crowdfunding: a new way of financing movies
TRANSCRIPT
CLUSTER INNOVATION CENTRE University of Delhi, New Delhi-110007
B.A. Honors (Humanities and Social Sciences)
Crowdfunding: A new way of financing movies
Project mentor- Prof. Nirmal kumar Group members Hrishabh Jha
Amulya Aphle
Anish Chandra Prakash
Ram Kishore Soren
Rishabh kr.Yadav
Murtaza Yousuf
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The few lines of acknowledgement can never substitute the deep appreciation for the people who have been kind with their help and support for this project. We would like to extend our sincere thanks to all of them.
We are highly indebted to Prof. Nirmal Kumar for his guidance and constant supervision as well as his support towards this project. Also we extend our thanks to CIC administration that allowed us to take this topic for our project.
Our thanks and appreciation go to our batch mates Aayush Shukla for arranging meeting with the some film makers and Siddharth Nandan for lending us his laptop at the time when it was needed.
Special thanks to all those people who contributed money for our movie.
Hrishabh Jha
Amulya Aphle
Anish Chandra Prakash
Ram Kishore Soren
Rishabh kr.Yadav
Murtaza Yousuf
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project Crowdfunding: A new way of financing movies is a group project carried out by Hrishabh Jha, Amulya Aphle, Anish Chandra Prakash, Ram Kishore Soren, Rishabh Kumar Yadav and Murtaza Yousuf, students of B.A. Honors (Humanities and Social Science), Cluster Innovation Centre. University of Delhi. This is a semester long project and is the original work done by them during a full semester period.
Dr. Achala Tandon Prof. Nirmal Kumar
Co-ordinator Project mentor
B.A. Honors (Humanities and Social Sciences) Cluster Innovation Centre
Cluster Innovation Centre
University of Delhi
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INTRODUCTION
CONCEPT Earlier when arts was not commercialized, it was seen just as a form of entertainment. Any form of arts was patronized on two levels. On primary level it was patronized by the artists and on the second level it was patronized by the viewers, the audience. This way the art used to stay alive and develop with time. Because if there is no audience for an art then obviously it would die with time.
But as the world got developed, arts also started getting commercialized. People started making profit out of it. Now it was no more just a form of entertainment. Now there came another level which was equally important for patronizing the art form. Apart from the artist and the audience, financers also became instrumental in saving the art.
This was still fine until the time when the financers became more important than the artists and the audience. They started having a bigger role in driving the course of development of the art form. This adversely affected the purity of the art.
Obviously we can’t roll back the wheel of development. Now money is needed for doing anything. And for doing something as big as making a movie millions and sometimes even billions of money is required. So we need money and also other than artists and the audience we don’t want to have a third party to have a say in making the art. What do we do? We find new ways of financing.
We can take inspiration from daily life examples. A lot of times we see that when a community has to organize some festival, the people
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of that community contribute money, they make all the arrangements and sometimes they themselves perform in the festival also. And needless to say they are the ones who enjoy also. The idea is to use similar kind of funding techniques for making movies also.
Why movies??We chose movies are one of the most powerful form art forms. It has the power to reach and influence a large population. Along with that cinema over the years cinema has grown a lot. It has developed to an extent that now it has become a combination of almost all kind of art forms.
Aims and objectives
1. To create awareness among people 2. To give a detailed picture of crowdfunding in movies 3. To make suggestions for improvement of this mode of financing 4. To make a short crowdfunded movie
Significance of the studyOver the years with cinema has suffered a lot especially Indian cinema. A major reason is behind that is the increasing power and greed of production houses. They only see movies as means of getting more and more profit. They only concentrate on the things that can give them more profit. They don’t see cinema as an art form.
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Obviously when businessmen rather than artists start taking control over the art form, the art suffers.
Producers force the directors to make a particular type of movie. Cinema is basically a form of expression. Based on different experiences different people have different things to express. As a result many directors don’t get a chance to make a movie the way they want to. Also the audience also don’t get different stories. Many good film makers who are loyal to the art of cinema don’t get a chance to show their talent because they don’t have enough money. The audience also remain deprived of good cinema. The directors need to have a minimum level of freedom while making movies.
When there is one or two producers of a movie then the power remains concentrated in their hands but as the number of financers increase the power gets diffused and the film maker gets more freedom which is very much necessary for the growth and development of movies. Crowdfunding helps in democratizing the whole process of movie making.
