How to Configure VLAN, STP, DTP Step by Step Guide?

Posted by Yejian Technologies on March 27, 2013 Share on reddit 18

In this tutorial we will demonstrate that how can you

Configure Access or Trunk links Create VLAN Assign VLAN membership Configure Intra VLAN routing Configure VTP Server Make VTP Clients Show STP Static Configure DTP port

To complete these labs either creates a topology as shown in figure or downloads this file and loads it in packet tracer

Task

You are the administrator at router-switch.com have two department sales and management. You have given three pc for sales and three pc in management. You created two VLAN. VLAN 10 for sales and VLAN20 for management. For backup purpose you have interconnected switch with one extra connection. You have one router for intera VLAN communications.

Let’s start configuration first assign IP address to all pc’s To assign IP address double click on pc and select ip configurations from desktop tab and give ip address as shown in table given above

VLAN Trunking Protocol

Configure VTP Server

We will first create a VTP Server so it can automatically propagate VLAN information to other switch. Double click on Switch1 and select CLI. Set hostname to S1 and create VTP domain name example and set password to vinita (Remember password is case sensitive).

Switch 1

Switch>enable

Switch#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Switch(config)#hostname S1

S1(config)#vtp mode server

Device mode already VTP SERVER.

S1(config)#vtp domain example

Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example

S1(config)#vtp password vinita

Setting device VLAN database password to vinita

Configure VTP clients

Once you have created a VTP domain. Configure remaining Switch to Client mode.

Switch 2

Switch>enable

Switch#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Switch(config)#hostname S2

S2(config)#vtp mode client

Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode.

S2(config)#vtp domain example

Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example

S2(config)#vtp password vinita

Setting device VLAN database password to vinita

S2(config)#

Switch 3

Switch>enable

Switch#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Switch(config)#hostname S3

S3(config)#vtp mode client

Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode.

S3(config)#vtp domain example

Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example

S3(config)#vtp password vinita

Setting device VLAN database password to vinita

S3(config)#

Dynamic Trunking Protocol

Configure DTP port

All Switch ports remain by default in access mode. Access port can not transfer the trunk frame. Change mode to trunk on all the port those are used to interconnect the switches

Switch 1

S1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24

S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/24,

changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/24,

changed state to up

S1(config-if)#exit

S1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1

S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S1(config-if)#exit

S1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/2

S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/2,

changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/2,

changed state to up

S1(config-if)#exit

S1(config)#

Switch 2

S2(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1

S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/1,

changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/1,

changed state to up

S2(config-if)#exit

S2(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/2

S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S2(config-if)#exit

S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/23

S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/23,

changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/23,

changed state to up

S2(config-if)#exit

S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24

S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S2(config-if)#exit

Switch 3

S3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24

S3(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S3(config-if)#exit

S3(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1

S3(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S3(config-if)#exit

Virtual LAN (VLAN)

Create VLAN

After VTP server configuration it’s time to organize VLAN. We need only to create VLAN on VTP server and reset will be done by VTP Server automatically.

Switch 1

S1(config)#vlan 10

S1(config-vlan)#exit

S1(config)#vlan 20

S1(config-vlan)#exit

S1(config)#

As we have already configured VTP server in our network so we don’t need to create VLAN on S2 or S3. We need only to associate VLAN with port.

Assign VLAN membership

Switch 1

S1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

S1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

S1(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2

S1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

Switch 2

S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

S2(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2

S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

Switch 3

S3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

S3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

S3(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2

S3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

Now we have two working vlan. To test connectivity do ping form 10.0.0.2 to 10.0.0.3 and 10.0.0.4. if you get successfully replay then you have successfully created VLAN and VTP server.

Spanning-Tree Protocol

In this configuration STP will block these ports F0/24 of S1 , F0/23 and F0/24 of S2 and F0/24 of S3 to avoid loop at layer to two. Verify those ports blocked due to STP functions

Verify STP ports

Switch 2

S2#show spanning-tree active

VLAN0001

Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee

Root ID Priority 32769

Address 0002.174D.7794

Cost 4

Port 26(GigabitEthernet1/2)

Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec

Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)

Address 00D0.FF08.82E1

Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec

Aging Time 20

Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type

—————- —- — ——— ——– —————————

Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p

Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p

Fa0/23 Desg FWD 19 128.23 P2p

Fa0/24 Altn BLK 19 128.24 P2p

Gi1/1 Desg FWD 4 128.25 P2p

Gi1/2 Root FWD 4 128.26 P2p

[Output is omitted]

S2#

You can test STP protocols status on S1 and S3 also with show spanning-tree active command

Router on Stick

At this point of configuration you have two successfully running VLAN but they will not connect each other. To make intra VLAN communications we need to configure router . To do this double click on router and select CLI.

Configure intra VLAN

Router

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#no ip address

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.10

Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10

Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-subif)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.20

Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20

Router(config-subif)#ip address 20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-subif)#exit

To test connectivity between different vlan do ping form any pc to all reaming pc. it should be ping successfully. If you have error download this configured topology and cross check that where you have committed mistake.

Configured VLAN VTP STP topology

VLAN VTP Server STP DTP command reference sheet

Switch(config)#vlan 10 Creates VLAN 10 and enters VLAN configuration mode for further definitions.

Switch(config-vlan)#name Sales

Assigns a name to the VLAN. The length of the name can be from 1 to 32 characters.

Switch(config-vlan)#exit Applies changes, increases the revision number by 1, and returns to global configuration mode.

Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1

Moves to interface configuration mode

Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access

Sets the port to access mode

Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

Assigns this port to VLAN 10

Switch#show vlan Displays VLAN information Switch#show vlan brief Displays VLAN information in brief Switch#show vlan id 10 Displays information about VLAN 10 only Switch#show vlan name sales

Displays information about VLAN named sales only

Switch#show interfaces vlan x

Displays interface characteristics for the specified VLAN

Switch#delete flash:vlan.dat Delete filename [vlan.dat]? Delete flash:vlan.dat?

Removes the entire VLAN database from flash. Make sure there is no space between the colon (:) and the characters vlan.dat. You can potentially erase the entire contents of the flash

[confirm] Switch#

with this command if the syntax is not correct. Make sure you read the output from the switch. If you need to cancel, press ctrl+c to escape back to privileged mode:

Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/5

Moves to interface configuration mode.

Switch(config-if)#no switchport access vlan 5

Removes port from VLAN 5 and reassigns it to VLAN 1—the default VLAN.

Switch(config-if)#exit Moves to global configuration mode. Switch(config)#no vlan 5 Removes VLAN 5 from the VLAN database. Switch#copy running-config startupconfig

Saves the configuration in NVRAM

Switch(config-if) #switchport mode trunk

Puts the interface into permanent trunking mode and negotiates to convert the link into a trunk link.

Switch(config)#vtp mode server

Changes the switch to VTP server mode.

Switch(config)#vtp mode client

Changes the switch to VTP client mode.

Switch(config)#vtp mode transparent

Changes the switch to VTP transparent mode.

Switch(config)#no vtp mode Returns the switch to the default VTP server mode. Switch(config)#vtp domain domain-name

Configures the VTP domain name. The name can be from 1 to 32 characters long.

Switch(config)#vtp password password

Configures a VTP password

. Switch(config)#vtp pruning Enables VTP pruning Switch#show vtp status Displays general information about VTP configuration Switch#show vtp counters Displays the VTP counters for the switch