glossary geological mining terms

ISSN 0704-2752 ISBN 0-7794-7148-2

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DFST/|dlh`o`dJ/Dkj`dJJ/Thy/ay`d/ Hc f`DfYy`d/ dhT`d/

Eabametoong First NationGlossary ofGeological and Mining-Related Terms

Ontario Geological SurveyMiscellaneous Paper 170

2004

DFST/|dlh`o`dJ/Dkj`dJJ/Thy/ay`d/ Hc f`DfYy`d/ dhT`d/

Eabametoong First NationGlossary ofGeological and Mining-Related Terms

Ontario Geological SurveyMiscellaneous Paper 170

DFST/| Eabametoong First Nation H`dGUhS`D{ dj in partnership withlSHjl`df`DfYy`d/ Ministry of Northern Development and Mines

May 2004 S/Yhk;-2004Version 1 jGx HElaHt|

2004

EFN/MNDMGlossaryPage ii

Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2004 ISSN 0704-2752ISBN 0-7794-7148-2

All publications of the Ontario Geological Survey and the Ministry of NorthernDevelopment andMines are available for viewing and purchase at the following locations:

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Main entry under title:Eabametoong First Nation glossary of geological and mining--related terms

(Ontario Geological Survey miscellaneous paper, ISSN 0704--2752; no. 170)Version 1.Text in English and Ojibway syllabics.ISBN 0--7794--7148--2

1. Mineral industries—Dictionaries—Ojibwa. 2. Mineral industries—Dictionaries.3. Geology—Dictionaries—Ojibwa. 4. Geology—Dictionaries. 5. English language—Dictionaries—Ojibwa. 6. Ojibwa language—Dictionaries—English. 7. Ojibwa language—Dialects--Dictionaries. I. Eabametoong First Nation. II. Ontario. Ministry of NorthernDevelopment and Mines. III. Ontario Geological Survey. IV. Series.

TN10.E22 2004 622’.03 C2004--964014--3

Every possible effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained inthis report; however, the Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines does notassume any liability for errors that may occur. Source references are included in the reportand users may wish to verify critical information.

If youwish to reproduce anyof the text, tables or illustrations in this report, please write forpermission to the Team Leader, Publication Services, Ministry of Northern Developmentand Mines, 933 Ramsey Lake Road, Level B4, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 6B5.

Cette publication est disponible en anglais seulement.

Parts of this report may be quoted if credit is given. It is recommended that reference bemade in the following form:Eabametoong First Nation and Ontario Geological Survey 2004. Eabametoong First

Nation glossary of geological and mining--related terms; Ontario Geological Survey,Miscellaneous Paper 170, 81p.

EFN/MNDM GlossaryPage iii

Eabametoong First NationGlossary of

Geological and Mining-Related Terms

English, Syllabics and PhoneticsEabametoong First Nation Dialect

Eabametoong First Nationin partnership with

Ministry of Northern Development and Mines

DFST/|dlh`o`dJ/

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Dated: May 13, 2004, at Eabamet Lake

EFN/MNDM GlossaryPage v

Memorandum of Co-operation`d/Gsy`d/ E/a`dGUhsg`d/

Signed by:HhElfEgI{

Chief Charlie Okeese (Eabametoong First Nation) and Cameron Clark (Deputy Minister, Ministry ofNorthern Development and Mines)

EhSH/ Chief Charlie Okeese (DFST/|) Hc Cameron Clark (DjyEhS)f`DfYy`dlSHjl`d/

December 17, 2002, in Eabamet LakeSYohlHjhk; -sGlj`Lk-2002 dS DFST/|

The goal of the Memorandum of Co-operation is toenhance communication between Eabametoong

First Nation and the Ministry of NorthernDevelopment and Mines. The �Glossary of

Geological and Mining-Related Terms� is one of themany communication products that were producedjointly under the spirit of the Memorandum of Co-

operation.

sG: Eè HhElkaHt| `d/GSy`d/aE/a`dGUhsgc/| Hc

aE/aDVLO`d/GSg`D{ dh DFST/| HclSHjl`df`DfYy`d/* sdj

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HhE/aSaG`D{ a`dGUhsg`D{*

EFN/MNDM GlossaryPage vi

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Sol Atlookan Hc Martha Papah eh`dGUhS`Dad dh DFST`djjC|*Martha Papah G: EhDjlJrfDJ/ dhT`dJ/*s`yacjSHj`D| G: sjY| HhhaDUhGW`D{' Hc ehau/GYjj|G: ahlT`D{*

sEY HElfEHj`D{ H`daHF`dGW`D{' jGx= EGUh|- Sol Atlookan'Martha Papah *HhDjHJ`DFGW`D{ SVx adJUhH/t|= Andy Yesno, Bradley Yesno,Lori Churchill, Mike Grant.dhG: HjDjEJO`DGW`D{ DFST/|= EhSH/- Charlie Okeese,EhSHuK|= Stanley Boyce, Ron Missewace, Alex Missewace,Tony Moonias, Xavier Sagutch,sEY Hc E:hEhSHuK|= Corny Nate, Ida Missewace, Joseph Waswaf`DfYy`dlSHjl`dhS EGUhSHJ/= Andy Fyon.sEY HhJJHaT`D{ Dj/ yDjdl`dH/tj|*

EFN/MNDM GlossaryPage vii

FOREWORD

This glossary was produced as part of a collaborative project between EabametoongFirst Nation (EFN) and the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM).

In February 2002, EFN and MNDM initiated a communication project. The goal of theproject was to improve communication between EFN and MNDM.

The Glossary is one result of the communication project. It is the beginning of an on-going effort to translate technical and administrative words and phrases into syllabics,Ojibway phonetics, and English. The syllabics in this document are specific to theEabametoong First Nation dialect only. This is Version 1 of the Glossary. The Glossarywill continue to grow and serves as a resource for the members of EFN.

Words and phrases to translate from English to Ojibway were provided by the projectteam and as a result of family and clan meetings.

Sol Atlookan, Martha Papah and Lily Slipperjack worked with the community to translatethe words and phrases. Martha Papah, Lily Slipperjack and Julie Moonias wereresponsible for the syllabic and phonetic translation. Their hard work and commitmentto the project is appreciated by all and was an important factor leading to the completionof this version of the Glossary.