Through our studies we have been able to understand the working of crowdfunding in movies. That helped us in making people aware about it. So they can actively take part in it and help in the development of this form of financing in movies. Also on basis of our studies we have made certain suggestions. We have planned to send these suggestions along with the whole report to the government and other film authorities.
MethodologyWe first did an extensive literature review to see how till now crowdfunding in movies has been working in India and abroad. We
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did case study of different movies that have been made using crowdfunding. We ensured that the movies were of different genre to get a proper picture.
Then we studied about different websites and crowdfunding platforms that are used for crowdfunding in movies. We studied their business model, their working etc.
Further we took interview of different people related to film business. Like we interviewed a film critic, two filmmakers- one who made a documentary and another who made a full feature film using crowdfunding. Along with those we also interviewed a crowdfunding website’s co-founder. We ensured that we got to see crowdfunding from different angles and from different perspectives.
For creating awareness we made pamphlets and we also did one-on-one talking with people and tried to explain them about crowdfunding in movies. We also asked them about their views on the topic and recorded their responses.
And to gain a firsthand experience of doing crowdfunding we made a short movie. We prepared a campaign poster. And went to different colleges asking for money. Since our budget was not very high so it could have been arranged quite easily. But since we had to get the real essence of crowdfunding, we first targeted only unknown people. After that we turned to those who were known to us like our friends, college mates. We avoided asking our relatives or professors for money because that way we could have easily got our target amount which was quite less as already mentioned above.
IICROWDFUNDING
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DefinitionCrowdfunding is solicitation of funds (small amount) from multiple investors through a web-based platform or social networking site for a specific project, business venture or social cause.
Crowd sourced funding is a means of raising money for a creative project (for instance, music, film, book publication), a benevolent or public-interest cause (for instance, a community based social or co-operative initiative) or a business venture, through small financial contributions from persons who may number in the hundreds or thousands. Those contributions are sought through an online crowd-funding platform, while the offer may also be promoted through social media.
In our research we didn’t come across any definition that said anything about the minimum number of contributors needed or minimum/maximum amount to be contributed for the funding to be called crowdfunding. But generally funding is called crowdfunding when very small amount of money is contributed by many people.
Types of crowdfunding
Donation-Based Crowdfunding
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Broadly speaking, you can think of any crowdfunding campaign in which there is no financial return to the investors or contributors as donation-based crowdfunding. Common donation-based crowdfunding initiatives include fundraising for disaster relief, charities, nonprofits, and medical bills.
Rewards-Based CrowdfundingRewards-based crowdfunding involves individuals contributing to your business in exchange for a “reward,” typically a form of the product or service your company offers. Even though this method offers backers a reward, it’s still generally considered a subset of donation-based crowdfunding since there is no financial or equity return. This approach is a popular option here on Fundable, as well other popular crowdfunding platforms like Kickstarter and Indiegogo, because it lets business-owners incentivize their contributor without incurring much extra expense or selling ownership stake.
Peer-to-Peer lending
In Peer-to-Peer lending, an online platform matches lenders/investors with borrowers/issuers in order to provide unsecured loans and the interest rate is set by the platform. Some Peer-to-Peer platforms arrange loans between individuals, while other platforms pool funds which are then lent to small and medium-sized businesses. Some of the leading examples from the US are Lending Club, Prosper etc. and from UK are Zopa, Funding Circle etc.
Some of the platforms charge a fee based on the loan origination and have an incentive to push investors into larger loans which may not suit an investor’s risk profile. Though, Peer-to-peer lending did not appear to involve securities, loan/notes/contracts can be traded on a peer-to-peer platform or a secondary market. Thus, these loans may become securities, with the contract between the lender and the borrower
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being the security note. In peer-to-peer lending, there is no investor protection by way of a compensation scheme to cover defaults in this market as there is with deposit guarantee schemes for bank deposits. Retail investors, who do not have the capacity to absorb defaults, may lose significant proportions of their investments, if there are any defaults.
In some Jurisdiction like Germany and Italy, peer-to-peer platforms are classified as banks (due to their credit intermediation function) and are therefore regulated as banks.
Equity Based Crowdfunding
In Equity Based Crowdfunding, in consideration of funds solicited from investors, Equity Shares of the Company are issued. It refers to fund raising by a business, particularly early-stage funding, through offering equity interests in the business to investors online. Businesses seeking to raise capital through this mode typically advertise online through a crowdfunding platform website, which serves as an intermediary between investors and the start-up companies.
In most of the countries it is banned. If someone contributes in any project as, they can’t expect to get a share of profit or loss.
