdl con ngudl chu khdng

phai la ban ddng hdnh cua con ngudi"-

" M d i buc tranh lua l mdi khi dupc trai t im tiep nhan,

Khdng phu bui , mai mfli In hinh irong t im.

Trai t im ngudi sach bong bui m d nhyc due,

M d i gidy phin deu t im thdy chan ly trong t im.

Nhu'ng Sufi thanh thien, nhung nhfl khoa hpc chan chinh cfla Thupng

o l , nhu'ng ngudi da giu bd hieu biet ndng can de budc vao lanh dja Ayn

ol yaqln'"*.

V i the, hay tam ddu dc ban Irdng rdng, hfly xoa bd hel suy nghT de lien

vao i h l gidi anh sang cua cun l lm . the gidi gfln gui nhal vdi chdn ly.

Tdt cd deu sg hai va chdn chay cdi ch i l . nhung cdc thdy lu chdn chinh

thi khdng. lio thudng cudi vdo nd.

Khdng al cd the c h i l m huu con l im hp. khdng the lam hai hay vdy

ban no.

N I U cd cung chi lam than the hp bj tdn thuang. nhung irai l lm hp mai

mai nguyen ven.

Giong nhu viec dap vd mot con trai bien, vien ngpc ben trong vfln

ludn Iron ven.

Khi l u bd h i l u b i l l v l ngfl phap va dao (khoa hpc be dien), hp lai t im

thay n i l m t in trong hda nhdp, tan bien vd l u do.

De trai t im hp phdn ch i lu lang thu ldm cua Thien Dudng, tu dd irai

l im hp l i 'd thdnh Thien Dudng thuc sy.

V j t r i ciia hp cdn cao hon ca Arsh. Korsi va K h a l a ' \ noi hp d la nai

cua Chua T r d i " " ' .

12 Nghien cflu Tdn giao. 565-2014

6. Khoa hpc va irng dung

Cac Sufi theo i rudng phfli huydn hpc khdng chi giang giai ly IhuyeL

ma cdn d l cao vdn d l thyc hdnh. Theo hp. hai ITnh vuc nay cd mdi quan

he mat t h i l l vdi nhau. Trong tac phdm Kashfol Mahjitb (Khdm pha cai

dugc che giau). Ho jv i r i ' ^ v i l t : "Can hieu rdng khoa hpc cd i h l t ich IQy

dugc. nghTa la nhung h i l u b i l l ban dau cfla ta la it d i . nhung ihdng qua

qua tr inh nghien cuu. tham khao. vdn hieu biet cfla ta se dugc m d rpng

gidng nhu t ich lieu thanh dai . nhung nhdl thiet nd phai di ddi vdi thyc

hanh. Khoa hpc khdng dua vao img dung gidng vide ngudi thd Chua ma

khdng b i l l ludt thd Chiia. het nhu mpt cun lu'a dang xay bpt. du cti di

nhicu den may nd cung chi di quanh edi cui xay".

Chflng ta d i u b ic l cau chuyen ve quy Satan"*, do Ida phinh Adam vfl

Eva an trdi cam dfl hi Thugng De dudi khdi Thien Dirdng. Cdu chuyen

ndv la mpt trong nhf lng ngudn cdm hung Ihi ca ddi vd i cde nha tho

Islam giao. Nhd tho Sanflni. cha de cua iha huyen hpc cho rfing, quy

Satan du han bdn nghin nfim thd phung Thugng Oe. cudi cung lai bj

Thugng Oe nguyen riia va dudi khdi virdn Oja Odng khdng phai do

khdng biel nhung dicu phdi trai, ma la do khdng b ie l van dung diing

nhung hieu b ic l cua minh .