Organization Unit Eabametoong FirstNation

Ministry of NorthernDevelopment and Mines

PROJECT TEAM Martha Papah, SolAtlookan, Lily Slipperjack

IMPLEMENTATIONCOMMITTEE

Andy Yesno, Brad Yesno Lori Churchill, Mike Grant

STEERINGCOMMITTEE

Chief Charlie OkeeseCouncilors: StanleyBoyce, Xavier Sagutch,Corny Nate, IdaMissewace, JosephWaswaFormer Councilors: RonMissewace, AlexMissewace, TonyMoonias

Andy Fyon

EFN/MNDM GlossaryPage viii

s`yacjg`d/

Eè dlhò`d/ Hc dhT`dJ/ H`dGUhsg`D{DFST/| Hc G: f`DfYy`dlSHjl`dhS*HhJ DFST/| HGly`D{ eh`daT`D{ HhElaHtj|Hc Hhs`H`DkGYk`D{ Hc G: HhE/gjyGSy`D{SVx ydlhòHaHtj| E/a DFST/| dlhò`d/*sl/ dG: DFST`djjC| h`dLSHj`D| a`daG`D{*sG: has`y{ edj/`G*YGhV| G: H`ds`yacjs/`G=EhSH/ Hc EhSHuK| HhE/aGSy`D{ Ehy/GW`dj`DHc Hh`daHF`djJh`G*f`DfYy`dlSHjl`dhS y`dJ`D es`yacjSHj`D{Hhdl`dadJh`G y`dJ`D elhy/GI`D{*Sol Atlookan Hc Martha Papah HhDJHUGW`D{ dhT`dJ/yS Hc dlhò`dJ/ HhDjlJrfDW`D{ Hc dh LilySlipperjack Hc Julie Moonias HhFhgJW`D{ EgrdHj`DHc Ehy/GW`dj`D Hhdl`daG`D{ dS HhdlDjlJrf`DW`D{dhT`dJ/*sJ`D G: dh hhUD`SHJ| j`Lk Hc JJ/ HDfahy/GI`D{ HhElT`D{Hc HhSkjfDW`D{ SkJhkHJ/ Hc G: dh Hh`dGUhS`Dad djhhUD`SHJ| s`y| hgjYx*

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EFN/MNDM GlossaryPage ix

Acknowledgements

This glossary of mining terms and words was jointly funded and supported byEabametoong First Nation (EFN) and the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines(MNDM). The glossary is one product resulting from a collaborative EFN-MNDMCommunication Project.

This collaborative project involved participation by EFN community members in decidingon the translated meaning of the words chosen, to meet the needs of the community, inthe proper Eabametoong First Nation Ojibway dialect. Many EFN members were invitedand participated in this translation process. We extend a special thanks to the EFNcommunity as a whole.

A special thank-you also goes out to:

� The Eabametoong First Nation Chief and Council for their support and guidance� The Ministry of Northern Development and Mines for their support and provision of

professional services� Sol Atlookan and Martha Papah for their dedication and commitment to the success

of the communication project� Lily Slipperjack and Julie Moonias for providing their knowledge and time in helping

to translate the words� The 2002-03 Grade 7 class of the John C. Yesno Education Centre and staff that

participated in researching and providing the images to accompany the words in theglossary

� The 2003-04 Grade 5 class of the John C. Yesno Education Centre and staff thatparticipated in researching and providing the images to accompany the words in theglossary.

Thank-you to the people of Eabametoong First Nation....

EFN/MNDM GlossaryPage x

The 2002-03 Grade 7 class of the John C. Yesno Education Centre and staff that participated inresearching and providing the images to accompany the words in the glossary.

The 2003-04 Grade 5 class of the John C. Yesno Education Centre and staff that participated inresearching and providing the images to accompany the words in the glossary.

DFST/|

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Eabametoong First Nation

Glossary of

Geological and Mining-Related Terms

Eabametoong First Nationin partnership with

Ministry of Northern Development and Mines

EFN/MNDM GlossaryPage 1

Acceptable riskHEGfjHt| F/h yY/Gahotabinigateg bangii gegoon

When the chance of something happening issmall enough to allow a project to continue.Walking on thin ice, running into badweather while fishing�these are thedangers people sometimes run into whenharvesting traditional food. With knowledgeand experience these risks are less.

Access roadf`DfYy`dsHJK/Piiwaabikokewimiikanasan

The primary roads that lead to or are built tothe mineral property.

ActivitiesHdJUh`D{ hJJ/TDkj`e`D{Gainanokiiwach kiinanaadoasiniwewach

Something that a prospector or geologistdoes.

Activities


AditHL`oFYuV| f`DfYH/Gazhashwebagoneyag piiwaabikokan

An opening driven horizontally into the sideof a mountain or hill for providing access toa mineral deposit.

Advanced explorationJ`D{ d:f D/Thy/ay`d/Nawach ishpi andokikenchigewin

Highest level of exploration such as drilling,trenching.

AeromagnetichhU`DKFaH/Kikinawazaabachigan

A type of survey that measures the magneticcharacter of rock and is carried out from anairplane.


Airborne surveyD:fs/| HE/aSkJhky`D{Ishpiming kaonchimazinakisigewach

A survey, carried out from an aircraft toobtain photographs, or measure magneticproperties, radioactivity.

AllowFhgjHtBagidinigade

To let someone have or do something.

Alloying agentGYjH/Daagonigan

An element that aids in making alloys.

[An alloying agent is added to steel to makethe steel hard and resist rusting. Steel ismade mostly of iron, with minor amounts ofalloying agents such as carbon, nickel,chromium, manganese, tungsten,molybdenum, vanadium, sulfur, silicon, andphosphorous.]

Alloyshj`HHsjy`d/GinigwagaminigewinA compound of 2 or more metals.[Usually a metal that is prepared by addingother metals or non-metals to a pure metalto change the properties of the alloy metal.Stainless steel is a common alloy.]


AluminumD`DoVf|Awazheyabik

A metallic element that is lightweight andsilver coloured and is abundant in mineralsin rocks.

AnomalyeH HdJfhl/|Ega gahinaabikishing

Any departure from the normal which mayindicate the presence of minerals in theunderlying bedrock. [The dots in this imagerepresent anomalies.]

ApproximatelyYafYGojibigo

More or less accurate or correct.

AreagfJ`edTibinawe�ii

Expanse of any surface or a field of activity.


Area selectionsgfJ`e HgfjHt|Tibinawe gatiibinigadek

Area that has been chosen.

AssayHD/ThyjSHj`d{Gahandookikenimaganiwich

An analysis of a collected mineral sample orspecimen to identify and measure thepresence of base and or precious metals.

Assessment workHD/Thy/aHt| eJfhjySH|Gahandokikenchigateg enabikiniigemagak

The work that must be performed each yearto retain legal control of a mining claimunder the Government of Ontario MiningRegulations.


AssistH`da`G{Kawiichitwach

Give help; aid, act of helping; helper.

AssuranceyaJW`d/Kechinaamowin

A firm promise.

Barren rockeH HOjV`d{ (Dk/)Ega gashooniyaawich (asin)

Rocks with no valuable minerals.


BaseDkj`djHHskH/ Asiniwinigaagaamisigan

A natural or man-made substance that tastesbitter. Many medicines, like cough syrup,taste bitter. Taste is added to cough syrup tocover the bitterness. Wood ash, borax andsoda are bases used to help tan animal pelts.