In movies donation based and reward based crowdfunding is more popular. So popular that in our research we didn’t come across any movie that used equity based or peer-to-peer lending methods. Mostly because they are very much complex and a lot of legalities are involved with them. Although equity based crowdfunding is completely banned in many countries including India.
Working of crowdfunding in movies
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It all starts with an idea. When someone has any idea for a movie and because of any reason for choosing crowdfunding for making a movie. The reasons can be anything. Like maybe no producer seemed interested in taking the project or maybe filmmaker just wants to make the movie independently without anyone’s influence.
Then the filmmaker chooses any platform for this purpose. It can be one of those existing crowdfunding websites like Kickstarter, Indigego, Ketto, wishberry, dreamstree etc. Or they just use his/her social media account to do everything. Then they start campaigning. They invite people to contribute using their previous achievements and by sharing with them ideas and facts related to the movie. They explain the terms and conditions to the contributors. The contributors agree to those terms before giving money. Filmmaker ensures that it’s clear who gets what? The contributors have no claim on the profits that the film earns. They only have claim over the rewards that they were promised for.
Then people give money. If they do it using any website then the website charges some commission. They contributors receive whatever they were promised for. If some filmmaker fails to fulfill his/her promise then in that case nothing would happen to the website or platform that he/she used. Before putting their project, they also have to agree to terms and conditions in which it is clearly written that the platform can’t be held liable for anything.
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Figure 1
FUNCTIONING OF CROWDFUNDING IN MOVIES
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CASE STUDYManthan (1976)Shyam Benegal’s 1976 film ‘Manthan’, on the White Revolution of India, was made thanks to the contribution of over half a million milk farmers in Gujarat in the mid-1970, a staggering show of solidarity that told the tale of their movement on the big screen.
He had made a couple of documentaries for Dr Verghese Kurien, who redefined the story of milk production in the country. He thought Dr. Kurien’s intervention was incredible; he pioneered the milk producers’ co-operative movement, the first time something like this was being done on such a large scale.
Dr. Kurien, wanted very much for the story of how the milk co-operatives began, to be documented. The documentaries that Shyam Benegal made for Dr. kurien were being shown to people who already had co-operatives. They needed to reach out to the public at large, so that they could come to know about the largest, most successful co-operative movement in the world.
Benegal wanted to make a full feature film and he needed around Rs. 10-20 lakh. Dr. Kurien sent a message to all the co-operative unions of Gujarat and asked them if the milk farmers would be willing, for just one morning, to accept Rs 2 less and they could then become producers of a feature film which tells their story.
Dr. Kurien’s proposal got a vote of approval from each and every one of those farmers, thanks to which the production of Manthan was made possible. All the farmers came from their villages to see their own story on the big screen. It was incredible, the Times of India, Ahmedabad Edition, carried a whole story on this unique phenomenon – trucks and trucks of farmers with their families coming into cities such as Baroda,
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Ahmedabad, Mehsana… they were the first audiences of the film they’d helped produce.
The film successfully covered its costs and made a small profit as well, telling their story far beyond their time. ‘Manthan’ was one of the few Indian films made which got distribution in different countries in South Africa, South America, Central America, as well as in China. Former PM Morarji Desai presented a copy of the film to the Soviet Union President at the time, and it was shown all over their country too.
It isn’t his only tryst with crowdfunding though. His second crowdfunding venture, Susman, was about handloom weavers. Funds were gathered for this, too, in a similar manner, by the different handloom co-operative unions all over the country. Finally, in 1991, he made a film called Antarnaad, based on the Swadhyay movement, spearheaded by Pandurang Shastri Athavale.
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Lucia (2013)Lucia is a bit of a crowdfunding institution in Kannada cinema, having been the first film to be produced by the audience. Straddling the line between fantasy and reality, the story follows a man suffering from insomnia who is desperate for some sleep. He’s tricked into taking a drug, Lucia that induce dreams in which all his desires come true.
Funnily enough, it all started with a lot of frustration on Pawan’s part, about being unable to fund his film. After months of chasing producers and sponsors, the director of 2011 film ‘Lifeu Ishtene‘ was at the end of his wits and uploaded an outraged blogpost titled ‘Making Enemies’, that interestingly describes his ‘gut feeling’ about how Lucia could become ‘a cult film for the Kannada industry’. It also expressed his grievances with the difficulty of funding the film, and the audience’s obsession with watching films starring celebrities and ‘big names’.