Trong tap tha ndi tieng Uadlejai cd heiqiqa (Khu vudn chdn ly) . Sanani

ke mpt cdu chuyen nhu sau: "Nhdm ngudi Ddng Suni do han thu tdn giao

thi nhau ddnh dap mot ngudi Ddng Shi 'ah. Giua lue hflng mdu bung xudt

hien mpt ngudl ddn dng la. khdng biel ly do gi cung xdng vdo diinh ngudl

kia mpt each khdng thtrang tiec. Khi cd ngudl hul vi sao lal lam nhu the

va ngudi kia co lp i t inh g i . hfln tra Idi mpt each ngdy ihtr: "Td i khdng bict

anh ta cd ldi g i , chi thdy mpi ngirdi ddnh anh la, nen ldi cung xdng vao

gdp phan. Cd ihe i hd i " .

Ban thdn Sanflni trong bai tha true tiep binh giang rdng. neu nhu con

ngudi khdng hieu bic l can kc. khdng ihdng suot npi dung t u tudng nhung

gi dugc hpc. khdng biei van dung dung, thi cudi cung nhung hicu bic l dd

se chi mang den lai uong va phien phuc, N h u vay tha la ngudi ngu ddt

cdn han;

"Ngtrd i cu hpc nhung khung b i l t van dung.

Ta mti i con luu dich thye.

Tung vac chau bau. ma di fln co khd.

Gholamhossein Zadeh, Vu Thj Thanh Phu'dng. Khoa hex.. 13

Hpc di ddi vd i hdnh. Igi ich cho ddi .

Hpc khdng hanh. chfln nhu bj t rd i " .

{Hadiqal ol haqiqah).

Mac dfl cac Sufi kjch liet phan ddi khoa hpc. nhung hp khdng hoan

loan phfl nhan khoa hpc. Bang chung la nhflng tflc pham hp de lai cho ddi

sau nhu cdu chuyen ngy ngdn: "0 mpt Ihdnh dudng Islam giao np. co hai

ngudi dan dng. mdt nha thdng thai dang ngu va mdt ten ngdc dang cau

nguydn. T inh ed cd ngudi bd hdnh ngang qua trdng thdy quy Satan dang

dirng ngodi cua nhin vao. ben Id md hdi xem quy mudn Iflm gi? Quy trd

ld i . ta mudn lira tdn ngdc kia ra day nhung lai so nha thdng thai. Neu

khdng ed hdn d ddy. ta da cd dugc ten ngdc k ia" .

Altar ' ' ' vidt Iruyen nay trong tap tha Asrdr name (Ld thu mat), ihdng

qua nd mudn nhan nhu rang: "Du ta ngudi cd dao. Id tin do toL nhung

neu khdng hieu biel . khdng bao g id l im dugc con dudng dung dan. Bdng

ldi xau xa cua the gldl nay chinh la quy Satan, nd an nflp dgi ban tren

dudng dd i . chd co hdi lua phinh ban. Neu mudn lam nhin the gidi md

rpng. ban can co hieu biet khoa hpc. Neu thfln the chung la can cd siic

manh de sinh ton. thi ldm hdn chung la cung cfln dugc nudi dudng. thi'rc

an l inh thdn chinh td s\x h i l u b i l l . V i vay. hay thflp sdng ngpn den minh

tr iel vd mang nd theo ban se khdng bao g id bt vdp nga".

7. D i i c t in t r ong huvcn hoc Is lam giao

Due l in trong Islam giao dugc hieu la niem l in thieng lieng vao sy

tdn lai cua Thugng De, chdn lv vc cac nhfl tien tri va ton giao. Nhung

trong huyen hpc, quan nidm ve due t in giua cdc Sufi vfln cdn nhicu

diem khflc b ie l .

Cdc Sufi phan due t in Iflm hai loai: dire tin chfln chinh va due t in gifl

tao. Due l in chan chinh la dire l in cd nhung dac diem nhu tren. irong khi

due l in gifl lao Id khdng cd niem tin thyc sy nhung cd td ra cho mpi ngudi

thdy minh la ngudi cd n i l m l in thyc sy. Dire l in chdn chinh ludn mang

d i n cho con ngudi sy thanh thoat lam hdn. irong khi due t in gid lao chi

tam dau long nhung l in dd ngoan dao.