Base metalsHOjV`dkj`dk|Gashooniyaawisiniwiseg

Non-precious metals.[Copper, zinc, iron, lead, aluminum andnickel are examples of base metals.]

Basic explorationE:h SaG`d DV/Thy/ay`d/Oshki maachitawi ayaandokikenchigewin

First level of exploration consists ofgeological mapping of a small area,removing soil to expose rock or minerals.


BedrockHfSfhl/| (Dk/)Kabimabikishing (asin)

Solid rock forming the earth's crustfrequently covered by soil or water.

BeneficiateHhkJHj`d{ Dk/Gagiziinaaganiwich asin

To concentrate or enrich; often applied tothe preparation of iron ore for smelting.


BlastingF:Hfhky`d/Bashkabikisigewin

To blow up with explosives.

BoundariesHDYgr/aHt|Ka�akodibenchigateg

The outside edges of an area. For example,the line around the park on a map is theboundary of the park.

Brunton compassYVYlU gFF/aH/Goyaagoshino tibabaanchigan

A pocket compass equipped with sights anda reflector, useful for sighting lines,measuring dips and carrying out preliminarysurveys.


Buffer zoneHhFY:hySH| hhU`Da`dgFDH/ Kagibakoshkikemagak kikinowachiwitiba�agan

An area designated to separate.

BulkHslU{KamishiinochHFgU{Kabatiinoch

Large size.

BusinessFFsk`d/ Babaamisiwin

A commercial or sometimes an industrialenterprise.


CadmiumHGYG`Hfhl/|Gaadakodaagwabikishing

An element naturally occurring in minerals.It may be found in higher than normalamounts in some mineral deposits especiallywith copper, lead, and zinc.

CalciumYY/ HG`Hfhk/| Dkj/|Gegoon gadagwabikising asining

An element which is abundant in minerals.

CampsHdlHrl`D{Gahiizhigabeshiiwach

An outdoor area, usually with tents orcabins.


CarbonHHol`Df| Kakaasheshiwabik

An element found in minerals and all livingthings. A common form of carbon ischarcoal. Graphite and diamonds areformed from pure carbon.

Chemical G`HHsjH/Tagwagaminigan

A natural or man-made substance that isused in an industrial process to dosomething useful.

ChlorineYY/ HD`Hfhk/| Dkj/| Gegoon ka�agwabikising asining

An element found in nature in someminerals. Large amounts may bepoisonous to animals and plants. It may beused or produced in industrial processessuch as pulp and paper.


ChromiumHS:H`DfhaySH|Gamashkawabikichikemagag

A metallic element found in minerals innature. It is used in steel to make it harder.

Circular`D`dcVWawiiyeya

A round shape.

ClaimgFDH/Tiba'akan

An area of land on which mineral rights areowned by a person or company forpurposes of exploration.


Claims stakingHhhU`DaaHt| gFDH/Gakikiinowachichiigadeg tiba'akan

The activity of defining or puttingboundaries around an area to explore.

ClosureHhFYdHt|

Kakibakohigadeg

The mine is formally closed and the site isreturned to nature.

Cobalt KiH`Df|Sasekawabik

A metallic substance found in minerals. It isgray and used in iron and steel alloys and tomake blue glass. It can be made radioactivefor use in X-rays and medicine.

Collected HWLHkj`e{Gamooshaagasiniwech

The collecting of precious minerals.


CommunicationgFaW`d/Tibaachimowin

An act of giving information, message.

CommunityGly`d/Dazhiikewin

A group of people that live in the sameplace, share common interests or needs, andinteract with each other.

Competitive bid/Invitation to TenderDUh`dH`yFhJg`d/Anokiiwigagwebakinadiwin

A mine may pay for other companies to dowork or provide equipment or a service. Inorder to get the best value the mine willrequest a price and description of how thework will be done from several companies.The mines may take the lowest bid.


ComputerHElfy`Dti|Kahozhibikewadeseg

A machine used to enter, organize, andprocess data and information.

ConcentratorHlhkVfHF`DI{Gashikisiiyabikabaawaasoch

A milling machine that produces aconcentrate of valuable minerals or metals.Further treatment is required to recover thepure metal.

ConcernJJHG`ejs`e`d/Nanaagadaweniimiiwewin

To involve someone or to be of interest.

Concrete`DfH/ Waabigan

A construction material made of sand andgravel bound together with cement into ahard stone-like substance.


ConfirmyaJaYKechinachigo

Make sure, verify; strengthen, settle, makevalid; ratify, administer confirmation to.

Consolidated minerals/materialsHS:`Hfhk{Gamashkwaabikisich

A massive or solid stone or other mineraldeposit that must be cut, blasted or loosenedby some method to be mined, e.g.,limestone, granite, shale, etc.

ContourhhU`DGh`dfdHjV}Kikinowadakibihiganiyap

A line on the map which connects points ofequal value. On one side of the contour thearea will be below the value and on theother side it will be above the value. Thecontour may be used to show such things asthe elevation or the gold grade of rocks.


ConveyorhafI/ Dkj| HhlFDfyi`D{Kichipisoon asiniig kakishibaabikesewach

A long loop (belt) of material stretched overa series of rollers. Motors make the rollersand belt move. Conveyors are often used inmines to move rocks from one place toanother.

DamhFYjH/ Kiibaakonigan

A barrier built to hold back something. Inmining, tailings (the waste products frommining) are kept in large areas and held inplace by tailing dams.

Datajftfdy`d/Niibiidebihigewin

A list of observations that are collected byinstruments or descriptions made by lookingat the earth.

DepletedHDjDHkU{ Dk/

Ga�aniagasinoch asin

To become smaller by gradually being usedup. For example the amount of ore at amine is depleted over time through mining.


Deliverfs`day`d/

Pimiwichigewin

Carry goods to a destination.

DepositS`D/Gkj`e`d/ Mawandasiniwewin

A mass of naturally occurring mineralmaterial usually of economic value.

DevelopmentHDjElk/|Kahanihoshising

An area transformed for community use,e.g., housing development.

Diamond drillf`DfYHjFYudH/Piiwaabikokanibagone�igan

A rotary type of rock drill in which thecutting is done by abrasion rather thanpercussion.


DifferentrFH/Pebakan

Not the same.

DipHEfwDfhl/| (Dk/)Gahopimehabikishing (asin)

The angle a rock face makes from thehorizontal. For example, a vein to be minedmay be at a 70 degree dip or angle from theground surface. The path that a ball willtrace or follow when it rolls down a slope.

Dore barD:H`D{ HDG`DI{Ishkawaach ga�adaawasoch

The final saleable product of a gold mine.

DredgeHWhfhfaySH|Kamookiibiikibichikemagag

The machine that scoops the earth from thebottom of a river.


DrillDkj`dFYudH/Asiniwibagone�igan

A machine used to drill holes into theground to sample the soil, rock, or to makeholes to fill explosives.