The response to this blogpost was overwhelming, and this was when the concept of crowdfunding first entered the picture. “Around 10 days after I put up the post, a lady from the UK transferred 200,000 rupees (around $3,200) to my account. Soon, I had around 800,000 to 900,000 rupees in my account. That is when I realized I was on to something”, the filmmaker told Reuters.
“They never looked at me as a guy from the industry who might be trying to loot them in the name of entertainment. They looked at me as a guy next door, who was aspiring to do something new,” Pawan explains in his blogpost. “And that is why they supported me unconditionally. So, when I told these people, that I will make an honest attempt to make a feature film in Kannada and to put this film on a global platform, they just supported the vision of the project: to take Kannada cinema to a global audience.”
Lucia’s goal was to raise INR 6 million in 100 days, which they ended up meeting in just 27 days. As the film gained popularity, he realized that
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there were enough people who wanted to watch it on the big screen, which — again — was an expensive process. At this point, Pawan decided to give the audience a chance to become an online distributor by pre-ordering the film — they just have to share the film with someone, from which they would get a commission. The digital distribution experiment was a roaring success, and the film earned INR 10.6 million in ticket sales in the first week alone.
Pawan has spoken at length about how the whole team made a conscious effort to never waste money on set, and maintained that his first priority was to give back to his backers, who had invested an admirable amount of trust in him. “The fact that we can today make such stories in Kannada is a success,” he says, dismissing the commercial profits the film ended up making. “Finally, it made many people take pride in saying that the Kannada audience made Lucia, and I am so happy that it will be remembered that way. Forever, Lucia will be known as the first Kannada film produced by the audience, and that’s a title the community has earned for itself.
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Punyakoti (2016)Punyakoti is India’s first animated film in Sanskrit. It is based on a popular folksong from South India. Punyakoti was started as an experiment- to not only see what happens when 35 animators from all around the world are working on the movie, but also create a revival of the Sanskrit language, especially among the younger generation.
The film is a debut venture by Ravi Shankar who is a multimedia expert and the head of human resources at Infosys. It also has illustrious names such as legendary filmmaker Sri Ilaiyaraaja- who is composing the film’s soundtrack, filmmaker Anvar Ali and National Award winning editor Manoj Kannoth.
According to Ravi, crowdfunding for Punyakoti was a good idea because, “the concept of this film was fairly new and we didn’t want just one person to carry the burden. But more than that, for us crowdfunding was a way to validate the idea”. He chose the site www.wishberry.in for crowdfunding.
Obviously, no online crowdfunding campaign is possible without a strong and supportive fan base. The process of building a decent social media fan following lasted 2 months. During this time, the right target audience was found using affinities relevant to the project. These affinities were: Only Sanskrit animation film in the world, Effort to revive Sanskrit – a dying language and one of India’s greatest contributions to the world, India’s first crowdsourced animated film- seeking collaboration of 35 animators from all over the world etc.
For different amounts contributors were given different rewards like credit in music album, online preview pass, dinner with director etc. People were constantly given updates using social media.
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About 24% of the pledges (and eventual funding) came from users who visited the landing page first. About 24% of the pledges (and eventual funding) came from users who visited the landing page first. During the crowdfunding campaign, the press focus shifted to online portals. Punyakoti got featured by popular sites such as NewsMinute, Rediff, The Better India, etc. This may not have helped in getting funding directly, but it created a lot of social media traction, which eventually did lead to a large number of people putting in small amounts of money.
Punyakoti raised Rs. 41 lakhs from 282 funders all across the globe. Not only did Punyakoti go on to become the highest funded online crowdfunding project but also. 80% of the funders didn’t even know Ravi personally. They simply funded out of love for the idea!
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IVINTERVIEWS
Mihir Pandya
Dr. Mihir Pandya is a professor, writer and film critic. He Teaches Hindi literature at University of Delhi. He did his doctorate on contemporary City in Indian Popular Cinema. He has written columns for many publications.
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Initially we thought that money is majorly required for making the movie. But as we continued, we started getting a different picture. And after having a meeting with Dr. Pandya it became clear that with fast developing technologies movie making has not remained very expensive and difficult task. Now the real problem comes after making the movie.
Even in case of Lucia we saw that director could manage to make a good movie using very basic techniques. But he faced problem in screening the movie. Luckily PVR decided to screen his movie in its director’s rare segment.