Dire l in khdng i h l mua dutrc. vi nu Id qud tflng, la anh sdng quang

minh cfla Thugng Dd. Qua tang dac hict nav khdng phdi ai cung dugc

Thucrng Dd ban eho. O l cd dugc nd. con ngudi can hidn ddng trai t im va

linh hcin cua minh. Cd ngudi hdi Baizid"" Iam each ndo ed the dal den

14 Nghien culi Ton giao. 565 - 2014

dinh cao cfla due t in , dng tra ld i , bflng tam thdn trdn. bung dd i , trdi t im

dau ddn vd lam hdn dn ban. Cd ngudi hdi dng trdn eon dudng tu hanh.

lieu cd ngudi ndo bd qua hanh tr inh nay ma t i l n den dich? '"Cd kha nang

nhung ket qua dal dugc chi bflng nhung gi ngudi dd no l yc " , dng nd i . De

cd due l in , con ngudi can kidn tri va b i n b i . Thugng DS: khdng ban phat

due t in cho nhflng ngudi khdng cd kien nhdn: '"Kidn nhdn mang d i n dire

t in , ngudi khdng cd kidn nhdn khdng cd due t i n " .

Nha l ien tr i Muhammad ndi : "Thugng De khdng ban phdt nidm lin

cho nhung ngudi khdng b i l l nhan nai " . Su kien nhdn vd cflng quan trpng,

chdng the ma. khi cd ngudi hdi mdt nha ngd dao vd due t in . dng tra Idi.

con ngudi phdi chay bdn muo i nam de cd the hieu chan Iy due t in . Dieu

nay cd nghTa la, Nha lien tri Muhammad khi chua ddn bdn muoi tudi

cflng chua dugc khdi huydn. Cdc nha lu hanh cflng mdi bdn mua i nam

hien ddng trdi t im va tam hdn de cd dugc due t in .

Due t in gi f lp t in do ngoan dao vugt qua sy t rung phat cfla Thugng

De trong ngay tan the. Bd i ngay tdn the cdn Id ngay phan xet tdi ldi ciia

loai ngud i . N g u d i tdt se dugc len Thidn Dudng, ke xdu sd bj day xudng

Dja Ngyc.

8. K e t luan

Trong huydn hpc Islam giao, dfl khoa hpc tdm linh ludn dugc xem

trpng va khoa hpc be dien bj khdng i l ldi chi t r ich. nhung khdng phdi luc

nao cac Sufi cung bac bd khoa hpc be dien. Dieu quan trpng la phai su­

dung dung muc dich. Nhd tha Altar danh gia cao su hieu biet. Theo dd,

khdng cd hidu biet, con ngudi khdng the thoat ra khdi bdng td i . Hanh

ddng dung dfln la hanh ddng cd suy nghT chin chdn, cd sy ddng hanh vdi

khoa hpc. Trong due t in cung vdy. Df l cae Sufi ndi rang, due t in la qua

tang cfla Thugng De. nhung neu khdng cd no lye thanh tay thi khdng bao

g id cd the chain tay den qua lang ky dieu dy. Oo do, con ngudi tren hdnh

tr inh hoan thien bdn thdn coi khoa hpc la ngudi ban ddng hanh trung thyc

va dang l in cdy. Ban than Imam Khomeini du coi khoa hpc la tam khan

che ngdn cdch. la t rd ngai. nhung cung thua nhan, hidu biet khoa hpc giup

thdo gd tdm khfln ay. Kh i tdm khan ngfln each dugc thao gd, con ngudi se

cam nhan chan ly de dang han, l u dd suy nghT se dugc cflng co. ngd vyc

dugc gan bd vd ddn chuyen Ihanh nidm t in.