Drill hole

Dumpf`DfYHj`dkh`efjH/Piiwaabikokaniwisikiiwepinigan

An area where the waste rock is moved to,to get at the valuable mineral.

Duringw`H{Megwach

Within a particular time.


DustHFt| fY/Kabatek Pikon

A very fine particle or matter that can beblown into the air.

DynamiteF:HfhkH/Bashkabikisigan

Explosive.

EconomicOjVy`d/Shooniyaagewin

Industrial significance.

Electrical substation`DkYuay`dHs|Wasigonechikewigamik

The site where electrical equipment islocated.


Electrical/ElectricityHDVOYuVfyi|Ka�ayashookoneyaabikeseg

Electricity is a type of energy used byindustry in large amounts.

ElectricianEJfydy`djj Onabike�igwinini

A person whose work is to construct, repairor install electric equipment and machinery.

Electromagnetic (EM) surveyHDVOYu`dJafaySH|Gahayashokonewinachibichigemagag

A geophysical survey method whichmeasures the electromagnetic properties ofrocks.

Electronicsf`DfYHj`dDFaGHJ/Piiwaabikokaniwiihabaachitaganan

Equipment made up of wires and electricalparts. Radios, computers, and TVs areelectronics.


Environmental impact studyS`D/Tfy`d/Mawaandobiigewin

A written report compiled prior to aproduction decision that examines theeffects proposed mining activities wouldhave on the natural surroundings of anexploration property.

ErosionHhf:Hfh:H{Gagibishkabikishkach

The natural breaking down and subsequentremoval of either rock or surface material.

Expeditorf`DfYy`dElG`djj Piiwaabikokewihozhiitawinini

The person or company that purchasessupplies and sends them to a camp.

ExpenditureFJaay`d/Banachichigewin

A cost of buying something or service.


Extract/extractionrFH/ HdlDKHj`d{ (Dk/)Pebaakan ka�ishiasaaganiwich (asin)

To remove ore from the ground duringmining; to separate metals and mineral fromore during concentration.

Exploref`DfYy`dJJ/Thy/ay`d/Piiwaabikokewinanaadokikenchigewin

Examine or scrutinize the land.

ExposedDk/ HWoVfhl/|Asin kamoosheyabikishing

The mineral or rock that is revealed and leftunprotected.

FaultDh HG:HFui|Aki gatashkabaaneseg

A zone where the earth has cracked orbroken and is now weak, resulting in slidingof one rock mass along another.


Favourable areaHlt`r/GY|Gazhidebwendagook

An area where valuable minerals occur.

Federal HJG lSHjlEhSKanada shimaganishii�ogimaa

Federal Government of Canada

Federal / provincial mineral agreementlSHjl`dDkjyJYGW`d/Shimaganishiwiasinikenaadotamowin

An agreement between the federalgovernment and a province concerning theownership and disposition of mineralsunderlying reserve lands.

FieldsoHs|MishekamigF:`HBashkwa

Open land area free of woods.[Also a word used by geologists to describethe area where they work, such as the�bush�].


FinancialdJfhjy`d/Inaabikinigewin

The management and use of money bybusinesses, banks and governments.

FlightlineHVVOYt|Gayayaashoogoodeg

The path followed by an airplane thatconducts an airborne survey.

FoldH`DHfhk{Gawaagaabikisich

A shape resulting when rocks are bent.


Formal`e`ej HlaHj`D|Weweni gazhijikaniwang

Proper and not casual. Official.

Fulfillment`D`Dj fs`day`d/Weweni bimiwichikewin

To perform or to do what is needed; satisfythe need, wish or ambition.

Geochemical surveyDkj/HJJ/ThyjS`D{Asininkananaandokikenimawach

Rocks, sand, or material from the ground orbottom of a lake are collected and then thechemical composition is measured in alaboratory.


GeologyDkj`dJJ/Thy/ay`d/Asiniwinanaadokikenchigewin

Study of the natural processes that shape theearth (e.g., wind and water erosion,volcanoes, earthquakes, etc.) andconcentrate minerals.

Geological mappingDkjy Dh`dSkudH/Asinike akiwimazine'igan

Describing the types, physical features, andlocation of rock or sand and gravel depositson a map.

GeologistJJ/Thy/ay`djjNanaandokikenchigewinini

A person that studies rocks and minerals.


Geophysical Dj/ DhelJY|Aniin aki�eshinagok

Of or pertaining to the science dealing withthe physics of the earth.

GeophysicsDhHjlDVVaJY|Akikanishihayayaachinagok

Science dealing with the physics of theearth.

GlaciershasYx HFFSEY{Kichimikom kapapaamahoogoch

River of ice; slow moving mass of iceformed by accumulated snow in themountain valleys.


GoldEK`Dk/ OzaawasinOjVDk/Shooniyaasin

A yellow precious metal.

GossanH`Hfhl/|Gagwabikishing

The rusted oxidized capping or staining of amineral deposit generally formed by theoxidation or alteration of iron sulfides.

Grab sampleDk/ HEGfJHj`d{Asin gahotabinaganiwich

A sample taken at random. It is assayed todetermine if valuable elements are containedin the rock.

GraphHhU`DaALYfdH/Gigiinawachiichashagobi'iigan

A diagram that shows the relationshipbetween numbers and amounts.


Greenstone beltOjVDk/ HGuaHj`d{ eJfhl/|Zhooniyaasin gadanenchikaniwich enabikishing

Area of high mineral potential.

Gross valueHSWG`Kf`yk{Gamamodaswabikwesich

The estimated value of the ore body beforededuction.

GroundWGHs|Modagamig

The surface of the earth.

HectaresHH| gFDF/Kakaak diba'abaan

A unit of area in the metric system equal toabout 2 1/2 acres or 10,000 square metres.


History`e:Y{ dlay`d/Weshkoch ishichigewin

Record and study of past events.

HoistHd`HfyfayiSH|Gahikwabikebichiikesemagag

The machine used for raising and loweringthe cage or other conveyance in a shaft.


Host rockH`d`yVfhl/| Dk/Gawigweyabikishing asin

The rock surrounding an ore deposit.

IdentifiesHDVV/TjIG`dJ`d/{ Dk/ Kaayayandonisotawinawinch asin

Establish identity of; recognize a person orobject in a group; associate one self with.

IgneousHDjS:H`Dfh:H{Gahanimashkawabikishkach

A type of rock or mineral that solidifiedfrom molten or partly molten material.

IncludesHGY|Gadagok

To contain something or someone as part ofsomething else.


IndependentHgrjgI{Katibenidisoch

Not subject to others, self reliant, free.

Industrial mineralsOjV`Dk/ Hf`DfYHI`D{Shooniyaasin kapiiwaabikokasoch

Non-metallic, non-fuel minerals used intheir natural state in the chemical andmanufacturing industries.

Industryf`DfYy`dHs| (Dk/)Piiwaabikokewikamig (asin)

Manufacture, processing of goods; branchof this; diligence; habitual hard work.