Dr. Pandya told us about the new technologies that have made movie making a very affordable task. He gave us an example of movie “Tangerine” that was completely shot on Iphone. He also gave us examples of filmmakers like Biju Topo of Jharkhand whose movie “Loha Garam Hai” won national award. Bijo Topo makes movies centered on his own community. He collects money from people of that community only. And apart from this he also involves them in the process of movie making. So that they can learn the technicalities related to filmmaking. The point is that since accessories like camera, laptop are getting cheaper and cheaper, so if the people would learn the art of movie making then they wouldn’t need anyone’s help to tell their stories. They can do it themselves.
He thinks that new techniques bring with themselves new content. Like people now prefer to watch movies on their laptops, television and even on their mobile phones. So not all the movies need to have very good graphic and Dolby surround sound. Some movies need to have those things like Bahubali, Baajirao Mastani. Graphics and techniques are a vital part of these type of movies. But on the other hand there are many movies like lunchbox, Masan that is known only because of their
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stories, direction, acting and editing. These kind of movies can be watched on laptops and mobile phones and that would not make much difference. So if some director is making movies of this sort then instead of releasing it in theatres, he/she can release it online. Already many production houses have started doing this.
Then we talked about how big multiplexes don’t screen low budget movies. Even the movies that PVR releases in its director’s rare segment are given the time slot when there are less number of audience. So there is a need to create special auditoriums for screening of low budget movies.
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Lalit Choudhary
He’s the co-founder of Dreamstree.in (a website for crowdfunding) and Bollywood Direct, a company that helps in doing marketing for movies.
It was really important to know about the perspective of the people who closely work with crowdfunding. So luckily we got one such person. Since he was in Mumbai so we couldn’t meet him. And we had to take his interview over phone.
On asking about his experience with crowdfunding, he said in India the idea of crowdfunding in movies is something that people are not very much aware of. He said that even on his site most of the people who contribute are foreigners or the relatives or friends of the filmmaker. Unknown people hardly give contributions. But that doesn’t mean that crowdfunding sites are worthless. Because people avoid asking for money even from their relatives. As there’s always lot of stigmas attached to it. So there comes the use of crowdfuding sites where
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people can create their campaign page and share it on different places and social media. This way their relatives and friends get to know about their project and they themselves come forward to inquire about the project and then they help afterwards.
Talking about legalities he said in India laws related to crowdfunding especially crowdfunding in movies is not very clear. Maybe because it’s still a very new concept. There are some old weird laws that are needed to be checked like in any project that seek crowdfunding, maximum 200 people can contribute. Now if we suppose that the budget of a movie is 10 lakh rupees. If we divide it by 200 then that would mean each person would have to give 5000 rupees. Already people are skeptical about giving money for a movie. In that case it’s really very hard to get 5000 rupees from an unknown person.
But then he also said that people often violate this law. In many projects the total number of people reach to more than 200. But they get away with it because there is no one to check these things.
Lastly he said that to make this idea popular among Indians it isvery much needed to allow equity based crowdfunding. Then people would start seeing this as a good investment. Sometimes low budget movies go on to become a big box office hit. This would encourage many people to contribute towards movies.
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Pawan K Shrivastava
He’s a Film maker, writer, blogger, activist and director of Bihar's first independent crowd funded film, Naya Pata.
We started with his experience with crowdfunding. The reason why he chose crowdfunding was that he wanted to have complete freedom while making the movie. Along with this he feel that using crowdfunding people feel more connected with the movie. Otherwise people see actors and directors as people of some other world. But in
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crowdfunding they constantly get updates about the progress of movie directly from the filmmakers. This encourages them a lot.
But he also shares the same opinion with others that people of India can’t fathom the idea of crowdfunding in movies. When he went to people asking for money they were suspicious towards him. They thought that this is a new way of cheating people.
He sent mail to around 150 people which got forwarded to 1500 people and a total 354 people contributed money. And he was able to collect around 12 lakh rupees.
But he had to face lots of challenges like the shooting for the movie took place in 4 schedules. And the whole process spanned over a time period of 3 years. Reason behind this was he didn’t receive the money at once. He received it in installments.
The story of Naya Pata was published in The Hindu. That helped him a lot in getting the funds. He screened the movie in the Habitat centre, Delhi. There he also called officials of PVR cinemas. They liked the movie and decided to screen it in its director’s rare segment. The film was released in Delhi, Mumbai, UP and Bihar. And it got a huge success.
He was optimistic about the future of crowdfunding in movies. But he said that the ways would have to be changed. Filmmakers have to find new ways of doing crowdfunding.