Gholamhossein Zadeh, Vu TTii Thanh Phu'dng. Khoa hoc... 15

Con ngud i cd hai thdnh phdn Id vdt chat va l inh than. Nh i ing thanh

tyu khoa hpc ch i giai quyet vd nudi duong cung nhu thda man mdt phan

vat chat, gi f lp chung ta day lfli ngu ddt. nhung phan t inh thdn khdng the

nudi dudng bang vat chdt. V i the. chi cd khoa hpc tdm l inh vd due t in

mdi cd the dem den su thanh than cho ldm hdn. Sy that la ca khoa hpc

va niem tin deu dupc coi trpng trong Islam giao ndi chung vd huydn hpc

Islam giao ndi r ieng. M d i quan he nay dugc Motahhari" ' t r inh bay trong

bdi tha sau:

"Khoa hpc ban cho la khd nang va anh sang.

Cdn niem l in ban phat t inh ydu. hy vpng va nhiel huyel.

Khoa hpc cho la cdng cu.

Niem tin chi dich den.

Khoa hpc cho ta ldc dp,

Nidm tin cho phuang hudng.

Khoa hpc la khd nang,

Niem tin la mong mudn chinh dang.

Khoa hpc cho ta biet eai gi ldn la i ,

N i l m tin khai huyen cho ta biet can phai lam gi .

Khoa hpc la cudc each mang ben ngodi.

Niem tin la cudc each mang ben trong.

Khoa hpc lam i h l gidi t rd thdnh I h l gidi con ngudi ,

Niem l in lam cho ldm hon t rd thflnh ldm hdn con ngudi .

Khoa hpc la m d rdng ban nga,

Niem tin chflp canh cho ban nga.

Khoa hpc xay dung thien nhien,

Niem tin xay dyng con ngudi .

Khoa hpc va n i l m l in ddu cung cap nflng Iugng cho con ngudi , nhung

Khoa hpc la nang lugng rdi rac.

N i l m t in la nang Iugng k i t ndi.

Khoa hpc vd n i l m t in deu cd ve dep, nhung

Khoa hpc la vc dep duy ly.

j Nghien cuU Ton giao. 565 - 2014

N iem lin la v c dep tdm hdn.

Khoa hpc mang ve dep tri tue.

Nilm lin mang ve dep cam xuc.

Khoa hpc va nilm tin diu cfla Thugng De. nhung

Khoa hpc la bdo dam ben ngoai.

Nilm tin Id bdo dam ben trong.

Khoa hpc kil noi mdi quan he hiTu nghi giira con ngirdi va ihl gidi.

Nilm lin kit ndi moi quan he gifla con ngirdi va ban ihdn"./.

CHU THICH:

1 .S'/«/7i.'T(;/.Y/vs//f/,v;». Mahboube Jame'i: 136- 137.

2 Qui-'an.2A: 2^.

3 Tan biln trong Thugng De va lln lai tir Thugng D I ngliTa la, nguai tu hanh khong duiTc lam nhfl-ng viec ma Thupiig De cam, cht lam nhfrng gi Thupng De yeu cau. Ngoat ra. no con mang nghTa khuac tir. xa lanh d^ic vpng. mong muon voi Ihl giot vat chflt de buoc vao mot thi gitri moi. thi giai sau ngay tan Ihl va tir bo mpi thir rang buoc de chi con lai khao khat duy nhat ia Thupng De. 6 hanli trinh nay, tam hon ngiroi tu hanh hoan loan irong rong. chi con lai duy nliat Thugng De va nguoi tu hanh chi quan tam den Ngtrai

4 Thuong De toi cao va duy nhflt la diem den cuoi ciing cua nhfl lu hanh sau khi Irai qua cac hanh trinh khac nhau. Ben d l nay thirc chat dirpc hinh thanh tir hanh Irinh Irutyc, uic tan bien trong Thupng De va ton tai tir Thupng De. Thuang De toi cao va duy nhat nghta la nha tu hanh chi ehii y den Ngai va mpi thir tren Ihe gtan deu thay dupc tir Ngai, Noi mpi each dan gian han. nha tu hanh ngp ra chan ly: The giai chi la sy phan chieu tir Ngai. nhin thay Ngai 1̂ nhin thay tflt ca. Tom lai. trong dich den nay, nguai Iu hanh chi biet duy nhat Ngai va chi ihay duy nhat Ngai