Information`d/GSy`d/Wiindamagewin

The communication or reception ofknowledge or intelligence.

InitiativeH`dDjdlayV/Kawianiishichikeyan

To do something independently of outsideinfluence or control; driven by one self;self-motivation; get-up-and-go; works bythemself.

Intermediate explorationsJ`D Hjli| JJThy/ay`d/Miinawaa ganiishiseg nanaadokikenchigewin

More exploration than basic exploration, butnot as sophisticated as advanced exploration.

InterpretationDjHUGSy`d/Anikanodamagewin

Translate; teaching technique that stressesappreciation, and understanding.


Intersection faultsDh HDltG:hHshi|Aki kahazhidedashkigamigiseg

A zone where the earth has cracked orbroken that cut across each other.

IntrusionHslUSW`Dfh:H{Gamishiinomaamowabikishkach

A mass of igneous rock formed by theconsolidation of magma intruded into otherrocks.

Knowledgehy/GS`d/Kikendamawin

Knowing what one knows, learning.


LandDh Aki

Solid part of earth's surface; ground, soil;country property consisting of land.

Land acquisitionDh H`dlD/TDkj`Dt|Aki gawizhi-andoo'asiniwadeg

To have legal use or ownership of the land.

LeaseD`dVI`d/Awiiyazowin

A document that grants an individual aproperty interest in land or minerals.

LevelHEfwf/gyVjHt| HGJUhHt|Gahopimebiindikeyanikadeggadaananokiikadeg

The horizontal openings of a workinghorizon in a mine.


Limited strippingF/h Dh HfLh`erdHt|Bangi aki gabishakiwebehigadeg

Clearing, by prospectors, of a small area ofrock using water or shovels in order to seethe buried rock.

Location`egJydWetinakei

Placing; situation.

MagneticHJafaySH|Kanachibichigemagak

Related to or characterized by the earth�smagnetism.


MagnetismH`dYfaySH|Kawiikobijigemagak

A character of a rock or material that is likethe force in nature which is seen in amagnet.

MagnetometerDFaGH/ HE/ahy/GY|Apachitagan ga�onchikikendagok

An instrument used to measure the magneticcharacter of a rock.

MappingDh`dSkjfdy`d/Akiwimazinibi�igewin

Depicting geological information on a flatsurface. Collecting geological informationin the field to produce a map.

MapsDh`dSkudHJ/ Akiwimazine�iganan

Flat representation of the earth.


MeasuresgFyjy` d/Dibabiikinigewin

An action intended to achieve a result.

Metallic mineralsH`DKfhI{ Dk/Gawasabikisooch asin

Minerals that present either a metallic sheenor luster in their appearance making themshiny.

MineralsDk/ Hf`DfYHI{Asin kapiiwaabikokasoch

Naturally occurring substances with specificchemical compositions.

Mineral leaseDkjy`dSkudHu;Asinikewimazine�iganes

A document issued under the OntarioGovernment Mining Regulations that grantsa right to explore, develop and produceminerals within the lease area.


Mineral occurrenceDk/ HGlGujSHj`d{Asin gadashidaanenimaganiwich

A place, site or deposit, of which little maybe known, except that specific mineralshave been identified and recorded.

Minef`DfYy`dHsY/Piiwaabikokewigamigon

Deep hole for digging out coal and metals.

Miningf`DfYy`d/ Piiwaabikokewin

To seek valuable materials in.

Mining Actf`DfYy`d dJYjy`dJ/Piiwaabikokewi inaakonigewinan

Legislation that governs mining in Ontario.


Mining campf`DfYy`dHrl`d/Piiwaabikokewigabeshiwin

A small area where there is a large numberof mines.

MinistrylSHjl`dhS`d/Shiimaganishiwikimawin

A department of the Ontario Governmentfocused on specific issues.M.N.D.MLSHjl`df`DfYy`d/ Shimaganishiwipiiwaabikokewin

Acronym for Ministry of NorthernDevelopment and Mines, responsible forpromoting northern economic andcommunity development and coordinatingthe delivery of programs and services in theNorth; also responsible for enhancingmineral sector competitiveness and ensuringthe sustainable development of Ontario�smineral resources.ModernUyx Hdli|Nogoom kahizhiseg

Present or recent time version of somethingthat already exists.

ANTIQUE

MODERN


MonitoringJHaay`d/Nagachichiikewin

To watch to make sure that rules arefollowed.

MountainD`HSgJAkwaamadina

A large area with steep sides that may reachmany kilometres into the sky.

Net profit interestH H:haySH|Ga-gashkichigemagag

Profit remaining after all the depreciationshave been deducted.


Net smelter returnG`Kf| HhH:hay`D{Daswabik gagiikashkichigewach

An interest in a mining property held by thevendor on the net revenue generated fromthe sale of metal produced by the mine.

New road (s)E:h sHJy`d/Oshki miikanakewin

Newly created wide path with a smoothsurface on which vehicles and people travel.

New trailE:h dJWaH/Oshki inamochigan

A new and narrow track the people walkalong.


No claimsH`d/ gFDHtkU/Gaawiin tibahakadesinoon

An area where no claims are staked.

No new roadsH`d/ aE:hsHJy`D{Gaawiin chihoshkimiikanakewach

An area where there are no packed roads forvehicles to travel.

Non-metallic mineralsH`d/ yY/ HdJFgkk|Gaawiin gegoon gahinabadisisik

Minerals that do not contain extractablemetals in their chemical composition. Theexample here is halite, or salt.

NuggetFYGHs| HsH`DHj`d{Biigotakamig gamikawakaniwich

A lump of precious metal found free in itsnatural environment.


ObservedJJHaay`d/Nanaagachichigewin

Notice, remark; watch; note systematically,keep, follow, make a remark.

Open pitEhGHs| f`DfYH/Ogidakamig piiwaabikokan

A surface mine open to daylight, such as aquarry.

OperationHfSUhH/t|Gabiimanokiikandeg

An event that has been carefully plannedand involves a lot of people.

Operation Treasure HuntE/tbC OjVDk/ JJ/Thy/ay`d/Ontario shooniyaasin nanaandokikenchigewin

Ontario Government program togeologically map the north.


Ore bodyHE`Hfhl/| Dk/Gahokwabikishing asin

A body of minerals known and proven tooccur in a quantity and quality economicallyviable for mining.

Ore reservesDk/ HhDV/ThyjSHj`d{Asin gagihayandookikenimaganiwich

Ore that has been sampled extensively andreserved or set aside for later removal.

OutcropDk/ HKHfhl/|Asin gazaagabikishing

An exposure of rock or mineral deposit thatcan be seen on the surface.


PatternHSSkJfhk{Ga-mamaazinabikisich

A repeating arrangement of colors, shapesand figures.

PlacerHhkVfHRY{Gakisiiyabikapoogoch

A mineral deposit usually formed by riversand streams that concentrate heavy mineralparticles, such as gold.