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VOUR SHORT FILM
Planning CampaignAs suggested by others we thought it would be good to get a firsthand experience of making a short film using crowdfunding. So we started working on our plan. Luckily one of the group members happens to be a writer. We selected one of his story for the movie. It was a light love story of two college students. There wasn’t a specific strong reason for selecting a love story. It’s just that we liked it. And the other thing is we wanted it to be as simple as possible because if we had taken up any social issues then some people would have contributed money keeping that issue in mind. But we wanted to see how people react towards a simple movie. We wanted to see how many people contribute money just for the art of cinema.
So we started designing our campaign. We decided to target college students as they would feel more related towards it. We had a very small budget. Our target was to collect around 500 rupees. This was the reason why we avoided asking money from our relatives or professors. Because we thought in that case we would have easily got money. And we wanted to experience the true experience of crowdfunding.
Hence we made a poster for our campaign and pasted it in different colleges. We gave a link to our story in that poster. We offered to give a film poster to all those who gave Rupees 50 or more than that. And for
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those who gave 100 rupees we made them co-producers. We welcomed any amount any amount above rupees 10.
Total we collected 670 rupees. We spent that in travel expenses of the actors. Since they were not of our college and they used to come from south campus.
Details of Donors
S.No. Name Mobile Number Email ID Amount ( )₹
1Shubhankar 9999713807 [email protected] 10
2SHIPRA TIWARI 9585198199 [email protected] 100
3ajaz hussain 8826668762 [email protected] 10
4ASHISH MISHRA 8010343309 [email protected] 20
5PRAVEEN 9873370870 [email protected] 10
6kumar ANISH 9310472249 [email protected] 50
7siddharth nandan 8800242102 [email protected] 100
8Rishi Raj 8800496965 [email protected] 50
9Hemant kumar 9911292133 [email protected] 20
10Kirti krishna 7045813286 [email protected] 100
11Shipra Praliya 9566267386 [email protected] 100
12Praveen Yadav 8860391028 soumpraveen2gmail.com 100
13Shravan 9654523038 50
14shubhrat katiyar 7838044291 [email protected] 50
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Our Campaign poster28
People’s responseWe went to different colleges and did one-to-one talking with the students. We explained them about the idea of crowdfunding in movies and also asked for money for our film. In this way we were able to do two things at a time. We spread awareness as well as we collected funds. We also distributed pamphlets to students giving details about crowdfunding in movies. We also provided our own contact details so that anyone could contact us if they’d want to.
It was not a very good experience though. As expected people were skeptical about the whole idea. Most of the people knew about crowdfunding but very few had heard about its usage in movies. They were not welcoming either. Many of them didn’t care to listen to us. As soon as they got any hint that we wanted to get money they’d turn their heads away. A very few of them even made fun of us.
But some people were quite generous. They listened to us, and also gave us some helpful information that we could use in our project. They gave us suggestions also. Like some of them told that we should collect funds from the professors as there was a possibility of getting more money from them. Some looked quite interested and asked us a lot of questions related to our project and crowdfunding. Few of them said they would love to give money for some movie centered on some social issues but not for a love story. Something that we expected earlier also.
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Pamphlet that we made
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Group members on field visit
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Making the movie
One of the group member Anish Chandra Prakash took the job of direction. Another group member Amulya Aphle did the shooting and editing. Like mentioned earlier also the actors were selected from south campus. We did the shooting in CIC and some other parts of north campus. We sent the movie to all the contributors through mail.
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Poster of our short film “Pagla kahin ka “34
VILIMITATIONS AND CHALLENGES
1. This is a very new topic. Unlike other topics there is almost no previous research done on this topic. So we didn’t have any sort of support in that way.
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VIISuggestions
1. Need to create special auditoriums for screening of low budget movies.In our research it’s very much clear that screening the movie is the real challenge that filmmakers face. So government should create dedicated auditoriums for those films. That also opens new doors of opportunities. Like In case of Naya Pata, officials of PVR liked the movie and screened it in their theatres.
2. New Ways of crowdfunding People of India are comfortable in contributing for some social cause. So filmmakers can promise the contributors to donate a percentage of profit towards some social cause. In this way there won’t be any legal issues because they are not getting a share of profit and they would be happy to do social work.
3. Need of a proper dedicated governing bodyGovernment has to form a proper governing body that would look into the issues related to crowdfunding in movies. There are no proper laws which leads to lots of confusion.
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4. Encouraging Co-production markets More and more co-production market should be encouraged where people related to cinema producers, distributors, filmmakers can meet together and talk about their ideas. The organizers can take a share of funds that the fimmakers would get.
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