5 Masnavi ma'navi. nipt tap iho do so viet bang tieng Tarsi, tap hop nhBng cau chuyen ngu ngtin nia thong qua no, nha Iho trinh bay cac vfln de lien quan den huyen hoc,

6 .Masnavi e ma navi, lap 5, cau 2.488 - 2 493

7 Imam Khomeini ten dfly dii la Sayed Ruhollah Mousavi Khomeini (1902 - 1989) nha lanh dao Cach mang islam giao Iran n3m 1979 lat d l chl dp bao hoang (Shah), Ihanh lap nuoc Cpng hoa Islam giao Iran va tro thanh lanh lu toi cao trong he thong lanh dao quoc gia.

8 Ghazali len dfl) du la Abu Hamid Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Ghazali (1058-1111) la nha than hpc, nha triel hpc. nha tam ly hoc va nha huyen hoc lilaiii giao noi tieng nguoi Ba Tu, Ong de l̂ i cho diri sau nhilu tac phflm cti gii Iri nhu: Kimiya e .sa 'adai (Thuat hanh phiic), Tahdiol ol laldsifah (Sir khting nhat quan cua cac Iriel gia). v.v..

Gholamhossein Zadeh, Vu Thi Thanh Phu'dng. Khoa hoc...

9 Sanani Ifl nha tho n i i t i lng nguoi Ba Tu the ky X l -X l l ; dupc coi la cha de cua the loai tha huyen hpc Islam giao: la nguoi dau lien thanh cong Irong viec dua cflc thanh ngO huyen hpc vao tho, diing tho de giai ihich ve huyen hpc. Masnavi:

hadiqal wal haqiqah la tap tho noi lieng nhat cua ong. Sau ong, rat nhieu nguoi tiep tuc phai trien truong phai tha nay. dinh cao la Rumi vdi cac tap Masnavi e Ma 'navi vfl Ghazaliat e Shams.

10 Abu Sa'id Abu Khayr dirpc coi ia nha ngp dao (aref) n6i tieng nhflt ngucri Ba Tu the ky XI ; la mot irong nh&ng nhan vat co anh huong den Ijeh sir huyen hpc Islam giao. Rat nhieu dien tich iien quan den cupc ddi ong mang mau sac than bi, duac luu truyen va pho bien trong huyen hpc.

11 Ibn e Sina la mpt trong nhu'ng nha khoa hpc, triet hoc, y hpc vT dai nhat ngudi Ba Tu cuoi the ky X dau the ky XL Ong sinh ra a Khurasan, Khi qua ddi, ong dupc chon cat a Hamadan (Iran hien nay),

12 Hasan Basry 1̂ mpt nha khoa hoc noi tieng the ky IX. Ong chua bao gid chinh thirc dupc gpi la Sufi, nhung tu tuang ciia ong anh hudng Idn den sir hinh thanh huyen hpe Islam giao sau nay.

13 Huzaifa Yainan dupc cho la ngudi anh em kei nghTa vdi Nha tien tri Mohammad. Cau chuyen mang linh huyen bi. nhung tren Ihuc te, hai ngudi khong the gap nhau.

14 Ayn olyaqin Ifl budc thir hai trong hanh Irinh ba budc de hda nhap vdi Thupng De (elm ol ayqin, ayn ol yaqin, haq ol yaqin). Ci elm ol yaqin, nha tu hanh cam nhan dupc chan ly. giong nhu ngirdi nhin thay anh sang Mat Trdi. roi cam nhan dupc sire ndng cita nd, cuoi ciing lim ra sy hien dien cua Mat Trdi. Ayn ol yaqin la hanh trinh sau elm ol yaqin, 0 hanh trinh nay. chan ly ro rang den ndi nha tu hanh cd the trong thay, gidng nhu ngudi iryc tiep nhin thay Mat Trdi, Haq ol yaghin la hanh trinh culi cdng. 6 hanh trinh nay, nha tu hanh coi ban than minh va Thupng D I la mpt, nghTa ia ban than hda nhap va tan bien Irong Ngai, gi lng nhu- ngudi lam cho anh sang dot mat ciia minh hda quyen trong anh sang M3l Trdi.