Plan`D`eJYjy`d/Wawenaakonigewin

Ideas and steps that guide your activities toreach a desired goal.


PlanningJHjEJO`e`d/Niikanionashoowewin

Way of proceeding; projects, design; maps,etc.

PolicyDJYjy`dfdH/Inaakonikewibiigan

Course of action adopted; plan or course ofaction or guiding principle by a government,political party, or business, intended toinfluence and determine decisions, actions,and other matters.

The (Ontario) Aboriginal Policy Framework,October 23, 2003, SUPPORTINGABORIGINAL SELF-RELIANCETHROUGH ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTThe Aboriginal Policy Framework guidesOntario's approach to Aboriginal affairs and wasestablished to ensure that provincial policies,programs and services directed to Aboriginalpeople help create opportunities for employmentand economic development, which will strengthenthe self-reliance of Aboriginal communities.

Portal HE/aSGjHt| f`DfYH/Kaonchimadanikadeg piiwaabikokan

A surface entrance to a mine.

Power`DKYu/aH/ HE/afsVSH|Wasakonenchigan kaonchibimiyamagak Electric source of energy used to runmachinery and lighting.


Power line`DKYuaHuV}Wasakonechikaneyaa

The cables, poles and towers used to carryelectricity from one place to another.

PrecambrianjGx Dkj`dJJThy/ay`d/Nitam asiniwinanaadokikenchigewin

The earliest part of the geological time scale(oldest), including all corresponding rocks,equivalent to about 9 percent of geologictime.

Precious metalsHhG/hI{ Dk/Gagiitangisoch asin

Metals having value.


Pre-feasibility/feasibility studyfsV/Thy/ay`d/Pimiyaandokikenchigewin

A study of a mineral deposit to see if it canbe mined at a profit.

PreliminaryHE/aSaGj`D/|Ga�onchimachitaniwang

Introductory, preparatory statement; anearly step or situation that is likely tochange.

Pressure (PSI/MPa)HSYjySH|KamagonigemagakHSY:hySH|Kamagoshkikemagak

Pressure is the amount of push onsomething or the amount of force suppliedspread over an area.

ProductionHElaHt|Ka�ozhichikadeg

The process of manufacturing or growingsomething. The total amount produced.


ProductsHhlaHj`d{Kagishichiganiwich

The amount, quantity, or total produced.

Profit and loss statementHDjdJfhjySH|Gahanihiinabikinigemagak

The income statement of the company,detailing revenues minus total costs to givetotal profit.

ProjectsDuh`duK/Anokiiwinesan

A plan, scheme, design.

ProgramsEjay`d/OnachigewinEJay`dJ/Onachigewinan

Detailed notes of proceedings; a set of long-term projects that follow Governmentpolicy.


Propertygr/ay`d/Tiipenchigewin

The area of land that has been defined ormarked out; a mineral property is an areamarked out by claim posts that usuallycontains mineral occurrences.

ProspectingJJ/T`Dkj`d/ Nanaandowasiniwin

To explore an area for mineral deposits.

Prospector JJ/T`Dkj`ejjNanaandowasiniwenini

A person who looks for valuable minerals.


ProvideE/aGSy`d/Onchiitamagewin

Make preparations, supply, equip and give.

To supply the things that someone needs. Toset down as a rule or condition.

Provincialrfh: DhK/Pebikish akisan

Ontario Government

Publishedhy/GSy`d/ Kikendamagwin

Something that has been prepared andissued for sale.


Pump`d`ydF/Wiikwehiban

A machine that moves or lifts a fluid fromone place to another.

PurchasingDG`e`d/Adaawewin

To buy; the people in a company who buythe supplies and equipment.

Quartz `dj`Jf|Wiininwabik

A very common mineral, usually white orclear, hard to mine. It is a common hostrock for gold.

RadioactiveJjK/L`FtlU`d/Naniisaan shapwateshinowin

The property of some natural elements togive off very small particles and breakdown over time.


Raise `d`HfyfaH/ Wikwaabikepichigan

A vertical shaft or an underground mineusually built from the bottom up.

RampdJ/G`eWaH/Inandawemochigan

An underground tunnel leading down intothe mine. (Diagram from Placer Dome website.)

RecordHDjElfdHt|Ka�anihozhibiihigaadeg

The necessary claim-staking paperwork thatis submitted to the MNDM.


RegionlSHjl`dgr/ay`d/Shimaganishiwitibenchigewin

Area district, stretch of country.

RegulateEJYjy`d/Onaakonigewin

To bring under control of law or constitutedauthority.

Rehabilitationah`edlJYaHt|Chigiiwehizhinaagochigadeg

To change the land back to its natural form.

Rehabilitation planah`eEJaHt/Chigiiwehonachigadeg

A document submitted to MNDM outlininghow the land will be changed back to itsnatural form.

Before:

After:


ReleaseFhgjHtPagidinigade

Written discharge; permission to showpublicly.

Requiremente/G`e/GY|Endawendagok

Something that you need to do or have.

Reservationd:YjH/Ishkonigan

A place where native people (aboriginal)live.

ResidueHd:YJHj`d{ Kahishkonaaganiwich

What is left, remainder.


Rock/rocksDk//Dkj|Asin, asinig

Consolidated or unconsolidated solidmineral or minerals.

Rock breakerDkj`dhf:h`eFdH/Asiniwikipishkiweba�igan

A piece of heavy equipment, usually ontracks, that breaks large boulders intosmaller pieces.

RoyaltyF`yJSy`d/ Pakwenamaagewin

An amount of money paid to someone else,usually based on an amount of ore removedor a certain portion of the profit.

SafetyJjagI`d/ Naanichitisowin

The work to rid an area of risk or dangers sothat no one is harmed while working.


SampleDV/Thy/ay`d/Ayaandokikenchigewin

A piece of rock, drillcore or soil sent fortesting/assaying to find out what is in it.

ScheduleE/JO`efdH/ . Onnazhowebii�igan

A detailed plan for the timing of the variousparts, elements and procedures.

SectionhhU`DafdH/Kikinowachibii�igan

A drawing of something that presents apicture as if looking through a window fromthe side.

Security feehLagrdy`d/Giizhachi-dibe�iigewin

A payment made to DIAND by a permit orleaseholder.


Sediment rockHS`D/T`Dfh:H{Gamawaandowabikishkach

Fragments, gravel, sand, clay, mud, or partsof plants and animals moved by air, wind,water, or ice, which pile up. This pile mayharden and form sedimentary rocks.

Sedimentary rock, soft rockHS`D/T`Dfh:H`D{Gamawaandowabikishkawach

Sedimentary rocks are those that form frompieces of other rocks, sand, mud or clay laiddown by water or air over time.Sedimentary rocks are usually younger andless hard than other types of rock.