15 Arsh cd nghTa la bdu Irdi, Korsi la ten tflng thu tam ctia bflu trdi. Khala la khdng gian tTnh i^ng.

16 Masnavi e ma'navi. Rumi, tap 1, cau 3,491- 3,499. 17 Hojviri la ni6t trong nhirng nha ngo dao nfii tilng ngudi Ba Tu ih l ky X Kashj

ol Mahjuh \t tac phflm van xudi dflu tien viet bang tilng Farsi (ngon ngCr hien van dupc diing d Iran) khong chi mieu ta than thi. con dutmg tu hanh ciia cac Sufi n i i t i lng. ljch su huyIn hpc Islam giao. ma cdn neu rd cac budc tu hanh trong huyen hpe. Vi the, nd dupc coi la mot quyen sach quan Irpng doi vdi cac nha nghien ciru.

18 Theo Kinh Quran, quy Satan vln la mdi thien than, duoc ThirpTig De tao ra lir Ilia, Khi Thupng D I tao ra con ngudi (Adam) tir ddi va ihdi linh hdn minh vao dd, Ngudl yeu cflu cac Ihien thfln quy lay con ngudi, Cac thien ihan diu nghe Iheo trir Sauin Sau dd. Satan lira Adam va Eve an trai cam. vi the con ngudi bj

Nghien cuU Tdn giao. 565 - 2014

Thuang Dh dav ra khdi Thien Dudng. con Satan trd thanh ke bi nguyen riia va bj coi la ke lam phan.

19 Attar Nayshabury la mpt nha tho ndi tieng ngudi Ba Tir cudi the ky XM dau the ky XIII Ong de lai nhilu tac phflm ndi tieng cho the he sau, trong dd ndi tilng nhflt la Manieq al tcr\r (Hpi nghj cac loai chim). Tac pham ndi ve hanh trinh qua bay cira ai ctia cac loai chim di tim chiia te ciia minh la Phuang Hoang (Simorq) sdng d dinh niii Qaq. cudi cimg chi cd ba miroi con chim den dich. Lite day. chiing mdi hilu ra rflng. chitng chinh la Siniorq. Cau chuyen mang mau sk huyIn hpc, thyc chat la ngu ngon ve hanh trinh tu luyen ciia cac Sut1 de dOn dupc su hda nhap va ian bien vdi Thircmg Dc,

20 Baizid Baslain sdng vao cudi the ky II dau the kv 111: la ngirdi dal nen mdng cho U'udng phai huyen hpc Khurasan, dupc coi la guang ttiat uu til nhat cua irudng phai nay.

21 Ayatollah Morleza Motahhari (1920 • 1979) la nha nghien ciru. nha than hoc, giang vien dai hpc va nha chinh trj ngudi Iran, Ong la mpt trong nhirng ngudi co anh hirang quan trpng den he tu tudng cdng hoa Islam giao, la mdt irong nh&ng nha Ihiel lap Mdi dong Cac nha Than hpc Khang chien: cung la ngudi thanh l̂ p, ddng ihdi la Chii tich Hpi ddng Cach mang islam giao Iran iheo yeu cau cua Imam Khomeini.

A b s t r a c t

SCIENCE AND BELIEF IN ISLAMIC MYSTICISM

The aillcle focused on explaining some obscure issues involving

science, belief and the relationship bclween these two conceptions in

philosophy. Islamic mysticism, especially topics revolving around

spiritual science (elm bfllen) and surface science (elm zdhery). Through

stories and the verses by the famous Sufi, the article tried to explain a

simple way for these complex concepts.

Key words: Science and belief. Islamic mysticism. Prophet

Muhamtnad.