Sensitive areaHlSJt/GY|Gashimaanatendagok

An area that has a spiritual meaning; adelicate mix of plants that would be hurt bysome type of activities.


SequenceHjl`dHt|Ganizhiiwikadeg

The order in which things go.

ServeDUhGSy`d/ Anokiitamagewin

Work for/under, attend, and provide; tohelp.

Service industryFFsk`dfs`day`d/ H`daG`D{Babaamisiwibimiwichigewin gawiichitawach

The companies that provide goods andservices.

Settling pondKydHu; HYKfVHsk/|Sake�iiganes gakosabiiyagamising

An area where mine water and site runoffwater is kept while any solid particles sinkto the bottom so that the clear water left canbe released to the environment.


Shaft Hdl`HfyiJj`D/| Gahizhikwabikesenaniwang

A vertical or nearly hollow space like anelevator shaft built in mines to move people,goods and rocks up and down through themine.

Shift (work shift)ww:YGUh`d/ Memeshgotanokiiwin

A shift is the hours a worker or groups ofworkers are on the job. Workers take turnsworking each of the 2 or 3 shifts in rotation.

Shovel (mechanical)Dkj`d`HFdH/Asiniwikwabahigan

A piece of heavy machinery with a scoop(bucket) on the front that picks up brokenrock and loads it into trucks.

ShowingHKHfhl/|Gasagabikishing

A place where a valuable mineral is visibleon the surface of the earth or has beendiscovered hidden in the ground.


SkillHdlJHaT{ DUh`d/ Kahishinaagachiitoch - Anokiiwin

Training or knowledge of a certain job. Theability to do something well.

SkipSH|SH`Hg|MakaakMakaakwatik

A container to haul rock from a mine.

SmelterHdljhI{ Dk/ Gahizhinigisoch asin

A place where a metal is separated from therock. Metal-bearing minerals (concentrated)are heat-treated with chemicals to produce ametal. This is the process used after millingor concentrating and before refining.

SocialHdlS`DadgJj`D/|Gahishimawachihitinaniwang

The interaction of individual and groups; thewelfare of human beings as members ofsociety.


Society; socialHdlGlyJj`D/| Gahishitashiikenaniwang

Living in communities; relating to informalgathering.

Socio-economic study`eUgk`d/ Hc HGlHj`D|JJ/Thyay`d/Wenotisiwin gaye katashikaniwangnanaandokikenchigewin

A study of the effects of a project on thewealth and well being of the people wholive in the area.

SoilDL:hAzhaashki

The thin layer of the earth�s surface whereplants grow.

Soil-samplingDL:h HV/Thy/aHt|Azhaashki kaayandoo kikenchigadeg

In mineral exploration, soil may be sampledand tested for trace elements to getinformation about the rock lying below.


SpacingHG`di|Gadaawiseg

The distance between flightlines followedby an airplane that conducts an airbornesurvey.

StabilityHdJt| yS HSgjHt|Ga�inateg gemaa kemadinigadeg

Measure of whether something will remainin place or will move.

Staking gFDh`d/Tiba�agiwinhhU`Daay`d/Kikinowachichigewin

A procedure described in mining law formarking an area that is claimed for mineralexploration.

StandardHhau/GY| Kakichinendagok

Accepted example of something againstwhich others are judged; degree of quality.


Standard-EnvironmentdJay`d/ HfsjodHt| Inaachikewin kabiminishe�igadeg

A rule or procedure that one should follow.

Prospectors and Developers Association ofCanada

StopeD`H/G`eW/|Akwantawemong

An underground excavation formed byworking in a series of steps when miningvertical deposits.

StrikeHdJfhl/|Ga�inabikishing HdJFul/|Gainabaneshing

The direction of rock, veins, or rock featuresmeasured on a horizontal surface.

Strip/StrippingDh HfLh`eFdHt|Aki gabishakiweba�igadeg

To take the vegetation and dirt from the topof rock in order to view and sample formineral exploration. Stripping may be doneby hand or by machine.


SulphideEK`D/tVf|Onzawandeyabik

A mineral made of sulphur with otherelements and a metal.

SupervisorHjHj:H`DadEGUh|Ganiiganishkawachi�iodaanokiig

A person who looks after and manages otherworkers. Most people in a mining job willhave a supervisor that they work with.

Supply/DemandHEJhth/ DfaGHJ/ Ga�onaagiidegin abachitaganaan

A cycle of prices and supplies. If there is alot of a product made, the price decreases asit becomes harder to sell.

Surface mineEhGHs| HFYuHsH| f`DfYH/ Okidagami gabaakonegamigak piiwaabikokan

A mine, open to the surface. The same as anopen pit or open cut mine.


SurveygFDh Tibaa�aki

A survey is a measure of something.

SurveyinggFDh`d/ Tibaa�akiwin

Surveying is the work done to locate thingsvery accurately usually using some type ofaccurate instrument or measuring device.

SurveyorgFDh`djj Tibaa�akiwinini

One who reports results of a survey.

Sustainable developmentaEl`dH/aHt| jH/ ydlsUi`D{ Chi�ozhiwiikanchigadeg niigan ke�izhiminosewach

To develop resources in such way so as notto cause harm or difficulties for people andthe environment now or for futuregenerations.


Tailings`efjH/Webinigan

Waste material left over from mining.Tailings are ground up rock (sand) that havebeen through a mill.

Tailings dam `efjHjDkj`dhFY:YaH/Webiniiganiasiniwikibagoshgochigan

The place where tailings are kept. Thetailings are held in this location to preventleakage to the environment, often behind adam.

TargetHdlGujSHj`d{ OjVDk/Gaizhidanenimaaganiwich shooniyaasin

A place where you might expect valuableminerals to be present. Targets are usuallytested through diamond drilling.

TechnicalHd:fhy/GI{

Kahishpikikendasoch

Terms, words or pictures relating to aspecific topic.


TerrainDhH/|Akikang

A geographical area or the physical featuresof a tract of land.

Till HhjH`dG`D/h:H{ Gakiniigawidaawangishkach

A mix of rock debris from clay to bouldersthat was left by glaciers and covers most ofOntario. Till is often found immediatelyabove rock.

TimegrdH/Tibehigan

The past, present and future measured inseconds, minutes, hours, and so on. Tomeasure how long something takes.

Tons/Tonnesj`KsG`K| HfG/| Nizhwamidaswek gaapidang

A ton or a short ton is a unit of weight equalto 2000 pounds. A long ton is equal to 2240pounds.


Toxic substancefaR`d/Pichiibowin

A material that can be harmful to livingthings, depending on how much �bad�material is present. Some animals are verysensitive to some types of material whileothers are not.

Traditional HdlfSgk{ Kahishibimadisich

Unwritten body of facts handed down fromgeneration to generation.

Traditional activitiesHhy DjlUr dlay`dJ/Gakiike anishinabe izhichikewinan

Activities historically carried out by FirstNations.


Traditional landsHhy DjlJrEGh`d/ Gakiike anishinabe�odakiwin

Land that is or was historically used by FirstNations for traditional purposes.

Traditional valuesDjlJrEhtGW`d/ Anishinabe okitendamowin

Customs and principles that are handeddown from generation to generation.

TraildJWaH/Inaamochigan

A narrow track of land that people oranimals walk along.

TreatmentGYjH/ aE/as`JHs|Dakooniigan chionchiiminwakamig

A method or remedy for correcting aproblem.


TreatyDOGSyfdH/Ashootamagebiigan

An agreement or contract between nations.

Trench/TrenchingG:Hjy`d/Dashkanikewin A long narrow hole dug down through anarea to expose rock, or an area blasted intorock to expose fresh rock. Trenching is doneto get a good sample of the rock.

Tunnel/DriftDJSHs| HdJjHt|Anamakamig kainanikateg

A tunnel is a horizontal long and narrowhole in the ground. A drift is a tunnel,which follows along the rock to be mined,rather than crossing through the rock to bemined (a crosscut).

Underground mineDJsHsYf`DfYH/ Anamikamigopiiwaabiikokan

A mine where work is down under thesurface of the ground and is not open to thesky.


Unconsolidated mineralsHhf:Hfhi{Gakibishkabikisech

Loose materials found in deposits that canbe excavated easily without cutting orblasting to be mined.

UnitshhU`DagFDH/Gigiinowaachiitibaa'akan

An amount used as a standard ofmeasurement.

University/College HahhUDSg`d/ Gichikikinoamadiwin

The highest level of school.

Uranium HYkYfaR`DfYk{ Gakosikopichibowaabiikosin

A very heavy metallic element found asminerals in nature. It is mined for use as afuel (nuclear). It is radioactive and can killplants and animals.


ValueHhGh/t|Gakiitagindeg

To assess how much something is worth.

VegetationjG`DhaHJ/Nitawaagichiganan

Plants, wildflowers, moss or trees

.

VeinHG:HfH|Gadashkabikag

A crack in a rock filled by minerals thathave traveled upward from deep source.


VentilationrhJ`SkaH/Pekinamwasichigan

A system that supplies fresh air to areaswhere people are working. All undergroundmines have ventilation systems.

Venture capitalFJaay`d/Banachichiigewin

Money to be spent on a business or mineraldevelopment project. As an investor, youare able to share in the profits.

VolcanoDJsfYgJ| d:Yt HF:ht|Anamipikodinak ishkode gabashkiteg

A natural vent in the earth�s crust throughwhich steam and fluid rock from deep inthe earth flow or blow out.

Volume HdjY`H| yY/Gainikokwag gegoon

The size of something in area and height.

Waste`efjH/Wepinigan

In mining, waste is the rejected or left overpart after most of the mineral has beenremoved. It can be waste rock moved inorder to get to the valuable mineral.


Waste rockf`DfYHj`dDk/ HDVFgkk|Piwaabiikokaniwiasin kaayapatisisik

Rock that has to be removed duringmining in order to get at the ore.

Water qualityH`DoVHs/| jf Gawazheyagaming nibi

The nature of the water or what is in it. Thehealth of the water.

Wealth`eUgk`d/ Wenotisiwin

Owning a lot of money or property.

Withdrawn (from) stakingHdlRjhhU`DaaHj`D/|Gahishibonikikinowachichiganiwank

Land that is withdrawn from staking.


WorkDUh`dJ/Anokiiwinan

The effort or labour to get something done.

Work permitDUh`dSkudHu;Anokiwimazineiganes

The permission given by the Government(e.g., MNR) to do specific things includingbuilding roads and bridges. The work permitmust be applied for far ahead of time andany conditions of the permit must befollowed.

YearsGI fR/Daso biboonGI hhUJ`d/Daso gigiinonawin.

The period of time in which the Earth makesa complete trip around the Sun.

EFN/MNDMGlossaryPage 81

Metric Conversion Table

Conversion from SI to Imperial Conversion from Imperial to SI

SI Unit Multiplied by Gives Imperial Unit Multiplied by Gives

LENGTH1 mm 0.039 37 inches 1 inch 25.4 mm1 cm 0.393 70 inches 1 inch 2.54 cm1 m 3.280 84 feet 1 foot 0.304 8 m1 m 0.049 709 chains 1 chain 20.116 8 m1 km 0.621 371 miles (statute) 1 mile (statute) 1.609 344 km

AREA1 cm@ 0.155 0 square inches 1 square inch 6.451 6 cm@1 m@ 10.763 9 square feet 1 square foot 0.092 903 04 m@1 km@ 0.386 10 square miles 1 square mile 2.589 988 km@1 ha 2.471 054 acres 1 acre 0.404 685 6 ha

VOLUME1 cm# 0.061 023 cubic inches 1 cubic inch 16.387 064 cm#1 m# 35.314 7 cubic feet 1 cubic foot 0.028 316 85 m#1 m# 1.307 951 cubic yards 1 cubic yard 0.764 554 86 m#

CAPACITY1 L 1.759 755 pints 1 pint 0.568 261 L1 L 0.879 877 quarts 1 quart 1.136 522 L1 L 0.219 969 gallons 1 gallon 4.546 090 L

MASS1 g 0.035 273 962 ounces (avdp) 1 ounce (avdp) 28.349 523 g1 g 0.032 150 747 ounces (troy) 1 ounce (troy) 31.103 476 8 g1 kg 2.204 622 6 pounds (avdp) 1 pound (avdp) 0.453 592 37 kg1 kg 0.001 102 3 tons (short) 1 ton (short) 907.184 74 kg1 t 1.102 311 3 tons (short) 1 ton (short) 0.907 184 74 t1 kg 0.000 984 21 tons (long) 1 ton (long) 1016.046 908 8 kg1 t 0.984 206 5 tons (long) 1 ton (long) 1.016 046 90 t

CONCENTRATION1 g/t 0.029 166 6 ounce (troy)/ 1 ounce (troy)/ 34.285 714 2 g/t

ton (short) ton (short)1 g/t 0.583 333 33 pennyweights/ 1 pennyweight/ 1.714 285 7 g/t

ton (short) ton (short)

OTHER USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS

Multiplied by1 ounce (troy) per ton (short) 31.103 477 grams per ton (short)1 gram per ton (short) 0.032 151 ounces (troy) per ton (short)1 ounce (troy) per ton (short) 20.0 pennyweights per ton (short)1 pennyweight per ton (short) 0.05 ounces (troy) per ton (short)

Note:Conversion factorswhich are in boldtype areexact. Theconversion factorshave been taken fromor havebeenderived from factors given in theMetric PracticeGuide for the CanadianMining andMetallurgical Industries, pub-lished by the Mining Association of Canada in co-operation with the Coal Association of Canada.

ISSN 0704--2752ISBN 0--7794--7148--2

glossary geological mining terms

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